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1.
Shahrokh Pourbeyranvand 《Acta Geophysica》2018,66(6):1273-1290
The Alborz is one of the most important seismotectonic provinces in Iran. Furthermore, emplacement of Tehran as a mega city in southern part of the Alborz intensifies the seismic vulnerability in this area. In this study, the focal mechanism data from teleseismic and local seismic networks are used for stress tensor inversion. The earthquake focal mechanisms in the Central Alborz are divided into several groups with respect to their location. Two different stress tensor inversions, linear and nonlinear, are used for obtaining the principal stress orientations. The results show spatial variations in tectonic stress field, consistent with fault orientations and faulting mechanisms. The maximum compressional stress directions obtained in this study are confirmed by fast S-wave polarization axes reported by a previous shear wave splitting study. The maximum horizontal stress directions are also compared with GPS strain rates. The results indicate a partitioning of deformation in the area due to regional stresses along preexisting faults. 相似文献
2.
Ali K. Abdel-Fattah Saad M. Mogren Sattam Almadani 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2016,60(2):268-279
The relative movement between African, Arabian and Eurasian plates has significantly controlled the tectonic process of Sinai subplate region, although its kinematics and precise boundaries are still doubtful. The respective subplate bounded on both sides by the Aqaba-Dead Sea transform fault to the east and the Gulf of Suez, the only defined part, to the west. Seismicity parameters, moment magnitude relation and fault plane solutions were combined to determine the active tectonics along the aforementioned boundaries. Seven shallow seismogenic zones were defined by the heterogeneity in stress field orientations. Along the eastern boundary, the average fault plane solution obtained from the moment tensor summation (MTS) reveals a sinistral strike-slip faulting mechanism. The corresponding seismic strain rate tensor showed that the present tectonic stress producing earthquakes along the boundary is dominated by both NW-SE compression and NE-SW dilatation. Towards the north, the average focal mechanism showed a normal faulting mechanism of N185°E compression and an N94°E extension in the Carmel Fairi seismic zone. On the other hand, the active crustal deformation along the western boundary (Gulf of Suez region) showed a prevailing tensional stress regime of NE to ENE orientations; producing an average fault plane solution of normal faulting mechanism. The seismic strain rate tensor reveals a dominant stress regime of N58°E extension and N145°E compression in consistence with the general tectonic nature in northeastern Africa. Finally, the extensional to strike-slip stress regimes obtained in the present study emphasize that the deformation accommodated along the Sinai subplate boundaries are in consistence with the kinematics models along the plate boundaries representing the northern extremity part of the Red Sea region. 相似文献
3.
Han-Shou Liu 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1983,32(2):146-159
The stress field in the Earth's crust as inferred from satellite gravity data causes crustal deformation and seismotectonic block movements in central Europe. The satellite-determined stresses in the crust of central Europe are consistent with earthquake focal mechanisms, joint-orientation and in situ stress measurements. 相似文献
4.
Tectonic stress regime in the Shillong plateau, northeast region of India, is examined by stress tensor inversion. Some 97 reliable fault plane solutions are used for stress inversion by the Michael and Gauss methods. Although an overall NNW-SSE compressional stress is observed in the area, the stress regime varies from western part to eastern part of the plateau. The eastern part of the plateau is dominated by NNE-SSW compression and the western part by NNW-SSE compression. The NNW-SSE compression in the western part may be due to the tectonic loading induced by the Himalayan orogeny in the north, and the NNE-SSW compression in the eastern part may be attributed to the influence of oblique convergence of the Indian plate beneath the Indo-Burma ranges. Further, Gravitational Potential Energy (GPE) derived stress also indicates a variation from west to east. 相似文献
5.
