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为及时准确获取对边坡变形信息,本次研究采用基于北斗卫星定位的边坡自动化监测系统,对某边坡工程进行全天候自动化监测作业,并采用有限元软件Abaqus建立边坡模型,采用数值分析方法对边坡变形的敏感度区域进行分级划分,优化监测点布设位置,最好利用灰色系统分析方法对监测数据进行分析研究,分别建立边坡水平方向和竖向变形灰色GM(1,1)预测模型,并采用精度更高的水平方向预测模型对边坡变形趋势进行预测,效果较为理想,更加贴合边坡变形真值,为边坡工程的安全监测提供了可靠有效的解决方案。 相似文献
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在水电工程建设中,坝肩部位边坡的稳定性对电站的安全至关重要。以云南省澜沧江上游某水电站为例,介绍了该电站右坝肩边坡表面变形监测的技术方案,通过对边坡外部变形监测成果阶段性分析、变形量与降雨以及开挖相关性分析、成果空间分布分析,对研究边坡变形机理,评价边坡稳定性具有重要意义。 相似文献
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边坡工程对安全性要求极高,对其进行变形监测是保证边坡安全运行的重要措施.GNSS技术具有数据实时采集、实时分析、可全天候观测、易于实现全系统的自动化等优势.以GNSS技术为基础,将其与计算机技术、数据远程传输技术相结合构建边坡自动化监测系统,并将其运用到边坡结构安全监测中.结果表明该技术在边坡监测中具有较好的应用效果,... 相似文献
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朱健 《测绘与空间地理信息》2009,32(1)
根据实际公路边坡工程的特点,选取具有代表性的断面和该边坡位移监测的跟踪监测点,用位移监测桩监测边坡的表层位移和多点位计监测边坡的深部位移,反映出边坡在开挖过程中的实际状态.监测数据与研究结果表明,位移监测对边坡施工过程中的稳定性评价具有指导作用,得出了边坡实际变形方式,监测结果与实际调查相吻合. 相似文献
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三维激光扫描技术的出现,为边坡挡墙变形监测提供了新的监测手段,本文选用在测量领域中使用较广的脉冲式扫描仪,以监测某立交桥的边坡挡墙变形为实例,进行了点云数据采集。根据边坡挡墙变形监测的特点及数据处理的要求,使用机带软件RIEGL VZ-1000进行了点云数据预处理之后,再引入第三方点云处理软件Geomagic Studio和Geomagic Qualify,进行了数据处理及变形分析。通过研究,提出了基于三维激光扫描技术的边坡挡墙变形监测新方法。 相似文献
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根据实际公路边坡工程的特点，选取具有代表性的断面和该边坡位移监测的跟踪监测点，用位移监测桩监测边坡的表层位移和多点位计监测边坡的深部位移，反映出边坡在开挖过程中的实际状态。监测数据与研究结果表明，位移监测对边坡施工过程中的稳定性评价具有指导作用，得出了边坡实际变形方式，监测结果与实际调查相吻合。 相似文献
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随着露天矿山的不断开采,边坡处于不稳定状态,矿山边坡监测已成为保证矿山作业安全不可缺少的重要手段。本文以广州某露天矿山边坡作为研究场地,采用测量机器人监测技术,辅以三维激光扫描技术和近景摄影测量技术实现对边坡由点到面的全面监测,并通过对监测数据的整合分析,实现各种监测方法的优势互补,为边坡的稳定性分析和科学决策提供参考依据。 相似文献
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V. N. Bajpai 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1989,17(2):47-53
Both surface and subsurface evidences exist along the longitudinal section of the Ganga river in Kanpur-Unnao region of Central Ganga Plain indicating the effect of tectonic subsidence. While the surface evidences are discontinuous chain of high uplands with escarpments on the southern bank of the Ganga river and the wide flood plain on the northern side, the subsurface evidences are in terms of sudden deepending of the granitic basement towards north followed by deposition of coarse sand and gravel forming thick aquifers in the close vicinity of present channel of the Ganga river. The petrological examination of the aquifer material also indicates that the material has been derived from a deformation zone. 相似文献
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郑州-兰考区域性隐伏断裂的发现及其意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
黄河下游郑州京广铁桥—兰考段河道穿行于华北平原济源—开封凹陷,南邻太康隆起。该河段为著名的地上悬河,属典型的游荡型河床,河流地质作用以强烈侧蚀南岸为特征。遥感、物探综合解译首次发现在河道南岸存在一东西向郑州—兰考区域性隐伏深大断裂带,该断裂带的发现,从河流地质作用特征与基底新构造活动关系方面解释了该段黄河发生、发展和演化机理,解释了河床“小尺度游荡,大尺度呈直线状延伸” 的河道地貌特征和“河流强烈侧蚀南岸”的河流地质作用特征,对黄河下游河道防洪、治理具有重要意义。 相似文献
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Flood is one of the most devastating natural disasters with socio-economic and environmental consequences. Thus, comprehensive flood management is essential to reduce the flood effects on human lives and livelihoods. The main goal of this study was to investigate the application of the frequency ratio (FR) and weights-of-evidence (WofE) models for flood susceptibility mapping in the Golestan Province, Iran. At first, a flood inventory map was prepared using Iranian Water Resources Department and extensive field surveys. In total, 144 flood locations were identified in the study area. Of these, 101 (70%) floods were randomly selected as training data and the remaining 43 (30%) cases were used for the validation purposes. In the next step, flood conditioning factors such as lithology, land-use, distance from rivers, soil texture, slope angle, slope aspect, plan curvature, topographic wetness index (TWI) and altitude were prepared from the spatial database. Subsequently, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were drawn for produced flood susceptibility maps and the area under the curves (AUCs) was computed. The final results indicated that the FR (AUC = 76.47%) and WofE (AUC = 74.74%) models have almost similar and reasonable results. Therefore, these flood susceptibility maps can be useful for researchers and planner in flood mitigation strategies. 相似文献
