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1.
Moutaz A. Al-Dabbas Jassim A. Al-Jassim Amanj I. Qaradaghi 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(12):4771-4783
The depositional facies and environments were unraveling by studying 21 subsurface sections from ten oilfields in the central and southern Iraq and a large number of thin sections of the Nahr Umr (siliciclastic deposit) Formation (Albian). This formation is mainly composed of sandstone interlaminated with minor siltstone and shale, with occurrence of thin limestone beds. Nahr Umr Formation is subdivided into three lithostratigraphic units of variable thicknesses on the basis of lithological variations and log characters. Mineralogically and texturally, mature quartz arenite and sandstones are the common type of the Nahr Umr Formation. The sandstones are cemented by silica and calcite material and have had a complex digenetic history. Compaction, dissolution, and replacements are the main diagenetic processes. Prodelta, distal bar, distributary mouth bar, distributary channel, over bank, and tidal channel are the main depositional environments recognized for the Nahr Umr Formation, within the studied wells. This formation was deposited in shallow marine and fluvial–deltaic environments and exhibit progradational succession of facies. Eight sedimentary facies that have been identified in the Nahr Umr Formation include claystone lithofacies, claystone siltstone lithofacies, lenticular-bedded sandstone–mudstone lithofacies, wavy-bedded sandstone–mudstone lithofacies, flaser-bedded sandstone–mudstone lithofacies, parallel and cross lamination sandstone lithofacies, trough cross-bedded sandstone lithofacies, and planar cross-bedded sandstone lithofacies. The depositional model of the Nahr Umr Formation environment was built based on the lithofacies association concepts. 相似文献
2.
川中地区下侏罗统自流井组大安寨段湖相页岩非均质性强,有利岩性组合的研究对目标层段的选取较为关键.通过对21口井的岩心观察与描述、有机质含量与主微量元素测定等,划分了岩性段及组合类型,并探讨了各组合类型特征.结果表明:大二亚段页岩层系主要发育泥质介壳灰岩、灰黑色页岩、含介壳页岩3类岩性,针对其生物介壳发育的特征,识别出特殊的介壳层岩性段;进一步总结出4类岩性段类型,A块状介壳灰岩段、B页岩与介壳层互层段、C页岩夹介壳层段、D纯页岩段.4类岩性段的古环境特征差异反映了不同的页岩油潜力,半潮湿-潮湿的古气候、较高的古生产力、合适的沉积速率,以及缺氧还原、半咸水-淡水环境有利于有机质的富集与保存,由此综合优选出有利岩性段类型为C页岩夹介壳层段,D纯页岩段次之. 相似文献
3.
通过对威远地区14口评价井或导眼井五峰组—龙马溪组地层开展系统的笔石生物地层、岩相地层、测井响应、地球化学、元素地球化学等特征分析,证实了威远地区五峰组—龙马溪组古隆起的发育,指出古隆起发育控制页岩的厚度及岩相展布,明确优质页岩展布受古隆起发育控制,并提出水平井井位优化部署建议。主要结论如下:1）从生物地层、岩性地层、电性特征、地层厚度等方面证实在Z4-Z1—WY1—W5—WX井一带存在（水下）古隆起;2）不同时期地层分布及岩相主要受古隆起发育控制,隆起区及周边地层厚度薄,黏土矿物或碳酸盐矿物含量高,坳陷区沉积厚度大,硅质矿物含量高;3）威远地区五峰组页岩沉积期物源多来自其西部或北部,鲁丹阶早期以生物成因石英为主,物源较少,鲁丹阶晚期物源可能来自川南的黔中古陆,不同的物源方向意味着沉积体系的变化;4）鲁丹阶早期（LM1~LM3）地层储层品质最优,产量高,其储层参数平面展布受隆起发育控制,拗陷区域储层品质最好。建议以鲁丹阶早期地层为目标靶体实施水平井,优先部署该层段厚度较大区域水平井,尽量避开隆起发育区。 相似文献
4.