基于搜集到的2000—2018年滇西北地区MS≥3.0地震的震源机制解,运用线性叠加反演法进行应力场反演,分析了滇西北地区现今的构造应力状态,进一步探讨了应力张量方差的时空分布与地震活动的关系。结果显示:① 滇西北地区地震的震源机制解类型复杂,主要以走滑型（46%）为主,正断型（27%）次之;② 研究区的构造应力场具有整体的一致性和局部的非均匀性,呈现为NNW向挤压和ENE向拉张的走滑型应力结构,说明研究区受到来自NNW向的水平挤压作用,对该地区上地壳运动和断裂活动起主导作用;③ 滇西北地区的应力张量方差大都小于0.2,除北部一些地区外,应力场基本处于均匀状态。根据应力张量方差随时间的变化和后续地震可知,中强地震大都发生在应力张量方差值低于0.2的情形,且主要发生在应力张量方差减小即震源机制解趋于一致的过程中。空间上这些地震基本都发生在应力张量方差的低值分布区及其边缘,这一结果有助于判定发震地点和了解区域应力集中增强过程。 相似文献
6.
Based on the studies of earthquake activity, tectonic movement, crustal shortening rate, fault activity, local stress field and historical characteristics of strong earthquake activities in Xinjiang, we divide the south part of Xinjiang into 4 seismotectonic zones, namely, the eastern segment of south Tianshan seismic belt, the Kalpin block, the Kashi-Wuqia junction zone, and the west Kunlun Mountains seismic belt. Using earthquake catalogues from Xinjiang since 1900, and on the basis of integrity analysis of earthquake records in different magnitude ranges, the seismicity state of different seismotectonic zones is analyzed quantificationally by calculating the mean value of annual strain energy release, annual rate of earthquakes with different lower limits of magnitude, b-value, and the parameter m of accelerating strain release model. The characteristic indexes of seismicity state for each of the seismic tectonic zones are then determined, which provide a quantitative basis for earthquake tendency analysis and judgment. 相似文献
7.
为了研究海沟型巨大地震发生机制及其构造动力学特征，详细研究了地震活动与震源机制结果，根据地震俯冲带几何形状及其内应力场区域特征，南海海槽下的俯冲带可划分为两段: 东部的四国-纪伊半岛段和西部的九州段. 东部的菲律宾海板块地震俯冲带呈现出低角度俯冲(10°～22°)，且俯冲深度相当浅(60～85km)的特征;而西部九州段的俯冲带为高角度俯冲(40°)，且俯冲深度较深(160km). 东、西部俯冲带内部应力场也截然不同. 东部的四国大部分地区和纪伊半岛的俯冲带内表现为俯冲压缩型应力场， 而西部的九州段则为明显的俯冲拉张型应力场. 本文在综合分析了重力异常、GPS、热流量等地球物理观测结果后指出，南海海槽东部， 即四国-纪伊半岛以南的海槽区域， 具有与智利海沟极其相似的地震发生板块构造动力学背景和高应力积累等特征， 属于年轻活动俯冲带的高应力型俯冲. 而西部的九州段，虽然也是海沟型地震活动区， 但不具有大地震发生的构造动力学背景和高应力积累， 不属于年轻活动俯冲带的高应力型俯冲. 俯冲带年龄的不同很可能是造成南海海槽东、西段板块构造动力学以及应力场不同的根本原因之一. 相似文献
8.
E. Mantovani N. Cenni D. Albarello M. Viti D. Babbucci C. Tamburelli F. D'Onza 《Journal of Geodynamics》2001,31(5):190
The highly heterogeneous strain field indicated by neotectonic and seismological data in the central-eastern Mediterranean region has been reproduced, at a first approximation, by finite element modelling, of a 2D elastic thin plate. The zone considered is modelled as a mosaic of poorly deformable zones decoupled by highly deformable belts, simulating the major tectonic structures indicated by geological and geophysical evidence. The deformation of the model is obtained by imposing kinematic boundary conditions, representative of the motion of Africa and eastern Anatolia relative to Eurasia. Experiments carried out with different boundary conditions and model parameterisations have provided information on the sensitivity of the model and some insights into the geodynamic behavior of the study area. The deformation pattern of the central Mediterranean area is strongly conditioned by the mechanical properties assumed in the border zones between the Aegean and Adriatic systems. The match of the complex strain pattern observed in the western Anatolian–Aegean–Balkan zones is significantly favoured if high rigidity is assigned to the inner part of this structural system. A motion of Africa with respect to Eurasia compatible with an Eulerian pole located offshore Portugal best accounts for the observed strains in the central Mediterranean region. The match of the strongly heterogeneous strain field observed in the study area can hardly be achieved by simplified models not including major tectonic features and lateral heterogeneity of mechanical properties. The kinematic field resulting from the model configuration which best simulates the observed strain field presents some differences with respect to geodetic measurements in the Aegean–Western Anatolian area, where the computed velocities are systematically lower than the geodetic ones. It is suggested that the most plausible explanation of such differences is related to the fact that the present deformation pattern, inferred from geodetic data, may be different from the middle–long term one, inferred from seismological and geological data. 相似文献
9.
