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1.
程广芬 《山东海洋学院学报》1988,18(1):70-80
厌氧沉积的有孔虫组合中，底栖有孔虫主要由Bolivina诸种和Buliminella tenuata组成，同时含有少量厌氧标志种Suggrunda eckisi；浮游有孔虫中Globigerina bulloides和G．quingueloba为数较多。底栖有孔虫与浮游有孔虫数量相比，浮游有孔虫数量很少。 相似文献
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对北极和巴伦支陆缘海表层沉积物中底栖有孔虫的研究揭示了几种碳酸钙溶解迹象．碳酸钙含量低与钙质/粘合有孔虫、浮游/底栖有孔虫比值低，存活/死亡有孔虫、溶蚀钙质有孔虫比值高，以及有孔虫露出内层数量高相一致． 相似文献
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汪品先 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2003,23(3):16-16
20世纪早期世界上石油勘探开始不久 ,就发现有孔虫可以用来对比地层 ,于是微体古生物学突然发展起来 ;但当时用的只是底栖有孔虫。今天成为海洋研究中最为重要的化石门类浮游有孔虫 ,却是到了 2 0世纪 5 0年代才发现有地层意义 ,不过当时也只是用作一种年代标记而已。到六七十年代浮游有孔虫的生态学的研究发展起来 ,才把它看作生活在大洋里的生物 ,成为研究古环境、古海洋学的主要依据。但是我国的读者不见得都知道 ,浮游有孔虫生态学研究的开拓者却是一位美国的华裔学者马维骅 (AllanB啨)博士。不同于底栖有孔虫 ,浮游有孔虫很难人工饲养… 相似文献
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浙江海岸带表层沉积物中有孔虫的分布及其影响因子 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过对浙江沿岸潮间带和水深小于20m浅海区的102个表层沉积样品的有孔虫分析,发现研究区内有孔虫的数量和组合存在明显差异。潮间带底栖和浮游有孔虫的数量明显低于浅水区,底栖有孔虫数量分布趋势是由北向南逐渐增加,而浮游有孔虫恰好与底栖有孔虫相反。除杭州湾外,潮间带的浮游有孔虫相当稀少。根据有孔虫动物群的数量及分布特点,研究区的底栖有孔虫可分为3个组合和5个亚组合。文中还叙述了玻璃状壳,似瓷状壳和胶结壳等各类壳的分布特点。最后讨论了有孔虫分布与水深、温度、盐度、搬运作用和“稀释”作用等的相互关系。 相似文献
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对日本周围海域海底沉积物中浮游有孔虫和底栖有孔虫的有机碳作了放射性碳同位素年代值的比较。东海海域浮游、底栖有孔虫的年代差约为８００ａ ,代表了表层水和底层水的年代差。根据日本海北部的研究结果推测 :该海域全新世海洋储存库年代约为３５０ａ。海底沉积物中记录的环境变化和地质变化信息可用沉积学、地球化学和古生物学等方法解释。这些作为最后的解释方法是无可厚非的 ,但是使用精度尽可能准确的时间刻度法也是很必要的。在海底沉积物中插入的时间刻度法除了岩相层序和火山灰层序等地质学方法、研究生物变迁的古生物学方法、研究… 相似文献
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南海东北部晚第四纪古生产力变化 总被引：17，自引：2，他引：15
通过对南海东北部、吕宋岛西北岩外１７９２８柱状样吕浮游、底栖有孔虫丰度及其与生产力有关和属种含量变化的研究,发现该柱状样在末次冰期（氧同位素２～４期）和氧同位素６期时,浮游、底栖有孔虫丰度增高,高生产力的有孔虫含量也在这两个时期出现高值,说明此时该区具有同的生力水平,这种现象可能与冰期时陆营养盐输入量增加、东亚冬季风增强并在此形成上升流有关。 相似文献
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我国南海诸岛的中沙群岛位于西沙群岛的东南侧，由许多隐伏于海面以下的大小珊瑚礁组成。中沙群岛的有孔虫，过去尚无报道。
本文是根据1975年采自中沙群岛的三份珊瑚砂样品进行研究的，尽管现有样品数量不多，但其所含有孔虫种类却相当丰富。经鉴定，共212种(包括亚种)，分隶于43科122属。其中有1个新属、23个新种。在这212种中，除14种属于浮游种类外，其余198种均属底栖种类。在198种底栖有孔虫中，砂质胶结型种类约占14.6%(29种)，钙质无孔型种类约占28.3%(56种)，钙质有孔型种类约占57.1%(113种)。从种类组成看，中沙群岛的有孔虫区系与西沙群岛的大体相似。不过，中沙群岛有52种底栖有孔虫尚未在西沙群岛发现，且其中的一种大型有孔虫剌浆果拟白垩虫Baculogypsinoides spinosa Yabe and Hanzawa大量出现，由此看来,中沙群岛的有孔虫区系与西沙群岛的还是有一定差别的。
本文仅对作者等在“西沙群岛的现代有孔虫Ⅰ”和“西沙群岛的现代有孔虫Ⅱ”两文中尚未报道过的52种底栖有孔虫加以描述和图示,而对在上述两文中已报道过的种类不再重述。
所有新种的模式标本均保存于中国科学院海洋研究所。 相似文献
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波罗的海和卡特加特海峡水体的有孔虫标志适合于底栖有孔虫生活的北大西洋咸水周期性地通过丹麦海峡进入波罗的海。随着往东北方向远离海峡，有孔虫的数量和种类逐渐减少。在现代波罗的海生活着１２至３８种底栖有孔虫，其中大部分为凝集种。随着北大西洋海水进入波罗的海... 相似文献
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Based on a quantitative analysis of foraminifera in 39 surface samples of the Bering andChukchi Seas, the nearly absence of planktonic foraminifera in the surface sediments can be related to the low surface primary productivity and strong carbonate dissolution in the study area. It has been revealed that the surface primary productivity, and carbonate dissolution and properties of water masses related to the water depth mainly control the distribution of benthic foraminifera. The shelf of the Chukchi Sea is dominated by the Elphidium spp. assemblage and Nonionella robusta assemblage with low foraminiferal abundance and diversity, which is controlled by the coastal water mass of the Arctic Ocean. The slope of the Bering Sea is dominated by the Uvigerina peregrina - Globobulimina affinis assemblage with abundant N. robusta, and relatively high foraminiferal abundance and diversity, which is controlled by the intermediate and deep water masses of the Pacific Ocean. However, the Bering Sea has relatively sha 相似文献
