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1.
地下水补给型湖泊表层沉积物矿物组成及其形成机制——以巴丹吉林沙漠湖泊群为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
盐湖中的矿物沉积记录着丰富的环境气候变化信息,是古环境研究的重要对象.在无地表径流补给的盐湖中,其矿物组成及沉积特征与有地表径流补给的湖泊相比是否有一定的特殊性,是值得探讨的问题.采集巴丹吉林沙漠33个不同矿化度地下水补给型湖泊的表层沉积物和10个地表风积砂样品,通过X衍射的方法,分析样品的矿物组成.结果显示:湖泊表层沉积物主要为石英、长石、辉石、云母等碎屑矿物,部分湖泊含有少量的碳酸盐和氯化物盐类矿物.湖泊沉积物的矿物组成与湖水矿化度的关系较为密切,淡水湖仅分布碎屑矿物,微咸水湖含有碎屑矿物和碳酸盐类矿物,盐湖含有碎屑矿物、碳酸盐类矿物和氯化物.风积砂样品中主要为碎屑矿物,占总矿物含量的90%,对湖泊沉积物的矿物组成影响较大,但对湖泊沉积物中的盐类矿物没有贡献,表明湖泊表层沉积物中盐类矿物主要是自生作用形成的.虽然本地区湖泊边缘的沉积物中盐类矿物种类相对较少并且含量较低,但其盐类矿物组成与分布能够响应湖水矿化度的变化,其环境指示意义与有径流补给的盐湖相同,可以指示其湖水的盐度.因此,可以从巴丹吉林沙漠地下水补给型湖泊沉积的盐类矿物中提取相应的古环境信息,用于恢复古气候和古环境的研究. 相似文献
2.
Solute transfer across the sediment surface of a eutrophic lake: I. Porewater profiles from dialysis samplers 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Noel R. Urban Christian Dinkel Bernhard Wehrli 《Aquatic Sciences - Research Across Boundaries》1997,59(1):1-25
Porewater profiles often are used to identify and quantify important biogeochemical processes occurring in lake sediments.
In this study, multiple porewater profiles were obtained from two eutrophic Swiss lakes using porewater equilibrators (peepers)
in order to examine spatial and seasonal trends in biogeochemical processes. Variability in profile shapes and concentrations
was small on spatial scales of a few meters, but the uncertainty in calculated diffusive fluxes across the sediment surface
was, on average, 35%. Focusing of Fe and Mn oxides toward the lake center resulted in systematic increases in porewater concentrations
and diffusive fluxes of Fe2+ and Mn2+ with increasing water depth; these fluxes are postulated to be regulated by the pH-dependent dissolution of reduced-metal
phases. Despite higher concentrations of inorganic carbon, NH
4
+
, Si and P in pelagic compared to littoral sites, diffusive fluxes of these substances across the sediment surface increased
only slightly or not at all with increasing water depth. Porewater profiles did reveal temporal changes in Fe2+, Mn2+, Ca2+ and Mg2+ that were an indirect result of the large, seasonal changes in seston deposition, but no clear seasonal variations were found
in diffusive fluxes of nutrients across the sediment surface. The intense mineralization occurring at the sediment surface
was not reflected in the porewater profiles nor in the calculated diffusive fluxes. Calculated diffusive fluxes across the
sediment surface resulted from decomposition occurring primarily in the top 5–7 cm of sediment. Diffusive fluxes from this
subsurface mineralization were equal to the solute release from mineralization occurring at the sediment-water interface.
Buried organic matter acts as a memory of previous lake conditons; it will require at least a decade before reductions in
nutrient inputs to lakes fully reduce the diffusive fluxes into the lake from the buried reservoir of organic matter. 相似文献
3.
