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1.
Water resources management is an important driver in social and economic development. Water shortage is one of the most critical issues threatening human welfare, public health, and ecosystems. This issue has turned into a major challenge in many river basins all around the world due to the imbalance in water supply and demand. Use of simulation models can be effective tools in providing water managers with scientifically supported decisions in dealing with complex and uncertain water resource systems. System dynamics approach serves as a management tool and may play an important role in understanding the cause–effect in water resources systems. In the present study, system dynamics approach was applied to simulate management strategies dealing with Tehran metropolitan water resources systems. In the developed model, the trend of water storage in the next 30-year period and the effectiveness of water supply strategies were simulated. The results showed that, despite the growing shortage of the water resources, optimal use of existing resources under appropriate strategies could reduce water deficit within the next 30 years. 相似文献
2.
从GIS在城市地下水管网管理信息系统的应用研究入手,分析使用MapX集成技术在城市地下水管网管线管理过程带来的优势,探讨利用Mapx集成技术在城市地下水管网数据集成、信息采集与处理及数据管理分析等一系列过程。系统采用Visual Basic与MapX集成技术及SQL Server2000数据库平台综合应用开发而成的,系统开发过程快速简单,功能完善,可充分发挥GIS的矢量数据对城市地下水管网分布情况的编辑、管理、分析等功能,还能对地下水管网受损受害地点的快速、精确定位管理指挥具有一定的应用价值。系统的开发实现为城市地下水管网的网络化管理指挥进程提供了一种全新的解决方案,且还保证城市地下水资源可持续性利用和城市经济和社会的可持续性发展。 相似文献
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GIS支持下岩溶地下水资料信息系统的开发与应用 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Resources
Information System is a significant tool for the exploitation and management of resources.
Supported by advanced Geological Information System softwares, the authors designed and
established the Karst Groundwater Resources Information System of Xuzhou City based on the
current situation of groundwater exploitation. The authors made great efforts to discuss
how to use GIS and database technique to manage the information of groundwater resources
scientificlly and how to use integrated techniques to create an integrated unity. The
system includes five modules,namely, information input,information maintenance, query and
search, application and analysis, and information output. This system runs quickly,
accurately, intuitively and scientifically. The Karst Groundwater Resource Information
System has been applied in practice and achieved good results. 相似文献
5.
R. K. Prasad N. C. Mondal Pallavi Banerjee M. V. Nandakumar V. S. Singh 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(3):467-475
Remote Sensing and Geographic Information System has become one of the leading tools in the field of hydrogeological science,
which helps in assessing, monitoring and conserving groundwater resources. It allows manipulation and analysis of individual
layer of spatial data. It is used for analysing and modelling the interrelationship between the layers. This paper mainly
deals with the integrated approach of Remote Sensing and geographical information system (GIS) to delineate groundwater potential
zones in hard rock terrain. The remotely sensed data at the scale of 1:50,000 and topographical information from available
maps, have been used for the preparation of ground water prospective map by integrating geology, geomorphology, slope, drainage-density
and lineaments map of the study area. Further, the data on yield of aquifer, as observed from existing bore wells in the area,
has been used to validate the groundwater potential map. The final result depicts the favourable prospective zones in the
study area and can be helpful in better planning and management of groundwater resources especially in hard rock terrains. 相似文献
6.
河西走廊疏勒河流域水资源管理问题分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从水资源管理体制、配置程序、市场化管理等方面探讨了河西走廊疏勒河流域水资源管理及存在的问题。目前流域已建成较健全的用水者协会体系,水价和水权在不断调整以适应水资源管理的需求。其管理存在以下问题：受地方行政、企业等多方权力博弈的影响,地表水和地下水处于双线管理状态,未能实现流域水资源的全面统一管理;用水者协会的职能未得到充分发挥,公众参与水资源管理不积极;流域内水价、水权制度不完善。建议如下：应在甘肃省水利厅和酒泉市政府之间形成协调机制,以协调各相关方的权益,完善流域管理局和地方政府统一协调的水资源管理体系,实现流域水资源的集成管理;加强流域机构立法,实现流域水资源的统一管理与调配;将协会的职责和义务融入到村委会的职务中,并完善水价制度,建立水权交易市场,以调动公众的自我管理和实现水资源的高效利用。 相似文献
7.
