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1.
千家岩体为海南岛典型的晚白垩世早期花岗质杂岩体,岩石类型主要有花岗闪长岩、二长花岗岩及正长花岗岩,常见造岩矿物有黑云母、角闪石、斜长石、碱性长石、石英等。为进一步揭示岩石形成过程及源区性质,反演壳幔相互作用,本文选取千家岩体,利用电子探针技术对不同岩石类型中的主要矿物进行了矿物化学分析。结果显示,角闪石、黑云母均属于壳幔混源成因,斜长石发育正反环带及振荡环带,记录了岩浆混合作用的影响。镜下观察发现,千家岩体各类岩石中存在大量的岩浆不平衡结构,如斜长石和角闪石的环带结构,针状产出的磷灰石,以及斜长石、钾长石和石英的嵌晶结构等,结合暗色微粒包体的分布组合及形态特征,认为千家岩体形成中经历了岩浆混合作用。综合来说,岩石及矿物化学证据均表明,岩浆混合作用是研究区岩石形成的主因,矿物学证据表明,千家岩体岩石类型为I型花岗岩,其源区属钙碱性岩浆,黑云母矿物化学数据表明岩石形成环境为相对较低的氧逸度。 相似文献
2.
西藏曲水碰撞花岗岩的混合成因：来自成因矿物学证据 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：5
西藏曲水碰撞花岗岩地处冈底斯构造-岩浆带中部,呈东西向平行雅鲁藏布缝合带分布.该岩体以花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩为主,其次为石英二长闪长岩.岩体内普遍发育微粒镁铁质包体.对花岗闪长岩、石英闪长岩及微粒镁铁质包体的成因矿物学研究结果显示：（1）斜长石发育环带且边缘和核部偏基性,幔部酸性;（2）斜长石斑晶边缘常含有角闪石、黑云母等暗色矿物包体;（3）钾长石X射线结构分析显示自核部向边缘温度呈现逐渐升高的特点;（4）长石矿物中普遍含有较高的Cr、Ni、Co元素,明显不同于壳熔花岗岩;（5）角闪石、黑云母矿物MgO含量高于典型壳熔花岗岩;（6）包体中发育针状磷灰石和角闪石,显示为岩浆淬冷的结果.上述特征不可能用正常岩浆分异作用来解释,而更可能是壳-幔岩浆混合作用的结果.采用矿物温压计所得到的结果也符合混合后的岩浆演化特征. 相似文献
3.
样品来自南沙地块北缘、洋陆过渡带附近2个拖网站位,主要为代表陆壳基底的中-酸性侵入岩,如花岗闪长岩(中性组)和二长花岗岩(酸性组)等。分析了这些中-酸性侵入岩的长石、黑云母和角闪石等矿物的主量元素成分。中性组的斜长石的牌号(An为13～38)明显高于酸性组的斜长石的牌号(An值为9～12),岩石主要组成部分的斜长石成分与岩石类型一致。两组岩石的黑云母均为富镁黑云母,黑云母成分反映其岩浆物质来源为幔源或壳幔混源,且酸性组的黑云母成分反映其寄主岩石受到地幔物质的影响要大于中性组,角闪石只出现在中性岩石内,为壳幔混合成因,反映其寄主岩石为典型的I型花岗岩。矿物共生组合温压条件计算表明,中性组岩石的结晶温度和深度分别为544～630℃(平均为573℃)和18～19 km,而酸性组岩石的结晶温度和深度总体上都低于中性组岩石,分别为416～538℃(平均为494℃)和9～10 km。本研究所揭示的矿物化学特征与所计算的温压条件为基于全岩元素地球化学特征提出的岩石成因模型提供证据。 相似文献
4.
分析了海南岛燕山晚期典型的屯昌岩体、千家岩体和保城岩体中的钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和角闪石的化学成分和成因特点。结果表明:(1)多数钾长石晶体的Or含量<90,具岩浆结晶成因特征。大部分斜长石属奥长石-中长石,An含量与岩石的SiO2成负相关关系,显示岩浆发生了较高程度的结晶分异作用。(2)黑云母为镁质黑云母,主要为岩浆结晶成因,部分为耐熔残余。角闪石均为钙质角闪石类,既有岩浆成因角闪石,也有次生交代成因角闪石,以相对贫铝、富镁、(Na+K)A低为显著特点。(3)岩体最终定位深度可能≤3.3km,温度≥750°C,具深源、高温、浅侵位特征。 相似文献
5.
