共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 52 毫秒
1.
基于GIS制作遥感影像地图的研究与实践 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
遥感与地理信息系统一体化是科学技术发展的趋势,遥感影像地图是现代地图发展的新图型。本文介绍了基于CITYSTAR进行遥感影像地图编制的研究和实践,阐述了其工艺过程和关键技术,并以厦门和达竹两个例子说明具体的工作方法与步骤。 相似文献
2.
JOHN HASLETT GRAHAM WILLS ANTONY UNWIN 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(3):285-296
Interactive statistical graphics are reviewed in the contexts of spatial data and geographical information systems (GIS). GIS provide the user with an active geographical view of the data—a map that can be used as an entry point to the data base. Prototype software—SPIDER—illustrates the possibilities of using statistical graphics as further views of the data, which can be made active and thus provide alternative means of querying the data. These views can be cross-referenced by 'linking'. It is argued that such a system can provide a very rich environment for pursuing exploratory statistical analysis of spatial data. 相似文献
3.
Based on the 2006 Chinese asphalt pavement deflection value design index, we used KENLAYER Pavement Analysis and Design
software and 1stOpt statistical analysis software to carry on the nonlinear regression, this paper establish high-grade highway design
equations for the compressive strain of soil sub-base top (CSSBT) and the radial compressive stress of semi-rigid base top (RCSRBT).
The correlation coefficients inspection standard to get precise proof, which means that our granular base design equations have high
credibility and can be used in the Chinese design index of asphalt pavement with granular base (APGB). 相似文献
4.
资源与环境模型标准文档库及其与GIS集成 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：20
论述了中国资源与环境模型标准文档库的结构和内容。通过研究总结数学模型及其研究现状发现，中国资源与环境模型标准文档库建设需要完善尚有缺陷的数学模型、创建尚缺少的数学模型；通过归纳现有数学模型与地理信息系统的现有集成方法发现，目前的集成方法不能满足区域可持续发展集成模型的需要，据此讨论了数学模型与地理信息系统有效集成需要深入研究的内容。最后，提出了通过大量案例研究，形成区域可持续发展集成模型和中国资源与环境模型标准文档库2个软件包的可行研究思路。 相似文献
5.
铁路枢纽城市空间扩展特征及机制研究——以怀化市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以我国铁路枢纽城市怀化为例,利用城市规划土地利用现状图、1﹕10000地形图、遥感影像图、社会经济统计数据以及其他相关资料,借助ArcGIS9.2软件平台和统计分析软件(SPSS11.5),采用地统计分析、空间形态分析、等扇分析及分形理论方法等研究方法,从城市扩展强度、扩展形态和扩展分异3个方面分析其扩展特征,最后在分析影响怀化城市空间扩展驱动力的基础上总结了其扩张机制。 相似文献
6.
长江口滨岸湿地环境信息系统的建立与应用 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
长江口滨岸湿地环境信息系统 (Yangtze Estuary Tidal Wetland Environmental Information System,简称YETWEIS)是一个适用于长江口滨岸湿地环境管理与决策的软件系统。该系统基于MapObjects组件技术、数据挖掘技术和数学建模方法,以Visual Basic为开发平台,功能包括对长江口滨岸湿地环境信息的显示、编辑、查询检索、信息统计、空间分析、专题地图编制和环境质量评价等。本文首先介绍了YETWEIS的体系结构、实现技术和主要功能,然后重点对专题地图编制模块和环境质量评价模块的实现思想进行了阐述,同时对水体、沉积物、大气环境质量评价方法、污染因子权重确定方法、基于熵值法的环境质量综合评价方法进行了深入探讨,并利用YETWEIS分析了长江口滨岸湿地2002年重金属和持久性有机污染物的空间分布特征,并对长江口滨岸湿地2003年环境质量进行了系统评价。 相似文献
7.
探索性空间分析及其与GIS集成模式探讨 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
探索性空间分析基于让数据说话的理念,可以避免野值或非典型观测值的误导。在对探索性空间分析的基本原理和概念界定的基础上,探讨交互式和动态空间数据分析、地学可视化及可视化空间分布、确认性空间分析、空间数据挖掘等探索性空间分析的主要技术。由于统计分析软件和GIS的数据格式差异很大,直接将二者简单集成存在一定困难,因此切实可行的集成方式是采用对象连接和嵌入(OLE)技术,分别调用统计分析软件的探索性分析功能(或者函数)以及GIS的地图显示和空间分析功能,并进行必要开发,实现二者的集成。最后对探索性空间分析的发展方向进行展望。 相似文献
8.