M.S. Rasmussen R. James T. Adiyasuren P. Khishigsuren B. Naranchimeg R. Gankhuyag B. Baasanjargal 《GeoJournal》1999,47(4):563-571
Since 1990, Mongolia has experienced a radical change away from centralized livestock production to more traditional rangeland
management practices. As the herders now have increased access to the pastures, they need to be able to evaluate the sustainable
level of exploitation of the rangeland. This paper demonstrates how pertinent information on the state of the rangeland resources
can be made available to herdsmen by using a Geographical Information System (GIS). The focus is on the importance of having
a sound data and information framework when assessing rangeland resources. The three main requirements are: first, knowledge
of the production system; second, a natural resource inventory; and third, an assessment of the natural resource exploitation.
Workshops held in the field brought together herdsmen, administrators, scientists and project personnel to identify and discuss
issues of range management. From topographic maps, a digital elevation model was created using GIS, which together with a
recent land-cover map elaborated from a SPOT satellite image made it possible to map the important areas suitable for winter
grazing. The exact locations of the family winter settlements were recorded and linked to annual livestock statistics using
GIS to identify the areas being grazed and to calculate the stocking rates by household. It was shown for the administrative
unit of Arbayasgalan that the ratio of stocking rates to carrying capacity exceeded one, which indicates overstocking. However,
the uneven distribution of grazing pressure over the study area enabled the proposal of actions to mitigate serious overgrazing.
A discussion of range management practices was facilitated by providing the herdsmen with information on the extent and location
of the problem.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
8.
Vision 2020: Towards an environmentally sound and sustainable development of freshwater resources in Malaysia 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
S. C. Ho 《GeoJournal》1996,40(1-2):73-84
Malaysia has a climate of high humidity, high temperature and abundant rainfall. Rivers supply about 97% of the country's total water needs while ground water accounts for the rest. About 40% of the treated water is lost through man-caused leakages. With a population of 18.3 million people, the total annual domestic, industrial and irrigation water demand is about 11.6 x 106 MI. This figure is projected to rise to 15.2 x 106 MI by year 2000. At present, the total daily water demand is about 4,979 MI and the production capacity is 6,513 MI. Water use and misuse now strain the nation's fragile aquatic environment and natural ecosystems. Current water resource management priorities include water quality improvement, river rehabilitation to restore over-channalized or polluted rivers and development of the inland fisheries potential especially in large man-made reservoirs. A River Basin Information System has been developed to provide integrated information on catchment characteristics, landuse, population and socio-economic profile, river flow, pollution sources, water quality classification, and aquatic biota. Vision 2020 challenges call for a long-term perspective in inland water resource management. Critical post-audits of largescale development and strategic research aimed at alternative and interacting patterns of landwater use are urgently needed. 相似文献
9.
黑河流域生态—水文观测试验与水—生态集成管理研究 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
对黑河流域水—生态—经济系统研究的主要内容“流域生态—水文观测试验与流域水—生态集成管理”做了概要论述。认为流域水循环、生态水、集成水管理三大科学问题的解决必需加强该领域的研究;结合黑河流域的前期基础、研究现状和能力建设,提出了近期研究的4个领域：流域水循环、水平衡与可利用水资源;流域生态—水文过程与生态环境用水;人类活动驱动的流域水—生态系统演变;流域生态—水文野外平台与流域集成环境。对此进行了进一步的阐述,对该方面研究的方法论和技术难点亦做了简述。 相似文献
10.
