共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 250 毫秒
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Tilt梯度及其水平导数提取重磁源边界位置 总被引：7，自引：6，他引：1
探讨了用于探测异常源边界和形状的Tilt梯度及其水平导数的方法及其性质．通过模型试算,论证了Tilt梯度及其水平导数的有效性,并从理论上给予了证明．Tilt梯度及其水平导数的方法及其性质可广泛用于区域重磁异常的构造解释之中。 相似文献
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目的利用重力异常数据微弱信息挖掘技术识别线性构造的方法,并介绍其实现过程.方法采用水平梯度法和二次垂直导数等方法提取微弱信息,利用数字图象显示技术成图.结果识别出鄂尔多斯盆地线性构造多条,分析对比鄂尔多斯盆地区域地质构造资料及重力解释成果,具有较好的吻合性.为深入研究该地区线性构造补充了新的证据.结论该方法提取了区域重力异常资料中的微弱信息,弥补用等值线图示构造信息的不足,有助于线性构造的分析.水平梯度法(最大模)和二次导数处理方法与数字图象成图相结合取得良好的解释效果. 相似文献
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为了突出显示重磁场中地质体分布、断裂构造特征等信息,使图像显示错落有序、层次分明、清楚直观,有利于解释人员从不同角度认识重磁场异常特征.本文通过分析倾斜角概念,根据反余切函数特性,提出了扩展的倾斜角(iTdr)和倾斜角总水平导数(iTdr_Thdr)方法,来增强重磁异常信息,突出异常形状特点,以便于识别重磁异常中地质体边界和提取地质体分布、断裂构造平面展布特征等信息.理论模型和实际资料对比分析表明该方法简单、实用、具有较好的识别效果和较高的分辨能力,能够获取丰富的地质信息,对识别地质体边界、划分大地构造单元、确定断裂带和地质构造走向等具有实际意义. 相似文献
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利用重磁异常解释断裂是地质构造研究的主要手段之一.重磁异常解释断裂通常是在等值线图或剖面平面图上进行的,而重磁异常在进行等值线网格化成图时会造成微弱信息丢失,这些原因造成重磁异常解释断裂的多解性.本文对重磁异常数据在化极、曲面延拓处理的基础上,采用水平梯度法提取延拓曲面上的重磁异常梯度带,之后对断裂带进行窄化处理,通过图示技术将重磁异常数据转换成灰度值,图像的灰度值以变密度显示,形成彩色的变密度图像,这样就提高了数据图像识别断裂的视觉效果.该方法应用在鄂尔多斯盆地不同层次(时间序列)的断裂研究中,提取和识别重磁异常特征所反映的断裂信息,效果较好. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2015,(3)
在隐伏岩溶探测中,为实现岩溶管道引起的充电法电位水平梯度局部异常与线性或低缓区域背景场的分离,突出局部微弱异常,本文根据半无限均匀大地中,良导电球体和无限长水平圆柱体充电电位水平梯度及其一次导数剖面曲线分布特征与规律,采用两点平滑法和一阶中心差分法推导出充电电位水平梯度一次导数的近视计算公式,建立了差分滤波函数F xi+1+12()h极小值点与线性或低缓区域背景场特征点的对应关系.在此基础上,提出了线性或低缓区域背景场的线性插值公式和拉格朗日插值公式,以及局部异常与线性或低缓区域背景场划分的作图法和解析法.差分滤波函数F xi+1+12()h对充电法电位水平梯度观测误差、地质噪声具有平滑和低通滤波作用,由此差分滤波函数F xi+1+12()h确定的实测充电法电位水平梯度线性或低缓区域背景场将更为合理,实现了充电法电位水平梯度局部异常与线性或低缓区域背景场的有效分离.利用该局部异常与线性或低缓区域背景场划分方法,实际处理了桂东北越城岭山脉东部岩溶区的洛潭水库实测充电电位水平梯度异常数据,提取了受强大区域背景场掩盖了的岩溶管道产生的微弱异常,突出了岩溶病态水库漏水通道、断裂构造分布等地质信息,为岩溶病态水库的除险加固工程供了有效的处理途径和工程靶区.地质钻探工程和地下水示踪试验均验证了所研发的基于一阶差分的充电法电位水平梯度局部异常与线性或低缓区域背景场分离方法的准确性、有效性和实用性. 相似文献
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本文基于西秦岭造山带中川—温泉岩群2015年高精度航磁资料,分析了航磁特征,对比了垂向一阶导数、水平梯度模、斜导数、θ图、归一化标准差等位场边缘识别技术的实际处理效果,重新厘定了岩体群深部范围和断裂构造格架,探讨了该区找矿方向.结果表明:该岩群所具有的环状-半环状航磁异常是岩体在"气球膨胀"的成岩模式下,深部不同岩性界面的反映,也是识别岩体深部边界的直接标志,北西西向、北东向深大断裂是区域上控岩控矿断裂;斜导数、垂向一阶导数、水平梯度模实际处理效果优于θ图,但存在干扰信息更多的问题,θ图计算结果虽更为稳定,但边界信息反映微弱.利用归一化标准差技术可有效地增强θ图中微弱信息,据此圈定该岩群深部范围较出露区范围扩大416 km~2.结合成矿条件,认为在温泉岩体外带及东延部分、中川岩体北缘及东缘、教场坝岩体西南缘、柏家庄岩体西北缘、闾井岩体东西两翼、碌础坝岩体东北缘及南段具有较好的找矿潜力,新圈定的13片有利找矿区应是后续找矿工作首选地段,地面查证结果也从一定程度上印证了其可靠性. 相似文献
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本文提出了一种全张量磁梯度数据的斜导数边界识别方法,该方法利用全张量磁梯度数据定义了北向斜导数、东向斜导数和垂向斜导数.模型试验表明,北向和东向斜导数无法有效识别磁性异常体边界,异常形态复杂虚假异常较多,而垂向斜导数在高纬度斜磁化或者垂直磁化条件下可以清晰而准确得识别地质体的边界,具有一定的深度识别能力.与现有磁张量梯度的边界识别方法相比,识别效果好,可以有效均衡不同深度地质体的响应.将上述方法应用于大兴安岭地区实测航磁三分量数据转换得到的全张量数据,获得了研究区浅部磁性体的分布,并与三分量数据进行联合解释,取得良好的地质效果. 相似文献
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针对利用重磁场资料解决地质构造的精细划分和解释问题，提出三方向小子域滤波方法. 根据直立岩脉重力异常曲线特征和DCT理论，分析了直立岩脉重力异常π/２相位偏移技术，给出了突出三方向直立岩脉特征的平面重力异常及其π/2相移的DCT转换的理论公式. 模型实验证实，经过坐标变换后的偏移结果，其异常梯度最大值的水平位置与铅垂台阶断面在地面上的投影位置相一致；利用传统的小子域滤波分别检测每个方向偏移处理结果中的梯级带，突出三方向的异常分界特征，从而实现三方向小子域滤波的数值计算. 在应用中表明，传统的小子域滤波只能识别出黑龙江虎林盆地11条断裂带，而三方向小子域滤波法检测出33条断裂，这说明三方向小子域滤波法大大增强了对平面断裂水平位置信息的识别. 相似文献