CHARACTERISTICS OF FOCAL MECHANISMS AND STRESS FIELD IN THE EASTERN BOUNDARY OF SICHUAN-YUNNAN BLOCK AND ITS ADJACENT AREA 
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下载免费PDF全文 This study is devoted to a systematic analysis of the stress state of the eastern boundary area of Sichuan-Yunnan block based on focal mechanisms of 319 earthquakes with magnitudes between M3.0 and M6.9, occurring from January 2009 to May 2018. We firstly determined the mechanism solutions of 234 earthquakes by the CAP method, using the broadband waveforms recorded by Chinese regional permanent networks, and collected 85 centroid moment tensor solutions from the GCMT. Then we investigated the regional stress regime through a damp linear inversion. Our results show that:1)the focal mechanisms of moderate earthquakes are regionally specific with three principal types of focal mechanisms:the strike-slip faulting type, the thrust faulting type and the normal faulting type. The strike-slip faulting type is significant in the eastern boundary area of Sichuan-Yunnan block along the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault, the Daliangshan Fault, and the Zhaotong-Lianfeng Fault. The thrust faulting type and the combined thrust/strike-slip faulting type are significant along the Mabian-Yanjin Fault, Ebian-Yanfeng Fault and the eastern section of Lianfeng Fault; 2)The most robust feature of the regional stress regime is that, the azimuth of principal compressive stress axis rotates clockwise from NWW to NW along the eastern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan Block, and the clockwise rotation angle is about 50 degrees. Meanwhile, the angels between the principal compressive axis and the trend of eastern boundary of Sichuan-Yunnan Block remain unchanged, which implies a stable coefficient of fault friction in the eastern boundary fault zone of Sichuan-Yunnan Block. The movement of the upper crust in the southeastern Tibetan plateau is a relatively rigid clockwise rotation. On the whole, the Xianshuihe-Xiaojiang Fault is a small arc on the earth, and its Euler pole axis is at(21°N, 88°E). The Daliangshan Fault is surrounded by the Anninghe-Zemuhe Fault, which formed a closed diamond shape. When the Sichuan-Yunnan block rotates clockwise, the Daliangshan Fault locates in the outer of the arc, while the Anninghe-Zemuhe Fault is in the inward of the arc, and from the mechanical point of view, left-lateral sliding movement is more likely to occur on the Daliangshan Fault. Our results can be the evidence for the study on the "cut-off" function of the Daliangshan Fault based on the stress field background; 3)The regional stress regime of the eastern boundary faults zone of the Sichuan-Yunnan Block is the same as the south section of the Dalianshan Fault, and the focal mechanism results also reveal that the Dalianshan Fault is keeping left-lateral strike-slip. There may be the same tectonic stress field that controls the earthquake activities in the southern section of Daliangshan Fault and Zhaotong-Lianfeng Fault. The regional stress regime of Zhaodong-Lianfeng Fault is also the same with the Sichuan-Yunnan Block, which implies that the control effect of the SE movement of the Sichuan-Yunnan block may extend to Weining. 相似文献
10.
