共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Xiaobo Tian Jiwen Teng Hongshuang Zhang Zhongjie Zhang Yongqian Zhang Hui Yang Keke Zhang 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》2011,184(3-4):186-193
A temporary seismological network of broadband three-component stations has been deployed N–S to investigate the crust and upper mantle structure across the Ordos Block and the Yinshan Mountains. P wave receiver functions reveal the Moho depth to be about 41 km beneath the central Ordos Block and down to 45 km beneath the northern Ordos Block, a slight uplifting to 42–43 km beneath the Hetao Graben, increasing to 47–48 km beneath the Yinshan Mountains and then decreasing to 44 km beneath the northern Yinshan Mountains along the profile. In the Ordos Block, the crustal Vp/Vs ratio (about 1.80) south to the Hetao Graben differs from that (about 1.75) beneath the center Ordos Block. The crustal Vp/Vs ratio is significantly lower (about 1.65–1.70) beneath the Yinshan Mountains. The P wave receiver function migration imaging suggests relatively flat discontinuities at 410 and 660 km, indicating the lack of a strong thermal anomaly beneath this profile at these depths, and a low S wave velocity anomaly in the upper mantle beneath the Hetao Graben. We suggest that the low S wave velocity anomaly may be attributable to heat and that the thermal softening advances the evolution of the Hetao Graben, while the lower-crustal ductile flows transfer from the Hetao Graben to the northern Ordos Block, resulting in crustal thickening. 相似文献
2.
Fataneh Taghizadeh-Farahmand Forough Sodoudi Narges Afsari Mohammad R. Ghassemi 《Journal of Seismology》2010,14(4):823-836
We computed P and S receiver functions to investigate the lithospheric structure beneath the northwest Iran and compute the Vp/Vs ratio within the crust of this seismologically active area. Our results enabled us to map the lateral variations of the Moho as well as those of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) beneath this region. We selected data from teleseismic events (Mb?>?5.5, epicentral distance between 30° and 95° for P receiver functions and Mb?>?5.7, epicentral distance between 60° and 85° for S receiver functions) recorded from 1995 to 2008 at 8 three-component short-period stations of Tabriz Telemetry Seismic Network. Our results obtained from P receiver functions indicate clear conversions at the Moho boundary. The Moho depth was firstly estimated from the delay time of the Moho converted phase relative to the direct P wave. Then we used the H-Vp/Vs stacking algorithm of Zhu and Kanamori to estimate the crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio underneath the stations with clear Moho multiples. We found an average Moho depth of 48 km, which varies between 38.5 and 53 km. The Moho boundary showed a significant deepening towards east and north. This may reveal a crustal thickening towards northeast possibly due to the collision between the Central Iran and South Caspian plates. The obtained average Vp/Vs ratio was estimated to be 1.76, which varies between 1.73 and 1.82. The crustal structure was also determined by modeling of P receiver functions. We obtained a three-layered model for the crust beneath this area. The thickness of the layers is estimated to be 6–11, 18–35, and 38–53 km, respectively. The average of the shear wave velocity was calculated to be 3.4 km/s in the crust and reaches 4.3 km/s below the Moho discontinuity. The crustal thickness values obtained from P receiver functions are in good agreement with those derived by S receiver functions. In addition, clear conversions with negative polarity were observed at ~8.7 s in S receiver functions, which could be related to the conversion at the LAB. This may show a relatively thin continental lithosphere of about 85 km implying that the lithosphere was influenced by various geodynamical reworking processes in the past. 相似文献
3.
