共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 296 毫秒
1.
茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)是重要的大洋性经济头足类,其性腺组织发育滞后于个体生长,但在性腺发育开始后生殖能量积累显著。为研究茎柔鱼脂肪积累对组织能量积累的贡献,采用组织能量密度测定技术和组织脂肪萃取技术对茎柔鱼卵巢、输卵管卵子、肌肉和消化腺4个组织脱脂前后的组织能量密度、单位质量脂肪含量及脂肪能量进行测定和分析。结果显示,脱脂前各组织的能量密度以消化腺最大,为(27.34±0.85) kJ/g;脱脂后的能量密度则以输卵管卵子的最大,为(20.01±0.56) kJ/g。各组织脱脂后的能量密度值均下降显著,尤以消化腺的下降最大,达31%。消化腺的单位质量脂肪含量最高,为(413.83±96.81) mg/g,其次为输卵管卵子和卵巢,肌肉组织的最低。在生理性成熟后,卵巢组织脂肪积累较大,输卵管卵子、肌肉和消化腺等组织则维持较稳定的脂肪积累水平。4个组织的脂肪能量占比的平均值在10%~32%之间。综上研究表明,脂肪是茎柔鱼卵巢、输卵管卵子、肌肉和消化腺等组织的重要能量物质,在组织能量积累过程中起着重要的作用。 相似文献
2.
根据2010年6～9月北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephe bartramii)渔业的现场调查资料,分析了北太平洋柔鱼胴长和体质量组成结构、性比、初次性成熟胴长、群体成熟度指数等等基础性的渔业生物学参数,阐述了该海域柔鱼的种群结构动态及繁殖生物学的特征。结果表明:各月北太平洋柔鱼生殖群体中雌性个体数量大于雄性,且雌性个体的平均胴长及体质量均显著大于雄性;生殖群体中雌、雄个体胴长与体质量关系的差异极为显著;相同胴长组下雄性个体的性成熟率要高于雌性;北太平洋柔鱼初次性成熟胴长ML50%♀为261.83 mm;ML50%♂为255.60 mm,雄性初次性成熟胴长显著小于雌性;东部海区(170°W～178°W)生殖群体比例及个体大小明显高于西部海区传统作业渔场(150°E～160°E)。判断东西部海区柔鱼是否是同一群体,还需要连续性的调查,进一步分析其成熟度随时间的变化及利用耳石信息分析技术来确定,还可以用微卫星技术测定分析以及标志放流法来判定,结论更为准确。 相似文献
3.
北太平洋柔鱼生殖群体结构特征及繁殖生物学 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据2010年6～9月北太平洋柔鱼(Ommastrephe bartramii)渔业的现场调查资料,分析了北太平洋柔鱼胴长和体质量组成结构、性比、初次性成熟胴长、群体成熟度指数等等基础性的渔业生物学参数,阐述了该海域柔鱼的种群结构动态及繁殖生物学的特征.结果表明:各月北太平洋柔鱼生殖群体中雌性个体数量大于雄性,且雌性个体的平均胴长及体质量均显著大于雄性;生殖群体中雌、雄个体胴长与体质量关系的差异极为显著;相同胴长组下雄性个体的性成熟率要高于雌性;北太平洋柔鱼初次性成熟胴长ML0％♀为261.83 mm;Ml50％♂为255.60mm,雄性初次性成熟胴长显著小于雌性;东部海区(170°W～178°W)生殖群体比例及个体大小明显高于两部海区传统作业渔场(150°E～160°E).判断东西部海区柔鱼是否是同一群体,还需要连续性的调查,进一步分析其成熟度随时间的变化及利用耳石信息分析技术来确定,还可以用微卫星技术测定分析以及标志放流法来判定,结论更为准确. 相似文献
4.
