共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 140 毫秒
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基于边缘检测算法的LiDAR数据建筑物提取 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
LiDAR技术可以快速获取地形表面高精度3维信息。基于LiDAR数据提取建筑物目标是这一技术的重要应用之一。探讨了一种基于LiDAR点云数据生成不同比例尺的DSM深度影像,然后利用边缘检测算子提取建筑物边缘的方法。实验证明,该方法不需要其他辅助数据,可以从LiDAR点云数据中提取建筑物边缘,并滤除了许多干扰信息。这种方法为基于LiDAR数据提取建筑物目标提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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LiDAR技术可以快速获取地形表面高精度3维信息。基于LiDAR数据提取建筑物目标是这一技术的重要应用之一。探讨了一种基于LiDAR点云数据生成不同比例尺的DSM深度影像,然后利用边缘检测算子提取建筑物边缘的方法。实验证明,该方法不需要其他辅助数据,可以从LiDAR点云数据中提取建筑物边缘,并滤除了许多干扰信息。这种方法为基于LiDAR数据提取建筑物目标提供了新的思路。 相似文献
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为了进一步研究建筑物密集区域多站地面激光雷达(LiDAR)点云数据的配准问题,该文提出一种基于平面特征的地面LiDAR数据配准方法:对点云数据进行分割获取平面信息;人工选择典型的平面,对相应的点云数据进行平面拟合,得到相应法向量;利用罗德里格矩阵的性质,建立三维激光扫描数据配准模型。实验结果表明,该方法的配准精度较高、计算速度快,可以取得较好的点云配准效果。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于点云特征图像和特征值分析的车载LiDAR点云建筑物立面位置边界的自动提取方法。首先利用车载LiDAR点云数据生成扫描区域的点云特征图像,并通过图像处理手段提取可能的建筑物目标点云;然后对提取的目标点云进行剖面分析和特征值分析,识别建筑物目标;最后对建筑物点云进行平面分割,提取建筑物立面,并对立面点云进行特征值分析,得到建筑物立面与地面交接的三维位置边界。实验结果表明,该方法能快速有效地提取车载LiDAR点云数据中的建筑物目标,同时提取的建筑物立面位置边界与原始点云能准确符合。 相似文献
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谭金石 《测绘与空间地理信息》2015,(6):81-83
机载LiDAR作为一种新兴的对地观测技术,能够快速地获取地表三维信息。如何从海量LiDAR点云数据中提取建筑物是数据处理中的一项关键工作。本文结合LiDAR数据和航空影像的数据特点,提出了一种航空影像辅助的LiDAR点云建筑物提取方法,首先,采用面向对象方法从航空影像中提取建筑物的轮廓;然后,以建筑轮廓信息为参考,从LiDAR点云中提取建筑物的点云数据;最后,通过实验证明该方法的有效性与可行性。 相似文献
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针对机载LiDAR点云存在数据缺失造成的空洞问题,研究利用低空摄影测量技术,探索机载LiDAR点云空洞修复的方法。利用低空摄影测量手段获取的遥感影像可以生成高精度的修复点云,并通过将修复点云融合到原始LiDAR点云中,实现对机载LiDAR点云空洞的修复。该方法操作简单、效率高,适用于大面积机载LiDAR点云数据的批量修复,能够为城市三维精细化建模提供重要的数据支撑。 相似文献
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半自动机载LiDAR点云建筑物三维重建方法 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对全自动建筑物3D重建存在需要后续人工检验,且发现重建错误需要花费额外时间修改的问题,提出了一种半自动的面向对象的机载LiDAR点云建筑物3D重建方法。基于建筑物类别点云的联通分析和平面生长分割结果,提出了自动的建筑物栋数检测、单栋建筑物外轮廓提取、单栋建筑物内部结构线提取方法;同时,在计算机无法完成部分工作时,人工辅助计算机完成高程阶越线提取、识别建筑物屋顶附属物点云等工作。实验证明,该方法可以适用于高密度机载LiDAR点云数据中城区大部分建筑物的3D模型重建。 相似文献
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针对直接从LiDAR点云数据中提取道路信息比较困难的问题,文章提出了一种基于点云分割和区域生长的机载LiDAR数据道路点云提取方法:采用曲面生长法对点云进行分割,直接得到包含道路信息的曲面点集合;应用LiDAR数据的回波强度对分割结果中的道路进行强度标定,并采用区域增长的思想实现了道路的精细提取。实验表明,该方法能够高效、准确地提取道路点云,在路桥建模方面有较强的使用价值。 相似文献
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Defining critical source areas (CSAs) of diffuse pollution in agricultural catchments depends upon the accurate delineation of hydrologically sensitive areas (HSAs) at highest risk of generating surface runoff pathways. In topographically complex landscapes, this delineation is constrained by digital elevation model (DEM) resolution and the influence of microtopographic features. To address this, optimal DEM resolutions and point densities for spatially modelling HSAs were investigated, for onward use in delineating CSAs. The surface runoff framework was modelled using the Topographic Wetness Index (TWI) and maps were derived from 0.25 m LiDAR DEMs (40 bare-earth points m−2), resampled 1 m and 2 m LiDAR DEMs, and a radar generated 5 m DEM. Furthermore, the resampled 1 m and 2 m LiDAR DEMs were regenerated with reduced bare-earth point densities (5, 2, 1, 0.5, 0.25 and 0.125 points m−2) to analyse effects on elevation accuracy and important microtopographic features. Results were compared to surface runoff field observations in two 10 km2 agricultural catchments for evaluation. Analysis showed that the accuracy of modelled HSAs using different thresholds (5%, 10% and 15% of the catchment area with the highest TWI values) was much higher using LiDAR data compared to the 5 m DEM (70–100% and 10–84%, respectively). This was attributed to the DEM capturing microtopographic features such as hedgerow banks, roads, tramlines and open agricultural drains, which acted as topographic barriers or channels that diverted runoff away from the hillslope scale flow direction. Furthermore, the