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地壳形变与地下水异常关系研究进展 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
地壳形变异常是地壳构造变动中直接的表现，也是物理含义最为明确的地震前兆之一。地下水异常能够提供多种形式的构造活动过程(包括地震)。这两类异常能够以不同的力式和特点反映出地震孕育过程中伴随的前兆信息，并成为地震预报的重要手段；而它们之间既相互联系又相互影响。因此，对两类异常关系的研究对于识别地震前兆特别是短临前兆至关重要。归类了地震孕育模型及其前兆异常机理，并对前兆异常机理进行归纳整理和简述，然后从机理和前兆方面综述了地壳形变与地下水异常关系的研究成果。 相似文献
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对砂层应力仪产出的数据进行分析,发现影响数据分析的主要因素包括高频与低频信息中的噪声、观测信号的背景性变化、地震前兆的趋势异常与短期异常等。为识别与消除干扰提取不同频率的信息,采用小波分析方法对信号进行了处理。 相似文献
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关于地震前兆的判据问题 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
邱泽华 《大地测量与地球动力学》2010,30(Z2)
地震前兆是地震预报的基础,这个基础是由一些个案构成的.应该把地震前兆研究放在地震预报研究之前.对地震前兆的识别需要判据.不能把权威学者的只言片语或者流行的假说当作判别地震前兆的最终凭据,而且目前不具备进行地震前兆统计的基本条件.综合人们以往的认识,识别地震前兆异常有3个自然判据:1)有正常背景;2)非干扰影响;3)与地震相关.其中,与地震相关是核心.可靠的地震前兆判定需要精确的观测资料.对地震前兆判据的研究对制定地震研究规划和观测规范都有指导作用. 相似文献
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应用地震连续形变观测技术有效监测地震前兆 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依据地震观测技术的基本原理和大量观测事实,给出统一的地震连续形变观测技术仪器的特性曲线,分析和解释其对“前兆”信息响应差异的根本原因。地震连续形变前兆仪器对地震及其前兆响应的差异是因为仪器的传递函数不同和特性所致;其前兆观测中的分钟值采样数据中发现的震颤异常波,只是真实信号的一种“混叠”或映射,难以反映真实的地面运动。强震前的震颤异常波是否与地震有关？是否是震兆？尚需做更深入细致的分析和研究。 相似文献
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采用形变速率、静压订正及固体潮调和分析等方法从多种形变资料中提取粤闽交界地区地震形变的中期前兆信息，并据此研究了形变异常的特征。最后，从形变机理、异常信息合成及信息可信度评估等方面讨论了该区地震形变前兆的可信度。认为该区震前形变速率及地壳物性等反常变化可视作地震形变的中期前兆，震兆异常具有准同步群体性、发展阶段性和空间分布密集性等异常时空分布特征，震兆可信度达０．５以上 相似文献
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利用“地震预报计算机专家系统”的思想对大同 -阳高 Ms6 .1地震前每一前兆异常事件进行综合评估 ,以每一异常的最可能发震时间来计算发震概率 ,利用地震前兆综合加权信息熵研究了系统熵值与地震的关系。对华北地区的地震前兆综合加权信息熵研究表明 ,在大同 -阳高 Ms6 .1地震前 ,信息熵出现了明显的减熵有序变化 相似文献
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本文采用从观测序列中分离“系统性倾斜”的数据处理方法,分析了邛海地倾斜观测系统对于异常倾斜的识别能力问题,初步评价了该观测系统的地震前兆效益。结果表明,该观测系统似乎对一定范围内M≥5.0级地震的前兆倾斜反应敏感,其前兆效益优于目前国内一般的跨断层形变测量手段。 相似文献
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本文利用模糊模式识别的直接方法处理了1975年海城7.3级地震,1976年唐山7.8级地震和1989年大同6.1级地震前震中及其周围地区的短水准观测资料,取得了较好的效果。该方法具有排除干扰和提取地震异常的功能,且物理意义清楚,计算简便,可以作为观测数据处理的一种常用方法。用模糊识别对唐山和大同地震前短水准异常分析后,发现震中位于高异常从属度区附近,且前兆异常的出现与地震活动异常有良好的相关性,震前还有明显的异常频次峰值。 相似文献
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报道了云南玉溪市杯湖机井使用地下水动态光纤监测系统样机对井水混浊度微观定量自动监测情况，并对其结果与高精度水温、地电等地震前兆以及气温、气压、降雨等气象因素和地震活动性进行了相关分析。结果表明：混浊度异常与邻近井及本身的水温异常有良好的相关性，与地电等有关地震前兆和地震活动性有一定程度的相关，而与气象因素没有明显的关系。 相似文献
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信息合成方法及其应用研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
论述了自单项资料处理到信息合成的一套方法，利用形变、应变、地电中的五个单项资料进行了信息合成的计算，结果表明，该方法有效地提高了前兆信息水平，产生了信息增益，对用各种前兆手段进行综合预报地震的研究以及用信息合成的理论进行各种灾害预测的研究有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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Based on the hydrographic data in austral summer during the 22nd Antarctic Expedition of China(2005/2006),some features can be found about the northern margin of Emery ice shelf as follows.The heat content in the surface layer(0-50 m) at the eastern end and the western end of the ice-shelf margin is much higher than that at the middle.The upper mixing-layer depth and the seasonal thermocline depth at the middle of the ice-shelf northern margin are much shallower than those at the both ends.However there is much less difference between the middle and the ends in the bottom layer.The remote sensing photos show that the inhomogeneity in the surface-layer water is closely related to the spatial distribution of the floes and polynia in the area. 相似文献
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Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rDNA of 8 strains of cultivable bacteria isolated from Arctic sea-ice was studied.The results showed that strain BJ1 belonged to genus Planococcus,which was a genus of low mole percent G C gram-positive bacteria;strain BJ6 belonged to genus Burkholderia of β-proteobacteria and the rest 6 strain all belonged to γ-proteobacteria,of which strain BJ8 was a species of Pseudoalteromonas,strain BJ2-BJ5 and BJ7 were members of genus Psychrobacter.Phylogenetic analysis also indicated that bacteria of genus Psychrobacter of the isolates formed a relatively independent phylogenetic cluster in comparison with other bacteria belonged to genus Psychrobacter. 相似文献