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The tilt derivatives (or angles) are determined using the gravity gradient tensors (GGT) from two horizontal components (Gx, Gy) and vertical component (Gz), and the magnitude of the horizontal components (MHC). We show that the tilt derivatives from GGT and MHC are highly suitable for mapping linear geological structures or edges of target geology. The results obtained from theoretical data, with and without random noise, have been analyzed in this study. The tilt derivatives from GGT and MHC allow imaging the horizontal boundaries of gravity sources with a high resolution and show an improvement performance as edge detectors since they are ultra sensitive for detecting source boundaries. The tilt derivatives from GGT and MHC over the northeast of the Biga Peninsula in northwestern, Turkey are interpreted to image the edges of geological structures. Tilt derivatives provide a quick method which works well to obtain a detailed structural image of the complex area, with the most precision. The results indicate that the most predominant structural trends are in a NE-SW direction. Therefore, a good correspondence is recognized between structures well known by surface geology and many other lineaments which are unknown or only partially known. 相似文献
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The Erzurum Basin has received more attention in petroleum potential research because of its particularity in geographic and tectonic position. There remains debate on the basement structure of the basin since igneous rocks and faults make the structure and stratigraphy more complicated. We utilize gravity data to understand the structure of the Erzurum Basin. This study describes an edge enhancement technique based on the eigenvalues and determinant obtained from the curvature gravity gradient tensor (CGGT). The main goal of this technique is to delineate structural boundaries in complex geology and tectonic environment using CGGT. The results obtained from theoretical data, with and without Gaussian random noise, have been analyzed in determining the locations of the edges of the vertical-sided prism models. The zero contours of the smallest eigenvalue delineate the spatial location of the edges of the anomalous sources. In addition, 3-D gravity inversion of Bouguer anomalies has been used with purpose to estimate the structure of the substrata to allow modeling of the basement undulation in the Erzurum basin. For this reason, the Parker–Oldenburg algorithm helped to investigate this undulation and to evidence the main linear features. This algorithm reveals presence of basement depths between 3.45 and 9.06 km in the region bounded by NE–SW and E–W trending lineaments. We have also compared the smallest eigenvalue zero contours with the HGM images and Tilt derivative (TDR) of Bouguer anomaly map of the study area. All techniques have agreed closely in detecting the horizontal locations of geological features in the subsurface with good precision. 相似文献
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This study integrates potential gravity and magnetic field data with remotely sensed images and geological data in an effort to understand the subsurface major geological structures in Afghanistan. Integrated analysis of Landsat SRTM data was applied for extraction of geological lineaments. The potential field data were analyzed using gradient interpretation techniques, such as analytic signal (AS), tilt derivative (TDR), horizontal gradient of the tilt derivative (HG-TDR), Euler Deconvolution (ED) and power spectrum methods, and results were correlated with known geological structures.The analysis of remote sensing data and potential field data reveals the regional geological structural characteristics of Afghanistan. The power spectrum analysis of magnetic and gravity data suggests shallow basement rocks at around 1 to 1.5 km depth. The results of TDR of potential field data are in agreement with the location of the major regional fault structures and also the location of the basins and swells, except in the Helmand region (SW Afghanistan) where many high potential field anomalies are observed and attributed to batholiths and near-surface volcanic rocks intrusions.A high-resolution airborne geophysical survey in the data sparse region of eastern Afghanistan is recommended in order to have a complete image of the potential field anomalies. 相似文献