Fataneh Taghizadeh-Farahmand Forough Sodoudi Narges Afsari Mohammad R. Ghassemi 《Journal of Seismology》2010,14(4):839-836
We computed P and S receiver functions to investigate the lithospheric structure beneath the northwest Iran and compute the
Vp/Vs ratio within the crust of this seismologically active area. Our results enabled us to map the lateral variations of
the Moho as well as those of the lithosphere–asthenosphere boundary (LAB) beneath this region. We selected data from teleseismic
events (Mb > 5.5, epicentral distance between 30° and 95° for P receiver functions and Mb > 5.7, epicentral distance between 60° and 85° for S receiver functions) recorded from 1995 to 2008 at 8 three-component
short-period stations of Tabriz Telemetry Seismic Network. Our results obtained from P receiver functions indicate clear conversions
at the Moho boundary. The Moho depth was firstly estimated from the delay time of the Moho converted phase relative to the
direct P wave. Then we used the H-Vp/Vs stacking algorithm of Zhu and Kanamori to estimate the crustal thickness and Vp/Vs
ratio underneath the stations with clear Moho multiples. We found an average Moho depth of 48 km, which varies between 38.5
and 53 km. The Moho boundary showed a significant deepening towards east and north. This may reveal a crustal thickening towards
northeast possibly due to the collision between the Central Iran and South Caspian plates. The obtained average Vp/Vs ratio
was estimated to be 1.76, which varies between 1.73 and 1.82. The crustal structure was also determined by modeling of P receiver
functions. We obtained a three-layered model for the crust beneath this area. The thickness of the layers is estimated to
be 6–11, 18–35, and 38–53 km, respectively. The average of the shear wave velocity was calculated to be 3.4 km/s in the crust
and reaches 4.3 km/s below the Moho discontinuity. The crustal thickness values obtained from P receiver functions are in
good agreement with those derived by S receiver functions. In addition, clear conversions with negative polarity were observed
at ~8.7 s in S receiver functions, which could be related to the conversion at the LAB. This may show a relatively thin continental
lithosphere of about 85 km implying that the lithosphere was influenced by various geodynamical reworking processes in the
past. 相似文献
4.
Variations in crustal thickness in the Zagros determined by joint inversion of P wave receiver functions (RFs) and Rayleigh wave group and phase velocity dispersion. The time domain iterative deconvolution procedure was employed to compute RFs from teleseismic recordings at seven broadband stations of INSN network. Rayleigh wave phase velocity dispersion curves were estimated employing two-station method. Fundamental mode Rayleigh wave group velocities for each station is taken from a regional scale surface wave tomographic imaging. The main variations in crustal thickness that we observe are between stations located in the Zagros fold and thrust belt with those located in the Sanandaj–Sirjan zone (SSZ) and Urumieh–Dokhtar magmatic assemblage (UDMA). Our results indicate that the average crustal thickness beneath the Zagros Mountain Range varies from ～46 km in Western and Central Zagros beneath SHGR and GHIR up to ～50 km beneath BNDS located in easternmost of the Zagros. Toward NE, we observe an increase in Moho depth where it reaches ～58 km beneath SNGE located in the SSZ. Average crustal thickness also varies beneath the UDMA from ～50 km in western parts below ASAO to ～58 in central parts below NASN. The observed variation along the SSZ and UDMA may be associated to ongoing slab steepening or break off in the NW Zagros, comparing under thrusting of the Arabian plate beneath Central Zagros. The results show that in Central Iran, the crustal thickness decrease again to ～47 km below KRBR. There is not a significant crustal thickness difference along the Zagros fold and thrust belt. We found the same crystalline crust of ～34 km thick beneath the different parts of the Zagros fold and thrust belt. The similarity of crustal structure suggests that the crust of the Zagros fold and thrust belt was uniform before subsidence and deposition of the sediments. Our results confirm that the shortening of the western and eastern parts of the Zagros basement is small and has only started recently. 相似文献
5.
利用位于新疆塔里木盆地的巴楚地震台（BCH）和西昆仑山区的塔什库尔干地震台（TAG）多年记录的高质量远震波形数据,应用接收函数H-k叠加方法研究了台站下方的地壳结构。研究结果显示,BCH和TAG地震台下方地壳厚度差异分明,区域地壳厚度与地形有很好的对应关系;两个台都具有高的地壳平均波速比Vp／Vs值。BCH台下方的地壳厚度为44km、地壳内的平均波速比为1．849,在该台地壳中部21km处存在清晰的间断面,该间断面内存在低的平均P波波速和作／K值,该间断面的深度与邻近巴楚台的伽师震源区的精确定位的震源深度下界面一致,可能为地壳内的脆．韧转换带。TAG台下方的地壳厚度为69km,地壳内的平均波速比为1．847,较厚的地壳和高波速比可能表明该台下地壳的物质易于发生塑性流动,为地壳的变形和增厚创造了条件。 相似文献
6.