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GIS Methodology for Characterizing Historical Conditions of the Willamette River Flood Plain, Oregon
Doug R Oetter Linda R Ashkenas Stanley V Gregory Paula J Minear 《Transactions in GIS》2004,8(3):367-383
Recent environmental developments have stimulated an interest in conservation and restoration of the historical Willamette River flood plain, both to protect against flooding and to provide wildlife habitat. In order to best utilize scarce resources, we characterized historical and modern river channel and flood‐plain conditions to evaluate changes and help prioritize restoration sites. Using cartographic and photographic data sources, we developed a Geographic Information System (GIS) to map active channels, side channels, islands and tributaries for four separate dates, as well as riparian and flood‐plain vegetation characteristics for pre‐European settlement and modern time periods. Coverages based on flood records and other boundaries were used to partition the flood plain into spatial subsets for analysis. The GIS allowed comparisons between historical and present conditions for a variety of environmental factors. Much of the pre‐settlement channel complexity has been removed. Total channel length in 1995 was 26% less than in 1850, with almost 58% of the river's side channels disconnected from the system. In addition, we found a 72% loss of flood‐plain forest from 1850 to 1995, since it was converted to agricultural and urban land uses. Selected river and flood‐plain variables were made available for a spatial model to prioritize potential locations for flood‐plain restoration. 相似文献
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本文首先采用基于多准则决策的层次分析评价法,根据自然灾害风险理论,将洪涝风险影响因子分为危险性和脆弱性两类,子准则层包括平均降雨量、汇流累积量、坡度、海拔和土地覆盖度、道路级别、地表产流能力7个因子,构建了道路洪涝灾害风险评价模型。然后以福建省武夷山地区为研究区,利用地形数据、气象数据及遥感影像提取土地覆盖类型数据,通过道路洪涝灾害风险评价模型,绘制了道路风险分区图。结果表明,中、高风险积水道路占比较高,主要集中在东部、西部和中南部地区。本文对道路洪涝灾害风险所进行的评价,可服务于洪涝灾害风险预警和应急救援规划。 相似文献
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河槽边坡地形的观测是河流边坡侵蚀和稳定性研究的基础。2016年洪季,利用三维激光扫描仪、多波束测深系统、RTK、差分GPS等仪器组成的多模态传感器系统,对长江下游铜陵段窝崩边坡和马鞍山段侵蚀型河漫滩边坡进行了联合地貌测量,对边坡陆上、水下高精度三维地形点云数据进行了融合研究,成功实现了边坡陆上水下三维地形的一体化和可视化。结果表明,多模态联合测量手段及三维点云融合方法能够获取较高分辨率的河流边坡陆上与水下一体化三维地貌模型,利用该模型可对边坡整体地貌特征进行定量计算分析,实现对河流险段的监测与稳定性评估,具有一定的工程意义。 相似文献
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Surendra Singh K. D. Sharma Nepal Singh D. N. Bohra 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》1988,16(4):53-56
Temporal changes in ephemeral river courses and associated flood plains, which could not be detected by Landsat MSS due to its poor spatial resolution of 80m, have been identified and mapped within 10% accuracy by Landsat TM False colour composite because of its higher spectral and spatial resolution of 30 m. Over a period of 28 years (1958–86) the river courses widened upto 1.8 times through bank erosion due to the recurring flash floods. The flash floods have also caused morphological, soil fertility and landuse changes in the associated flood plains, which could also be monitored by the Landsat TM. 相似文献
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阐述了极坐标法在山体边坡爆破测量中的应用。包括在杭甬高速公路拓宽工程中306标段施工边界线、坡顶线、坡底线和坡的开挖线的放样,炮孔深度的测算等。极坐标法在山体边坡爆破测量中对工程的施工既起到了保障和检校的作用,又起到了对工程施工降低成本费用的作用。 相似文献