富营养化湖泊围隔中重建水生植被及其生态效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
水体富营养化导致水生植被衰退、蓝藻水华暴发、水质恶化和水生生态系统崩溃.恢复水生植被被认为是改善受损水体水质和提高其生态系统稳定性的重要手段.本研究通过构建大型围隔,根据水生植物的耐污程度及其对水质和底质等条件的需求,选取几种适宜的水生植物在围隔内进行移栽与群落构建,并以不移栽水生植物的围隔和围隔外水体作为对照.实验期间(2011年4月至2012年6月),围隔内移栽的几种水生植物全部存活,并建立了相对稳定的群落.同时还跟踪监测了3个处理组的水质情况,结果显示,移栽水生植物的围隔内水质明显优于围隔外,与未移栽水生植物围隔相比,也有很大程度的改善,其中移栽水生植物围隔内水体的总氮、铵态氮、总磷、水下消光系数相比于围隔外水体分别低30.55%、44.09%、36.04%和42.13%,相比于未移栽水生植物围隔内水体分别低5.96%、13.40%、6.70%和7.60%,透明度分别比围隔外水体和未移栽水生植物围隔水体高74.59%和8.70%,浮游植物生物量也大大低于围隔外,而浮游动物生物量却明显高于后者.此外,实验后移栽水生植物围隔内沉积物氮、磷含量及其间隙水总氮、总磷、铵态氮浓度明显低于围隔外和未移栽水生植物围隔.研究表明,在富营养化浅水湖泊中通过建立围隔进行合理的群落配置,进而逐步恢复水生植物是完全可行的,而水生植物恢复后加强对其管理和维护至关重要. 相似文献
4.
《Limnologica》2017
Biological assemblages are affected by both environmental and spatial processes. Spatial autocorrelation can be specially marked in discrete ecosystems patchily distributed over a large region (e.g., lakes arranged in districts). Lake typologies are exclusively based on environmental features, but we hardly know to what extent spatial patterns can hinder their implementation. We analysed the role of environmental factors and spatial autocorrelation in shaping littoral macroinvertebrate communities of 51 mountain lakes from a large Spanish region in order to test: 1) the suitability of the variables currently used to construct typologies; 2) the influence of spatial patterns on typology implementation. Biologically meaningful types of lakes were created and described by means of cluster analysis (Jaccard index) and multiple discriminant analysis. Water permanence, substrate type and vegetation were the main drivers of the assemblage composition. The cluster analysis and Mantel tests showed that spatial patterns did not generally hamper recognizing lake types. Only in the district with lakes closest to each other (Sanabria Natural Park), spatial autocorrelation was strong enough to overcome the effects of some factors (substrate type), but not others (water permanence). 相似文献
5.
水体和沉积物是湖泊生态系统中迥异但又紧密相连的两类生境,栖息在这两类生境中的细菌在维持生态系统平衡和驱动元素循环中起着关键性作用。为了探究湖泊水体和沉积物细菌群落的分布格局,本文对太湖四个湖区水体和沉积物中细菌群落进行调查,基于高通量测序技术和统计分析手段,分析这两类生境中的细菌群落组成和多样性水平、分布特征及其驱动因素。结果表明:放线菌门(Actinobacteria)、变形菌门(Proteobacteria)和蓝细菌门(Cyanobacteria)是水体细菌群落中最主要的细菌门,而沉积物中Proteobacteria占据优势地位。在两类生境中,太湖西部区域细菌群落丰富度和独特性(LCBD)相对较高,各区域群落结构表现出显著性差异。对水体而言,电导率、pH值、PC1(重金属组成)和沉积物孔隙度是驱动细菌丰富度的重要因子,PC1、水温及pH值是影响细菌群落LCBD的重要因子,而细菌网络复杂性随pH值的增加而增加,且在高pH环境中占主导地位;对沉积物而言,其丰富度和LCBD的重要影响因子均是沉积物中总磷和锂,细菌网络复杂性随金属元素施加的环境压力增大而降低,但随总磷、磷酸盐和铵态氮浓度的... 相似文献
6.
《Limnologica》2015
We examined the distribution of submerged and emergent macrophyte species and the entire macrophyte community within and between five lake types (highland reservoirs, alkali lakes, large shallow lakes, small to medium sized shallow lakes, marshes) in the Pannon Ecoregion, Hungary. The lowest submerged, emergent and total species richness was found in alkali lakes. The highest submerged macrophyte richness was in small to medium sized lakes, while the highest emergent macrophyte species richness was in reservoirs, small to medium sized lakes, and marshes. The values of within-lake type beta diversity were generally lower than the values of alpha diversity, especially for submerged macrophytes, indicating between site homogeneity in species composition within the lake types. Emergent macrophyte communities contributed the most to within and between lake type diversity and total (gamma) diversity. Canonical correspondence analyses showed that the main environmental variables which influenced the distribution of submerged macrophytes were conductivity, Secchi transparency and water nitrogen contents. For emergent macrophytes conductivity, lake width, altitude and water depth proved to be the most influential variables. Our results contribute to the knowledge of large-scale distribution of macrophytes in the Pannon Ecoregion and to the identification of conservation value of lakes using macrophytes. The results support the importance of small lakes and artificial lakes in the conservation of macrophyte diversity compared to large and natural lakes in the Pannon Ecoregion. 相似文献
7.
