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面向飞行器导航需求,针对传统空地环境警告信息繁杂导致情境意识薄弱和决策时间长等瓶颈问题,建立了机场环境威胁态势信息在语义空间的统一表示模型,提出了对多源、多尺度、多种分布类型的机场空地环境信息在语义空间的统一建模与动态更新方法,实现了从实时接入的动态观测数据中深度搜索威胁态势信息,并达到信息快速组织与检索的目的。从林芝机场的数据建模和实验结果表明,该方法能精准、高效的建立面向飞行器导航应用的动态机场环境威胁态势图。 相似文献
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研究影响寻路行为的人为因素,对于提升智能导航服务的用户体验具有重要意义。从心理旋转、抽象推理、空间短时记忆和空间感知4种能力出发,设计空间认知对照实验,探究空间认知能力与寻路绩效之间的相关性。研究结果表明:（1）4种空间认知能力之间弱相关,且按空间尺度部分分离。相同尺度空间的认知能力,即心理旋转能力和抽象推理能力、短时记忆能力和空间感知能力的相关性较强,不同尺度空间的认知能力相关性较弱。（2）心理旋转能力和抽象推理能力对寻路绩效有较高的拟合显著性水平。考虑多因素联合作用,虚拟场景中,心理旋转能力对寻路绩效影响最大,空间感知能力影响最小;真实场景中,空间感知能力对寻路绩效影响最大,短时记忆能力影响最小。（3）寻路表现具有显著的场景效应,在虚拟和真实场景中各项能力因子对寻路绩效拟合的决定系数明显不同。该研究结果为基于虚拟场景的行人导航研究的有效性提供了实证参考,也可为设计顾及人因的导航服务提供依据。 相似文献
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针对现有视障行人出行辅助方法缺乏对环境感知和路径动态优化的有效结合，视障导航缺乏有效动态避障手段的问题，该文提出一种场景语义感知的视障行人导航路径优化方法。该方法根据双目视觉感知周边障碍物的位置及特征，结合场景语义信息和三维坐标建立视障人群与环境的局部感知地图模型，利用改进的人工势场算法动态规划视障行人安全路径。实验结果表明，该文构建的感知地图模型在10 m内的平均坐标误差为2.49%。相比A*算法，改进人工势场算法的路径盲道利用率从7.85%提高到58.39%,最高路径碰撞系数从0.55降低到了0.24,具有更高的安全性和导航辅助能力。该方法能够有效增加视障行人导航方法的场景语义感知能力，提高视障导航路径规划的安全性。 相似文献
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电离层作为近地空间环境的重要组成部分,对电波通信、卫星导航定位等都有重要影响。监测电离层形态结构有助于对电离层时空演化特征的理解及其建模和预测。随着全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS)的快速发展,GNSS电离层监测已成为重要的研究和应用方向。系统介绍了GNSS多维电离层监测及其应用的研究现状和进展,主要包括空基/地基GNSS联合反演电离层特征参数、层析技术反演电离层三维结构、电离层延迟建模、电离层异常扰动监测及机理认知等内容。 相似文献
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随着人类空间探测技术的不断发展,月球与深空探测已成为测绘遥感科学与技术的前沿和新战场。在多类型深空探测任务的驱动下,测绘遥感技术也得到了新的发展。本文结合国内外深空探测的各类任务,对地外天体环绕遥感测图、着陆导航遥感避障、巡视环境感知与视觉导航定位方面的研究现状和成果进行了系统总结;结合未来月球与深空探测任务需求,对深空遥感测绘技术的发展,包括地外天体海量全球遥感数据智能处理、全球控制网精化、月球南极精细三维形貌测绘、多传感器融合的着陆导航避障和巡视环境感知与定位等进行了探讨。 相似文献
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GIS空间关系描述模型研究综述 总被引：14，自引：4，他引：10
空间关系是GIS的重要理论问题之一,在GIS数据建模、空间查询、空间分析、空间推理、制图综合、地图理解等过程中起着重要作用。目前国际上对空间关系的研究主要集中在空间关系的语义问题、空间关系描述、空间关系表达、基于空间关系的查询分析等方面。而其中对空间关系的描述更是见人见智。本文主要论述了空间关系描述的研究进展和成果。 相似文献
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In light of the many improvements within 3D urban modeling and Location‐Based Services, this article provides a timely review of the state‐of‐the‐art on integrating indoor and outdoor spaces in pedestrian navigation guidance aids. With people moving seamlessly between buildings and surrounding areas, navigation guidance tools should extend from merely outdoor or indoor guidance, to provide support in the combined indoor‐outdoor context. This article first examines the challenges and complexities of integrating indoor and outdoor spaces into a single navigation system. Next, by using objective selection criteria, 36 relevant studies were withheld and further reviewed on their specific developments in data model requirements, and algorithmic and context support for integrated IO navigation systems. This review shows that the challenges of dealing with both indoor and outdoor space structures, while taking into account pedestrian's freer use of space, currently complicate the proposition of a unified IO space concept for navigation. However, there are some ongoing developments (e.g. context definitions, algorithmic extensions, increased data availability, growing awareness of pedestrians’ perception during wayfinding) that will help to bring outdoor and indoor spaces closer together in the realm of combined geospatial analysis. 相似文献
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提出了一种构建室内行人通行网络的方法,利用矢量建筑图自动构建室内建筑、地标的可视关系,建立行人导航通行规则,支持室内导航路径规划。实验结果表明,此方法能够有效描述室内行人通行规则,并满足拓扑网络构建的实时性需求,减少大规模存储与维护室内路网的压力。在此基础上提出了一种多目标导航路径优化算法,该算法时间开销较低,能够实时地进行路径规划,得到的最优路径与最短路径相比具有更高的地标可见性和覆盖率。 相似文献
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Pedestrian navigation has become an important theoretical and practical research topic in many disciplines such as cartography, geographical information science, global and indoor positioning, spatial behavior, psychology, sociology, and neuroscience. Many research studies view pedestrian navigation using process-oriented and goal-directed approaches. However, this paper revisits people’s needs in pedestrian navigation and classifies their needs as three layers: physical sense layer, physiological safety layer, and mental satisfaction layer according to Maslow’s theory. This paper introduces a people-centric framework for pedestrian navigation theory based on these three layers and discusses theoretical challenges for meeting each layer of people’s needs. These challenging theories may represent promising and valuable research and promote usage of pedestrian navigation systems or devices in the future. 相似文献