基于分位数回归的西南太平洋阿根廷滑柔鱼栖息地模型研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
阿根廷滑柔鱼是西南大西洋重要头足类资源,研究其变动、渔场分布与海洋环境的关系是其可持续利用的基础。本文利用分位数回归方法对表温(5m)、表层盐度(5m)、57m盐度及其盐度差、海面高度、叶绿素与阿根廷滑柔鱼钓获率进行回归分析,在中位数和高位数2种情况下分别建立阿根廷滑柔鱼的栖息地指数(HSI)模型,从而揭示西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼栖息地的分布模式。研究表明,本文建立的各分位数回归方程均能较好地解释自变量与应变量的关系(P0.05)。1~5月在60°W以西、42°S~53°S阿根廷沿海的大部分海域,其HIS值基本上在0.7以上;而58°W以东海域的HIS在0.4以下。阿根廷滑柔鱼适宜栖息地分布(HIS大于0.6)有明显的季节变化。 相似文献
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利用组织能量密度测定技术和残差指标分析方法, 分析了南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉组织和性腺组织的能量积累及其分配变化过程。结果显示, 胴体、尾鳍、足腕、精荚复合体、精巢等组织的能量密度值分别为21.16±1.44、21.98±1.51、21.44±1.50、20.83±1.70和21.41±1.70kJ?g -1。胴体和精荚复合体两组织的能量密度在不同性腺成熟度之间均存在显著性差异, 而尾鳍、足腕、精巢等3种组织的能量密度则在不同性腺成熟度之间均没有统计学差异。个体总能量积累为299.31±90.81kJ; 随着个体生长, 总能量积累呈现增加的趋势。胴体、足腕和尾鳍等肌肉组织的能量占比为95.31%~98.04%, 随着性腺发育呈现降低的趋势; 精巢和精荚复合体等性腺组织的能量总投入占比为2.63%~5.33%, 随着性腺发育呈增加的趋势, 并在Ⅴ期达到最大值。同时, 残差指标分析显示, 胴体、尾鳍、足腕等肌肉组织能量积累-胴长残差与性腺组织能量积累-胴长残差呈显著的正相关关系, 表明个体性腺发育过程中肌肉组织能量没有转化用于性腺组织的生长发育, 其生殖能量投入倾向于外源性投入。初步掌握了南海鸢乌贼中型群雄性个体肌肉和性腺组织能量的积累变化过程, 为深入了解它们的繁殖策略和为可持续开发利用该种类资源提供了科学基础。 相似文献
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东太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼(Dosidicus gigas)的体型月间变化及环境效应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了掌握茎柔鱼体型生长变化及其与栖息环境因子的效应关系, 2017年2—4月和6—8月,在东太平洋赤道海域逐月随机采集了3 628尾茎柔鱼样本,进行体质量、胴长的月间变化分析和胴长与海表温、叶绿素a浓度的效应关系研究。结果显示,雌性个体胴长分布范围为163—468mm,体质量分布范围为123—3034g;雄性个体胴长分布范围为171—475mm,体质量分布范围为145—2 681 g。不同月份之间,雌性、雄性个体的胴长和体质量均存在显著性差异,雌雄性个体胴长、体质量均以2月份的最大, 6—8月份的较小。然而,每个月份雌性、雄性个体的胴长分布均为单峰值区间分布。体质量-胴长幂函数关系显示,2—4月份雌雄性个体多倾向于匀速生长、体征较差,6—8月份个体则以负异速生长为主、体征较为良好。雌性、雄性个体胴长与采样海域海表温、采样纬度呈显著的正效应关系,采样海域叶绿素a浓度对雌性胴长产生正效应影响。研究表明,东太平洋赤道海域茎柔鱼体型的月间差异性显著,体型变化与采样海域海表温、采样纬度关系密切,并且雌性体型与海域叶绿素a浓度呈正效应关系。 相似文献
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西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼资源时空分布研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
通过了解西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illexargentinus)资源丰度年间变化规律,从而对阿根廷滑柔鱼的资源可持续开发与管理打下基础。作者根据2012～2017年西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼生产统计数据,利用灰色关联评价等数理方法对西南大西洋资源渔场的时空分布特征进行了分析。结果表明,2012～2017年间西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场重心主要在经度上分布于58°W～63°W海域,纬度主要集中在41°～44°S、47°～48°S两个区域,高平均网次产量(10 t/网)的海域主要在57°W～67°W、41°S～42°S和57°W～67°W、44°S～50°S海域。灰色关联度表明:6年间,以2015年滑柔鱼资源状况最好,其次是2014年,2012年最差,2013年、2016年和2017年处于中间水平。利用灰色关联分析的阿根廷滑柔鱼资源丰度变化趋势可用于其资源的可持续开发与管理。 相似文献
8.