由现今小震资料研究琼北地区区域应力场和发震构造 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用2000年以来海南地震台网记录的琼北地区的波形资料,采用双差法对103个地震进行重新定位,采用振幅比方法测定震源机制.在此基础上,反演了琼北地区的区域应力场,由震源位置拟合出两个震源断层面,并且计算在区域应力场作用下的滑动方式.对照历史大震的等震线,WNW走向的震源断层位于极震区中部稍偏东的地方,与等震线长轴方向相同,表明该震源断层是1605年琼山大震的发震构造;高倾角震源断层的北东盘向东南斜下方滑动,对于该盘NNW象限产生强烈拉张,以致出现罕见的陆陷成海现象.另外一条NS向震源断层恰好位于第四系火山岩和第四系盆地交界处,是区域升降运动最为强烈的地方,正断层类型的震源断层东盘下降,与沉积盆地一致.研究表明由现今小震反演的两条震源断层分别与历史大震及构造运动有关,而与浅表断裂并不重合,存在深浅构造不协调的现象. 相似文献
11.
Seismicity along the western part of the Eurasia–Nubia plate boundary displays very complex patterns. The average motion is transtensional in the Azores, dextral along the Gloria transform zone and convergent between the SW Portuguese Atlantic margin and the Ibero-Maghrebian zone. To constrain the factors controlling the seismicity, we provide a new seismotectonic synthesis using several earthquakes. We show that the study area can be divided into six different regions, with each characterised by a coherent seismicity pattern. The total seismic moment tensor and the average slip velocities are provided for each region. To determine the spatial distribution of the seismicity, we computed the slip vector for each earthquake based on its focal mechanism and compared it to the relative velocity between the Eurasian and Nubian plates, deduced from global kinematic models. Despite local departures in the Alboran Sea and near the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, we found a good correlation between these two independent vector sets. Quantitatively, the slip velocities display a linear, non-affine correlation with the norms of the relative kinematic velocities. The norms of the slip velocities also seem to depend on the tectonic regime and on the morphology of the plate boundary. 相似文献
12.
In this study we investigate present-day seismicity and crustal deformation of Egypt based on a comprehensive earthquake catalog
from 1900 to 2004 by focal mechanism stress inversion and by recent GPS observations. Spatial distribution of earthquake epicenters
indicates that Egypt has been suffered from both interplate and intraplate earthquakes. Most earthquake activity (more than
70%) has been concentrated in northern Egypt along the geologically documented borders of Sinai subplate (northern Red Sea
and its two branches Suez rift and Aqaba–Dead Sea transform). The majority of inland earthquake focal mechanisms in Egypt
are normal with strike-slip component or strike-slip faulting events. Only a small minority, namely four events, exhibits
reverse faulting. The inversion method of Gephart and Forsyth (1984) was applied to calculate the orientation of the principle
stress axes and the shape of the stress tensor. The best fitting tensor in Egypt shows homogeneity stress field. The tension
stress regime is dominant in northern Egypt. The stress directions are well resolved by the 95% confidence limits, the relative
stress magnitude has a value of about 0.3. However, along southern Egypt the strike-slip regime is dominant. The shape factor
(R-value) is 0.5, which means that the deviatoric components of σ1 and σ3 are of the same magnitude, but of opposite signs. The average horizontal velocity of GPS stations in Egypt is 5.15± 1.1 mm/year
in mostly NNW direction. The results of deformation analysis indicate that the northern Egypt is deformed more than the southern
part. Only the Egyptian-Mediterranean coastal–Nile Delta zone dominates as a compression deformation area. However, an extensional
deformation has been observed throughout the rest of country. This means that the relative motion of African plate with respect
to both Eurasian and Arabian has highly controlled the deformation processes in Egypt. 相似文献
13.