Xie Ping 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(1):14-27
Because of the obvious importance of P as a nutrient that often accelerates growth of phytoplankton (including toxic cyanobacteria) and therefore worsens water quality, much interest has been devoted to P exchange across the sediment-water interface. Generally, the release mode of P from the sediment differed greatly between shallow and deep lakes, and much of the effort has been focused on iron and oxygen, and also on the relevant environmental factors, for example, turbulence and decomposition, but a large part of the P variation in shallow lakes remains unexplained. This paper reviews experimental and field studies on the mechanisms of P release from the sediment in the shallow temperate (in Europe) and subtropical (in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China) lakes, and it is suggested that pH rather than DO might be more important in driving the seasonal dynamics of internal P loading in these shallow lakes, i.e., intense photosynthesis of phytoplankton increases pH of the lake water and thus may increase pH of the surface sediment, leading to enhanced release of P (especially iron-bound P) from the sediment. Based on the selective pump of P (but not N) from the sediment by algal blooms, it is concluded that photosynthesis which is closely related to eutrophication level is the driving force for the seasonal variation of internal P loading in shallow lakes. This is a new finding. Additionally, the selective pump of P from the sediment by algal blooms not only explains satisfactorily why both TP and PO4-P in the hypereutrophic Lake Donghu declined significantly since the mid-1980s when heavy cyanobacterial blooms were eliminated by the nontraditional biomanipulation (massive stocking of the filter-feeding silver and bighead carps), but also explains why TP in European lakes decreased remarkably in the spring clear-water phase with less phytoplankton during the seasonal succession of aquatic communities or when phytoplankton biomass was decreased by traditional biomanipulation. Compared with deep lakes, wax and wane of phytoplankton due to alternations in the ecosystem structure is also able to exert significant influences on the P exchange at the sediment-water interface in shallow lakes. In other words, biological activities are also able to drive P release from sediments, and such a static P release process is especially more prominent in eutrophic shallow lakes with dense phytoplankton. 相似文献
8.
Biological mechanisms driving the seasonal changes in the internal loading of phosphorus in shallow lakes 总被引：1，自引：6，他引：1
XIE Ping 《中国科学D辑(英文版)》2006,49(Z1)
Because of the obvious importance of P as a nutrient that often accelerates growth of phytoplankton (including toxic cyanobacteria) and therefore worsens water quality, much interest has been devoted to P exchange across the sediment-water interface. Generally, the release mode of P from the sediment differed greatly between shallow and deep lakes, and much of the effort has been focused on iron and oxygen, and also on the relevant environmental factors, for example, turbulence and decomposition, but a large part of the P variation in shallow lakes remains unexplained. This paper reviews experimental and field studies on the mechanisms of P release from the sediment in the shallow temperate (in Europe) and subtropical (in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River in China) lakes, and it is suggested that pH rather than DO might be more important in driving the seasonal dynamics of internal P loading in these shallow lakes, i.e., intense photosynthesis of phytoplankton increases pH of the lake water and thus may increase pH of the surface sediment, leading to enhanced release of P (especially iron-bound P) from the sediment. Based on the selective pump of P (but not N) from the sediment by algal blooms, it is concluded that photosynthesis which is closely related to eutrophication level is the driving force for the seasonal variation of internal P loading in shallow lakes. This is a new finding. Additionally, the selective pump of P from the sediment by algal blooms not only explains satisfactorily why both TP and PO4-P in the hypereutrophic Lake Donghu declined significantly since the mid-1980s when heavy cyanobacterial blooms were eliminated by the nontraditional biomanipulation (massive stocking of the filter-feeding silver and bighead carps), but also explains why TP in European lakes decreased remarkably in the spring clear-water phase with less phytoplankton during the seasonal succession of aquatic communities or when phytoplankton biomass was decreased by traditional biomanipulation. Compared with deep lakes, wax and wane of phytoplankton due to alternations in the ecosystem structure is also able to exert significant influences on the P exchange at the sediment-water interface in shallow lakes. In other words, biological activities are also able to drive P release from sediments, and such a static P release process is especially more prominent in eutrophic shallow lakes with dense phytoplankton. 相似文献
9.