identification of ‘breakthrough’ and ‘delivery’ points along runoff pathways where runoff and mobilised pollutants could be potentially transported between fields or delivered to the drainage channel network was much higher using LiDAR data compared to the 5 m DEM (75–100% and 0–100%, respectively). Optimal DEM resolutions of 1–2 m were identified for modelling HSAs, which balanced the need for microtopographic detail as well as surface generalisations required to model the natural hillslope scale movement of flow. Little loss of vertical accuracy was observed in 1–2 m LiDAR DEMs with reduced bare-earth point densities of 2–5 points m−2, even at hedgerows. Further improvements in HSA models could be achieved if soil hydrological properties and the effects of flow sinks (filtered out in TWI models) on hydrological connectivity are also considered. 相似文献
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The hydrologic response of a catchment is sensitive to the morphology of the drainage network. Dimensions of bigger channels are usually well known, however, geometrical data for man-made ditches is often missing as there are many and small. Aerial LiDAR data offers the possibility to extract these small geometrical features. Analysing the three-dimensional point clouds directly will maintain the highest degree of information. A longitudinal and cross-sectional buffer were used to extract the cross-sectional profile points from the LiDAR point cloud. The profile was represented by spline functions fitted through the minimum envelop of the extracted points. The cross-sectional ditch profiles were classified for the presence of water and vegetation based on the normalized difference water index and the spatial characteristics of the points along the profile. The normalized difference water index was created using the RGB and intensity data coupled to the LiDAR points. The mean vertical deviation of 0.14 m found between the extracted and reference cross sections could mainly be attributed to the occurrence of water and partly to vegetation on the banks. In contrast to the cross-sectional area, the extracted width was not influenced by the environment (coefficient of determination R2 = 0.87). Water and vegetation influenced the extracted ditch characteristics, but the proposed method is still robust and therefore facilitates input data acquisition and improves accuracy of spatially explicit hydrological models. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(6):521-538
The creation of a quality Digital Terrain Model (DTM) is essential for representing and analyzing the Earth in a digital form. The continuous improvements in the acquisition and the potential of airborne Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data are increasing the range of applications of this technique to the study of the Earth surface. The aim of this study was to determine the optimal parameters for calculating a DTM by using an iterative algorithm to select minimum elevations from LiDAR data in a steep mountain area with shrub vegetation. The parameters were: input data type, analysis window size, and height thresholds. The effects of slope, point density, and vegetation on DTM accuracy were also analyzed. The results showed that the lowest root mean square error (RMSE) was obtained with an analysis window size of 10 m, 5 m, and 2.5 m, rasterized data as input data, and height thresholds equal to or greater than 1.5 m. These parameters showed a RMSE of 0.19 m. When terrain slope varied from 0–10% to 50–60%, the RMSE increased by 0.11 m. The RMSE decreased by 0.06 m when point density was increased from 4 to 8 points/m2, and increased by 0.05 m in dense vegetation areas. 相似文献
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机载LiDAR数据估算样地和单木尺度森林地上生物量 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用机载激光雷达点云数据,结合大量实测单木结构信息,分别从样地和单木尺度估算了森林地上生物量AGB。首先,利用局部最大值单木提取算法提取了每个样地内的单木结构参数,并针对样地和单木尺度分别计算了一组激光雷达变量。然后,利用激光雷达变量和地上生物量及其两者的对数形式,从样地和单木尺度分别构建了估算模型。最后,针对两种尺度估算过程中存在的不确定性进行了详细讨论。结果表明:(1)样地和单木尺度模型估算的森林地上生物量与地面实测值都具有明显的相关性,且对数模型估算效果要优于非对数模型;(2)样地尺度模型估算效果(R2=0.84,rRMSE=0.23)明显优于单木尺度模型(R2=0.61,rRMSE=0.46);(3)按树木类型分别进行估算可以提高单木地上生物量的估算精度;(4)不论是样地还是单木尺度地上生物量估算都存在一定的不确定性,与样地尺度相比,单木尺度估算过程的不确定性更大,这种不确定性主要来自单木识别过程。 相似文献