基于不同权重的栖息地指数模型预报阿根廷滑柔鱼中心渔场 总被引：12，自引：3，他引：9
本文根据2003-2009年1-5月和2011年1-5月西南大西洋海域阿根廷滑柔鱼(Illex argentinus)的生产数据,结合遥感获得的海表面温度(SST)和海表面高度(SSH)数据,利用不同权重的栖息地指数模型来预报阿根廷滑柔鱼的中心渔场。采用外包络法,利用作业次数与SST、SSH建立适应性指数(SI)模型,依据作业次数比重和产量比重来比较不同权重的算术加权模型(AWM),从而筛选出最佳模型,并对最佳模型进行验证。结果显示,确定AWM(a=0.3,SST权重为0.3,SSH的权重为0.7)为最佳模型,当栖息地适应性指数(HSI)大于0.6时,作业次数的比重为93.23%,产量比重为89.28%,当HSI小于0.4时,作业次数的比重为2.12%,产量比重为3.35%。利用2011年1-5月的生产数据和环境数据对AWM(a=0.3)进行验证,结果显示,在HSI大于0.6的海域,各月作业次数比重均在91%以上,产量比重均在95%以上。研究表明,在阿根廷滑柔鱼渔场形成中SSH比SST更为重要,基于SST和SSH的AWM(a=0.3)能够较好地预测西南大西洋阿根廷滑柔鱼的中心渔场。 相似文献
9.
为研究某些生化组分与栉孔扇贝(Chlamys farreri)雌性生殖腺成熟情况的关系,在亲贝促熟的后期,对不同积温情况下栉孔扇贝雌性生殖腺中的磷脂、核酸及水分的含量进行测定。结果表明,磷脂含量、RNA/DNA值及水分含量均随着积温升高(从210℃到300℃)而增加,但成熟的卵子一经产出后,雌性生殖腺中的磷脂含量、RNA/DNA值及水分含量均降到最低。组织切片的结果表明雌性生殖腺中的卵子在成熟过程中体积明显增大,以至于滤泡中充分成熟的卵子被挤压成不规则形状,细胞核的核膜和核仁在卵子排出去之前一般都消失。成熟卵子产出后的滤泡中出现空泡,未能排出的卵子部分被滤泡吸收,形态模糊。 相似文献
10.
应用石蜡切片技术对海湾扇贝(Argopecten irradias)与紫扇贝(Argopecten purpuratus)的杂交品种——扇贝"渤海红"的性腺组织结构和生殖细胞发生规律进行了研究。扇贝"渤海红"大多为雌雄同体,但也存在雄性不育现象。性腺包括生殖滤泡、生殖小管和生殖输送管三个部分,滤泡是生殖细胞产生的主要场所。扇贝"渤海红"雄性生殖细胞发生经过了精原细胞、初级精母细胞、次级精母细胞、精细胞和精子五个阶段;雌性生殖细胞发生经过卵原细胞、小生长期卵母细胞、大生长期卵母细胞和成熟卵子四个阶段。 相似文献
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G. J. Macchi M. Pájaro O.C. Wöhler M. J. Acevedo R. L. Centurión D. G. Urteaga 《新西兰海洋与淡水研究杂志》2013,47(5):993-1000
The reproductive biology of southern blue whiting (Micromesistius australis) inhabiting waters of the southwest Atlantic Ocean (52°‐53°S and 57°‐62°W) was studied through histological analysis of the ovaries. During 2003, the spawning peak occurred at the beginning of September south of the Malvinas Islands. Batch fecundity of this species ranged from 35 000 (41 cm total length, TL) to 245 000 (62 cm TL) oocytes and relative batch fecundity was 122 ± 43 (Mean ± SD, n = 24) oocytes per gram somatic weight. The average proportion of mature females with stage‐0 post‐ovulatory follicles was 0.25 for September 2003, which indicated a spawning frequency of 4 days during the peak of the season. Large females produced more egg batches than small spawners during the same period, but no significant relationship was found between oocyte dry weight and female size of southern blue whiting. 相似文献
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In the brackish water Baltic Sea turbot spawn at ~ 6–9 psu along the coast and on offshore banks in ICES SD 24–29, with salinity influencing the reproductive success. The potential fecundity (the stock of vitellogenic oocytes in the pre-spawning ovary), egg size (diameter and dry weight of artificially fertilized 1-day-old eggs) and gonad dry weight were assessed for fish sampled in SD 25 and SD 28. Multiple regression analysis identified somatic weight, or total length in combination with Fulton's condition factor, as main predictors of fecundity and gonad dry weight with stage of maturity (oocyte packing density or leading cohort) as an additional predictor. For egg size, somatic weight was identified as main predictor while otolith weight (proxy for age) was an additional predictor. Univariate analysis using GLM revealed significantly higher fecundity and gonad dry weight for turbot from SD 28 (3378–3474 oocytes/g somatic weight) compared to those from SD 25 (2343 oocytes/g somatic weight), with no difference in egg size (1.05 ± 0.03 mm diameter and 46.8 ± 6.5 μg dry weight; mean ± sd). The difference in egg production matched egg survival probabilities in relation to salinity conditions suggesting selection for higher fecundity as a consequence of poorer reproductive success at lower salinities. This supports the