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1.
基于常规地震干涉法和地震超越干涉法,提出了SI和BSI的结合方法SIBSI,即在SI被动源低频信息提取的基础上,重构主动源BSI地震数据,并利用BSI进行格林函数重构和面向目标的Marchenko成像.研究了基于频率优势的主动源低频重构方法,在完整保留了主动源信号高频信息的基础上,有效重构了低频信息,拓宽了地震数据的频带范围.讨论了含有自由表面多次波的地震数据在Marchenko成像中应用的方法.设计了一个含有高阻抗地层的模型,在该模型上使用SI低频信息重构BSI主动源地震数据,最后与纯主动源地震数据的格林函数重构和Marchenko成像进行了对比,证明了本文所提出方法的有效性、抗噪性以及在提高成像效果中的优势. 相似文献
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EH-4 电导率成像系统的数据处理仍依赖于DOS界面下的数据采集和处理软件IMAGEM,不仅使用不便,而且有效频点少、频率分布不均匀、抗干扰能力差.本文在剖析EH-4 系统数据处理流程的基础上,正确地读取了EH4 系统原始时间序列文件,采用周期图方法重新计算了自功率谱、互功率谱和张量阻抗分量,以及由阻抗定义的视电阻率,编制了专用软件EH4 Data Processing Program.由于重构阻抗文件的频点数约是原始阻抗文件的6倍,极大地增加了纵向数据密度,提高了分辨率和解释可靠性.实例应用表明了方法的正确、有效和可靠,具有推广价值. 相似文献
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在对各种层析成像技术的基本原理及优缺点进行分析的基础上,本文采用了一种新型多相流检测技术——电阻抗成像技术,并且提出了一种应用于EIT图像重建的新算法,该算法通过融合遗传算法和Landweber迭代算法的优点来提高算法的收敛速度和重构图像的质量。实验结果表明EIT系统是一种行之有效的多相流检测系统,所采用的算法兼备收敛稳定性好及收敛速度快等优点。 相似文献
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静校正和近地表速度建模是地震资料处理的重要组成部分.在近地表复杂区,静校正问题和近地表速度建模问题表现尤为突出.本文利用地震干涉测量在波场重构方面的优势,给出了一种同时避免静校正和近地表速度建模过程的方法,直接由重构的SWP波场来成像高陡构造.文中首先阐述了地震干涉测量的原理,给出了VSP波场向SWP波场重构的数学表达式;接着,采用几种不同的近地表模型,对比VSP波场向SWP波场重构的效果;最后,建立局部速度模型,直接利用重构的SWP波场进行偏移处理,完成高陡构造成像.模型试验结果表明该方法的可行性,有利于实现复杂地表区深层高陡构造的成像. 相似文献
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随钻超声成像测井通过钻铤的旋转实现周向扫描成像,为了提高随钻超声成像测井在周向成像测量的方位覆盖率,需要安装多个换能器同时进行测量,换能器的响应不一致则会产生错误的成像测量结果,本文通过实验测量的方法对随钻超声成像测井换能器的响应特性进行研究.实验测试系统主要由高精度定位控制系统、PXI采集系统、针形水听器、OLYMPUS 5077PR信号源、信号转换器、载物台、示波器等构成,是一个具有4自由度的小型声学定位测控系统.实验主要包括超声换能器的轴线声场测量以及指向性测量.对超声换能器的轴线声场进行测量,得到了换能器的远近场临界距离和幅度响应特性,实验表明换能器远近场临界距离在3.25 cm附近,各个换能器的幅度响应特性一致性较好.通过对换能器指向性进行测量,表明3 dB角宽大致在12°左右,换能器具有较好的聚焦特性.该研究提供一种评价超声成像测井换能器的有效方法,为仪器研制过程中的换能器匹配选择提供依据,可为超声成像测井仪器的研制提供有力支撑. 相似文献
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一个基于扫频与混频相结合的多频EIT数据采集系统 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用多频率组合与扫频技术相结合的方式,建立了一个32电极多频电阻抗断层成像数据采集系统,该系统具有四种工作模式,在程序控制下,最多步采集四种频率下的组织阻抗信息,工作频率可在1．6KHZ到380KHZ间程控选择。为从含多种频率分量的测量信号中解调出各频率下的组织阻抗,我们设计了一种新的具有高速和高精度特点的解调方法,正交序列数字解调法,对含有n个频率分别的信号,若对其每周期采样N点,则总运算量可降低到2nN次乘法和2n(N-1)次加法运算,信号的信噪比可提高（N／2）^-0．5倍。 相似文献
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井间电磁（EM）成像系统的技术目标是实现井间电学特性的直接测量,并提供井间电阻率的二维及三维图像.从1997年开始,胜利油田与美国EMI公司合作,开展了EM技术的应用与研究,主要是通过大型、系统的现场试验,在大井间距的条件下,进一步验证仪器的性能,进行油藏研究的适用性和可行性分析;以系统的现场实测数据为依据,加快成像处理方法和软件的开发;开展穿透金属套管井的EM试验,探讨金属套管条件下的电阻率成像方法。两年来,利用EMI提供的XBH2000型测量系统,对胜利油田典型的低电阻率砂泥岩剖面,成功地进行了3对井、10个井次的试验。试验证明了仪器性能的可靠,取得了测量重复性好、系统完整的井间EM数据.并反演得到电阻率成像,在分析井间油气分布和油层开采动态方面,取得了良好的地质效果. 相似文献
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本文简单地介绍了机械阻抗的原理和导纳函数的分析方法,并对稳态、瞬态和随机三种不同激励方法的特点以及三种激励阻抗法的测量分析系统和判别基桩质量中的有关问题作了讨论,提出了一些看法和建议。 相似文献
10.
