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1.
大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)是表示岩石圈强度的参数,计算该参数对研究岩石圈大规模构造,分析大陆板块内的均衡补偿机制有一定意义。利用Forsyth提出的相关技术计算的北冰洋-欧亚大陆-太平洋地学断面东南段自黑水到泉州的Te值,并分析了重力和地形波长的相关性特征,初步认为:计算Te值所选的每个数据块在短波长(6.6-100km)内岩石圈板块的强度足以平衡地形负载,重力和地形不相关;在长波长(100-250km)内,地形及地下负载由弯曲模型补偿,岩石圈板块在地形及地下负载作用下而挠曲。断面通过地段具有较低热流密度值的陆核有较高的Te值,具有较高热流密度值的宁化,大田地区有较低的Te值,反映了较高的热流密度值对应较低的Te值,较低的热流密度值对应较高Te 值的关系,Te可分为南东低值段和北西高值段,地壳厚度大体上与Te值呈正相关关系。  相似文献   

2.
彭波  邹华耀 《现代地质》2013,27(6):1399
依据236口井共2 706组的静温数据以及25口井的系统测温数据,分析计算了渤海盆地地温梯度及大地热流;建立地壳分层结构模型,利用回剥法计算现今地幔热流、深部温度以及岩石圈厚度;在此基础上,利用地球动力学方法恢复本区热流演化史。结果表明:渤海盆地背景地温梯度为322 ℃/km,热流值为648 mW/m2;盆地现今热岩石圈厚度在61~69 km之间,地幔热流占地表热流的比例在60%左右,属于“热幔冷壳”型岩石圈热结构,盆地地壳底部或莫霍面温度变动在548~749 ℃之间;热流演化的特征与盆地的构造演化背景吻合,新生代以来盆地经历了3期岩石圈减薄并加热的过程,在东营组沉积末期热流达到最高(70~83 mW/m2),这期间盆地内产出多期碱性玄武岩,表明盆地经历了波及地幔的裂谷过程,随后进入热沉降期,热流逐渐降低,盆地向坳陷型转变。  相似文献   

3.
大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度研究及其动力学意义   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
介绍了大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)的概念及研究状况,并对其动力学意义作了探讨。大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度不仅受板块热结构(热年龄)的控制,同样也受壳幔边界性质(拆离或耦合)、力学地壳厚度及其与地幔厚度比等因素控制,Te反映了地形、板块边力及岩石圈结构之间的动态平衡。  相似文献   

4.
袁炳强  张国伟 《地球学报》2005,26(3):203-208
大陆岩石圈有效弹性厚度(Te)是反映岩石圈综合强度的参数,它反映了岩石圈的整体特征。分析岩石圈有效样性厚度与反映深部地质特征的有关地球物理参数之间的关系,对研究控制Te的因素、各因素之间的关系以及探索大陆构造与大陆动力学等具有重要意义。泉州一黑水地学断面Te与地壳厚度、热岩石圈厚度、均衡重力异常、磁性构造层底面深度、上地幔低速层顶界面深度、上地幔低阻层顶面深度之间的关系研究表明:Te与大地热流关系密切的“热”地球物理参数磁性构造层底面深度、热岩石圈厚度相关性好;与地壳厚度有一定的相关性;上地幔低速层顶界面深度和上地幔低阻层顶面深度与大陆岩石圈Te相关性均较差。  相似文献   

5.
奚镜伦  陈建平 《江苏地质》2018,42(3):481-494
地球和月球很可能是通过大撞击形成的。在行星地质学中,研究月球的地质-构造现象,对了解月球、地球乃至太阳系的形成与演化历史都有很大帮助。月球的构造分为深部构造与月表构造,寻找它们在分布或成因上的关系,可以为月球甚至地月系的起源和演化历史提供重要参考。利用LROC的宽视角影像数据以及LOLA数据提取解译月表构造,结合深大断裂进行观察分析,并对月球的撞击盆地进行统计,最后以静海地区为例分析构造分布特征,发现月球的质量瘤盆地中具有环状分布的月岭,外侧具有近环状分布的深大断裂,自前酒海纪至酒海纪,具备上述特征的质量瘤盆地占总撞击盆地的比例突然有一个很大的提升,且静海地区西部具有该构造分布特征。推测该特征与撞击、月海沉降等有关,且在酒海纪与雨海纪期间月球有较多的月海玄武岩分布,由此判断静海西部存在质量瘤,发生过撞击与月海沉降。  相似文献   