hypothesis of higher size-specific fecundity towards the limit of the distribution of a species as an adaptation to harsher environmental conditions and lower offspring survival probabilities. Within SD 28 comparisons were made between two major fishing areas targeting spawning aggregations and a marine protected area without fishing. The outcome was inconclusive and is discussed with respect to potential fishery induced effects, effects of the salinity gradient, effects of specific year-classes, and effects of maturation status of sampled fish. 相似文献
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渤海小黄鱼生殖力及其变化 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
根据2004年5月在渤海进行的拖网调查资料,分析了小黄鱼(Pseudosciaenapolyatics)在经过近半世纪的捕捞后的生殖群体生殖力及其与体长、纯体质量的关系,并对小黄鱼生殖力的变化作了比较。结果表明,小黄鱼的个体绝对生殖力为14729粒±1360粒;个体绝对生殖力与叉长、纯体质量的关系变化较大;与1964年历史资料相比,相同体长组小黄鱼的个体绝对生殖力F和相对生殖力FL都显著增大(P<0.01)。小黄鱼的生殖力增加可能是小黄鱼在长期捕捞等外部环境影响下的遗传进化以及对其生存环境的适应性响应。 相似文献
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渤海银鲳生殖力的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从渤海采集卵巢发育到Ⅲ-Ⅳ,Ⅳ和Ⅴ期的银鲳59尾,采用重量法进行了生殖力的研究,结果表明:银鲳的个体绝对生殖力为90071.1±29750.9粒,单位纯重生殖力为349.34±119.11粒/g,单位叉长生殖力为376.22±107.31粒/mm。银鲳的个体绝对生殖力与叉长、体宽、体高、体重和纯重呈紧密正相关,与成熟系数中等程度相关,与肥满度相关性较差;单位纯重生殖力与叉长、体宽、体高、体重和纯重中等程度相关,与成熟系数和肥满度相关性较差;单位叉长生殖力与叉长、体宽、体高、体重、纯重和成熟系数中等程度相关,与肥满度相关性较差。 相似文献
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本研究估计了大菱鲆收获体重性状的遗传参数和选育遗传进展。数据共包括3个世代（G0，G1，G2）的508个全同胞家系10952尾个体。G0，G1，G2的体重估计遗传力分别为0.11±0.08，0.18±0.09，0.17±0.07；世代间估计遗传力为0.19±0.04。每一世代母本和共同环境效应分别为0.10±0.04，0.14±0.04，0.13±0.03；世代间为0.12±0.01。G0和G1世代选择差分别为,18.24g和21.19g。对应的G1和G2世代的遗传进展为22.06g，11.93g；百分比表示分别为6.36%，3.52%。连续两代选择之后总遗传进展为10.10%。以上结果说明针对大菱鲆体重性状的选育项目是成功的。 相似文献
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Reproductive and growth strategies of Idotea balthica basteri (Pallas, 1772) population in the Bizerte lagoon (Tunisia,Southern Mediterranean) 
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下载免费PDF全文 We analysed several life history traits of the marine isopod Idotea balthica basteri (Pallas, 1772) from the Bizerte lagoon, Southern Mediterranean Sea. Growth was continuous throughout the life of the animal with a high growth rate in the first life phase, and the growth curve was described according to von Bertalanffy's model. The lowest growth rate (0.23 mm) was recorded in winter (December, January and February) and the maximum rate (2.31 mm) between April and June. The total number of hatched eggs or embryos was positively correlated with the body length of ovigerous females. This population of I. balthica basteri was iteroparous, showing distinct strategies of reproduction. Large ovigerous females with high fecundity were collected during the whole sampling period, while breeding in smaller females with low fecundity was restricted to the period from late spring to early autumn, Manca size increased significantly with increasing female body size and there was also a significant trade‐off between manca size and the number of eggs per brood. Reproductive allocation, ranging between 17.1 ± 1.2% in winter and 23.2 ± 1.8% in summer, was positively correlated with female weight. Accordingly, parental investment in producing a juvenile varied between 1.02% per manca in winter to 3.38% in spring. Evaluated traits show that late summer and autumn cohorts have a K‐strategy, whereas cohorts born in winter and spring, and which exhibit a shorter life time, exhibit faster development, earlier reproduction and a smaller parental investment tending towards an r‐selected strategy. 相似文献
18.