四川盆地油气资源丰富，盆地内发育多套富有机质泥页岩，并形成了多套优质生储盖组合。奥陶系是四川盆地下组合目前勘探关注的重要层系，但尚未取得重要油气勘探突破，该成藏组合是否存在烃源岩是该层系油气勘探关注的核心问题之一。下奥陶统湄潭组主要为一套陆棚相泥页岩沉积，分布广、厚度大，其生烃潜力备受关注。基于地层发育特征，通过岩性组合分析、古生物鉴定和微量元素测试，并结合有机质丰度（TOC）参数，结果显示四川盆地在湄潭组沉积期存在川南和川北两个沉积中心:川南沉积中心厚度大，但砂岩或砂质含量多，不利于烃源岩发育；川北沉积中心湄潭组岩性主要为深灰色-灰黑色泥岩、页岩和粉砂质泥岩；疑源类化石和微量元素组成表明沉积环境利于烃源岩发育，TOC达到一般烃源岩标准，因此认为川北地区存在湄潭组烃源岩沉积中心。通过湄潭组有机地球化学分析和源储匹配成藏解剖，结合烃源岩空间分布预测认为，湄潭组烃源岩能为川北-川东北地区上寒武统-奥陶系油气成藏提供烃源保障；以湄潭组为烃源，可形成上生下储、源储通过不整合相接的"湄潭组生-上寒武统洗象池组储"有利成藏组合和下生上储、源储通过断层相接的"湄潭组生-中奥陶统宝塔组储"的潜在成藏组合。湄潭组生烃潜力的确认和2种成藏组合的建立，扩大了川北-川东北地区勘探空间，对上寒武统-奥陶系实现勘探突破具有重要意义。 相似文献
5.
松科1井北孔是松辽盆地白垩系科学钻探工程的两个钻孔之一,位于松辽盆地北部中央坳陷区齐家古龙凹陷他拉哈向斜上。通过对松科1井北孔泰康组到嫩一段顶部连续取心资料的详细描述,建立松科1井北孔岩心剖面。识别出白云岩、火山灰、油页岩、灰质泥岩、泥灰岩5种特殊岩性,特殊岩性出现的总层数为73层,总厚度为7.08m,分布在嫩二段、嫩三段、嫩四段、嫩五段和明二段中。对松科1井的精细岩心描述和对特殊岩性的识别是开展后续研究工作的基础。 相似文献
6.
Rashed Abdullah Delwar Hossain M. Rafiqul Alam 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2013,82(3):271-276
The Begumganj structure of the Hatia Trough in Bengal Basin has proved it’s hydrocarbon potentiality. Several seismic sections have been analyzed to construct different maps and to interpret subsurface geology, structure and stratigraphy. These maps reveal that the Begumganj structure is an elongated to oval shaped asymmetrical anticline having the general trend NNW-SSE. No major faults affecting the structure could have been identified. Most of the reflectors are strongly affected by channels, especially at the western flank. Based on the analysis of seismic and available well data, the only gas bearing strata at depth of 2995 m (or TWT 2.02 seconds) has been identified. The structure is interpreted as a strati-structure entrapment because shale fill channel truncated this layer on western flank and at the crestal part of the anticline. The structure probably formed after the deposition of sediments. The channel has formed after the corresponding unit cut has been deposited. The channels eroding the reservoir unit range from Late Miocene to Early Pliocene age where the anticline probably begun to form during the Pliocene. Strong increase in amplitude (bright spot), possibly associated with hydrocarbon, has been apparent on seismic lines BG 9 and BG 10. The stratigraphic succession based on the information of the wells drilled on this structure and it’s surrounding fields reveals that the lithological sequences range from Miocene to Recent age where the only proven gas producing sand zone is located in the Bhuban Formation. 相似文献
7.