《CT理论与应用研究》2004,(3)
系统简介IPT系列小型工业CT无损检测系统是一种新型三维辐射成像产品。它通过测量在不同的方位角下X射线穿透被检测工件后的投影强度,计算出工件横截面上的衰减系数分布,转换成像屏显示的断层成像。其优势在于三维空间成像、定位,是绝对尺寸和成像物理量绝对值的测量。它涵盖了清华大学在直线加速器、核探测器、核电子学、核信息处理等研究领域最前沿的科研成果。该系统能消除传统射线透视成像所形成的影像重叠问题,可检测出各类大小型复杂工件内部的微小缺陷。广泛用于航天、航空、工业品等制造业。系统参数环境温度:5~35℃环境湿度:≤8… 相似文献
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We know that risk analysis is based on the estimation of catastrophic events. Now to obtain a good estimation we must create
suitable model of the risk. With samples of data we can use different mathematical models as linear or non linear regression
methods, neural network methods, genetic methods and more recent hybrid models consisting of the information diffusion approximate
reasoning method and back propagation neural network. In this paper, we present a new frame-work denoted morphogenetic system
to study risk analysis. We show that morphogenetic system is a generalization of the tensor calculus used to formalize the
non Euclidean geometrical representation. Now, we take suggestion from the electrical circuit analysis to create the morphogenetic
model for the estimation. In the electrical circuit, we have the vector of voltages and vector of currents. The relation between
voltages and currents is given by Ohms rule and the impedance matrix. The relation is a multi input and multi output (MIMO)
system given a set of samples for voltages and currents we can estimate the impedance matrix of the circuit. Now, we know
that the electrical circuit is controlled by a limited set of voltage or current sources. The aim of this papers is to give
the rule by which from arbitrary voltages in the circuit we compute the voltage sources and also the associated current sources.
We also give the method to compute the currents by the current sources and also the voltages by the impedance matrix. All
the process from arbitrary voltages, voltage sources, current sources, current in the circuit and voltage in the circuit is
denoted the projection operator in the morphogenetic system. Electrical circuits are a prototype of the morphogenetic system.
We show that fuzzy inferential processes can be modeled by morphogenetic systems to improve models to estimate risks. 相似文献
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This paper is concerned with the dynamic response of rigid strip foundations of arbitrary geometry embedded in a homogeneous elastic half-space. The embedded rigid foundation is modelled by an equivalent domain in a uniform half-space which is subjected to an appropriate body force field. The components of the impedance matrix are determined through the solution of a linear simultaneous equation system which is established by invoking rigid body displacements of discrete locations within the equivalent domain and appropriate equilibrium consideration. It is found that high numerical efficiency and flexibility can be achieved using the body force model when compared to boundary integral formulations through the selection of appropriate displacement influence functions and a ‘parent domain’ in the analysis. Numerical results are presented to illustrate the influence of the embedment ratio, frequency of excitation, foundation geometry and Poisson's ratio on the vertical, horizontal, rocking and coupled impedances of a single embedded foundation. The effect on the impedance due to the presence of an adjacent embedment is investigated for various distances between foundations and embedment ratios. 相似文献
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A numerical method is given for calculating resistivity and induced polarization anomalies produced by a surface polarization model. Surface polarization is generated when a purely electronic conductor is located in an electrolyte environment. The system that develops on the boundary between the conductor and the electrolyte is described macroscopically by a net surface charge distribution and an electric double layer. An integral equation is derived for the potential by assuming that the electronic conductor forms an equipotential system and that the polarization impedance across the boundary is linear. The integral equation is solved by means of the method of subsections. As an application some numerical modeling results are presented. The surface impedance values used in calculations are based on laboratory measurements that are briefly described. Implications of the results for scale modeling are discussed. 相似文献
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本文对大地电磁阻抗相位资料的性质及其意义作了总结和评述。文中述及的阻抗相位资料正则化反演方法,是在文献〔1〕的基础上进行了改进,笔者就此给出了实际算例和概要分析 相似文献
15.