Francisco Benítez-Villalobos Julia P. Díaz-Martínez 《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2010,57(1):157-161
We analysed the reproductive biology of the asteroid species Styracaster elongatus based on time-series samples from a 5000-m-deep site on the Porcupine Abyssal Plain (N.E. Atlantic). The ratio of males to females, the gonadosomatic index (GI), and pyloric caecum index (PCI) were determined and the results were corroborated by histological examination of the gonads. Fecundity and oocyte-size distribution were determined by histological and image analyses. Styracaster elongatus is a gonochoric asteroid and the ratio of males to females was not significantly different throughout the year. Oogenesis was asynchronous. The previtellogenic oocytes grew to a size of ～230 μm before undergoing vitellogenesis. Maximum oocyte size was ～620 μm. The ovary volume was mainly occupied by small previtellogenic oocytes (100–150 μm) at any one time. Mean GI was 6.38±3.30 for females and 9.04±4.1 for males. Mean PCI was 7.44±1.66 for females and 7.66±1.46 for males. Mean fecundity was 16,373±5988 oocites per female. There were no seasonal variations in GI and fecundity. There was evidence of a pyiloric caecum seasonal development for females and males. For S. elongatus there is no direct relationship among seasonal primary production at the surface and production of vitellogenic oocytes. Nevertheless, this species takes advantage of the pulse of phytodetritus to the seabed by increasing the storage of nutrients in the pyloric caecum in order to maintain a constant production of eggs and sperm. 相似文献
19.
Mariana Terossi Lucas S. Torati Ivana Miranda Marcelo A. Scelzo Fernando L. Mantelatto 《Marine Ecology》2010,31(4):584-591
Pagurus exilis (Benedict, 1892) is an endemic South Atlantic hermit crab with a distribution ranging from Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, to Buenos Aires Province, Argentina. The present study analyzed the reproduction of two populations at the extremes of this geographical distribution, and compared their reproductive period, fecundity, and changes in egg size and egg volume during the incubation period in order to assess the variability over this latitudinal range. Hermit crabs were collected monthly over a 2‐year period. In total, 108 females were analyzed for Brazil (44 non‐ovigerous and 64 ovigerous), and 141 for Argentina (87 non‐ovigerous and 54 ovigerous). Reproduction in Brazil occurs year‐round, with peaks in the fall and winter seasons; in Argentina reproduction occurs only in spring and summer. The Brazilian ovigerous females were significantly larger than the Argentina ones (Brazil: SL = 5.33 ± 1.45 mm; Argentina: SL = 4.15 ± 0.52 mm; P < 0.001). The fecundity was 1447 ± 831 eggs (317 to 2885) in Brazil and 987 ± 711 eggs (114 to 2665) in Argentina, with a trend towards higher fecundity in Brazil. Eggs in the Argentina population were larger than those in Brazil for all the three stages investigated, and no changes in egg volume were found during egg development for both populations. The reproductive traits of the two populations showed some important differences, which may reflect adaptations to local environmental conditions, demonstrating a high plasticity of reproductive features of the species in Brazilian and Argentine waters. The strategy adopted by the Argentina population involves a lower production of larger eggs compared to the population in Brazil; this lower production is associated with reproduction in cold‐water regions. 相似文献