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1.
鄂尔多斯地块周围的地震活动性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
当分析我国大陆地区的地震活动性时,人们注意到一个突出的现象,就是处于我国大陆内部的鄂尔多斯地块,其内部没有什么地震活动,但周围的地震却非常活跃.我国大陆地区有史以来共记载8级以上的特大地震15次,发生在鄂尔多斯地块边缘的就有5次之多,占了三分之一.我国历史上灾害最惨重、死亡83万人的陕西华县地震,最强烈的宁夏海原8(1/2)级地震,都是发生在该地块的边缘. 相似文献
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简要地分析了鄂尔多斯活动地块周缘断陷盆地构造和历史地震分布特征,界定了鄂尔多斯活动地块周缘范围,以此范围选取了Ms4级地震资料。对比研宄了鄂尔多斯活动地块周缘几次Ms6级震例前Ms4级地震活动的时间分布和空间分布特点,研究结果显示：Ms4级地震活动在6级地震前时间上出现活跃-平静-打破平静的异常特征,空间上6级地震发生在4级地震活跃地区或4级地震的平静地区。在此基础上,给出了几次Ms6级震例前肘s4级地震显著活跃的震兆意义和需讨论的问题。 相似文献
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以汾渭地堑、银川地堑、六盘山、阴山等为边界的鄂尔多斯地块是一完整性好、活动强烈的地质块体。其完整性表现在鄂尔多斯块体内部无6级以上较强地震发生,而强烈活动表现在块体周围己发生了多次7级以上强烈地震,其中8级以上地震就有5次(图1)。在图1中还画出了块体边界各段的主要错动。根据文献[1]的研究,这种错动是大华北近东西向 相似文献
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鄂尔多斯地块区内地震活动特征的初步研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文根据历史强震资料、有感历史地震资料以及仪器地震记录,研究了鄂尔多斯地块内部地震活动的时间和空间分布特征,探讨了鄂尔多斯地块周缘地震带地震活动与地块区内地震活动的关系。研究表明,鄂尔多斯地块区内曾有多次MS≥5.0破坏性地震发生,为典型的中强地震活动区;地块区地震活动具有时空不均匀性,时间分布呈现出明显的分期特征,空间分布东南强西北弱;地块内部MS≥5.0中强地震活动与其周缘地震强震活动关系密切且主要受其东缘和南缘汾渭地震带MS≥6.0地震活动的控制。 相似文献
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本文汇集和补充了鄂尔多斯地块反时针扭动的有关研究,结果看出,该地块是一完整性好而活动剧烈的地质块体,其周边活动断裂可拟合为一椭圆,地震、地质等资料表明,地块存在着反时针扭动趋势.用椭圆截面柱体扭转作模拟时,力学结果解释了地块周邻多种地质现象.根据剪应力分布的扭动形成的隆起、沉降中收区,划出了强震危险区.它们与7级以上地震分布吻合较好.大华北第三次地震活跃期(1484—1739)中,地块区7级以上地震都发生在这些危险区,且每区都有. 相似文献
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本文应用灰色系统理论GM(1,1)模型研究了鄂尔多斯地块周缘及陕西地区地震的集发现象,分别建立了地震集发段的灰色预测模型,得出鄂尔多斯地块周缘Ms≥5.5级地震的下一集发段为1987年至1994年,陕西地区Ms≥4.0级地震的下一集发段为1990年至1995年。经内测检验,所建模型具有较高的预测精度。 相似文献
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华北地区活动地块与强震活动 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
在华北活动地块的鄂尔多斯、华北平原和鲁东-黄海等3个二级活动地块中, 华北平原活动地块内部存在安阳-菏泽-临沂、唐山-河间-磁县两条活动构造带, 把该活动地块分割成太行山、冀鲁、豫淮等3个三级活动地块. 这些三级活动地块具有整体运动特征, 在新生代构造和深部构造上也有明显差异. 构成三级活动地块边界的活动构造带无论在活动强度、规模和地震活动水平上, 都小于一、二级活动地块的边界带. 华北地区活动地块边界带上M≥6级的地震密度比地块内部高出9 ~ 22倍, 平均而言, 在1个数量级以上. M≥7级的大震基本上都发生在活动地块边界带上. 这些差异不是偶然的, 而是反映了板内构造运动和强震活动特点, 是对活动地块假说非常有力的佐证. 相似文献
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地震构造图是综合反映特定地区地震构造环境和地震活动水平的基础性图件,鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带1∶50万地震构造图是国家重点研发计划“鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带动力学模型与强震危险性研究”项目的一个专题成果。该图以鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带为编图范围,参照地震行业有关地震构造图编制标准和数据库标准,在系统收集和整理区域地理信息、地质、活动构造、地震、地球物理等资料的基础上,开展高分辨卫星影像解译,吸收项目最新研究成果,建设了编图所需的基础数据库;通过资料矢量化、地层界线修改、断层修改、图面修饰、图件复核等环节,编制成鄂尔多斯活动地块及边界带1∶50万地震构造图。该图反映了由银川盆地—贺兰山、弧形构造束、渭河盆地、山西地堑系、河套盆地等活动构造单元组成的鄂尔多斯活动地块边界带,以及相邻地块有关地震构造的最新资料,完善了鄂尔多斯地块及边界带活动构造几何学和运动学图像,建成了区域地震构造基础数据库。 相似文献
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本文概述了阿尔金北缘断裂带东北段(甘肃境内)的地质背景和新构造运动,讨论了断层特性、断层几何学、形变图象及一些特殊走滑运动地貌等问题。根据第四纪后期不同时代的地貌单元被水平左旋错移的幅度,结合C~(14)年代测定,求出5个不同时代至今的平均滑动速率,并分析了断层活动的一些时空特点。文章还探讨了古地震现象,现代地震活动与断裂的关系及地震危险性,较详细地研究了新发现的芦草沟古地震形变带。 相似文献
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COULOMB STRESS EVOLUTION AND SEISMIC HAZARD ALONG THE EASTERN BOUNDARY OF THE SICHUAN-YUNNAN BLOCK 