我国耕地数量、质量与空间变化研究综述 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
以中国期刊全文数据库(清华同方)的相关检索文献作为研究数据源,运用EXCEL软件和文献计量方法统计分析1994年以来该数据库收录的论文,并根据研究内容需要进行人为筛选分类,分析研究我国耕地数量、质量和空间变化的进展情况。结果表明:我国耕地变化研究经历了早期调查、动态监测以及土地利用和耕地变化综合研究三个发展阶段,目前研究还存在综合性与系统性不够、缺少定量指标和综合模型、研究尺度不全面、专业化研究不够和服务目标不全面等方面的问题。鉴于此,认为从多尺度构建具有空间、动态性的综合模型是今后耕地变化研究的重点。 相似文献
9.
Sketch mapping has been an important data collection technique for geographers since the 1960s. Structured sketch mapping requires participants to draw spatial data onto a base map containing cartographic information, in order to assist with spatial referencing. A concern that base map characteristics may influence sketch map content has been raised repeatedly in the research literature. However little scholarly attention has been paid to systematically testing the effect of base maps.This paper aims to test the effects of base map size and imagery on structured sketch maps of avoidance behaviour in university students. Using an experimental design, 272 sketch maps were compared for differences in: sketch map style; the location of collective avoidance hotspots; the extent of the reported area avoided; the number of reported areas avoided; the intensity of avoidance; and the tortuosity of sketch map features.No significant differences were found between base maps in sketch map style or the size, intensity or number of areas avoided. Provision of larger base maps caused respondents to draw more detailed sketch maps. Collective avoidance hotspots shifted location slightly between base maps, probably due to difficulties interpreting aerial photographs.Sketch map content appears to be remarkably robust to changes in base map. Base maps appear to assist respondents with spatial referencing rather than cueing respondents to report specific features. 相似文献
10.
以ALOS、RapidEye卫星数据为基础,结合ArcGIS和ERDAS软件,提取老挝琅南塔省现有耕地,并以现有耕地为基础,综合考虑海拔、坡度、坡向因素因子,采用统计方法,建立评价模型,进而采用空间分析、统计方法,得出老挝琅南塔省马铃薯种植适宜性评价等级分类。将马铃薯适宜性评价定为各耕地评价单元的土地适宜性,分为高度适宜（〉70）、适宜（60～70）、基本适宜（50～60）、不适宜（〈50）4个等级,并建立马铃薯种植区域适宜性评价等级矢量图。 相似文献
11.
砒砂岩区地貌形态三维分形特征量化及空间变异 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
针对现有地貌形态三维分形模型结构存在的不足,构建一个新的地貌形态三维分形维数测算模型。基于该模型对砒砂岩区274个小流域的地貌形态三维分形维数进行计算并分析其空间变异规律。研究表明：① 基于该模型计算的分形维数能更准确地反映地貌形态复杂度信息;② 砒砂岩区小流域地貌形态三维分形维数介于1.683 6~1.948 6之间;③ 地貌形态三维分形维数整体上覆土砒砂岩区（均值为1.765 9）<裸露砒砂岩强度侵蚀区（均值为1.785 4）和剧烈侵蚀区（均值为1.774 8）<覆沙砒砂岩区（均值为1.796 6）。由于地表覆盖物、砒砂岩裸露程度和土壤侵蚀机理的差异而形成的不同地貌特征是该区地貌形态分形特征空间变异的主要原因。 相似文献
12.
为满足南极人员实时定位的需要,基于Android智能手机平台,利用Arc GIS API for Android,根据南极的地理环境,结合Arc GIS Server平台、GPS定位技术,设计并实现了具有地图浏览、定位、电子罗盘、导航、记录、计算距离等功能的南极人员定位软件。逐步阐述软件的设计与建立过程,重点论述底图的设计方案、软件的主要功能和成果分析。该手机软件以实用性为前提,将Arc GIS Server地图缓存技术融入其中,实现基于GIS底图服务的南极实时离线定位功能。该手机软件界面友好,操作便捷,经过在南极中山站测试,软件运行正常,实现了所有的设计功能,并且定位数据准确,为南极科学考察人员提供了便捷的手机定位服务。 相似文献
13.