The ultrasonic technique for measuring travel times of compressional and shear waves using dual-mode transducers was adapted to a piston cylinder apparatus, allowing simultaneous measurements of travel times of compressional and shear waves of island arc samples under the high pressure and temperature conditions of island arcs. This method enables us to determine elastic properties and their pressure and temperature derivatives simultaneously. Furthermore, Vp/Vs can be directly determined from travel times of compressional and shear waves independently of length change due to compression or thermal expansion of rock samples under deep crustal conditions, providing more accurate Vp/Vs values than those determined from individual measurements of travel times of both elastic wave types using single-mode transducers. Experimental techniques and results are demonstrated using data on silicified pelitic schist from the Ryoke Belt to 0.6 GPa. The simultaneous measurement gives Vp = 5.60 km/s, ∂ Vp /∂ P = 0.090 (km/s)/GPa, Vs = 3.37 km/s, ∂ Vs /∂ P = 0.05 (km/s)/GPa, σ = 0.216, and Vp / Vs = 1.66 at ambient conditions. The temperature derivatives were constrained from fitting using linear functions of temperature, yielding ∂ Vp /∂ T = −0.518 × 10−3 (km/s)/K and ∂ Vs /∂ T = −0.182 × 10−3 (km/s)/K. Performing simultaneous measurements of travel times of compressional and shear waves using dual-mode transducers, it is possible to accurately determine Vp / Vs and Poisson's ratio of crustal minerals and rocks at deep crustal conditions to study the composition of the crustal interior, e.g. rock types and fluids below the hypocentral region of earthquakes or around bright spots. 相似文献
7.
利用远震接收函数偏移成像方法获得青藏高原西部Hi-Climb项目剖面北段地壳结构转换波成像。结果显示班公-怒江缝合带下方拉萨地体上地壳向N仰冲,下地壳向N俯冲,而羌塘地块上地壳向S仰冲,下地壳向S俯冲,可能意味着青藏高原西部拉萨地块和羌塘地块具有复杂的拼合过程。结合前人的岩石学研究成果,建立了新特提斯北洋盆洋壳S向俯冲、距今60～50Ma印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞后,拉萨地块的下地壳向羌塘地块下俯冲,而后印度板块俯冲到羌塘地块下方的地块拼合模式 相似文献
8.
Key elements of regional seismic velocity models for long period ground motion simulations 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Thomas M. Brocher 《Journal of Seismology》2008,12(2):217-221
Regional 3-D seismic velocity models used for broadband strong motion simulations must include compressional-wave velocity
(Vp), shear-wave velocity (Vs), intrinsic attenuation (Qp, Qs), and density. Vs and Qs are the most important of these parameters
because the strongest ground motions are generated chiefly by shear- and surface-wave arrivals. Because Vp data are more common
than Vs data, many researchers first develop a Vp model and convert it to a Vs model. I describe recent empirical relations
between Vs, Vp, Qs, Qp, and density that allow velocity models to be rapidly and accurately calculated.
The U. S. government reserves the right to retain a non-exclusive, royalty free license in and to any copyright. 相似文献
9.
The lithospheric structure of the Sinai Peninsula is shown by means of nine shear velocity profiles for depths ranging from
zero to 50 km, determined from the Rayleigh wave analysis. The traces of 30 earthquakes, which occurred from 1992 to 1999
in and around the study area, have been used to obtain Rayleigh wave dispersion. These earthquakes were registered by a broadband
station located in Egypt (KEG station). The dispersion curves were obtained for periods between 3 and 40 s, by digital filtering
with a combination of MFT and TVF filtering techniques. After that, all seismic events were grouped in source zones to obtain
a dispersion curve for each source-station path. These dispersion curves were inverted according to generalized inversion
theory, to obtain shear wave velocity models for each source-station path, which is the main goal of this study. The shear
velocity structure obtained for the Sinai Peninsula is shown through the shear velocity distributions with depth. These results
agree well with the geology and other geophysical results, previously obtained from seismic and gravity data. The obtained
velocity models suggest the existence of lateral and vertical heterogeneity. The shear velocity increases generally with depth
for all paths analyzed in the study area. Nevertheless, in some paths a small low velocity channel in the upper or lower crust
occurs. Along these profiles, it is found that the crustal structure of the Sinai Peninsula consists of three principal layers:
upper crust with a sedimentary layer and lower crust. The upper crust has a sedimentary cover of 2 km thick with an average
S-velocity of 2.53 km/s. This upper crust has a variable thickness ranging from 12 to 18 km, with S-wave velocity ranging
from 3.24 to 3.69 km/s. The Moho discontinuity is located at a depth of 30 km, which is reflected by a sharp increase in the
S-velocity values that jump from 3.70–4.12 to 4.33–4.61 km/s. 相似文献
10.
