共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 329 毫秒
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极化合成孔径雷达观测系统获取的影像需要经过极化定标处理才能进行定量的分析与应用。当前的极化定标方案普遍采用分布式地物解算串扰和交叉极化通道不平衡误差,需要在定标前选取满足一定散射特征的分布式地物作为定标参考样本。利用螺旋散射的极化特征与分布特点,提出了一种新的极化定标参考地物自动提取方法。该方法根据极化目标分解构建螺旋散射比率特征,并采用自适应阈值分割方法自动提取地物样本。采用C波段机载极化雷达影像进行实验,结果表明,所提方法能够保持影像极化定标的准确性,并能提高极化定标的精度。 相似文献
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2020,(1)
为了解决星载分布式干涉合成孔径雷达三维基线的高精度定标问题,提出了一种基线定标新方法。首先,该方法将辅雷达多普勒方程与辅雷达距离改化方程相结合,形成基线定标模型,再基于地面控制点,采用最小二乘迭代解算基线三个轴向误差。与基于辅雷达距离改化方程的基线定标模型相比,该基线定标模型优化了法方程系数矩阵条件数,减小了矩阵的病态程度,提高了定标精度。然后,根据基线定标实际上是利用多个地面控制点交会出基线矢量,以及增大交会角可提高交会精度的原理,给出了控制点布设策略,即在近、远距端两侧布设控制点。与均匀布设控制点方式相比,该方式能显著提高定标精度和稳健性。最后,利用星载分布式干涉合成孔径雷达仿真数据进行基线定标实验,先后开展基于不同控制点数量、不同控制点精度、不同控制点布设策略的基线定标实验。实验结果表明,该方法能实现三维基线高精度定标,对跨轨、顺轨、径向基线的定标精度能达到毫米级,可为星载分布式干涉合成孔径雷达基线定标提供一种新途径。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于准不变反射率地物的交叉定标方法,首先用MODTRAN模式从已知定标系数的影像中反演出反射率,然后计算出对应未知定标系数影像中相同准不变地物的辐射率,最后求出定标系数.将这种方法应用于CBERS-02卫星CCD影像定标,并用6S模式对CBERS-02和ETM+影像进行大气校正,比较用不同定标系数校正后的地物光谱曲线,得出在高反射率地物下,不同定标系数校正后的地物光谱曲线与ETM+的基本一致;低反射率地物下,单点定标系数误差较大,两点定标系数误差较小,用两点定标系数进行大气校正后植被信息得到明显增强. 相似文献
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光学遥感卫星影像在轨几何定标是确保影像几何质量的必要环节。首先介绍了光学卫星在轨几何定标方法的研究现状;然后,对于当前主流的基于地面几何检校场的在轨几何定标方法,结合光学卫星地面分辨率不断提高的发展趋势,阐述了其受限于对参考影像的依赖而存在的问题;最后,论述了无需地面定标场的在轨自主几何定标的发展趋势,并提出了多种基于多角度交叉约束成像的在轨自主几何定标方法构想。 相似文献
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作为机载SAR极化合成孔径雷达数据应用必不可少的步骤,SAR辐射定标将图像像素值转化为地物的后向散射系数。利用点目标进行辐射定标的方法具有简单、易于操作的特点且具有一定精度,被人们广泛应用于实际的生产中。三面角反射器稳定性较好且易于操作,并拥有较大的散射截面积,在较宽的角度变化范围内其在雷达系统中的散射截面积变化较小,所以被当成最常用的点目标定标器。本文在阐述点目标辐射定标的基础上,以四川省丹棱县为实验区域,进行基于点目标的辐射定标外定标,得出了该方法具有一定精度且简单实用的特性。 相似文献
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地面成像光谱辐射测量系统及其应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
系统介绍了自主研制的基于制冷面阵CCD地面成像光谱辐射测量系统(field Imaging spectrometer system,FISS)的成像原理,结构设计,主要指标参数和数据处理流程等。利用室内布设的精确标志点和野外测量数据纠正了FISS系统几何畸变;利用自行开发的光谱定标软件对FISS系统进行波长定标,确定了各通道中心波长和全波半高宽;在室内,以积分球为光源,对FISS系统逐波段进行了绝对辐射定标,定标精度优于5%,并建立了各种测量条件下绝对辐射定标系数查找表;最后,利用FISS系统样机进行了大量室内和野外测量实验,并基于获取的部分数据做了作物-杂草识别、近海岸海洋环境试验、牛奶品种识别和植物生化参量反演等研究。研究结果表明,FISS系统能够成功地用于上述领域的研究,并在地质、食品、农业、林业和城市等领域也具有强大的应用潜力。 相似文献
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针对ALOS PALSAR全极化数据提取了多种极化特征,分析其对人工地物、裸地、农田、林地、水体5种典型地物的提取能力。实验结果表明,利用全极化SAR影像提取的极化特征可以较好地区分城市典型地物类型,并且全极化数据的地物区分能力优于双极化数据。对于单一时相的数据分类结果而言,人工地物与其他非人工地物的极化特征差别最大,水体与林地也较容易区分,而裸地和农田容易混淆。 相似文献
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This paper describes a novel technique which determines the co-polarization channel imbalance by the use of natural bare soil, instead of a trihedral corner reflector (CR). In polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) remote sensing, the polarimetric calibration (PolCAL) is the key technique in quantitative earth parameter measurement. In general, the current PolCAL process can be separated into two parts. The first part tries to estimate the crosstalk and the cross-polarization (x-pol) channel imbalance components by the reflection symmetry and the reciprocity properties, without a CR. Then, at least one trihedral CR is required to determine the co-polarization (co-pol) channel imbalance; however, it is not always possible to deploy a CR in difficult terrain such as desert. In this paper, we utilize bare soil as a stable reference target, and four common natural constraints of bare soil are evaluated to determine the co-pol channel imbalance, without the use of a CR. It should be mentioned that we do not propose to replace the CR by a natural target, but we utilize the natural target to enhance the PolCAL accuracy when a CR is missing. The four constraints are: (1) the consistency of the polarimetric orientation angle (CPOA) between the PolSAR POA and the digital elevation model (DEM) derived POA; (2) the unitary zero POA (UZPOA) of a flat ground surface; (3) the zero helix (ZHEX) component of the ground surface; and (4) the unitary version of the previous zero helix (UZHEX). In the theoretical part of this paper, we demonstrate that the forth constraint is the most suitable in different scenes. We then propose a multi-scale algorithm to further improve the robustness of the co-pol channel imbalance determination. In the experimental part, we apply our new methods to simulated airborne SAR (AIRSAR) and real uninhabited aerial vehicle SAR (UAVSAR) data. Without the use of any CR, the recovered results show that the estimated amplitude and phase error of the co-pol channel imbalance are less than 0.5 dB and 5°, respectively. 相似文献