6.
岩石圈热结构的研究不仅可以了解岩石圈深部动力学演化机制,也是含油气区油气资源评价的重要组成部分.由于南黄海盆地生热率数据的匮乏,阻碍了岩石圈热结构的研究进展.本文通过GR(伽马值)-A(岩石生热率)的经验关系,计算了南黄海盆地沉积地层的生热率;在大地热流、地层生热率、南北向贯穿盆地的二维多道地震剖面及OBS2013地壳速度结构剖面的约束下,建立了南黄海盆地地壳生热模型,计算了盆地的岩石圈热结构.岩石圈热结构计算结果表明:(1)南黄海盆地北部坳陷、中部隆起及南部坳陷3个次级单元的平均莫霍面温度依次为602.2±15.25℃、592.7±2.56℃、650.6±20.24℃;(2)平均热岩石圈厚度依次为99.7±2.20 km、101.7±0.51 km、88.2±2.49 km;(3)壳幔热流比分别为0.76±0.02、0.88±0.01、0.71±0.15,具有“冷壳热幔”的特征.研究结果表明,南黄海盆地现今具有与全球新生代拉张构造区相似的较高热流,处于构造活动区向构造稳定区转换的过渡阶段.此外,现今南黄海盆地3个次级单元展现的不同岩石圈热结构特征,可能与印支期至早燕山期扬子块体与华北...  相似文献   

7.
中国东西部典型盆地中—新生代热体制对比   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
沉积盆地的热体制和热历史是盆地动力学和油气成藏研究的重要内容,中国东西部盆地受不同构造背景和动力学机制影响,热体制存在明显差异。文中从盆地的热历史、热岩石圈厚度和岩石圈热结构3个方面对渤海湾和塔里木这两个中国东西部典型盆地中—新生代的热体制进行了分析,表明东西部盆地在中—新生代时期的热体制存在较大差异。中—新生代时期渤海湾盆地经历了早白垩世—晚白垩世早期(K1—K12)和始新世—渐新世(E2—E3)两期热流高峰,而塔里木盆地热流值是逐渐降低的过程;渤海湾盆地的热岩石圈厚度在中—新生代经历了早白垩世晚期和古近纪中—晚期两次快速的减薄高峰,减薄高峰时期岩石圈厚度仅为43~55km;而塔里木盆地则经历了中生代缓慢增厚—古近纪以来快速增厚的过程。由地幔热流与地表热流比值确定的岩石圈热结构揭示出渤海湾盆地经历了三叠—侏罗纪的"冷幔热壳"型和白垩纪以后的"热幔冷壳"型;塔里木盆地则由"热幔冷壳"型在新近纪末期转变为"冷幔热壳"岩石圈热结构。深部岩石圈的热结构和热状态的这种差异与岩石圈热-流变结构和岩石圈变形特征密切相关,通过对沉积盆地中—新生代时期的热历史和岩石圈热结构演化的研究,可以揭示沉积盆地深部的热状态,为中—新生代以来的成盆动力学机制研究提供有科学意义的参考。  相似文献   

8.
塔里木盆地岩石圈热-流变学结构和新生代热体制   总被引:11,自引:0,他引:11  
刘绍文  王良书  李成  张鹏  李华 《地质学报》2006,80(3):344-350
塔里木盆地是我国特大型沉积盆地,也是“西气东输”工程的重要战略基地。利用盆地区大量的地温及岩石热物性参数并结合地热学知识分析了塔里木盆地的现代地温场、热演化和岩石圈热-流变学结构,并进一步讨论了地热场和岩石圈性质对成盆、成烃和成藏的意义。研究结果表明塔里木盆地现今平均大地热流为45mW/m2,平均地温梯度为18~20℃/km;整体上具有低温冷盆的特征。地温场的展布具有明显的横向差异,不同构造单元的地温场特征相差较大:坳陷部位具有较低的地温,隆起区具有较高的地热特征。热演化模拟表明盆地自成盆以来经历了从震旦纪—奥陶纪高热流(“热”盆)、志留纪—晚古生代热衰减(“热”盆向“冷”盆过渡)、中生代稳定的热演化(低热流“冷”盆阶段)、新生代岩石圈挠曲热演化等阶段。“热”岩石圈厚度为205~230km,有效弹性厚度(Te)达66±7km,脆-韧性转换深度为25~28km,岩石圈总强度为1.6×1013~7.8×1013N/m。盆地区的岩石圈表现为地温低、强度高的刚性块体,具有整体变形特征。受印度-欧亚大陆碰撞的远程效应影响,塔里木盆地作为刚性块体进行应力传递,盆地周边产生强烈变形,表现山脉的急剧隆升和盆地边缘的快速挠曲沉降。这一动力学过程造成地层内部流体趋于流向山前隆起带,并对油气成藏和分布具有重要的控制作用。  相似文献   