Jung-Hong Hong Min-Lang Huang 《International journal of geographical information science》2017,31(6):1178-1197
Geographic information system (GIS) users rely heavily on the versatile operations of GIS software and the abundant variety of geospatial data from different resources to satisfy their application requirements. However, the convenient use of GIS software has resulted in users easily ignoring the threat of data misuse because of the lack of understanding of data quality. Here we argue that data quality considerations must be coherently assimilated into the GIS operation design to visually present helpful information and ensure the accuracy of data for decision making. Data completeness is selected in this paper to demonstrate how the use of data quality information opens a new dimension to the design of future GIS software. We propose a new model for the representation, analysis, and visualization of data completeness information. With the brand new quantitative measures and informative visual approach, understanding of the data completeness of the illustrated contents in the map interface is enhanced, and inappropriate dataset selection can be effectively prevented. Thus, this paper presents an innovative, integrated and geospatial concept of future GIS operation design, where users are constantly aware of the continuously changing status of data quality based on formalized and quantitative data quality theories. 相似文献
14.
陕西省生态农业干旱区划研究 总被引：9，自引：2，他引：7
选取主要气候变量、地质土壤类型、水文、径流特征、地表植被类型及分布等10个影响陕西省生态农业干旱因子,利用K-Means Clustel‘Analysis(快速聚类法)和Hierarchical Cluster Analy-sis(分层聚类法)相结合的方法,对陕西省生态农业干旱区划进行研究,将陕西地区划分为8个生态农业干旱相似区,并对区划合理性进行了检验.分析表明:采用生态因子和干旱因子相结合的聚类分析方法能够较好地反映陕西省生态农业干旱实际情况,充分地体现"陕西省生态农业干旱"的空间分布特征,具有较强的科学性. 相似文献
15.
Bangbo Hu 《The Professional geographer》2001,53(1):32-44
This paper explores the application of geographic information systems (GIS) in the evaluation of the accuracy of early maps through a case study of The Map of the Prefectural Capital of 1261. The evaluation of the accuracy of early maps is an important aspect of the study of the history of cartography, but no standard methodology has been generally accepted. The purpose of this paper is to assess the positional accuracy and the relative relations of the spatial objects on The Map of the Prefectural Capital using GIS. The procedure of the study includes identification of locations of the points and features of The Map of the Prefectural Capital on a modern base map, digitization of the early map and the modern base map, overlays of the digitized early map and modern base map, and an analysis of the absolute and relative distortion of the early map. The results of the analysis show that The Map of the Prefectural Capital of 1261 is reasonably accurate considering the technical ability of the thirteenth century, although it contains a considerable amount of positional displacement. In contrast to the amount of positional displacement, the relative relations among the objects are depicted much more precisely. 相似文献
16.
17.
18.
Many of the data sets analyzed by physical geographers are compositional in nature: they have row vectors that add to one (or 100%). These unit-sum constrained data sets should not be analyzed by standard multivariate statistical methods. Significant differences were found in the log-ratio mean vectors of the hydraulic exponents (which are unit-sum constrained) for two classes of streams: those with cohesive, non-vertical banks, and those with one firm and one loose bank. Compositional discriminant function analysis of bank stability on the basis of hydraulic geometry had a success rate of 88%, making routinely archived measurements of stream width, cross-sectional area, mean velocity, and discharge a readily available data base for predicting the stability of stream reaches. [Key words: geomorphology, hydraulic geometry, discriminant function, statistics.] 相似文献
19.
The SAS® computer software system, widely used and respected for its capabilities in statistical analysis and data base management, now includes a new set of graphic and cartographic procedures called SAS GRAPH?. We have used these cartographic procedures in research on mapping ethno-cultural census data from metropolitan areas in Ontario and in undergraduate and graduate courses in computer cartography. On the basis of that experience, we describe and evaluate SAS/GRAPH'S cartographic capabilities and illustrate with maps drawn by various devices. 相似文献
20.
Artificial Neural Networks for Mineral-Potential Mapping: A Case Study from Aravalli Province,Western India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper describes a GIS-based application of a radial basis functional link net (RBFLN) to map the potential of SEDEX-type base metal deposits in a study area in the Aravalli metallogenic province (western India). Available public domain geodata of the study area were processed to generate evidential maps, which subsequently were encoded and combined to derive a set of input feature vectors. A subset of feature vectors with known targets (i.e., either known mineralized or known barren locations) was extracted and divided into (a) a training data set and (b) a validation data set. A series of RBFLNs were trained to determine the network architecture and estimate parameters that mapped the maximum number of validation vectors correctly to their respective targets. The trained RBFLN that gave the best performance for the validation data set was used for processing all feature vectors. The output for each feature vector is a predictive value between 1 and 0, indicating the extent to which a feature vector belongs to either the mineralized or the barren class. These values were mapped to generate a predictive classification map, which was reclassified into a favorability map showing zones with high, moderate and low favorability for SEDEX-type base metal deposits in the study area. The method demarcates successfully high favorability zones, which occupy 6% of the study area and contain 94% of the known base metal deposits. 相似文献