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位场全张量梯度数据以其信息量大、含有更高频的信号成分,能更好地描述小的异常特征等优点在地球物理领域中得到广泛应用.边界检测是位场解释中不可缺少的任务,需要新的边界探测器来处理位场梯度张量数据.为了充分利用位场梯度张量数据的多信息成分,本文定义了方向总水平导数和加强方向总水平导数,并利用其定义新的边界检测器.为了能同时显示不同振幅大小异常的边界,本文对其进行了归一化处理.通过模型试验,证明了归一化方法能更加清晰准确地显示浅部和深部的地质体边界信息.最后将该边界检测方法用于加拿大圣乔治湾实际测得全张量重力梯度数据和中国朱日和地区的磁异常数据中,并得到了较好的边界检测结果. 相似文献
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Bingqiang Yuan Lijun Song Li Han Shaole An Chunguan Zhang 《Geophysical Prospecting》2018,66(8):1586-1601
The Tobago Basin, which is located offshore northern Venezuela with a southern margin close to Trinidad and Tobago, has an area of approximately 59,600 km2. The Tobago Basin has relatively favourable hydrocarbon prospects, and to date, exploration work has mainly concentrated on small areas of the southwestern portion of the basin. To conduct a comprehensive study of the structural framework of the basin and the characteristics of the basement in order to identify prospective zones for hydrocarbon exploration, shipborne‐measured and satellite‐measured gravity data, shipborne‐measured magnetic data, and aeromagnetic survey data were analysed. A regularisation filtering method was used to separate and obtain regional and residual gravity and magnetic anomalies. Directional gradients of gravity and magnetic anomalies and the total horizontal gradient and vertical second derivative of gravity anomalies were employed to extract information about fault structures. Regression analysis methods were used to determine the basement depth. The geological significance of the gravity and magnetic fields was examined, the structural framework of the basin was assessed, the basement depth was estimated, and favourable hydrocarbon exploration prospects within the basin were identified. The results show that the Tobago Basin contains complex structures consisting mainly of two groups of faults trending in northeasterly and northwesterly directions and that the major northeasterly trending faults control the main structural configuration and depositional system within the basin. The basement of the Tobago Basin has deep rises and falls. It can be divided into the following four secondary tectonic units: the western sub‐basin, the central uplift area, the southern sub‐basin, and the northeastern sub‐basin. The central uplift area and northeastern sub‐basin are most likely to have developed hydrocarbon accumulations and should be targeted for further exploration. 相似文献
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研究地质体的边缘位置是重、磁位场数据解释永恒的主题,也是其优势.最近几年,国内外利用重、磁位场进行地质体边缘识别研究的文章明显增多,但没有作者系统整理和对比各方法的优点和缺点,给使用者带来诸多不便.本文首先将现有重、磁位场边缘识别方法分为数理统计、数值计算和其他三大类,并概述了各类方法的研究现状;之后较详细总结了数值计算类中垂向导数、总水平导数、解析信号振幅、倾斜角、θ图这5种基本的边缘识别方法以及在这些基本方法之上发展起来的诸如倾斜角总水平导数、增强解析信号振幅等方法的研究历史和应用效果;并用理论模型对比了几种主要边缘识别方法的识别效果.通过以上总结、对比和分析,指出了重、磁位场边缘识别方法使用中需要注意的问题以及将来的研究重点及发展方向. 相似文献
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基于磁异常进行场源边界识别(如断裂划分)是磁法勘探解释工作的重要内容.由于受到斜磁化、场源埋深、异常叠加以及噪声等多种因素的影响,基于磁异常直接进行场源的边界识别往往难以准确识别出场源体的边界,所以,人们研究了各种场源边界特征增强的方法技术,以便于进行场源边界的识别工作.近年来,国内外出现了很多新的边界特征增强方法,但有些方法的边界特征增强效果与已有方法相近,有的方法效果有待深化检验,存在验证方法的理论模型过于简单,未全面细致地分析出它们的优缺点等问题.针对上述情况,本文运用多种复杂、贴近实际的理论模型,深入对比分析了包括解析信号模法和倾斜角法等在内的15种具有代表性的边界增强方法,分析了它们在不同磁化方向、不同场源埋深、不同场源形态、异常叠加和噪声干扰等多种因素影响下的边界增强效果,重点归纳总结出它们的优缺点和适用条件,以为实际应用时的方法选择提供参考.通过模型实验,我们认为解析信号模垂向导数法、总水平导数法、解析信号模倾斜角法是在多种因素影响下,适用性较强、应用效果较好的三种方法. 相似文献