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白令海和楚科奇海表层沉积中的有孔虫及其沉积环境 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
通过对白令海和北冰洋楚科奇海39个表层沉积样品中有孔虫的定量分析,发现表层沉积中浮游有孔虫稀少可能与该区表层生产力低、碳酸盐溶解作用较强有关,而底栖有孔虫的分布则主要受表层初级生产力以及与水深相关的碳酸盐溶解作用和水团性质所控制,其中北冰洋楚科奇海陆架区有孔虫以Elphidium spp.组合和Nonionella robusta组合为主,丰度和分异度低,受北冰洋沿岸水团控制;白令海陆坡区有孔虫以Uvigerina peregrina-Globobulimina affinis组合为主,含N.robusta较多,丰度和分异度相对高,受太平洋中层和深层水团控制,但该区碳酸盐溶跃层和补偿深度(CCD)相对浅,约分别位于2000和3800m处.此外,白令海陆坡上部表层沉积中含有北冰洋陆坡区典型深水底栖有孔虫种Stetsonia arctica,说明白令海峡两侧的海区曾有深部水交流. 相似文献
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东海中陆架晚第四纪底栖有孔虫定量分析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
利用东海中陆架EY02-1孔的柱状样品对底栖有孔虫动物群进行了定量分析研究,结合Q型因子分析及AMS“C测年数据,对东海中陆架古水团演化进行了初步探讨。Q型因子分析得到5个主因子．方差累积贡献为84．9％,这5个有孔虫组合在钻孔相关层位上反映特定的古水团特征。主因子1为Elphidium magellanicum组合,代表低温低盐沿岸水团(5～10m);主因子2为Bolivina robusta组合,代表中陆架水团(50～100m);主因子3为Protelphidium tuberculatum组合,代表外延的古黄海冷水团;主因子4为Florilus decorus组合,代表内陆架水团(0～50m);主因子5为Epistominella naraensis组合,代表水体较凉的水深大于30m的内陆架水团。结果表明,冰后期以古长江冲淡水为主体的低温低盐沿岸水团、中陆架水团及内陆架水团交替影响EY02-1孔附近中陆架。在氧同位素3期以古长江冲淡水为主体的东海沿岸流与外延的古黄海冷水团控制着有孔虫组合。在氧同位素5a-5c期间,EY02-1孔附近中陆架可能已受到古黄海冷水团的影响。该孔顶部11．4m含大量贝壳的细砂沉积可能对应氧同位素1期U2层潮流沙脊脊部沉积,细砂平均沉积速率高达0.877mm／a。 相似文献
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Benthic foraminiferal analysis of 29 samples in surface sediments from the southern Okinawa Trough is carried out.The results indicate that benthic foraminiferal abundance decreases rapidly with increasing water depth.Percentage frequencies of agglutinated foraminifera further confirm the modern shallow carbonate lysocline in the southern Okinawa Trough.From continental shelf edge to the bottom of Okinawa Trough,benthic foraminiferal fauna in the surface sediments can be divided into 5 assemblages:(1) Continental shelf break assemblage,dominated by Cibicides pseudoungerianus,corresponds to subsurface water mass of the Kuroshio Current;(2) upper continental slope assemblage,dominated by Cassidulina carinata,Globocassidulina subglobosa,corresponds to intermediate water mass of the Kuroshio Current;(3) intermediate continental slope assemblage,dominated by Uvigerina hispida,corresponds to the Okinawa Trough deep water mass above the carbonate lysocline. 相似文献
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Xiang Rong Li Tiegang Yang Zuosheng Yan Jun Cao Qiyuan College of Marine Geosciences Ocean University of China 《海洋学报(英文版)》2003,(1)
Benthic foraminiferal analysis of 29 samples in surface sediments from the southern Okinawa Trough is carried out. The results indicate that benthic foraminiferal abundance decreases rapidly with increasing water depth. Percentage frequencies of agglutinated foraminifera further confirm the modern shallow carbonate lysocline in the southern Okinawa Trough. From continental shelf edge to the bottom of Okinawa Trough, benthic foraminiferal fauna in the surface sediments can be divided into 5 assemblages: (1) Continental shelf break assemblage, dominated by Cibicides pseudoungerianus, corresponds to subsurface water mass of the Kuroshio Current; (2) upper continental slope assemblage, dominated by Cassidulina carinata , Globocassidulina subglobosa, corresponds to intermediate water mass of the Kuroshio Current; (3) intermediate continental slope assemblage, dominated by Uvigerina hispi-da, corresponds to the Okinawa Trough deep water mass above the carbonate lysocline; (4) lower continental slope- trough b 相似文献