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P. V. Jayasri K. Niharika Manoj Joseph H. S. V. Usha Sundari Ryali C. V. Ramana Sarma E. V. S. Sita Kumari A. V. V. Prasad 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2018,46(6):1005-1012
With recent advances in polarimetry, Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) with Hybrid–polarity architecture, a demonstration of compact polarimetry enabled larger swath coverage, reduced PRF and SAR system complexity as compared to fully polarimetric systems. The first Hybrid Polarimetric Space-borne SAR in Earth Observation orbit, India’s Radar Imaging Satellite (RISAT-1) is a new-fangled gateway to remote sensing user community for land and oceanic applications. In response to a right-circular polarized transmitted signal, based on the derived stokes vectors, Stokes parameters are estimated to produce several useful quantitative measures for generating polarimetric decomposed image. m-delta, m-chi and m-alpha polarimetric decomposition methods along with suitable weighting functions in terms of three principal components are implemented which maps Stokes parameters to RGB image space for representing odd bounce, even bounce and volume scattering targets. Various RISAT-1 Hybrid Fine Resolution Stripmap Single-Look Complex SAR datasets acquired over deployed corner reflectors at calibration site, Shadnagar have been considered over which different hybrid polarimetric decomposition techniques are implemented using in-house developed software. Further analysis produced encouraging results with standard point targets like dihedral and trihedral corner reflectors against distributed targets in the same scene to demonstrate the scattering mechanisms as per their characteristics when interacted with a polarized signal were presented in this paper. 相似文献
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角反射器雷达截面积的快速准确解算是顺利开展合成孔径雷达辐射定标工作的重要基础。用于合成孔径雷达辐射定标的角反射器为电大尺寸,因此,宜采用高频近似法进行雷达截面积的仿真计算。本文利用几何光学对入射波和反射波进行射线追迹以确定每次入射场及其相对应的照明区域,然后采用Gordan面元积分法对每个照明区域求散射场并累加得到角反射器的雷达截面积,通过与文献、电磁仿真软件FEKO(FEldberechnung für körper mit beliebiger oberfläche)的仿真结果比较,证明该方法有效且简单快捷,尤其适用于电大尺寸平板角反射器雷达截面积的快速求解。 相似文献
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为了提高InSAR获取DEM的精度,实际生产作业过程中每一架次均须飞临定标场,这就要求测绘人员需要多次布设角反射器.本文针对外业重复布设角反射器耗费时间和人力的问题,提出一种新的机载双天线InSAR联合干涉参数定标算法,实现了利用一次布设的控制点同时标定多架次干涉参数,减少了野外布设角反射器的工作量.该方法首先基于敏感度方程的定标方法选择适于机载双天线InSAR数据的干涉定标参数,其次将基于局部配准的配准方法和PSInSAR中PS点选取的方法首次引入高程连接点的选取中,实现了多架次同一场景的高程衔接.最后,根据控制点和连接点高程属性的差异,建立了不同的误差方程,组成联合定标模型,并利用中国测绘科学研究院的CASMSAR-X数据进行了联合定标试验,验证了该算法的正确性和有效性. 相似文献
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相干斑的存在严重降低了全极化合成孔径雷达（polarimetric synthetic aperture radar，PolSAR）的影像质量，对相干斑进行抑制是使用PolSAR数据必不可少的预处理程序。本文提出了一种迭代优化的PolSAR非局部均值去噪方法。该方法在每次迭代去噪过程中，通过同时考虑原始影像全极化噪声统计特性和前一次迭代所得影像的全极化信息来完善像素间极化相似性的度量，从而实现对影像更精准的估计。试验部分利用模拟的PolSAR数据和真实的PolSAR影像进行了算法效果的验证。结果表明：去噪算法在显著抑制影像噪声水平的同时，也能较好地保持影像的边缘和极化特性等细节信息。 相似文献
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Differential geodetic stereo SAR with TerraSAR-X by exploiting small multi-directional radar reflectors 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Christoph Gisinger Martin Willberg Ulrich Balss Thomas Klügel Swetlana Mähler Roland Pail Michael Eineder 《Journal of Geodesy》2017,91(1):53-67
In this paper, we report on the direct positioning of small multi-directional radar reflectors, so-called octahedrons, with the synthetic aperture radar (SAR) satellite TerraSAR-X. Its highest resolution imaging mode termed staring spotlight enables the use of such octahedron reflectors with a dimension of only half a meter, but still providing backscatter equivalent to 1–2 cm observation error. Four octahedrons were deployed at Wettzell geodetic observatory, and observed by TerraSAR-X with 12 acquisitions in three different geometries. By applying our least squares stereo SAR algorithm already tested with common trihedral corner reflectors (CRs), and introducing a novel differential extension using one octahedron as reference point, the