9.
岩石圈热结构是了解大陆岩石圈构造变形及演化等大陆动力学问题的重要基础,更是地热田热源机理研究的核心问题,尤其对于深部地热资源开发具有重要的科学指导意义.沧县隆起中部地热资源丰富,地热地质条件较好,但该地区岩石圈热结构尚不明确,制约着区域地热资源勘查开发.本文以沧县隆起中部献县地热田为研究区,开展了4 000 m深井测温、精细的岩土热物性测试,查明了该区大地热流特征及热结构特征,填补了大地热流测量空白区,建立了研究区岩石圈热结构概念模型,估算了其深部温度及岩石圈厚度.结果表明,献县地热田大地热流值为70.58 mW/m2,居里面埋深约为24 km,莫霍面温度约为749℃,热岩石圈厚度约为85~96 km.  相似文献   

10.
张向宇 《江苏地质》2015,39(2):247-250
有效弹性厚度(Te)是刻画岩石圈弹性性质的重要参数,通过分析有效弹性厚度值,可以获得与区域构造相关的信息,为后续解释工作提供一些依据。基于均衡响应函数法,选取南海北部区域4个典型区块的数据,计算均衡响应函数值,并根据公式推算得到各区块的Te值,通过分析Te值对研究区地质构造有所了解。  相似文献   

11.
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco.  相似文献   

12.
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414.  相似文献   

13.
Robert L. Linnen   《Lithos》2005,80(1-4):267-280
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species.  相似文献   

14.
Calcite samples were extracted both from the rock matrix and the superficial coating of a karstified fault plane of an underground quarry, located in the eastern border of the Paris basin. The karstification is dated as Quaternary. Analysis of mechanical calcite twinning reveals that only the calcite matrix has also undergone a compression trending WNW that can be attributed to the Mio-Pliocene alpine collision. Both coating and matrix have undergone a strike-slip regime with σ1 roughly trending north–south, that could correspond to the regional present-day state of stress, a strike-slip compression rather trending NNW, modified by local phenomena. To cite this article: M. Rocher et al., C. R. Geoscience 335 (2003).  相似文献   

15.
HYDROGEOLOGY     
正20141756 Chen Ruige(Mathematical College,China University of Geosciences,Beijing100083,China);Zhou Xun Numerical Simulation of Groundwater Level Fluctuation in a Coastal Confined Aquifer with Sloping Initial Groundwater Level Induced by the Tide(Geological Bulletin of China,ISSN1671-2552,CN11-4648/P,32(7),2013,p.1099-1104,6 illus.,16 refs.) Key words:confined water,groundwater level  相似文献   

16.
正20141408 Cai Jia(Institute of Geology,Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences,Beijing100037,China);Liu Fulai Petrogenesis and Metamorphic P-T Conditions of Garnet-Spinel-Biotitebearing Paragneiss in Danangou Area,Daqingshan-Wulashan Metamorphic Complex Belt(Acta Petrologica Sinica,ISSN1000-0569,CN11-1922/P,29(7),  相似文献   

17.
18.
正20142386An Guoying(China Aero Geophysical Survey and Remote Sensing Center for Land and Resources,Beijing 100083,China)Application of Satellite Remote Sensing in Regional Hydrogeological Investigation:Taking Cenozoic Strata in Wenquan Sheet(1∶250 000)of Karakoram Range as an Example(Geosci-  相似文献   

19.
正20141016An Chengbang(Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems,Ministry of Education,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000,China);Zhao Yongtao Lake Records during the Last Glacial Maximum from Xinjiang,NW China and Their Climatic Impli-  相似文献   

20.
正20141538 Cao Qing(School of Earth Sciences and Engineering,Xi’an Petroleum University,Xi’an 710065,China);Zhao Jingzhou Characteristics and Significance of Fluid Inclusions from Majiagou Formation,Yichuan Huangling Area,Ordos Basin(Advances in Earth Science,ISSN1001-8166,CN62-1091/P,28(7),2013,p.819-828,7 illus.,3 tables,43 refs.)  相似文献   

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