Chun-Yong Wang Hai Lou Paul G. Silver Lupei Zhu Lijun Chang 《Earth and Planetary Science Letters》2010,289(3-4):367-376
We determined crustal structure along the latitude 30°N through the eastern Tibetan Plateau using a teleseismic receiver function analysis. The data came mostly from seismic stations deployed in eastern Tibet and western Sichuan region from 2004 to 2006. Crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio at each station were estimated by the H–k stacking method. On the profile, the mean crustal thickness and Vp/Vs ratio were found to be 62.3 km and 1.74 in the Lhasa block, 71.2 km and 1.79 near the Bangong–Nujiang suture, 66.3 km and 1.80 in the Qiangtang block, 59.8 km and 1.81 in the Songpan–Garze block, and 42.9 km and 1.76 in the Yangtze block, respectively. The estimated crustal thicknesses are consistent with predictions based on the topography and the Airy isostasy, except near the Bangong–Nujiang suture and in the Qiangtang block where the crust is 5–10 km thicker than predicted, indicating that the crust may be denser, possibly due to mafic underplating. We also inverted receiver functions for crustal velocity structure along the profile, which reveals a low S-wave velocity zone in the lower crust beneath the eastern Tibetan Plateau, although the extent of the low-velocity zone varies considerably. The low-velocity zone, together with previous results, suggests limited partial melting and localized crustal flow in the lower crust of the eastern Tibetan Plateau. 相似文献
11.
使用横波分裂系统分析方法(SAM), 对2014年5月30日盈江MS6.1地震震区内多个近场流动台站记录到的大量波形数据进行横波分裂研究． 研究结果表明, 盈江MS6.1地震序列的快S波偏振方向为近NS向, 与区域主压应力方向一致． 主震发生后, 由于震源区应力状态的调整, 卡场台(KAC)快S波偏振方向发生逆时针偏转, 勐弄台(MNO)快S波偏振方向离散度减小, 并且由于受到研究区内断裂的影响, MNO台偏振方向较KAC台偏振方向更加离散． KAC台和MNO台的慢S波时间延迟均表现出主震发生前短时间内突然减小, 震后逐渐增大的变化特征, 这意味着临震前震源区地壳应力的释放和震后地壳应力的增强, 预示了后续余震的持续发生． 地震序列时间延迟平均滑动曲线起伏振荡, 表明了余震的发生伴随着震源区地壳应力的不断调整． 相似文献
12.
GAO Jian YANG Yi-hai HUANG Shi-yuan YANG Cong ZHANG Yuan-sheng LIU Cun-xi LI Shao-rui HUA Qian 《地震地质》1979,42(1):147-162
The receiver function which carries the information of crustal materials is often used to study the shear-wave velocity of the crust as well as the crustal anisotropy. However, because of the low signal-to-noise ratio in Pms(P-to-S converted phase from the Moho), the crustal anisotropy obtained by shear-wave splitting technique for a single receiver function usually has large errors in general. Recent advance in the analysis method based on Pms arrival time varying with the back-azimuth change can effectively overcome the above defects. Thus in this paper, we utilize the azimuth variations of the Pms to study the crustal anisotropy in Chongqing region for the first time. According to the earthquake catalogue provided by USGS, seismic waveform of earthquakes with magnitude larger than 5.5 and epicenter distance range of 30°~90° between January 2015 and December 2016 are collected from 14 broadband seismic stations of Chongqing seismic network. We carry out the bootstrap resampling to test the reliability of the radial maximum energy method for the observation data. In addition, we also applied the receiver function H-Kappa analysis in this paper to study the crustal thickness and Poisson's ratio.