The paleoenvironmental significance of spatial distributions of grain size in groundwater‐recharged lakes: A case study in the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert,northwest China 
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下载免费PDF全文 For lakes in desert hinterlands that are not recharged by river runoff, sediment input solely comes from wind transport. While the processes of sediment transport and deposition in these lakes differ significantly from those with river discharge, the spatial distribution of sediment grain size in these groundwater‐recharged lakes remains largely unknown. Moreover, whether the grain size distribution in these lake sediments can be used as a proxy in the study of past climatic change and environmental evolution studies is unclear. In this study, five lakes with a range of surface areas that had no runoff recharge were selected from the hinterland of the Badain Jaran Desert of north‐western China, and a total of 108 samples of lake surface sediments were collected to examine the spatial distribution of grain size. Moreover, an end‐member‐modeling algorithm was used to calculate end members from all grain size measurements. Our results showed that both the median and mean grain sizes in the lake sediments decreased from the nearshore to the offshore, deep‐water zone. However, the lowest median and mean grain sizes were not found in the center of the lakes, in contrast to lakes recharged by surface runoff. The median grain size of sediment in the lake center was negatively correlated with lake level, and thus could help reveal lake evolution at low resolutions. Moreover, EM1 and EM2 were interpreted as wind transported sediment, and sediment perturbed by lake waves after wind transport, respectively. The modal grain size of EM1 varied slightly between lakes, while changes in the modal grain size of EM2 were related to lake area. Given the positive relationship found between EM2 content and lake level, changes in the EM2 content (%) can serve as a rough indicator of lake level fluctuations at low temporal resolutions. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
10.
淀山湖水生维管束植物群落研究 总被引：16，自引：1，他引：15
论述了淀山湖水生维管束植物的种类组成、分布、群落类型、群落的数量特征及演替。结果是:（1）湖中分布有26种水生维管束植物,隶属16科,21属;其优势种为苦草、菹草、马来眼子菜、芦苇等。（2）湖中水生植被呈不规则环带状分布,并可划分为挺水、浮叶、沉水三个植物带,12个主要水生维管束植物群落。（3）水生维管束植物的重要值以苦草最大,茨藻属植物最小。（4）淀山湖水生维管束植物群落有由沉水型向浮叶型、挺水型或漂浮型过渡的趋势。 相似文献
11.
Ximena Aguilera Steven Declerck Luc De Meester Mabel Maldonado Frans Ollevier 《Limnologica》2006,36(4):258-268
Tropical high Andes lakes are aquatic ecosystems with peculiar limnological characteristics that are related to their geographical location and high altitude, yet they remained understudied. We present the results of a standardized survey of morphometric, physico-chemical and biotic variables in 32 high altitude lakes of the Cordillera del Tunari (Eastern Andes of Bolivia). Based on the variables measured, we identified three lake types. One group of lakes differed from the other lakes by a relatively high pH and biological productivity (as evidenced from higher densities of phytoplankton, zooplankton, and fish). A second group of lakes consisted of relatively large and deep water bodies with neutral to slightly acid pH and with a relatively high occurrence of the large cladoceran Daphnia pulex. The third group contained relatively small, shallow, and acid lakes with no Daphnia. Rainbow trout occurred in more than half of the lakes and catch yields were very variable. Overall, the abundances of different organism groups tended to be positively associated (e.g. phytoplankton, copepods, rotifers, fish) indicating the existence of a major productivity gradient. We found no negative associations between trout catches and densities of any of the major zooplankton groups, suggesting moderate to low top-down effects of trout on the zooplankton communities. 相似文献
12.