四川盆地东部地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩储层特征 总被引：51，自引：1，他引：50
四川盆地是中国西南部重要的含油气盆地,在东部和南部地区下志留统龙马溪组页岩广泛发育。在川东南、鄂西渝东地区的勘探井中志留系具有良好的气显示。研究区龙马溪组厚65~516m,底部为一套海侵沉积的富含笔石的黑色页岩,龙马溪组向上和向东砂质和钙质含量增加,演变为浅水陆棚沉积。龙马溪组主要由层状-非层状泥/页岩、白云质粉砂岩、层状钙质泥/页岩、泥质粉砂岩、层状-非层状粉砂质泥/页岩、粉-细粒砂岩、钙质结核、富含有机质非层状页岩8种岩相组成。总有机碳含量(TOC)为0.2%~6.7%。有机质以II型干酪根为主,Ro为2.4%~3.6%。页岩中石英矿物含量在2%~93%,主要呈纹层状或分散状分布,主要为陆源碎屑外源成因。龙马溪组页岩岩心孔隙度为0.58%~0.67%,渗透率为0.01×10-3μm2~0.93×10-3μm2。扫描电镜下龙马溪组页岩微孔隙度为2%左右,主要包括晶间孔和粒内孔,孔隙直径为100nm~50μm。页岩储层的形成机理主要为有利矿物组合、成岩作用和有机质热裂解作用。龙马溪组与美国Barnett页岩具有一定差异,主要表现在龙马溪组页岩埋藏较深、热演化程度较高、含气量较低、储层较致密、以陆源成因石英为主。对于评价下志留统龙马溪组页岩气勘探前景而言,今后须重点加强针对龙马溪组底部黑色硅质岩系石英成因、成熟度、埋藏史、含气量等方面的研究,以及进行详细的古地貌和古环境恢复。 相似文献
8.
湖南地区,尤其是湘中—湘南区域奥陶系烟溪组是我国新发现的页岩气勘探层位,该地层具有岩性变化大、有机碳含量高、成熟度高的特点。通过野外露头资料、钻井资料分析表明烟溪组岩性以硅质岩和碳质页岩为主,砂质页岩和砂岩次之。根据岩性、沉积构造以及纵向上岩石组合特征分析,认为烟溪组沉积相类型多样,包括深水盆地相、浅水盆地相、浅水陆棚相和浊积扇相等。研究表明:深水盆地相分布在湘南,浅水盆地和浅水陆棚相分布在湘中中部,而浊积扇相分布在湘中西北部、北部和东部等区域,沉积相的分布规律决定了烟溪组页岩气的勘探方向。横向上,湘南深水盆地硅质岩和碳质页岩TOC含量较低,而湘中浅水盆地相碳质页岩TOC含量高、厚度大,是烟溪组最有利的勘探区域;纵向上,烟溪组第三岩性段碳质页岩有机质丰度最高,脆性矿物含量高,是页岩气勘探的“甜点”层位。 相似文献
9.
页岩油气是当前全球油气勘探和研究的热点,但其潜力评价一直是难点。该文以中国和北美的四套典型页岩为例,包括北美湖相Green River组、内陆海相Niobrara组、中国环境来评价相龙马溪组和济阳坳陷湖相页岩,发现页岩沉积环境与其油气潜力具有密切关系,因此可通过分析发现这四套页岩的沉积环境都具有页岩沉积环境评价其页岩油气潜力。通过微量元素、生物标志化合物、扫描电镜、X-CT和X射线衍射等方法,发现这四套页岩都具有一定的还原性和较高的生产力,且具有差异性。内陆海相Niobrara组页岩具有弱还原的沉积环境,在四套页岩中有机碳含量较低,呈块状沉积构造,裂缝与微裂缝较少,储集空间相对有限。焦石坝海相龙马溪组页岩为还原的沉积环境,岩石以富含有机质的硅质岩为主,可观察到大量的大孔隙与少量的微裂缝。Green River页岩和济阳坳陷页岩形成于陆相咸化的强还原沉积环境,有机碳含量高,页岩以纹层状结构为主,岩石组成脆性矿物含量高,含有大量的裂缝。可见,具有强还原沉积环境的页岩通常具有较好的勘探前景。 相似文献
10.