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下载免费PDF全文 Using a more realistic model of multi-layered viscoelastic media, and considering the effects of the coseismic dislocation and the postseismic viscoelastic relaxation caused by the 34 great earthquakes occurring along the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block since 1480 and the interseismic stress accumulation caused by the tectonic loading generated by plate motions which were modeled by introducing "virtual negative displacements" along the major fault segment in the region under study, we calculated the evolution of the Coulomb stress change in each fault plane of 18 major fault segments along the eastern boundary caused by the coseismic, postseismic and interseismic effects. We studied the interactions of the Xianshuihe, Anninghe, Zemuhe and Xiaojiang fault zones on the eastern boundary of the Sichuan-Yunnan block. By evaluating if the previous earthquake could bring another earthquake closer to or farther from failure, we analyzed the interactions of the earthquakes which occurred in the different segments in the same fault zone, or in the different fault zones respectively. And further based on the calculation results of the Coulomb stress change on the fault planes, we analyzed the seismic hazard of each fault segment.The results show that the previous earthquake may trigger another earthquake which can occur in the same fault zone or in the different fault zone. And the calculation results on the evolution of the cumulative Coulomb stress change in the each fault segment show that, the Coulomb stress increases significantly in the middle section and the Moxi segment of the Xianshuihe fault zone, the Mianning-Xichang segment of the Anninghe fault zone, the Qiaojia-dongchuan segment and the Jianshui segment of the Xiaojiang fault zone, and the seismic hazard in these fault segments is worthy paying attention to. 相似文献
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MIGRATION OF LARGE EARTHQUAKES IN TIBETAN BLOCK AREA AND DISSCUSSION ON MAJOR ACTIVE REGION IN THE FUTURE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 YUAN Dao-yang FENG Jian-gang ZHENG Wen-jun LIU Xing-wang GE Wei-peng WANG Wei-tong 《地震地质》1979,42(2):297-315
On the basis of summarizing the circulation characteristics and mechanism of earthquakes with magnitude 7 or above in continental China, the spatial-temporal migration characteristics, mechanism and future development trend of earthquakes with magnitude above 7 in Tibetan block area are analyzed comprehensively. The results show that there are temporal clustering and spatial zoning of regional strong earthquakes and large earthquakes in continental China, and they show the characteristics of migration and circulation in time and space. In the past 100a, there are four major earthquake cluster areas that have migrated from west to east and from south to north, i.e. 1)Himalayan seismic belt and Tianshan-Baikal seismic belt; 2)Mid-north to north-south seismic belt in Tibetan block area; 3)North-south seismic belt-periphery of Assam cape; and 4)North China and Sichuan-Yunnan area. The cluster time of each area is about 20a, and a complete cycle time is about 80a. The temporal and spatial images of the migration and circulation of strong earthquakes are consistent with the motion velocity field images obtained through GPS observations in continental China. The mechanism is related to the latest tectonic activity in continental China, which is mainly affected by the continuous compression of the Indian plate to the north on the Eurasian plate, the rotation of the Tibetan plateau around the eastern Himalayan syntaxis, and the additional stress field caused by the change of the earth's rotation speed.