基于GIS的水资源管理信息系统 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）因为其强大的空间数据处理能力,为水资源管理提供了一个新颖、高效的工具。本文深入ＧＩＳ的功能和水资源管理的实际,通过山西汾阳县的应用实例,阐述了应用ＡｒｃｈＩｎｆｏ／ＡｒｃＶｉｅｗ构建水资源管理信息系统过程中的信息收集、储存、分析以及二次开发的方法和过程,分析了两者结合应用的可行性和优越性,并讨论了这种方法在水资源系统模拟、辅助决策支持等方面的广泛应用前景。 相似文献
11.
The need for a unified and improved data access system for the nation’s vast hydrologic data holdings has increased over the past few years as researchers strive for better understanding the human impact on the nation’s water cycle. Large mission oriented data repositories such as the USGS’ National Water Information System (NWIS) and EPA’s Storage and Retrieval System (EPA STORET) play a crucial role in providing a substantial amount of the nationwide coverage, however they do differ regionally in terms of coverage (parameters) and geospatial data density. Besides the differences in geographic distribution, repositories tend to undergo changes in mission statements and as such have different foci in their data collection activities that change as time progresses. This paper places the two water information systems next to each in an attempt to work out the differences in terms of coverage and content and how they complement each other when overlaid. This is done through the use of a number the CUAHSI Hydrologic Information Systems components, namely a web-service suite called WaterOneFlow that permits interrogation of the available data content of a national water metadata catalogue into which these two information systems have been integrated. 相似文献
12.
简要介绍了地理信息系统(GIS)和近十年来GIS在水文水资源领域中的应用。讨论了在具体应用中,如何选择GIS软件包。作为个例,介绍了爱尔兰国立大学都柏林学院水资源研究中心应用地理信息系统——ARC/INFO开发研究的流域水管理决策支持系统。 相似文献
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14.
Application of MODFLOW and geographic information system to groundwater flow simulation in North China Plain, China 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Shiqin Wang Jingli Shao Xianfang Song Yongbo Zhang Zhibin Huo Xiaoyuan Zhou 《Environmental Geology》2008,55(7):1449-1462
MODFLOW is a groundwater modeling program. It can be compiled and remedied according to the practical applications. Because
of its structure and fixed data format, MODFLOW can be integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) technology for
water resource management. The North China Plain (NCP), which is the politic, economic and cultural center of China, is facing
with water resources shortage and water pollution. Groundwater is the main water resource for industrial, agricultural and
domestic usage. It is necessary to evaluate the groundwater resources of the NCP as an entire aquifer system. With the development
of computer and internet information technology it is also necessary to integrate the groundwater model with the GIS technology.
Because the geological and hydrogeological data in the NCP was mainly in MAPGIS format, the powerful function of GIS of disposing
of and analyzing spatial data and computer languages such as Visual C and Visual Basic were used to define the relationship
between the original data and model data. After analyzing the geological and hydrogeological conditions of the NCP, the groundwater
flow numerical simulation modeling was constructed with MODFLOW. On the basis of GIS, a dynamic evaluation system for groundwater
resources under the internet circumstance was completed. During the process of constructing the groundwater model, a water
budget was analyzed, which showed a negative budget in the NCP. The simulation period was from 1 January 2002 to 31 December
2003. During this period, the total recharge of the groundwater system was 49,374 × 106 m3 and the total discharge was 56,530 × 106 m3 the budget deficit was −7,156 × 106 m3. In this integrated system, the original data including graphs and attribution data could be stored in the database. When
the process of evaluating and predicting groundwater flow was started, these data were transformed into files that the core
program of MODFLOW could read. The calculated water level and drawdown could be displayed and reviewed online. 相似文献
15.
水资源管理决策支持系统研究进展与展望 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
从框架、 技术等方面介绍了水资源管理决策支持系统发展状态, 总结了水资源管理决策支持系统的3个发展阶段: 模型模拟阶段、 模型模拟+DSS(DSS: Decision Support System)阶段、 情景分析+集成建模环境+DSS工具阶段, 阐述了这3个发展阶段各自的特点, 剖析了制约水资源管理决策支持系统的发展因素, 讨论了建立一个成功的水资源管理决策支持系统应具备的条件和采用的方式. 最后, 提出了集成综合观测系统、 集成建模环境和联机协商环境的水资源管理决策支持系统框架. 相似文献
16.