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西北冰洋表层沉积物中的底栖有孔虫组合及其古环境意义 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
通过对中国第1~4次北极考察在西北冰洋采集的表层沉积物中底栖有孔虫丰度及其优势种分布特征与环境因素关系的综合研究发现,楚科奇海区低的底栖有孔虫丰度主要受较高的陆源物质输入的稀释作用影响;楚科奇海台和阿尔法脊较高的底栖有孔虫丰度主要受到暖而咸的大西洋中层水的影响;受碳酸钙溶解作用影响的门捷列夫深海平原和加拿大海盆底栖有孔虫丰度较低,并且水深3 597 m的站位出现了似瓷质壳的Pyrgo williamsoni和Quinqueloculina orientalis,说明该区的CCD深度大于3 600 m。根据底栖有孔虫7个优势属种的百分含量分布特征可以划分出5个区域组合:南楚科奇海陆架-白令海峡组合以优势种Elphidium excavatum和Buccella frigida为特征,可能反映受白令海陆架水影响的浅水环境;阿拉斯加沿岸-波弗特海组合以优势种Florilus scaphus和Elphidium albiumbilicatum为特征,可能反映受季节性海冰融化,低盐的阿拉斯加沿岸流以及河流淡水输入的低盐环境;大西洋中层水组合以优势种Cassidulina laevigata为特征,可能反映高温高盐的大西洋中层水影响的环境;北极深层水组合以优势种Cibicides wuellerstorfi为特征,可能反映水深大于1 500 m低温高盐的北极深层水环境;门捷列夫深海平原组合以优势种Oridorsalis umbonatus为特征,可能反映低营养的底层水环境。 相似文献
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Examination of a time series of foraminiferal assemblage distributions on the continental shelf and slope of Santa Monica Bay from 1955 to 1997-1998 suggests that the benthic microfauna have been greatly affected by the quality and character of the municipal sludge and wastewater discharged into the bay over the last half-century by the Hyperion Treatment Plant serving the greater Los Angeles area. Five species dominate both the living and dead foraminiferal assemblages of the 1997-1998 surface samples, including Eggerella advena, Trochammina pacifica, Bulimina denudata, Buliminella elegantissima, and Epistominella bradyana. Temporal patterns of relative species abundances for both living and dead assemblages, as well as toxicity tests measuring amphipod survival and sea urchin fertilization success, show improvement since the sewage treatment program was enhanced in 1986. None of these trends are evident 10 years earlier, coincident with the onset of a Pacific Decadal Oscillation warming trend. This fact suggests that remediation, and not climate change, is responsible for the faunal changes observed. Even with remediation, however, all foraminiferal faunal trends have not returned to early-outfall levels. The organic-waste indicating species T. pacifica shows a slow decline in abundance as sewage treatment and sludge disposal activities have improved, whereas a dramatic increase in the abundance of the pioneer colonizer of impacted regions, E. advena, has occurred, often with a reciprocal response by B. denudata. Also evident is a dramatic shift in the abundance of the once-dominant species Nonionella basispinata and Nonionella stella, which were unable to recolonize Santa Monica Bay since the two major outfalls (5- and 7-mile) began discharging. Temporal variations in species abundances, as well as range expansions, contractions, and the inability to recolonize areas previously, or presently, impacted, suggests that foraminifers are a useful tool in defining areas affected by waste discharge. 相似文献
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《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2006,53(5):751-775