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with MS7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out. 相似文献
Since 1900AD, the Tibetan block area has experienced three periods of high tides of earthquake activity clusters(also known as earthquake series), among which the Haiyuan-Gulang earthquake series from 1920 to 1937 mainly occurred around the active block boundary structural belt on the periphery of the Tibetan block region, with the largest earthquake occurring on the large active fault zone in the northeastern boundary belt. The Chayu-Dangxiong earthquake series from 1947 to 1976 mainly occurred around the large-scale boundary active faults of Qiangtang block, Bayankala block and eastern Himalayan syntaxis within the Tibetan block area. In the 1995-present Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, 8 earthquakes with MS7.0 or above have occurred on the boundary fault zones of the Bayankala block. Therefore, the Bayankala block has become the main area of large earthquake activity on the Tibetan plateau in the past 20a. The clustering characteristic of this kind of seismic activity shows that in a certain period of time, strong earthquake activity can occur on the boundary fault zone of the same block or closely related blocks driven by a unified dynamic mechanism, reflecting the overall movement characteristics of the block. The migration images of the main active areas of the three earthquake series reflect the current tectonic deformation process of the Tibetan block region, where the tectonic activity is gradually converging inward from the boundary tectonic belt around the block, and the compression uplift and extrusion to the south and east occurs in the plateau. This mechanism of gradual migration and repeated activities from the periphery to the middle can be explained by coupled block movement and continuous deformation model, which conforms to the dynamic model of the active tectonic block hypothesis.
A comprehensive analysis shows that the Kunlun-Wenchuan earthquake series, which has lasted for more than 20a, is likely to come to an end. In the next 20a, the main active area of the major earthquakes with magnitude 7 on the continental China may migrate to the peripheral boundary zone of the Tibetan block. The focus is on the eastern boundary structural zone, i.e. the generalized north-south seismic belt. At the same time, attention should be paid to the earthquake-prone favorable regions such as the seismic empty sections of the major active faults in the northern Qaidam block boundary zone and other regions. For the northern region of the Tibetan block, the areas where the earthquakes of magnitude 7 or above are most likely to occur in the future will be the boundary structural zones of Qaidam active tectonic block, including Qilian-Haiyuan fault zone, the northern margin fault zone of western Qinling, the eastern Kunlun fault zone and the Altyn Tagh fault zone, etc., as well as the empty zones or empty fault segments with long elapse time of paleo-earthquake or no large historical earthquake rupture in their structural transformation zones. In future work, in-depth research on the seismogenic tectonic environment in the above areas should be strengthened, including fracture geometry, physical properties of media, fracture activity behavior, earthquake recurrence rule, strain accumulation degree, etc., and then targeted strengthening tracking monitoring and earthquake disaster prevention should be carried out. 相似文献
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云南强震活动的多层次动力源分析 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：2
对云南地区多层次动力过程作了分析研究，结果表明，若以两大板块之间在边界上的相互作用为最高层次的动力作用，云南地区现代构造运动至少包括三个层次的动力作用过程：(1)印度板块和亚欧板块两大地壳板块在喜马拉雅碰撞带东部弧顶和东翼相互作用产生的边界动力源对云南地区产生的直接影响和间接作用；还有菲律宾海板块对亚欧板块的北西西向的推挤，通过华南地区对云南东部的间接作用，构成了云南地区现代构造运动第一层次动力作用；(2)以康滇菱形断块为主体，包括川青断块、滇西南断块带等板内断块的整体向南南东—南东方向的相对移动产生的动力作用，是第二层次的动力作用；(3)由于板内断块边界断裂运动速率的差异，主要是水平滑动速率差异造成的板内断块内部次级断块移动产生的动力作用，是第三层次的动力作用。对印度板块和亚欧板块两大地壳板块碰撞挤压带东部弧顶和东翼相互作用产生的边界动力源与云南及邻区构造运动、构造应力场分布格局和强震活动关系作了分析研究，认为云南及邻区多层次动力作用过程，是强震活动时空分布的主要原因。 相似文献
16.