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地基激光雷达的玉兰林冠层叶面积密度反演 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
叶面积密度LAD(Leaf Area Density)是表征冠层内部叶面积垂直分布的重要参数,其分布廓线的准确反演对研究植被碳氮循环、初级生产力和生物量估算等具有重要意义。本文在电子科技大学校内建立实验样区,利用地基激光雷达Leica Scan Station C10和数码相机获取玉兰林高分辨率3维激光点云数据和真彩色影像。利用监督分类将真彩色影像中枝干等非光合组织与叶片分离,再将像素分类信息映射给点云数据,从而提取叶片点云。通过点云数据体元化,并引入2维凸包算法确定垂直方向分层树冠边界,获取激光接触冠层的频率;随机选择不同高度的多个叶片,利用特征值法进行叶片平面拟合,估算出叶倾角,并结合天顶角估算叶倾角校正因子;最后基于体元的冠层分析VCP(Voxel-based Canopy Profiling)方法实现树林冠层LAD反演。结果表明体元化的叶片点云数据能准确确定树林冠层边界和统计接触频率实现LAD反演;反演的LAD变化走势与区域林木冠层叶片垂直分布相吻合,在冠层中下部随着高度的增加叶面积密度也随之增加,在4 m高度处达到最大值1 m2/m3,之后随着高度的增加叶面积密度逐渐降低。根据LAD计算得到的累积叶面积指数LAI为3.20 m2/m2,与LAI-2200实测的叶面积指数相比,相对误差为1.26%。 相似文献
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Automatic Registration Between Low-Altitude LiDAR Point Clouds and Aerial Images Using Road Features
Peipei He Xinjing Wang Youchuan Wan Jingzhong Xu Wei Yang 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(12):1963-1973
Among the many means of acquiring surface information, low-altitude light detection and ranging (LiDAR) systems (e.g., unmanned aerial vehicle LiDAR, UAV-LiDAR) have become an important approach to accessing geospatial information. Considering the lower level of hardware technology in low-altitude LiDAR systems compared to that in airborne LiDAR, and the greater flexibility in-flight, registration procedures must be first performed to facilitate the fusion of laser point data and aerial images. The corner points and edges of buildings are frequently used for the automatic registration of aerial imagery with LiDAR data. Although aerial images and LiDAR data provide powerful support for building detection, adaptive edge detection for all types of building shapes is difficult. To deal with the weakness of building edge detection and reduce matching-related computation, the study presents a novel automatic registration method for aerial images, with LiDAR data, on the basis of main-road information in urban areas. Firstly, vector road centerlines are extracted from raw LiDAR data and then projected onto related aerial images with the use of coarse exterior orientation parameters (EOPs). Secondly, the corresponding image road features of each LiDAR vector road are determined using an improved total rectangle-matching approach. Finally, the endpoints of the conjugate road features obtained from the LiDAR data and aerial images are used as ground control points in space resection adjustment to refine the EOPs; an iterative strategy is used to obtain optimal matching results. Experimental results using road features verify the feasibility, robustness and accuracy of the proposed approach. 相似文献
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大光斑激光雷达数据已广泛应用于森林冠层高度提取,但通常仅限于地形坡度小于20°的平缓地区。在地形坡度大于20°的陡峭山区,地形引起的波形展宽使得地面回波和植被回波信息混合在一起,给森林冠层高度提取带来巨大挑战。本文利用激光雷达回波模型和地形信息,提出了一种模型辅助的坡地森林冠层高度反演算法。该方法以激光雷达回波信号截止点为参考,定义了波形高度指数H50和H75,使用激光雷达回波模型与已知地形信息模拟裸地的激光雷达回波,将裸地回波信号截止点与森林激光雷达回波信号截止点对齐,利用裸地回波计算常用的波形相对高度指数RH50和RH75,对森林冠层高度进行反演。并与高斯波形分解法和波形参数法的反演结果进行了比较。研究结果表明:(1)利用所提取的波形指数RH50和RH75对胸高断面积加权平均高(Lorey’s height)进行了估算,在坡度小于20°时,高斯波形分解法、波形参数法和模型辅助法的估算结果与实测值线性拟合的相关系数(R2)分别为0.70,0.78和0.98,对应的均方根误差(RMSE)分别为2.90 m,2.48 m和0.60 m,模型辅助法略优于其他两种方法;(2)在坡度大于20°时,高斯波形分解法、波形参数法和模型辅助法的R2分别为0.14,0.28和0.97,相应的RMSE分别为4.93 m,4.53 m和0.81 m,模型辅助法明显优于其他两种方法;(3)在0°—40°时,模型辅助法对Lorey’s height估算结果与实测值的R2为0.97,RMSE为0.80 m。本研究提出的模型辅助法具有更好的地形适应性,在0°—40°的坡度范围内具备对坡地森林冠层高度反演的潜力。 相似文献
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Carlos Alberto Silva Andrew Thomas Hudak Carine Klauberg Lee Alexandre Vierling Carlos Gonzalez-Benecke Samuel de Padua Chaves Carvalho Luiz Carlos Estraviz Rodriguez Adrián Cardil 《Carbon balance and management》2017,12(1):13