研究高原湖泊沉积物和水体细菌群落结构的差异对于水生态治理与保护具有重要的科学意义。本文选取青藏高原中东部共19个湖泊为研究对象,采集沉积物和水体样本,使用高通量测序技术和统计分析,解析湖泊沉积物和水体细菌群落结构、空间分布特征、共发生网络模式、群落构建过程的差异及其原因。研究结果表明沉积物细菌群落alpha多样性指数(Chao1指数、Shannon多样性指数、Faith’s系统发育指数和Pielou均匀度指数)均显著高于水体细菌群落。沉积物和水体细菌的优势门均为Proteobacteria(相对丰度为45.33%和41.77%),而水体细菌群落结构具有较强的空间异质性。主坐标分析和相似性分析结果表明沉积物和水体中细菌群落结构差异极显著,海拔和纬度分别是青藏高原湖泊沉积物和水体细菌群落结构变化最显著的驱动因子。沉积物和水体细菌群落均具有明显的距离衰减模式,而沉积物细菌比水体细菌群落在空间上的周转率小。采样湖泊沉积物细菌群落共发生网络复杂度和稳定性高于水体细菌。沉积物和水体细菌群落的平均归一化随机率值分别为0.24和0.72,表明确定性过程在沉积物细菌群落构建的过程中起到了重要的作用,而水... 相似文献
13.
14.
近百年来长江中下游地区的浅水湖泊经历了气候变化及日益增强的人类扰动,造成了普遍的湖泊富营养化、水动力条件和水生生态系统的状态转变,水体的生态服务功能明显退化.枝角类作为一种重要的水生生物,敏感地响应于湖泊及其流域的环境变化,但目前对亚热带湖泊中的枝角类亚化石的环境指示意义,与其它古生态指标如硅藻、摇蚊等对环境变化的响应差异尚未明确.因此,本文以浅水湖泊太白湖为研究对象,结合流域历史资料和监测数据,基于沉积岩芯中枝角类群落过去百年来的期演化序列,重建了近百年来太白湖的历史环境演变过程及机制.对比硅藻及摇蚊的群落演化特征,探讨了多门类古生态指标对环境变化的响应差异.本文重点讨论了枝角类对湖泊鱼类产量指示意义及利用枝角类亚化石来重建历史环境的应用前景及不足. 相似文献
15.
To evaluate climate and atmospheric deposition induced physical and water chemical changes and their effects on phytoplankton
communities, we used complete time series (14 years, monthly measurements during the growing season) of 18 physical and chemical
variables and phytoplankton data from 13 nutrient-poor Swedish reference lakes along a latitudinal gradient. We found numerous
strong significant changes over time that were most coherent among lakes for sulfate concentrations, conductivity, calcium,
magnesium, chloride, potassium, water color, surface water temperature and the intensity of thermal stratification. Despite
these pronounced coherent physical and water chemical changes over Sweden, the phytoplankton biomass and species richness
of six phytoplankton groups, measured at the same time as the water chemical variables, showed only few and weak significant
changes over time. The only coherent significant change over Sweden, occurring in seven lakes, was observed in the species
richness of chlorophytes. The number of chlorophyte taxa significantly declined over Sweden. Using a partial least square
model for each lake, we attributed the decline primarily to an increase in water temperatures and water color, which were
among the most important variables for the model performance of each lake. All other taxonomic groups were driven primarily
by non-coherent changes in nutrient concentrations, pH and probably also non-coherent grazing pressure. We concluded that
coherent phytoplankton responses can only be achieved for taxonomic groups that are driven primarily by coherent physical/chemical
changes. According to our study, chlorophytes belong to such a group, making them possible global change indicators. Our findings
give new insights into global change effects on different phytoplankton taxonomic groups in nutrient-poor lakes. 相似文献
16.