Oil was first discovered in the Masila area of Yemen in the late 1990s, with about 90% of the reserves found in the Lower Qishn Clastic Member of the Qishn Formation. The porosity determinations of the Lower Qishn Clastic are relatively high and the permeability ranges from 103 to 374?md. This paper tries to evaluate the hydrocarbons in the porous zones encountered in the Lower Cretaceous formations, which were penetrated by the eight wells in the study area. The water saturation shows low values, while the hydrocarbon saturation is in a reverse relation, i.e., the hydrocarbon increases where the water saturation decreases. Different cross-plots such as Rho-PHIN, Rho-DTN, and M-N were used in lithological identification for the two studied formations (Saar and Qishn) in the studied wells. Formation evaluation and presentation forms of the obtained petrophysical parameters have frequently proven that the formations have high hydrocarbon saturation in this area and contain many pay zones. On of the main targets of this paper is to build a detailed 3D geological modeling of the Lower Cretaceous Sequence conducted through an integrated study. 相似文献
11.
三露天井田具有断层发育、地层缺失和重复明显、岩性种类较多等特点,岩性识别难度较大。为此,专门利用测井资料对三露天井田地层岩性进行了岩性识别研究。通过对14个天然气水合物钻孔不同岩性的测井响应特征分析,优选了自然伽马、中子和密度测井作为岩性识别敏感参数,并采用交会图技术制作了岩性识别图版,建立岩性划分标准,对三露天井田地层岩性进行识别与划分。利用测井资料能够识别7种主要岩性,包括砂岩、粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩、粉砂质泥岩、泥岩、油页岩和煤等。根据岩性测井识别结果,三露天井田岩性分布特征在横向上表现为东部砂岩物性好,西部地区泥岩较为发育;纵向上表现为木里组地层砂泥比为4.48,含有煤层204.5 m;江仓组地层砂泥比为0.84,泥岩和油页岩较为发育,更有利于水合物赋存。测井岩性识别结果为寻找三露天井田天然气水合物有利储层奠定了基础。 相似文献
12.
近年来发现黔南地区下石炭统打屋坝组发育厚度较大的黑色页岩层,该地层已经成为黔南地区重要的页岩气目标地层。为进一步了解该地层的页岩气参数,评价其页岩气勘探潜力,对代页1井打屋坝组黑色页岩进行观察和取样分析,显示该井打屋坝组黑色页岩钻厚为80 m,总体为一套深水陆棚相沉积; 干酪根显微组分以腐泥组、壳质组和镜质组为主,Ⅰ型-Ⅲ型干酪根均有发育,有机碳(TOC)含量主要分布在1.5%3.3%之间,镜质体反射率(Ro)为2.15%2.66%; 矿物组成以石英、黏土矿物为主,脆性矿物(不含方解石)含量在35%64%之间; 含气量在0.494.97 m3/t之间,平均为2.20 m3/t。通过露头剖面观察,显示黔南下石炭统打屋坝组黑色页岩厚度均较大,代页1井含气量较高,有机地化、储集物性参数较好,反映打屋坝组具有良好的勘探前景,可进一步加强该地层的基础地质、页岩储层改造和页岩气富集规律研究工作。 相似文献
13.