西藏冈底斯尼木后碰撞花岗岩的岩浆混合作用:显微结构证据 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
岩浆混合过程中不同熔体之间的相互作用会影响晶体的成核与生长,形成矿物内部复杂的成分变化,以及矿物之间的不平衡结构。尼木二长花岗岩位于冈底斯岩浆岩带中部,是代表性的形成于后碰撞构造演化时期的花岗岩体。本文对其中的斜长石与角闪石颗粒进行了详细的结构和成分分析,揭示了斜长石中的港湾状、浑圆状、筛孔状熔蚀结构以及斜长石成分的突然变化和角闪石包裹黑云母的不平衡结构,并探讨了它们的成因以及相关的岩浆混合作用。分析结果显示,斜长石中突变环带的An含量为37.6~40.6,熔蚀环带的An含量为48.2~59.5,均高于两侧斜长石的An含量(18.4~26.4),表明在形成这些结构时有外来基性岩浆的混合使得岩浆成分发生了突变。样品中的部分黑云母被自形的角闪石包裹,黑云母呈浑圆状并且具有港湾状的熔蚀边,这可能是基性岩浆的混合作用使得岩浆的温度升高导致黑云母发生部分熔融,混合后的岩浆在黑云母周围继续结晶形成角闪石。这些显微结构为揭示冈底斯岩浆岩带的岩浆混合作用提供了新证据。 相似文献
6.
铜陵地区中酸性侵入岩及其包体的成因和矿物温压计的应用 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
铜陵地区中酸性侵入岩可划分为橄榄安粗岩系列和高钾钙碱性系列。前者岩石组合为辉石二长闪长岩+二长岩+石英二长岩,后者为辉长闪长岩+石英二长闪长岩+花岗闪长岩。两个系列岩石的组成矿物种类相似,但在不同岩石中的含量不同,主要造岩矿物为斜长石、辉石、角闪石、黑云母、钾长石、石英。橄榄安粗岩系列岩石中含有大量的深源包体,包括辉石堆积岩包体、角闪石堆积岩包体和角闪石辉长质堆积岩包体,主要矿物为辉石、角闪石,其次为尖晶石、斜长石、磷灰石、金云母;高钾钙碱性系列岩石中含大量的微粒闪长质包体、镁铁质石英二长闪长质包体和富云母包体,主要矿物为斜长石、角闪石、黑云母。在考虑温压计使用条件的前提下,选择合适的温压计计算了两个系列侵入岩及包体形成的温压条件。结果表明,橄榄安粗岩系列侵入岩侵位深度(4～6km)略小于高钾钙碱性系列侵入岩(6～7km),各种堆积包体形成于45～65km的深位岩浆房,微粒闪长质包体形成于12～15km的浅位岩浆房,镁铁质石英二长闪长质包体是早期侵入岩的边缘相,而富云母包体可能为地壳部分熔融的残余相。 相似文献
7.
分析了海南岛燕山晚期典型的屯昌岩体、千家岩体和保城岩体中的钾长石、斜长石、黑云母和角闪石的化学成分和成因特点。结果表明：(1)多数钾长石晶体的Or含量小于90，具岩浆结晶成因特征。大部分斜长石属奥长石一中长石，An含量与岩石的SiO2成负相关关系，显示岩浆发生了较高程度的结晶分异作用。(2)黑云母为镁质黑云母，主要为岩浆结晶成因，部分为耐熔残余。角闪石均为钙质角闪石类，既有岩浆成因的，也有次生交代成因的，以相对贫铝、富镁、(Na K)A低为显著特点。(3)岩体最终定位深度可能小于等于3．3km，温度大于等于750℃，具深源、高温、浅侵位特征。 相似文献
8.
9.
铜官山岩体矿物学-矿物化学特征：岩浆结晶动力学意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文对皖南官山岩体开展详细地显微镜观察鉴定,利用电子探针和LA-ICP-MS技术对岩浆岩典型矿物斜长石、角闪石和榍石进行了主量和微量元素测定。显微镜鉴定表明,铜官山岩体中存在着大量的岩浆不平衡结构：如斜长石和角闪石嵌晶结构以及针状磷灰石等。这些现象的存在表明铜官山岩体在形成过程中曾发生过一次或多次岩浆混合作用。电子探针分析结果显示,斜长石的成分环带是震荡环带,而大尺度的震荡环带可能代表了大规模的岩浆混合作用;角闪石成分TiO2-Al2O3图解、CaO/NaO2-Al2O3/TiO2图解和Mg-(Fe2++Fe3+)- LiNaKCa角闪石成因矿物族三角图解指示铜官山岩体中角闪石很可能为壳-幔混合成因。LA-ICP-MS技术对主要造岩矿物的微量和稀土元素分析表明,角闪石很可能为幔源或壳幔混合源,斜长石可能为不同分异程度岩浆的混合形成。本研究比较明确地反映了铜官山岩体的形成过程中岩浆来源和结晶动力学过程,即壳幔源区的混合交代作用,与前人通过元素-同位素手段获得的信息比较吻合。 相似文献
10.