coordinates of the remaining octahedrons were directly retrieved in the International Terrestrial Reference Frame (ITRF). Contrary to our standard processing, the differential approach does not require external corrections for the atmospheric path delays and the geodynamic displacements, rendering it particularly useful for joint geodetic networks employing SAR and GNSS. In this paper, we present and discuss both methods based on results when applying them to the aforementioned Wettzell data set of the octahedrons. The comparison with the independently determined reference coordinates confirms the positioning accuracy with 2–5 cm for the standard approach, and 2–3 cm for the differential processing. Moreover, we present statistical uncertainty estimates of the observations and the positioning solutions, which are additionally provided by our parameter estimation algorithms. The results also include our 1.5 m CR available at Wettzell, and the outcomes clearly demonstrate the advantage of the multi-directional octahedrons over conventional CRs for global positioning applications with SAR. 相似文献
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综合多特征的极化SAR图像随机森林分类算法 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
为抑制相干斑噪声对极化SAR图像分类结果的干扰,本文提出一种综合多特征的极化SAR图像随机森林分类方法。该方法首先利用简单线性迭代聚类(SLIC)算法生成超像素作为分类单元;然后,基于高维极化特征图像,利用训练好的随机森林模型,统计决策树的分类投票数,计算各超像素的类别概率;最后,利用超像素间的空间邻域特征,采用概率松弛算法(PLR)迭代修正超像素的类别后验概率,并依据最大后验概率(MAP)准则得到分类结果;实现综合利用超像素和空间邻域特征,降低相干斑噪声干扰的极化SAR图像分类方法。实验对比结果表明:本文方法能得有效抑制极化SAR图像中相干斑噪声的干扰,得到高精度且光滑连续的分类结果。 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(4):334-344
This paper presents a supervised polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) change detection method applied to specific land cover types. For each pixel of a PolSAR image, its target scattering vector can be modeled as having a complex multivariate normal distribution. Based on this assumption, the joint distribution of two corresponding vectors in a pair of PolSAR images is derived. Then, a generalized likelihood ratio test statistic for the equality of two likelihood functions of such joint distribution is considered and a maximum likelihood distance measure for specific land cover types is presented. Subsequently, the Kittler and Illingworth minimum error threshold segmentation method is applied to extract the specific changed areas. Experiments on two repeat-pass Radarsat-2 fully polarimetric images of Suzhou, China, demonstrate that the proposed change detection method gives a good performance in determining the specific changed areas in PolSAR images, especially the areas that have changed to water. 相似文献
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Topographic variations caused by the range and the azimuth terrain slopes induce polarization orientation changes which cause the polarization to rotate about the line of sight. The existence of these variations reduce the accuracy measurement of geophysical parameters from polarimetric synthetic aperture radar (PolSAR) images. For this reason most inversion studies are best done in area of flat earth. In area which has significant terrain variations require compensation for topography. In real situations, terrain slopes rotate the polarization basis of the polarimetric scattering matrices by an orientation angle shift, and induce significant cross-polarization power. In this paper, two methods have been investigated using the polarimetric orientation angle (PAO): the first one involves the rotation of the polarimetric scattering and coherency matrices to achieve maximum azimuthally asymmetry for polarimetric data compensation to ensure accurate estimation of geophysical parameters in rugged terrain areas. The second approach has been developed which measures azimuth and range terrain slopes that are related to shifts in polarization orientation angle. Terrain elevation maps relative to a plane parallel to the radar line of sight can then be generated by integrating these slopes requiring only one PolSAR flight pass by combing orientation angle estimation and a shape-from-shading technique (SFS) which is mostly used by the computer vision community. Experimental results with C-band polarimetric RADARSAT2 data are used evaluate the data compensation algorithm and DEM generation. 相似文献