Using methods of discontinuous deformation analysis and finite element (DDA+FEM), this paper simulates dynamic processes of the Tangshan earthquake of 1976, which occurred in the northern North China where its internal blocks apparently interacted. Studies focus upon both the movement and deformation of the blocks, in particular, the Ordos block, and variations of stress states on the boundary faults. The Tangshan earthquake was composed of three events: slipping motions of NNE-striking major fault, NE-striking fault near the northeastern end of the NNE-striking fault, and NW-striking fault on the southeastern side of the NNE-striking fault. Compared with previous studies, our model yields a result that is more agreeable with the configuration of aftershock distributions. A number of data are presented, such as the principle stress field during the earthquake, contours of the maximum shear stress, the strike-slip deformation between blocks near the earthquake focus, time-dependent variations of slips of earthquake-triggered faulting, the maximum slip distance, and stress drops. These results are in accord with the earthquake source mechanism, basic parameters from earthquake wave study, macro-isoseismic line, observed horizontal displacement vectors, etc. The Tangshan earthquake exerted different influences on the adjacent blocks and boundary faults between them, thus resulting in differential movement and deformation. The Ordos block seems to have experienced the small-scale counterclockwise rotation and deformation, but its northeast part, bounded on the east by the Taihangshan and on the north by the Yanshan and Yinshan belts, underwent relatively stronger deformation. The Tangshan earthquake also changed the stress state of boundary faults of the North China, leading to an increase in shear stress and a decrease in normal stress in the NW-trending Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault through Tangshan City and the northern border faults of the Ordos block, and therefore raises the potential risk of earthquake occurrence. This result is supported by the facts that a series of Ms≥ 6 earthquakes took place at the northern margin of the Ordos block after the Tangshan earthquake. 相似文献
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Based on the GPS velocity field data of 1999-2007 and 2011-2013,we used the least squares configuration method and GPS velocity profile results to synthetically analyze the dynamic evolution characteristics of crustal deformation in the Yunnan area before and after the Wenchuan earthquake. The dynamic evolution of GPS velocity field shows that the direction is gradually changed from the south in the southern part of the Sichuan-Yunnan block to the south-west in the southern Yunnan block and there is a clear relative motion characteristic near the block boundary fault zone. Compared with the GPS velocity of 1999-2007, the results of 2011-2013 also reflect segmental deformation characteristics of the block boundary fault zone. Southeast movement shows a significant increase, which may be related to crustal deformation adjustment after the Wenchuan earthquake. The dynamic evolution of strain parameters shows a pattern of "extension in the middle and compression at both ends" in the whole area and the distribution of deformation (shear, extension or compression) is closely related to the background motion and deformation characteristics of the main fault zone. Compared with the results of the period of 1999-2007, the extensional deformation zone of 2011-2013 is expanded eastward and southward. The compressional deformation of the eastern boundary (the Xiaojiang fault zone) of