湘南地区燕山期成矿花岗岩有3种类型,其主要造岩矿物化学成分和种属明显不同;矿物的化学成分变异特征均显示出壳幔岩浆混合成因的特点：①角闪石均属于钙质角闪石亚类。②MC型早期次花岗岩中的黑云母多属镁质黑云母;CM型晚期次花岗岩中的黑云母主要为铁质黑云母;C型花岗岩中的黑云母主要为铁叶云母-铁黑云母,且多为铁锂黑云母。3类型花岗岩中黑云母的成分变异呈线型关系,暗示有成因联系。③3类型花岗岩中斜长石有明显区别,MC型多为中长石,CM的多为更长石,C型多为钠长石。斜长石环带构造发育程度不同,CM型早期次单元花岗岩中的斜长石环带最发育。④CM型花岗岩及其暗色微粒包体中的碱性长石主要属于相对富钾的正长石,包体中的个别属歪长石,表明其形成温度较高;C型花岗岩中碱性长石为相对贫钾的钠正长石及微斜长石。⑤造岩矿物特征和成分变异显示了成矿花岗岩的形成与壳幔岩浆混合作用有关,形成MC型和CM型早期次单元花岗岩的岩浆演化主要是岩浆混合作用,而CM型花岗岩晚期次的花岗岩类和C型花岗岩类的岩浆演化可能还存在分离结晶作用。 相似文献
11.
The migmatitic rocks exposed in Hafafit and Feiran areas exhibit some migmatitic structures as the banded, agmatic, boudinage and schlieren structures. The dominant type of these structures is the stromatic migmatites. Electron microprobe analyses of plagioclases, biotites and amphiboles from Hafafit and Feiran areas, in the Eastern Desert and Sinai, Egypt, are carried out and the metamorphic conditions are discussed. The present study revealed marked differences in the composition of plagioclases, biotites and amphiboles from Hafafit and Feiran localities. The obtained data indicated that plagioclases of the Feiran migmatites are of andesine and oligoclase composition, and display anorthite content from An20 to An38; whereas the Hafafit migmatites show a wider range of plagioclases from An10 to An60, and therefore plagioclases have labradorite, andesine and oligoclase composition. This may be due to the slow rate of the crystallisation processes. The analyses indicated that biotites of the studied areas are of metamorphic origin showing significant variation in Fe–Mg. It is worth mentioning that biotites from Hafafit migmatites have Mg–biotite composition while that of Feiram migmatites have Fe–biotite composition. High Mg and low Fe contents in biotite suggest higher crystallisation temperature. The composition of amphiboles in Hafafit migmatites is ferro-tschermakitic hornblende, while amphiboles from Feiram migmatites are magnesio-hornblende. High Ti content in the hornblende of Feiran migmatites suggests that they were formed at slightly higher temperatures and lower pressure than the Hafafit migmatites (i.e. Feiram migmatites and Hafafit migmatites were formed at granulite and amphibolite facies, respectively). Discrimination diagrams show that the muscovite is of secondary origin. Moreover, the present study confirmed that these migmatites are mainly formed by metamorphic differentiation via partial melting. 相似文献
12.
Liu Shuwen 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1990,(2)
北京密怀隆起西部的石城片麻岩、皂树片麻岩和云蒙山北部的片麻状花岗闪长岩是太古代同源岩浆演化形成的古深成侵入体,本文称之为四合堂花岗质杂岩。该杂岩中的石城片麻岩,皂树片麻岩的闪长质、石英门长质片麻岩—英云间长质片麻—脉状的奥长花岗岩构成了英云间长岩—奥长花岗岩演化趋势,片麻岩中的石英闪长质片麻岩与花岗间长岩—二长花岗岩构成了钙碱性演化趋势。这两个演化趋势是在不同的条件下分离的矿物相不同所致。 相似文献
13.