Our results show the crustal thickness ranges from 40~50km, and there is a thin and thick crust in the southern and northern Chongqing, respectively. The crustal average Poisson's ratio ranges from 0.23~0.31, the Poisson's ratio reaches the maximum value in the central part of Chongqing, while the Poisson's ratio in the northern and southern parts of Chongqing is obviously low. We obtain the crustal anisotropy from 9 stations in total. The delay time of crustal anisotropy distributes between 0.08s and 0.48s, with the average value of 0.22s. Among them, the CHS, QIJ and WAZ stations in central Chongqing have relatively large crustal delay time(>0.3s), followed by ROC station in the western Chongqing(0.25s), while the delay time in CHK station in northern Chongqing and WAS station in southern Chongqing are 0.08s, showing relatively weak crustal anisotropy. The fast polarization directions(FPDs)also change obviously from south to north. In southern Chongqing, FPDs are dominant in NNE-SSW and NEE-SWW, while the FPDs in WAZ station change to NWW-SEE, and the FPDs appear to be NW-SE in CHK in the northern Chongqing. In general, the FPDs are sub-parallel to the strikes of faults in most areas of Chongqing areas.
Combined with other results from GPS observations, tectonic stress field and XKS splitting measurements, the main conclusions can be suggested as following:The cracks preferred orientation in the upper crust is not the main source of crustal anisotropy in Chongqing area. The crust and lithospheric upper mantle in the eastern Sichuan fold belt(ESFB)and Sichuan-Guizhou fault fold belt(SGFFB)are decoupled, and the deformation characteristics in the north and south parts of ESFB and SGFFB is different. The complex tectonic deformation may exist beneath the mountain-basin boundary, causing the fast directions of crustal anisotropy different from that in other areas of ESFB and SGFFB. The faults with different strikes may weaken the strength of average crustal anisotropy in some areas. The crustal deformation in southern Dabashan nappe belt(DNB)may be mainly controlled by the fault structure. 相似文献
13.
利用陕西及邻省区域地震台网的观测数据,采用重叠元迭代重建层析成像技术,结合两点快速射线追综,对渭河断陷盆地地壳的S波速度进行了层析反演成像.并利用前期P波速度的研究结果,计算了该地区地壳的VP/VS分布.研究结果表明:(1)S波速度分布两个地区存在强烈的横向不均匀性,其一是陕晋交界的合阳、永济地区,二是铜川、泾阳地区,它们都位于不同构造单元交汇地带,差异运动显著,是新老地层交错的地区.(2)历史强震震中主要分布在S波的高速区及边缘地带;(3)在淳化、耀县、泾阳之间存在VP/VS高值区,最高达2.1. 相似文献
14.
通过对忻州─泰安人工地震测深剖面Ｐ波、Ｓ波的联合解释，得到沿剖面不同地质单元隆起区与裂陷区、震源区与非震区的速度和波速比结构．鲁西隆起和太行、山西隆起为较均匀的成层构造，地壳厚度分别为３２ｋｍ和４０－４３ｋｍ，波速比为１．７４．中段裂陷区构造变化较大，地壳厚度约３０－３３ｋｍ，波速比为１．７５－１．７７．邢台地震区上地壳下部和中地壳出现高波速比１．７７的异常，与裂陷区东的１．７３形成明显的差异．由此推测，地震的发生不仅与震源区的构造有关，更主要是与震源区岩石的性质有关。 相似文献
15.
16.
利用距离2013年岷县漳县地震最近的固定台站岷县台2008-2009年的远震接收函数,确定了该地震震源区及临近区域的地壳厚度和波速比。结果表明:岷县台下方地壳速度结构的横向非均匀性较强,各方位接收函数差异较大,特别是震源区与临近区域存在明显的差别。临近区域的中下地壳存在明显的低速层,而震源区中下地壳中存在明显的高速区;且震源区地壳平均波速比为1.76,上地壳的波速比仅为1.62。据此推断:震源区是坚硬的上地壳覆盖在较软的中下地壳之上,岷县漳县地震破裂有可能是下地壳流的活动导致上地壳的破裂。 相似文献
17.
本文用单轴压缩下砂岩试件的P、s波超声实验,对含裂隙高空度砂岩破裂前的Vp、Vs、Vp/Vs、Ap、As、As/Ap,初动段频谱,介质传递函数作了一系列实验研究。结果表明:l.Vp、Vs及Vp/Vs的变化同花岗岩,2.As/Ap要发生变化,3.有低频增加现象,4.介质传递函数发生变化,5.有第二P波产生。最后文章用两相介质中地宸波传播理论对实验结果作了定量分析。 相似文献
18.