the Sichuan-Yunnan block is no longer significant, which is mainly concentrated in the northern section of the Xiaojiang fault zone and may be related to the post-seismic deformation adjustment of the Wenchuan earthquake. The GPS velocity profile results show that the left-lateral slip velocity of the Xiaojiang fault zone reduced gradually from north to south (10mm/a-5mm/a), and the width of the northern section is wider. The right-lateral slip rate of the Honghe fault zone is about 4mm/a, and the deformation width is wider. The dynamic results show that the Wenchuan earthquake has little effect on the deformation modes of these two fault zones. 相似文献
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Using methods of discontinuous deformation analysis and finite element (DDA+FEM), this paper simulates dynamic processes of the Tangshan earthquake of 1976, which occurred in the northern North China where its internal blocks apparently interacted. Studies focus upon both the movement and deformation of the blocks, in particular, the Ordos block, and variations of stress states on the boundary faults. The Tangshan earthquake was composed of three events: slipping motions of NNE-striking major fault, NE-striking fault near the northeastern end of the NNE-striking fault, and NW-striking fault on the southeastern side of the NNE-striking fault. Compared with previous studies, our model yields a result that is more agreeable with the configuration of aftershock distributions. A number of data are presented, such as the principle stress field during the earthquake, contours of the maximum shear stress, the strike-slip deformation between blocks near the earthquake focus, time-dependent variations of slips of earthquake-triggered faulting, the maximum slip distance, and stress drops. These results are in accord with the earthquake source mechanism, basic parameters from earthquake wave study, macro-isoseismic line, observed horizontal displacement vectors, etc. The Tangshan earthquake exerted different influences on the adjacent blocks and boundary faults between them, thus resulting in differential movement and deformation. The Ordos block seems to have experienced the small-scale counterclockwise rotation and deformation, but its northeast part, bounded on the east by the Taihangshan and on the north by the Yanshan and Yinshan belts, underwent relatively stronger deformation. The Tangshan earthquake also changed the stress state of boundary faults of the North China, leading to an increase in shear stress and a decrease in normal stress in the NW-trending Zhangjiakou-Penglai fault through Tangshan City and the northern border faults of the Ordos block, and therefore raises the potential risk of earthquake occurrence. This result is supported by the facts that a series of Ms ≥ 6 earthquakes took place at the northern margin of the Ordos block after the Tangshan earthquake. 相似文献
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云南地区处于印度板块与欧亚板块中国大陆碰撞带的东缘,地壳运动剧烈,活动块体特征明显,中强以上地震频发,是研究大震活动规律的理想场所。通过过去一个世纪的6.7级以上地震活动的时空分布以及地震动力分析认为,云南地区存在的4个具东西交替活动特征的地震活跃期,可能是东、西部各自地震活跃与平静过程叠加的结果,100a左右可能出现1次东、西部同时爆发大震的时段;云南地区地震活动与外围地区存在较好的呼应关系,安达曼-缅甸弧形带的巨震活动对云南地区地震活跃期的启动有一定的指示意义,而云南东部强震也与四川西部大震密切相关,四川大震活动往往滞后于云南地区;中强地震连发—平静—首发大震可能是云南以东部为活动主体的地震活跃期的启动模式。这些认识对云南地区大震预测、地震机理以及板缘动力学研究会有所帮助 相似文献
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2001~2004大陆水平应变场大致沿玉树、阿尼玛沁、鲜水河、小江等断裂带形成一条由东西走向转为南北走向的应变高值带.2004~2007高值带向局部收缩,并维持前期高值.新疆于田MS7.3、四川汶川MS8.0分别位于该高值带的东段、西段剪应变梯度带上,具备大尺度形变背景.分析认为昆仑山MS8.1对青藏高原内部块体、川滇块体的相对运动产生重大影响,导致震中两侧一系列断裂带附近区域水平差异运动处于较高水平,印尼MS8.7地震则有利于上述区域应变能进一步积累.此外,2001~2004、2004~2007应变分布特征总体从无序趋向有序,体现构造应力场经历调整与再积累过程.现阶段太平洋板块、菲律宾板块俯冲作用可能有所增强. 相似文献