徐州-宿州地区榴辉岩类捕虏体中角闪石的结构、矿物化学及成因意义 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
徐州-宿州地区中生代闪长质岩石中存在丰富的榴辉岩类捕虏体。对该类捕虏体的岩相学和矿物化学研究表明,其中的角闪石具有4种产状：1）位于石榴石中的早期角闪石包裹体,为镁质普通角闪石;2）与榴辉岩中矿物平衡存在的原生角闪石,为韭闪石或韭闪石质普通角闪石;3）位于石榴石和单斜辉石周边的退变角闪石,主要为浅闪石质和阳起石质普通角闪石;4）沿单斜辉石解理分布的出溶角闪石,主要为浅闪石、浅闪石质角闪石和含亚铁韭闪石质普通角闪石。不同产状角闪石矿物化学成分的差异和温压估算结果显示,榴辉岩类捕虏体经历了一个顺时针的P—T演化轨迹,进而反映了中生代早期华北克拉通东部造山作用的存在。 相似文献
14.
Hydration of orthopyroxene (En60) in contact with plagioclase (An36) leads to oronas of the type orthopyroxene-cummingtonite-edenite + quartz-edenitic hornblende. The compositions of the minerals involved indicate that kyanite needles in the adjacent plagioclases form as part of the reaction: orthopyroxene (En60) + plagioclase (An36) + H2O→ cummingtonite + edenite/edenitic hornblende + plagioclase (< An36) + kyanite + quartz. The reaction proceedings consumption first of the orthopyroxene and later of the cummingtonite to produce a corona structure consisting of a core of intergrown edenite and quartz surrounded by edenitic hornblende. Corona evolution of this type is controlled by diffusion. 相似文献
15.
The Variscan metamorphic evolution of eclogite-amphibolites from the Savona Crystalline Massif is marked by the occurence of calcic amphiboles. Microtextural relations together with coupled electron microprobe and X-ray investigations on amphiboles pointed out a complex decompressional evolution.
A prograde stage of the evolution in the eclogite facies (temperature conditions estimated as ca. 620°C) is recorded by compositional zoning and inclusions in garnet. The eclogitic event (pressure conditions 12kbar) produced assemblages of garnet, omphacite, Ca-amphibole, zoisite, quartz and rutile. Composition and zoning of matrix eclogitic amphiboles reveal that the subsequent evolution in the eclogite facies contemplates a late re-equilibration under lower conditions of temperature (ca. 540°C) and pressure. The eclogitic amphiboles are pargasitic to edenitic hornblendes, and are marked by rather high Na contents at the M4 site (up to 0.5 apfu).
The forming of coarse-grained diopside-plagioclase symplectites and of amphibole-plagioclase coronas represent the early results of the destabilization of omphacites and garnets in the amphibolite facies. Pressure conditions of this stage have been estimated of ca. 10 kbar, while temperature conditions are poorly constrained. However, the increase in edenite (NaAlSi−1) at the outermost rims of the matrix eclogitic amphiboles and the very high values of edenite and tschermack (Al2Mg−1Si−1) components in the coronitic amphiboles (subsilicic pargasites) suggest that temperature increase accompanied the early decompression to the amphibolite facies.
Subsequent retrogression in the low-grade amphibolite facies resulted in the complete breakdown of omphacite, producing finer-grained symplectites. This stage is also recorded by the amphibole growth (magnesio-hornblendes to edenitic hornblendes with negligible Na amounts at the M4 site) at the expense of the clinopyroxene symplectites and as outward rims around the coronitic amphiboles.
Frequently, amphibolites are completely recrystallized and do not retain any relic of high pressure assemblages. Temperature conditions for this late amphibolitic event have been estimated of ca. 510°C, while pressure conditions are inferred in the range 4–7 kbar.
Such a complicated decompressional evolution is indicative of complex uplift tectonics after a subduction event. 相似文献
16.
义敦岛弧措交玛岩体岩浆混合成因:镁铁质微粒包体的证据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
义敦岛弧北部的措交玛岩基岩体主要由黑云母二长花岗岩和边部的花岗闪长岩组成。在黑云母二长花岗岩中存在有少量镁铁质微粒包体,其成分为闪长质,与寄主岩石接触关系从渐变到截然。在包体周围的寄主岩石中存在黑云母、角闪石自身的包含结构,角闪石包含黑云母,斜长石发育明显的溶蚀结构,核部斜长石被溶蚀成筛状,边部环带状斜长石溶蚀不明显,是基性岩浆注入到酸性岩浆中导致岩浆混合的结果。黑云母二长花岗岩具有更高的轻重稀土分异系数,闪长质包体轻重稀土分异系数较低,黑云母二长花岗岩和暗色闪长质微粒包体具有明显相似性的微量元素特征。寄主岩黑云母二长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年龄为236±1.9Ma,闪长质包体为235±3.9Ma,二者形成年代在误差范围内基本一致,可能为甘孜-理塘洋向西俯冲过程中,俯冲洋壳部分熔融形成的玄武质岩浆上涌底侵于壳-幔边界导致地壳的部分熔融形成酸性的黑云母二长花岗岩岩基。 相似文献
17.