Simulation of water resources management scenarios in western Algeria watersheds using WEAP model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abdelkader Hamlat Mohamed Errih Azeddine Guidoum 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2013,6(7):2225-2236
The question of water constitutes a permanent challenge for the countries of North Africa in general and Algeria in particular. For over 20 years, western Algeria region had significant rainfall deficits that resulted in severe droughts, which seriously affected the water resources in terms of quality and quantity. This research presents one of the Water Evaluation and Planning (WEAP) model applications in watersheds of western Algeria. The model is applied to evaluate and analyze the existing balance and expected future water resources management scenarios by taking into account the different operating policies and factors that may affect demand until 2030. The results showed that neither domestic demand nor agricultural demand is met for the basis year 2006. The results also showed that domestic demand can be satisfied for the considered scenarios. Demand management and development of standard of living are the necessary procedures for proper management of the available resources. However, agricultural demand cannot be satisfied for Development of Large Irrigation System scenarios. The results confirmed that WEAP software offers a solid basis to assist planners in developing recommendations for future water resource management by revealing hot spots of action. 相似文献
17.
S. L. Kayastha Dr. 《GeoJournal》1981,5(6):563-572
Water is one of the basic resources of mankind and is vital to all forms of life. Although water is abundant covering 3/4 of the earth, yet it is a scarce resource; its universal use and the fact that only 3% is drinkable, makes its utilization and conservation, a most complicated problem, which has received inadequate attention. Water is like Shiva; it can create, preserve and destory. It is man's greatest friend and for; while it sustains life, it is a killer also. Water resources are limited but the demand for water continues to rise steeply, making the need most urgent for an efficient planning and implementation of programme of water resource appraisal, development, conservation and management. 相似文献
18.
基于GIS技术的矿产资源信息系统 总被引：8，自引：3，他引：8
地质资料基本上可以分为空间数据和属性数据两大类.它们是地学数据不可分割的两方面,客观上要求统一进行管理.采用地理信息系统技术,可以彻底解决两种类型数据统一管理问题.结合正在开展的辽宁省矿产资源勘查、开发与利用规划工作,论述了建立基于GIS技术的辽宁矿产资源信息系统实现数据可视化和空间模型分析的思路和实现方法.它为今后矿产资源管理工作实现全面科学化管理提供了现代化手段,也为制定行业发展规划以及进行生产决策提供了支持,进而促进地质找矿和矿产开发的工作部署朝思维可视化及思路多样化的方向发展. 相似文献
19.
电磁法综合探测系统研究 总被引：15，自引：1，他引：14
针对地下隐伏资源勘查对大深度、多参量电磁法技术的发展要求,利用天然场音频大地电磁的大深度探测及人工场激电法的多参量探测,在对分布式的场量接收和大功率的发射仪器硬件研制,以及数据处理资料解释研究基础上,成功研制了阵列天然场电磁法探测技术及混场源电磁法探测技术系统。经矿区试验应用表明,阵列天然场电磁法探测技术系统具有轻便高效大深度探测的特点,适宜于不同地貌景观尤其是困难条件下隐伏资源的大深度探测,而混场源电磁法探测技术系统不仅可获取大深度的天然场电阻率信息,还能获取人工场激电信息,可广泛应用于金属矿资源、地下水资源及油气资源的勘查。 相似文献
20.
岩土工程施工监测信息系统初探 总被引：20，自引：7，他引：20
岩土工程施工监测信息系统（GeoMIS）主要以隧道、基坑和边歧工程施工监测为应用现象，运用工程可视化技术与地理信息系统GIS的全新思想，将数据库管理、分析预测与测点图形功能三者无缝集成，实现了以测点地图为中心的查询和数据输入输出的双向可视化，并提供监测概瞀和图形报表等完整的实用工具。系统功能齐全，交互灵活，无需其它应用软件系统支撑，对工程施工设计与科学研究具有实用价值。 相似文献