金岭寺-羊山盆地(金羊盆地)是中国北方侏罗系发育最完备的地区之一,盆地内充填的下侏罗统北票组为一套湖相泥岩,具有良好的油气潜力。在金羊盆地章吉营子凹陷西缘布置实施的4口地质调查井中,有3口井见油气显示。通过对SZK2及SZK3钻井岩心进行现场解析,北票组泥页岩在浅层测试到可观的页岩气含量,且随着深度的变化,总含气量及甲烷含量有所增加。另外,其总含气量与有机碳含量呈良好的正相关关系,是影响页岩含气量的关键因素。对比金羊盆地北票组泥页岩吸附气C同位素特征,其气体成因主要存在生物成因气和煤型气2种类型,表明下侏罗统北票组页岩气具有混合多成因的特征。通过X衍射分析综合评价,金羊盆地下侏罗统北票组泥页岩压裂条件好、天然气吸附能力强,具备一定的页岩气勘探前景,是有利的页岩气勘探开发新层系。 相似文献
14.
我国二叠系海陆交互相富有机质泥页岩层系分布广泛，主要有以山西组、太原组和龙潭组为代表的形成于滨浅海环境的含煤建造型和以孤峰组、大隆组为代表的含硅质建造型。本文通过大量页岩气富集评价参数资料对比和综合评价，得出两种层系富有机质页岩具有“有机质含量高、热演化适中、含气量高、孔隙度高”等特点，可与四川盆地已经开发的志留系龙马溪组海相页岩参数相媲美。按照页岩气形成富集成藏“岩相控碳、成岩控烃、构造控藏”的三大主控因素，综合评价和优选了鄂尔多斯盆地东缘、沁水盆地、南华北盆地、开江-梁平裂陷槽、城口-鄂西裂陷槽、皖江裂陷槽及湘中、川南-黔西等页岩气勘查远景区，期待对我国二叠系海陆交互相页岩气勘查开发提供支持。 相似文献
15.
长坡油页岩矿区位于海南岛的北部,是北部湾盆地南部坳陷的一个次级单元。区内沉积盖层主要为新近系的陆相和海相地层。长坡组地层自上而下按岩性分为5段,油页岩主要赋存在第四段中,与褐煤互层产出。油页岩矿层产状平缓,构造简单,按产出位置分为上、中、下3层。通过对油页岩矿沉积特征及形成环境研究,表明油页岩形成于气候温暖湿润陆相湖泊沼泽相环境。 相似文献
16.
Mureed Hussain Nisar Ahmed Wang Yan Chun Perveiz Khalid Azhar Mahmood Sajid Rashid Ahmad Umair Rasool 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2017,89(3):331-338
The lower Indus basin is one of the largest hydrocarbon producing sedimentary basins in Pakistan. It is characterized by the presence of many hydrocarbon-bearing fields including clastic and carbonates proven reservoirs from the Cretaceous to the Eocene age. This study has been carried out in the Sanghar oil field to evaluate the hydrocarbon prospects of basal sand zone of lower Goru Formation of Cretaceous by using complete suite of geophysical logs of different wells. The analytical formation evaluation by using petrophysical studies and neutron-density crossplots unveils that litho-facies mainly comprising of sandstone. The hydrocarbons potentialities of the formation zone have been characterized through various isoparameteric maps such as gross reservoir and net pay thickness, net-to-gross ratio, total and effective porosity, shaliness, and water and hydrocarbons saturation. The evaluated petrophysical studies show that the reservoir has net pay zone of thickness range 5 to 10 m, net-togross ratio range of 0.17 to 0.75, effective porosity range of 07 to 12 %, shaliness range of 27 to 40 % and hydrocarbon saturation range of 12 to 31 %. However, in the net pay zone hydrocarbon saturation reaches up to 95%. The isoparametric charts of petrophysically derived parameters reveal the aerial distribution of hydrocarbons accumulation in basal sand unit of the lower Goru Formation which may be helpful for further exploration. 相似文献
17.