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行人路网的完整性和准确性是保障步行导航服务的关键。当前的行人路网大多是基于室外道路设施构建的,缺乏室内可步行路径的数据支持,无法在导航应用中提供准确、真实的最优路径规划服务。鉴于此,本文提出了一种基于众源数据的室内外一体化行人路网构建方法,采用智能手机定位传感器与惯性传感器记录的众源轨迹,首先对缺失或者漂移的室内步行数据进行筛选,然后使用改进的行人航位推算(PDR)方法推算出准确的室内轨迹,进而采用莫尔斯理论生成涵盖室内外行人路径的完整行人路网。试验分析中对搜集到的260条步行轨迹数据进行行人路网构建,并使用高精度测量设备采集真实路网数据进行对比分析,结合OSM数据对试验结果进行综合评价。试验结果表明,本文方法能够准确、完整地生成室内外一体化行人路网。 相似文献
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Various network model creation algorithms have been introduced to demonstrate a better approximation of the actual walking pattern and to provide a better wayfinding guide. However, it is under‐investigated which algorithm creates the most appropriate indoor navigation network model in the context of wayfinding applications. Due to the lack of discussion, some studies unconsciously extended an algorithm designed for creating an outdoor navigation network model to indoor space applications. This is problematic because indoor space has different spatial contexts from outdoor space, such as non‐linear space and no‐designated walking space. Our solution is to select five well‐known algorithms that have been introduced, to reproduce the algorithm for the automated construction of the indoor navigation network model, and to evaluate the applicability of algorithms for indoor wayfinding applications. This article compares the quality of wayfinding results from the output of the indoor navigation network model against two criteria: route efficiency (i.e., length) and route simplicity (i.e., number of directions). Our statistical analysis illustrates that the visibility graph algorithm is the most appropriate for indoor wayfinding applications. 相似文献
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在智能手机和互联网的普及状态下，对高精度定位技术的需求也更加显著，精确定位服务已渗透到各个领域，如物联网、无人驾驶、机器快递员、应急救援等。在室外环境下，这些服务大多由全球卫星导航系统提供；然而，在深山丛林、矿井隧道、地下室等室内环境下，由于信号衰减及多径效应的影响，GPS无法正常工作。本文针对一些特殊的室内场景，研究了基于松耦合滤波的视觉惯性融合导航方法，设计了一个面向智能手机平台的室内行人定位系统。该方法视觉前端采用了快速、稳健的稀疏直接法，后端采用了扩展卡尔曼滤波器来融合惯性信息，能够有效融合视觉和惯性信息，达到恢复单目视觉尺度、提高稳健性的效果，实现了高精度的室内行人定位。 相似文献
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Jinjin Yan Abdoulaye A. Diakit Sisi Zlatanova Mitko Aleksandrov 《Transactions in GIS》2020,24(2):371-389
Outdoor navigation is widely used in daily life, but faces various issues related to the fidelity of outdoor navigation networks. For instance, agents (pedestrians) are often guided via unrealistic detours around places without clear paths (e.g., squares) or if there are vertical constraints such as overpasses/bridges. This is partly explained by the fact that the main sources of navigation networks in current outdoor navigation are two‐dimensional road/street networks. Utilizing a three‐dimensional space‐based navigation model, compatible with some indoor approaches, is a popular way to address the above‐mentioned issues. A 3D space‐based navigation model is generated by treating 3D spaces as nodes and the shared faces as edges. Inputs of this model are enclosed 3D spaces (volumes). However, outdoor spaces are generally open and unbounded. This article puts forward an approach to enclose outdoor spaces and mimic the indoor environments to derive a network based on connectivity and accessibility of spaces. The approach uses 2.5D maps and consists of three major steps: object footprint determination, footprint classification and space creation. Two use cases demonstrate the proposed approach. Enclosing outdoor spaces opens a new research direction toward providing seamless indoor/outdoor navigation for a range of agents. 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(2):107-116
GPS-based pedestrian navigation systems have become increasingly popular. Different interface technologies can be used to communicate/convey route directions to pedestrians. This paper aims to empirically study the influence of different interface technologies on spatial knowledge acquisition in the context of GPS-based pedestrian navigation. A field experiment was implemented to address this concern. Firstly, the suitability of the evaluation methods in assessing spatial knowledge acquisition was analyzed empirically (focusing on the ability of differentiating “familiar” and “unfamiliar” participants). The suitable methods were then used to compare the influence of mobile maps, augmented reality, and voice on spatial learning. The field test showed that in terms of spatial knowledge acquisition, the three interface technologies led to comparable results, which were not significantly different from each other. The results bring some challenging issues for consideration when designing mobile pedestrian navigation systems. 相似文献
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