Assemblages of live (Rose-Bengal-stained) and dead benthic foraminifera and stable oxygen and carbon isotopic composition of live benthic foraminifera were studied in and outside a bacterial mat composed of the large sulphur-oxidizing bacteria Thioploca and Beggiatoa from the oxygen-minimum zone off Pakistan (NE Arabian Sea). Two cores from the same Multicorer retrieved a bacterial mat and ambient sediment. The dominant species (Globobulimina affinis, G. turgida, Bolivina pacifica, B. pseudopunctata, Uvigerina peregrina and Buliminella tenuata) in both cores are characteristic for dysoxic oxygen minimum zone conditions. The most significant difference between the two cores is the reduced number of stained benthic foraminifera (SBF) in the top 0.5 cm of the bacterial mat. Faunal densities of stained species are more than four times higher in the sediment surface sample (0–0.5 cm) outside the bacterial mat, at a distance of only 1.5 m. All stained species, however, observed outside the Beggiatoa/Thioploca mat were also observed in the core with the mat. Two species, Virgulinella fragilis and Bolivina dilatata, occur exclusively in the core with the bacterial mat. The diversity within the bacterial mat core is thus slightly higher than outside. Furthermore, the abundances of the species Buliminella morgani, B. tenuata and Alliatina primitiva are substantially higher in the bacterial mat than outside. Globobuliminids, on the other hand, seem to prefer the conditions outside the bacterial mat and are five times more frequent in the core taken outside the bacterial mat. Benthic foraminifers inhabit a broader microhabitat range outside the bacterial mat (∼5 cm) than within (3.5 cm). A marked decrease in SBF abundances was observed at the level of a black sulphur-rich layer which is interpreted to mark the shallow redox front below the bacterial mat. Stable carbon isotope analyses on live benthic foraminifera do not support a relation of the investigated Beggiatoa/Thioploca mat to a constant or seasonal seepage of methane at the continental slope off Pakistan. Surprisingly, however, stable oxygen isotope values of many species and especially of U. peregrina decrease with depth, which calls into question the suitability of U. peregrina as a recorder of bottom-water δ18O. 相似文献
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南海东沙海域HD319岩心富甲烷环境底栖有孔虫群落结构 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对南海东北部东沙海域HD319岩心富甲烷环境和非富甲烷环境底栖有孔虫进行对比研究,旨在探讨富甲烷环境对底栖有孔虫群落结构的影响。结果表明,该岩心富甲烷环境和非富甲烷环境的底栖有孔虫组成有所差异:富甲烷缺氧环境底栖有孔虫群落中耐低氧类内生种群占绝对优势,Uvigerina(U.peregerina,U.hispido-costata,U.rugosa,U.probscidea,U.spp.),Bulimina(B.aculeata,B.mexicana),Bolivina(B.bradyi,B.quad-rilatera),Globocassidulina subglobosa,Brizalina superba,Hoglundina elegans等冷泉甲烷相关种大量出现;非富甲烷一般低氧环境下底栖有孔虫以内生种含量占优势,表生种和旋向种零星出现;富氧环境下底栖有孔虫以表生种和旋向种占优势,受有机碳含量变化控制明显。推测底栖有孔虫这种群落结构的差异是适应高甲烷含量的结果,底栖有孔虫对富甲烷环境的响应通过群落结构的差异表现出来。 相似文献
20.
南海神狐海域含水合物层底栖有孔虫群落结构与同位素组成 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为评价水合物甲烷对底栖有孔虫群落结构和同位素的影响,对南海北部神狐海域获取天然气水合物的钻孔BY3岩心,进行底栖有孔虫群落结构和稳定同位素分析,发现含水合物层底栖有孔虫丰度、分异度下降,群落中以内生种占绝对优势,有孔虫破碎率增加;与不含水合物层中的底栖有孔虫相比,含水合物层的底栖有孔虫碳同位素值出现较明显的负偏移。含水合物层中的Uvigerinaspp.、Cibicidesspp.和Oridorsalisspp.的δ13C平均值分别为-1.61‰、-0.79‰和-1.80‰,而在不含水合物层它们的δ13C平均值分别为-0.88‰、-0.27‰和-1.04‰;其中Uvigerinaspp.和Oridorsalisspp.的δ13C最轻值均出现在含水合物层,分别为-1.83‰和-2.29‰。这些说明底栖有孔虫在生长和埋藏过程中可能受到沉积物中甲烷水合物形成和演化的影响。 相似文献