为了查明川东南盆缘常压页岩气区五峰组页岩裂缝脉体记录的古温度及古压力特征,揭示常压页岩气区储层压力降低的主要影响因素和页岩气散失机理.以松坎地区五峰组黑色碳质页岩裂缝脉体内的流体包裹体为主要研究对象,通过显微镜光学观察、阴极发光测试、包裹体测温和激光拉曼分析,结合埋藏-生烃-热史模拟,对裂缝脉体中的气-液两相盐水包裹体和高密度甲烷包裹体进行了系统研究.研究表明:松坎地区五峰组裂缝中主要存在着两期脉体充填,M1裂缝脉体形成时间距今约103~86 Ma,脉体较宽、阴极发光颜色为橘红色,其内甲烷包裹体捕获压力为82.6~91.5 MPa,反映燕山中期盆缘地区页岩气藏处在超压状态;M2裂缝脉体生长于M1裂缝脉体两侧,形成时间距今约90~72 Ma,脉体较窄、阴极发光颜色为暗红色,其内甲烷包裹体捕获压力为43.6~47.3 MPa.综合分析认为,川东南盆缘松坎地区五峰组在燕山期经历了由超压至常压的转变.燕山期以来的抬升剥蚀与褶皱变形导致地层内大量页岩气沿着滑脱层发生侧向运移和散失,地层压力快速下降.燕山晚期时,盆内稳定构造区页岩气藏仍处于超压状态,而盆缘地区已降至常压. 相似文献
18.
Marie-Pierre Aubry William A. Berggren Christian Dupuis Holeil Ghaly David Ward Chris King Robert W. O'B. Knox Khaled Ouda Moustafa Youssef Wael Fathi Galal 《地学学报》2009,21(4):237-256
We present a review of archaeological and geological studies on the West Bank as a basis for discussing the geological setting of the tombs and geologically related problems with a view to providing archaeologists with a framework in which to conduct their investigations on the restoration, preservation and management of the antique monuments. Whereas the geology of the Upper Nile Valley appears to be deceptively simple, the lithological succession is vertically variable, and we have recognized and defined several new lithological units within the upper Esna Shale Formation. We have been able to delineate lithological (shale/limestone) contacts in several tombs and observed that the main chambers in some were excavated below the Esna Shale in the Tarawan Chalk Formation. We have been able to document changing dip in the strata (warping) in several tombs, and to delineate two major orientations of fractures in the field. Investigations behind the Temple of Hatshepsut, in the Valley of the Kings and around Deir El Medina have revealed four broad regional structures. We confirm that the hills located near the Nile Valley, such as Sheik Abdel Qurna, do not belong to the tabular structure of the Theban Mountain, but are discrete displaced blocks including the Thebes Limestone, as supported by Google Earth photographs. 相似文献
19.
下扬子地区中、下三叠统青龙群岩相古地理研究及编图 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
下扬子地区青龙群分殷坑组、龙山组、扁担山组和马鞍山组,前三组属下三叠统,后一组属中三叠统。主要由碳酸盐岩、碎屑岩及蒸发岩组成。用单因素分析综合作图法,做出了殷坑期、和龙山期、扁担山期和东马鞍山期的岩相古地理图4幅。殷坑期的下扬子海具“四分”特征,即自南而北依次为浅水碎屑岩台地、浅水碳酸盐岩台地、深水斜坡和深水盆地。和龙山期的古地理面貌与殷坑期大体相同。扁担山期的“四分”特征己不明显,浅水碳酸盐岩台地及浅滩发育。东马鞍山期的下扬子海全为浅水环境、潮坪及泻湖发育。从殷坑期到东马鞍山期,呈现出一个明显的海退序列。 相似文献
20.
黔北地区位于上扬子地台区,断裂构造发育。该地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组海相沉积发育,以陆棚沉积为主,尤以深水陆棚沉积对页岩气形成有利。目标层位牛蹄塘组绥页1井资料分析的结果表明: 牛蹄塘组有利潜质页岩主要位于该组下部,有机质丰度高、成熟度高、微裂隙发育、含气性好,页岩气的保存条件好,牛蹄塘组上段成为保存页岩气的良好盖层。牛蹄塘组页岩气地质特征分析表明,牛蹄塘组页岩气资源潜力较大。 相似文献