Wathiq Abdulnaby Hanan Mahdi Nazar M. S. Numan Haydar Al-Shukri 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》2014,171(7):1237-1250
Northern Iraq represents part of the convergent plate boundary between the Arabian and Eurasian plates. The collision zone between these two plates is manifested by the Bitlis–Zagros Fold and Thrust Belt. This belt is one of the most seismically active regions among the present active belts. This study intends to improve our knowledge on the seismotectonic activities in northern Iraq and the surrounding areas. To reach this goal, we used the waveform moment tensor inversion method to determine the focal depths, moment magnitudes, fault plane solutions, and directions of the principal stress axes of 25 events with magnitudes ≥3.5. The seismic data of these events were collected from 54 broadband stations which belong to the Kandilli Observatory and Earthquake Research Institute, the Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology, the Observatories and Research Facilities for European Seismology, and the Iraqi Seismological Network. Computer Programs in Seismology, version 3.30 (Herrmann and Ammon 2004), was used for analysis. The results show that the focal depth of these events ranged from 15 to 25 km in general. The fault plane solutions show that the strike-slip mechanism is the most dominant mechanism in the study area, usually with a reverse component. The stress regime shows three major directions; north–south, northeast-southwest, and east–west. These directions are comparable with the tectonic regime in the region. 相似文献
14.
Vladimir Schenk Zdeňka Schenkova Zuzana Jechumtálová 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2009,53(3):329-341
In West Bohemia in the period of 2003–2005 five permanent GPS stations were established to detect local movement trends. Their
mutual position changes were determined from time series of GPS observations and were associated with seismic, gravity, and
geo-scientific data related to the geodynamics of the West Bohemian region. Knowledge of local physical processes based on
spatial and time earthquake occurrences, focal mechanisms of main events, stress and strain fields set up a tool for recent
seismotectonic analyses. The permanent GPS measurements bring independent effective phenomenon, direct monitoring of site
movements. The movements detected by our GPS stations evidenced WSW-ENE extension with subsiding trends in the western part
of the Cheb Basin and the Smrčiny Mts. Besides, there were monitored dextral movements along the Mariánské Lázně tectonic
fault zone (MLF). A comparison of results with previous data formed a presumption that an antithetic stress pattern has to
exist inside the inner part of the MLF tectonic zone. This antithetic stress can explain the coexistence of dextral and sinistral
movements on individual tectonic elements in the West Bohemian area. 相似文献
15.
A present-day tectonic stress map for eastern Asia region 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：15
许忠淮 《地震学报(英文版)》2001,14(5):524-533
Introduction Tectonically the eastern Asia refers to the region bounded by the following three active tec-tonic zones: in the east the western Pacific subduction zone, including Japan trench, Ryukyu trench and Philippine trench; in the southwest the Himalaya continental collision zone and the Burma-arc-Java-trench subduction zone; in the northwest the Tianshan-Baikal continental defor-mation zone (Figure 6). In the world the eastern Asia is one of the regions with the strongest pre-sent-da… 相似文献
16.
Previous studies of the stress regime in the northern Apennines report compression in the outer sector and extension in the
inner sector. In this study we focus on the relationships between the two regimes and, by making use of 54 focal mechanism
solutions, we try to shed some more light on a tectonic setting that appears more complex than the previous models. The focal
mechanisms, computed using the first onset technique, are inverted for stress parameters. The method applied requires subdividing
the volume to be investigated into homogeneous sectors: to comply with the complexity of the area under study, we included
depth as a parameter for sub-zoning. Our results show that the shallow regime (0–10 km of depth) is transtensive even in the
sector previously reported to be compressive. In fact, at a shallow depth, very few thrust focal solutions lie in a spatially
limited sector in the eastern part of the area under study. Just below 10 km in depth, the stress regime converts to transpressional:
stress axes are approximately inverted. Deeper than 45 km, thrust solutions are found. They are not numerous enough to perform
an inversion but indicate the existence of a compressional regime at depth. It is worth noting that a gap of seismicity is
observed in the layer 30–45 km. 相似文献
17.
Mohamed K. Salah 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》2017,61(4):703-727
A joint tomographic inversion of local and teleseismic arrival times recorded at 41 seismic stations in southeast Anatolia is conducted to study the 3-D lithospheric velocity structure and its relation to the prevailing tectonic processes. A total of 21300 arrivals from local and teleseismic events are used in the final inversion. The tomographic model reveals prominent lower crustal/uppermost mantle low-velocity anomalies. High-velocity zones are imaged in the western part of the study area. The background seismic activity occurs mainly at the low-velocity areas and to a lesser extent in some high-velocity zones. Large crustal earthquakes occur in average velocity zones, but not in high-velocity areas that can resist stress. Results of the checkerboard resolution test indicate the reliability of the obtained images; while the large hit counts at most depth slices denote reasonable ray-path coverage for most parts of the study area. The obtained velocity anomalies are generally consistent with many previous geophysical measurements and give much deeper understanding of the current seismotectonic processes occurring in the region. 相似文献
18.