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《极地研究(英文版)》2014,(3)
正1 Aims and Scope Advances in Polar Science(APS)is an international,peer-reviewed journal jointly sponsored by the Polar Research Institute of China and the Chinese Arctic and Antarctic Administration.APS is a comprchensive academic journal dedicated to presentation of multi-disciplinary achievements in Arctic and Antarctic expeditions and research.Its primary purpose is to publish achievements in fundamental research,applied 相似文献
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《山地科学学报》2014,(4):I0004-I0009
<正>AIMS AND SCOPE(Editorial Policy)The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS)is devoted to mountains and their surrounding lowlands-ecoregions of particular global importance,with a particular emphasis on the important highlands/mountains in the world,such as the Tibetan Plateau,the Himalayas,the Alps,the Andes,the Rockies and many other mountain ranges of our planet. 相似文献
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《山地科学学报》2014,(4)
<正>The Journal of Mountain Science(JMS),founded in2004,is an international English-language journal on mountain sciences.JMS is supervised by the Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS),sponsored by the Chengdu Institute of Mountain Hazards and Environment,CAS,published by Science Press China,and distributed by Springer exclusively throughout the world(excluding Mainland China).The JMS is published bimonthly,fulltexted in SpringerLink and CNKI,indexed/abstracted by 相似文献
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Livestock behaviour in the Pyrenees includes free grazing and a long resting period that provokes the accumulation of dung and urine in some places,so-called camping areas. The aims of this study were （i） to analyze any change in floral composition,and in nutritional and chemical contents of plants in a livestock camping area; and （ii） to relate the floral composition with soil chemical properties. In a linear transect,five sampling zones were established,from the centre of the camping area to the surrounding Nardus stricta-dominant pasture. The above ground plant biomass and the topsoil were sampled in each zone with 6 replicates per zone. Plant species were classified and weighed to calculate above ground biomass,nutritional and chemical contents,and Shannon diversity and evenness indices. Additionally,soils were sampled in two periods,at the beginning and at the end of grazing period. Soil available nutrients （nitrate,ammonium,phosphorus,potassium,calcium and magnesium）,total nitrogen,organic carbon and pH were measured.
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien 相似文献
Plant chemical contents （protein,lignin and others） were significantly related to the proportions of grasses,legumes and other plants; so,the protein content is positively correlated with legumes plant biomass while lignin content is negatively correlated with grasses. Both plant and soil nutrients increased linearly towards the centre of the camping area. However,the relationship among plant species richness,diversity and evenness relative to its position along the studied transect was bell-shaped. From the outskirts to the centre of the camping area,plants with low nutrient demand were progressively replaced by those with medium and high nutrients demand and by pioneers.
Nardus stricta-dominant pasture has low plant diversity and plant nutrient content as well as a poor soil nutrient availability. The presence of the camping area introduced patches with more soil nutrients and new species in the large spatial scale. However at a small spatial scale,the strong soil nutrien 相似文献
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文章概略介绍了利用卫星进行定位的原理 ;由卫星信号传播、信号接收和SA政策等引起的理论误差 ;给出了多种快速、高精度定位的工作模式和观测点选择的原则 ;列出了将WGS - 84坐标转换为我国坐标的公式及解算参数的具体方法 ,供读者在GPS工作中参考。 相似文献