针对套管井反射式超声波水泥固井质量检测问题，本文利用超声反射波频谱中套管共振透射窗内的复合反射系数，提出了定量反演套管-地层环空间内介质的波阻抗的方法. 利用复合反射系数中多个频率点的相移反正切函数主值，给出了波阻抗的计算公式，并把套管-地层环空间介质中波的相移的整、实特性作为波阻抗反演收敛的判据. 针对井下实际测井环境中超声换能器性能受温度和压力等的影响而发生变化，导致的声源波形（子波）和复合反射系数不确定的困难，提出了用井下原地（in situ）实测波形定量估计声源波形和复合反射系数的方法. 通过对合成数据的处理，分别考察了已知介质的声学和几何参数存在的偏差对套管-地层环空间内介质的波阻抗反演结果的影响. 本文对多组模型井检验数据进行了目的层介质的波阻抗反演与成像，成像结果与真实情况吻合，验证了反演方法的有效性. 最后对现场实测资料进行了套管-地层环空间内介质的波阻抗定量反演与成像. 相似文献
16.
J.T. Weaver 《Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors》1973,7(3):266-281
A review of electromagnetic induction in a multi-layered earth is built around a development of the general theory from first principles. Induction by transient and periodic fields and by dipole and electrojet sources are discussed and the method of complex images is briefly described. The review concludes with a discussion of induction by elementary harmonic sources whose non-uniformity is characterised by Price's ν-parameter and which include the uniform source field (ν=0) as a special case. The conditions under which the source may be assumed uniform for computing the surface impedance and other ratios of field components are examined. 相似文献
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由于地震资料是带限的,而井资料约束反演过程中的地震反演频带的展宽也是有一定限度的,使得反演地震波阻抗也是带限的。如何进一步拓宽反演地震波阻抗的频带宽度,提高地震资料的分辨率是文中研究的内容。利用井约束下的地震反演波阻抗资料、地震资料及井资料,借鉴地质模拟技术,研究如何利用地层的空间相对稳定性特征,通过相关函数的分析,估计反演更高分辨率的地震波阻抗资料。考虑到地质体空间的相关性及分辨率,相关半径取相关函数从最大点到第1个极值点的范围。在目标函数的计算过程中,既考虑当前计算点的权系数信息,又考虑井外推时的权系数信息,这样使计算结果更加稳定可靠。通过综合模拟计算,能够识别较小砂体 相似文献
18.
河流相砂泥岩薄互层地震反射特征研究 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
A sedimentary geological model is established in order to study the seismic reflection characteristics of channel sand bodies. Synthetic seismic shot gathers are simulated using the acoustic wave equation and then are prestack time migrated. On the imaged data, the reflection characteristics and instantaneous attributes are analyzed and log-constrained impedance inversion is tested. Because of wave field interference, the experimental results show that seismic events do not definitely correspond to the channel sand bodies and that seismic modes of occurrence do not represent the actual ones. The seismic events formed by wave interference may lead to errors and pitfalls in sand body interpretation. The corresponding relations between instantaneous seismic attributes and sedimentary sands are not well established. Log-constrained impedance inversion improves the resolution of channel sands. However, if the inverted resolution is forced to be too high, artifacts related to the initial model may occur. 相似文献
19.
Igor B. Morozov 《Geophysical Prospecting》2011,59(1):24-34
A general definition of seismic wave impedance is proposed as a matrix differential operator transforming the displacement boundary conditions into traction ones. This impedance is proportional to the standard acoustic impedance at all incidence angles and allows extensions to attenuative media and to the full elastic case. In all cases, reflection amplitudes at the contact of two media are uniquely described by the ratios of their impedances. Here, the anelastic acoustic impedance is studied in detail and attenuation contrasts are shown to produce phase‐shifted reflections. Notably, the correspondence principle (i.e., the approach based on complex‐valued elastic modules in the frequency domain) leads to incorrect phase shifts of the impedance due to attenuation and consequently to wrong waveforms reflected from attenuation contrasts. Boundary conditions and the Lagrange formulation of elastodynamics suggest that elastic constants should remain real in the presence of attenuation and the various types of energy dissipation should be described by their specific mechanisms. The correspondence principle and complex‐valued elastic moduli appear to be applicable only to homogeneous media and therefore they should be used with caution when applied to heterogeneous cases. 相似文献
20.
系统地论述了大地电磁三维交错采样有限差分数值模拟算法实现过程中交错网格剖分、积分公式离散化、边界条件、方程组求解、三维张量阻抗的计算等内容. 由于提出了简洁的边界条件，采用了解大型系数矩阵方程组的双共轭梯度稳定解法，所实现的三维交错采样有限差分数值模拟算法具有迭代收敛稳定、计算精度高、速度快等特点. 通过两个理论模型的计算结果检验了算法的正确性和计算精度. 所实现的三维交错采样有限差分数值模拟算法为研究三维反演问题奠定了基础. 相似文献