用菲律宾海板块上7个站ITRF2000的速度建立了菲律宾海板块的整体旋转线性应变模型. 结果认为菲律宾海板块的现今运动是顺时针方向旋转,与NNR_NUVEL_1A估计的旋转方向一致,但与NNR_NUVE_1A估计的旋转极位置和旋转角速度有较大差别. 本文模型与Sella等建立的刚体运动模型相比能更精确地描述菲律宾海板块的现今构造运动与板内形变. 菲律宾海板块内部存在强烈的形变-应变场. 在板块上存在一致的向东形变,形变速率在中央构造线附近小,东、西边界附近大,南、北两端小,中部大,在Mariana弧上向东的形变速率达到484 mm/a. 板块上南北方向的形变,东、西部存在明显差别,东部的南北向形变速率很小,西部在Manila海沟附近南北向形变速率较大,北端向北的形变速率为113 mm/a,南端向南的形变速率为293 mm/a. 板块的中央构造线把板块的主应变场分为东、西两个区. 东区存在非常强烈的张应变,压应变则很弱. 主张应变为近东西方向,从中央构造线向东主张与主压应变率逐渐增加,板块东南边界附近（148°E,15°N）主张应变率最大为858×10-8/a. 在西区,存在很强的主压应变而主张应变则较弱,主压应变为NW-SE方向,主压与主张应变率呈现从中央构造向西逐渐增加的特征,在板块西北边界（122°E,23°N）附近,主压应变率最大为571×10-8/a. 菲律宾海板块主应变场的空间变化与板块内部及周围的构造背景密切相关,是构造应力场的反映. 相似文献
19.
本文利用新疆测震台网记录的宽频带波形数据, 采用CAP方法反演北天山地区2010—2018年MS≥3.0地震震源机制解, 进一步结合早期研究区的震源机制数据反演了应力场。 结果表明, 研究区地震破裂类型以逆断型和走滑型为主, 其次为正断型, 过渡型最少; P轴方位大体与北天山地区主要断裂构造的走向垂直, 研究区以中部和西部近NS向以及东部近NNE向的水平挤压作用为主; 分区反演应力场显示研究区北部最大主应力轴σ1方位由西到东呈NNW—NS—NNE渐变过程, 研究区南部最大主应力轴σ1方位自西向东先呈NS—NNE变化, 再呈NNW—NS—NNE渐变; 研究区R值普遍较大, R值较小的区域主要位于研究区的西部和东部, 说明研究区东部和西部部分R值较小的地区向东西方向的扩展分量较小, 主要表现为物质的隆升分量。 相似文献
20.
Source parameters of some large earthquakes in Northern Aegean determined by body waveform inversion 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Anastasia A. Kiratzi Gregory S. Wagner Charles A. Langston 《Pure and Applied Geophysics》1991,135(4):515-527
Average source parameters for three large North Aegean events are obtained from body wave inversion for the moment tensor. The parameters for the events are as follows:
The events exhibit dextral strike-slip faulting with theT axis striking NS and nearly horizontal, implying extension in this direction. The focal mechanisms obtained are in agreement with the seismotectonic regime of the North Aegean. It is known that the region is tectonically controlled by the existence of the strike-slip Anatolian fault and its westward continuation in the Aegean, as well as the NS extension the whole Aegean area undergoes.The components of the moment tensor show that the region is dominated by compression in the EW direction which is encompassed by extension in the NS direction. All the events were found to be shallow (10 km) with a source time function of approximately 8 s duration and small stress drop values.The teleseismic long period verticalP-waves exhibited distortions, that could be attributed to lateral inhomogeneities in the source structure or more probably to a nonflat water-crust interface. 相似文献