East Asian dust storms have become increasingly intense over the last two decades, and the arid inland regions of northern China have been recognized as the main dust source areas. Numerous lakes in this region have recently become desiccated, leaving large areas of bare ground prone to becoming potential dust sources. Vegetation cover characteristics and vegetation succession following lake desiccation remain unclear. Here we chose eight inland dry lakes, one outflow lake and one river on the southeast edge of the Inner Mongolian Plateau to investigate vegetation patterns along transects from lake bed to lake shore, and determine the relationships between vegetation patterns and environmental factors. The results show that dry lake bed soils do indeed have high contents of fine particles. Also, soil salt content is the most critical control on vegetation succession on desiccated lake beds, and vegetation is unlikely to colonize areas with soil salt content ≥5%. Soil texture additionally influenced vegetation patterns by affecting soil salt content. The likely vegetation succession on dry like beds is Nitraria tangutorum community > Suaeda corniculata and Suaeda glauca communities > Achnatherum splendens and Elymus sibiricus communities, and finally Carex duriuscula community as the probable climax. When vegetation is at the later stages of succession, for example with Achnatherum splendens communities, Elymus sibiricus communities and Carex duriuscula communities, soil may be protected from wind erosion because of their high vegetation cover and high proportion of perennials. We suggest grazing should be avoided around lake shores, especially in Achnatherum splendens communities, because high vegetation cover and biomass not only protect soil from erosion, but also promote the deposition of fine particles blown from upwind regions. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
The relations between lake surface sediment diatoms and water environmental variables were revealed effectively by use of a new multivariate canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) based on 45 lakes in the Tibetan Plateau. Water depth, conductivity, Cl?, Mg2+, K+ and pH, identified from 12 contemporary water environmental variables, can significantly and independently explain the diatom distributions (p<0.05). The first two axes (λ1=0.34, λ2=0.27) capture 16.1% of the variance in the species data, and account for 57.4% of the variance in diatom-environment relationship. The deletion of redundant environmental variables and unusual samples do not influence the explanation to diatom data. The final CCA result indicates that the water depth and the salinity are the two important environmental gradients and influence the diatom distribution in the plateau lakes. The water depth correlates with axis 1, while conductivity, Cl?, Mg2+ and K+, indicating the direction of salinity changes, correlate with both of the first two axes. The definition of diatom-environment model may provide a basis for further quantitative inference on diatom-environment transfer function. 相似文献
18.
滇池生态系统退化成因、格局特征与分区分步恢复策略 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
选取生态系统中重要的组成成份:浮游植物、底栖动物、水生植物的历史演变和现在分布状况数据,结合水质变化情况,揭示了滇池生态系统退化原因:在外因上,污染物持续输入以及围湖造田、直立堤岸和水量交换缓慢等外力干扰加剧系统组分失衡是直接原因;在内因上,由于滇池所处的地理位置、气候等原因,蓝藻生物量对营养盐增加的响应远高于其他湖泊(太湖、巢湖),草型向藻型湖泊的转换进程更快;与太湖和东湖的生态系统比较,高原湖泊滇池生态系统相对脆弱,如物种的同域分化、窄生态位,导致系统的稳定性差、自我修复能力弱.通过对滇池生态格局特征、湖岸带结构的分析,将滇池划分为5个生态区:草海重污染区、藻类聚集区、沉水植被残存区、近岸带受损区和水生植被受损区,并提出"五区三步,南北并进,重点突破,治理与修复相结合"的滇池生态系统分区分步治理的新策略和"南部优先恢复;北部控藻治污;西部自然保护;东部外围突破"的总体方案. 相似文献
19.
T. I. Moiseenko L. V. Razumovskii N. A. Gashkina A. V. Shevchenko V. L. Razumovskii A. S. Mashukov V. Yu. Khoroshavin 《Water Resources》2012,39(5):576-589
The results of studying four mountain lakes in different climatic zones (in regions of the Kola North and the Western Caucasus) are given. Original methods of paleoecological reconstruction developed by the authors have been used to characterize the main trends and rates in environmental changes at historical scale (by geochemical composition and diatom complexes in bottom sediment layers). Similar processes of modern water enrichment by metals (especially, Cd and Pb) have been determined in the examined lakes. Trends in changes in acid-base balance in The Kola North lakes since the late XIX century have been identified, reflecting the effect of transboundary transport of acid-forming substances from industrial Europe. Studies of diatom complexes in Caucasian lakes showed a rise in the mean annual temperature of lake water during the XX century supposedly by 1.5°C. 相似文献
20.
世界咸水湖的物理与化学特性 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文根据近年来有关咸水湖的研究文献,介绍了咸水湖的概念、地理分布和湖盆的成因。进而从咸水湖的光学特性和热学特性两个方面阐述了湖泊的物理特性;从湖水盐度、蒸发和盐度、盐分来源,湖水的化学成分和类型以及盐湖的演化等方面说明咸水湖的化学特点;最后,从盐类沉积和古气候古环境关系的角度出发,指出咸水湖的古湖沼学研究在过去全球变化历史的重建中具有巨大的潜力,是全球研究体系中不可缺少的部分。 相似文献