The receiver function(RF) technique is an effective method for studying crustal structure. For a single station, the average 1-D crustal structure is usually derived by stacking the radial RFs from all back-azimuths, whereas structural variations(such as dipping discontinuities or anisotropy) can be constrained through analysis of waveform dependence on the backazimuth of both the radial and tangential RFs. However, it is often difficult to directly extract information about structural variations from the waveform of RF, due to the common presence of noise in real data. In this study, we proposed a new method to derive structural variation information for individual stations by applying principal component analysis(PCA) to RFs sorted by back-azimuth. In this method(termed as RF-PCA), a set of principal components(PCs), which are uncorrelated with each other and reflect different characteristics of the RF data, were extracted and utilized separately to reconstruct new RFs. Synthetic tests show that the first PC of the radial RFs contains the average structural information of the crust beneath the corresponding station, and the second PC of the radial RFs and the first PC of the tangential RFs both reflect the variations of the crustal structure. Our synthetic modeling results indicate that the new RF-PCA method is valid for a variety of synthetic models with intra-crustal dipping discontinuities and/or anisotropy. We applied this method to the real data from a broadband temporary seismic station(s233) in the central part of the Sichuan Basin. The results suggest that the RF data can be best explained by the presence of two nearly parallel dipping discontinuities within the crust. Combining with previous logging data, seismic exploration and deep sounding observations, we interpret the shallow dipping discontinuity as the top boundary of the Precambrian crystalline basement of the Sichuan Basin and the deep one corresponding to the Conrad interface between the upper and lower crust, consistent with the geological feature of the study area. In this work, both synthetic tests and real data application results demonstrate the effectiveness of the RF-PCA method for studying crustal structures. 相似文献
19.
通过分析四川锦屏水电站地区2012年1月至2013年12月库区的地震活动性和木里台的剪切波分裂参数变化,研究了水电站3次大规模蓄水对该地区地震活动性和地壳应力的影响. 结果显示:经3次蓄水,该地区的地震活动呈持续增强趋势,最终保持在较高水平,尤其是第二次蓄水之后,地震活动增强最为明显;木里台的快剪切波偏振方向在锦屏水电站3次蓄水前后表现出明显的变化. 锦屏水电站在蓄水之前,木里台快剪切波偏振方向的优势取向为北东向,与锦屏山—小金河断裂走向一致;第一次蓄水之后,快剪切波偏振方向则变得较为分散,无明显的优势取向;第二次蓄水之后,快剪切波偏振方向偏转为南东向;第三次蓄水之后,快剪切波偏振方向表现为一致的南东向;慢剪切波延迟时间在第二次蓄水前后明显变短. 这些显著的变化说明了锦屏水电站第二次蓄水之后原地小范围内的地壳应力方向迅速改变,地壳应力也随着地震活动的增强而释放. 相似文献
20.
The subsurface shear-wave velocity (Vs) is considered to be a key parameter for site characterization and assessment of earthquake
hazard because of its great influence on local ground-motion amplification. Array microtremor measurements are widely used
for the estimation of shear-wave velocities. Compared to other methods such as frequency-wavenumber (f-k) methods, the spatial
autocorrelation (SPAC) method requires fewer sensors and thus is relatively easier to implement and gives robust estimations
of shear-wave velocity profiles for depths down to a few hundred meters. The quantity derived from observed data is the SPAC
coefficient, which is a function of correlation distance, frequency and phase velocity. Generally, estimation of Vs profiles
is a two stage process: Estimation of the dispersion data from the SPAC coefficients and inversion of the dispersion data
for shear-wave velocity structure. In this study, instead of inverting dispersion curves, a more practical approach is used;
that is, observed SPAC coefficients are directly inverted for the S-wave velocities. A synthetic case and a field data application
are presented to test the potential of the inversion algorithm. We obtain an iterative damped least-squares solution with
differential smoothing. The differential smoothing approach constrains the change in shear-wave velocities of the adjacent
layers and thus stabilizes the inversion. 相似文献