WANG Qiang ZHAO Zhenhua QIU Jiaxiang WANG Renjing XU Jifeng Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Guangzhou P.R.C China University of Geosciences Wuhan P.R.C 《Continental Dynamics》2001,(2)
l. IntroductionFluid, especially water is very important to thefOrmation of I--type and S-type granitic magmas,evel1 under high temperature (for example, l000 "C).Some researches suggest that dehydration melting ofhydrous minerals (muscovite, biotite and amphiboIe)under high temperature is the main mechanism ofdeep crustal anatexis (Clemens et al., l987, Skierlie,l993, WoIf et al., l995, Johannes, l996), and themain modeIs of the formation of granitic magmas inthe orogenic belt. Howevef, t… 相似文献
18.
Nicholas M. S. Rock 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1982,81(1):64-78
Some 500 microprobe analyses from 43 rock samples, covering the entire range of major and minor intrusive rock-types, define the following ranges of mineral composition: plagioclases (An70-30), alkali feldspars (Or98-20 and Ab90–99), olivines (Fo85-82), clinopyroxenes (aluminous titanaugite through salite and aegirine-augite to acmite), amphiboles (subsilicic kaersutite through pargasite to hastingsite, edenite or katophorite), biotites (titanbiotite to titaniferous manganiferous lepidomelane). Varied discontinuous reaction relationships are evident petrographically between these minerals (e.g. amphibole overgrowths on pyroxenes or biotites), but most appear to reflect reequilibration during slow magmatic cooling, or perhaps local disequilibrium effects, and there is little evidence for significant subsolidus, hydrothermal or deuteric modification of the primary mineralogy.Although these mineral ranges are reasonably typical of differentiated alkaline gabbroic-syenitic intrusions, Monchique also shows many unusual features: e.g. a restricted stability range for olivine, the absence of amphiboles from all rocks with 54<%SiO2<58, a lack of alkali amphiboles corresponding to the acmite-rich pyroxenes, the presence of acmite-poor pyroxenes and aluminous biotites in peralkaline rocks, and irregular Ti variation in biotites. Mineral/ host-rock relationships also show peculiarities: e.g. Mg/ (Mg+Fe) ratios of mafic minerals and An contents of plagioclases increase as host-rock fractionation index (FI) increases from gabbroic (FI 30–40%) to alkali feldspar-bearing essexitic (FI c. 50) rocks. Thereafter, Mg ratios decrease only slightly, such that many malignites and miaskitic syenites (FI 70–90) carry pyroxenes and biotites which are no more, and sometimes less evolved than those in the gabbroic rocks (FI 30–40).Such features confirm earlier suggestions from whole-rock geochemistry, that a major evolutionary process in the complex was a relatively discontinuous segregation of already somewhat evolved essexitic magma into more basic and more felsic magmas, rather than an incremental gabbrosyenite crystal fractionation. They also confirm that the complex represents neither a single in situ differentiating magma pulse, nor a series of simply related pulses, but an irregular and largely irresolvable juxtaposition of magma-batches of widely varying compositions and evolutionary histories. 相似文献
19.
Neoproterozoic granites of Sharm El-Sheikh area,Egypt: mineralogical and thermobarometric variations
Calc-alkaline and alkaline intrusions of the late Neoproterozic form essential part of the Arabian–Nubian Shield. They were formed during the collision between East- and West-Gondwana. Sharm El-Sheikh area, Sinai, includes wide compositional array of these intrusions that can be considered as a case study. Variations in both tectonic and thermobarometric condition for granitic intrusions are studied. Four mappable granitic types are recognized namely monzogranite, syenogranite, alkali feldspar granites, and riebeckite-bearing granites. The monzogranite and the syenogranite of the study area are mostly I-type, whereas the alkali feldspar granite and the riebeckite-bearing granite belong to A-type granitoid. The calc-alkaline intrusions were formed in compressional setting due to decompressional melting of mafic lower crust. Partial melting and anatexing of crustal rocks are suggested to explain the protolith of the alkaline intrusions. The transition from the calc-alkaline magma to the alkaline one occurred as a result of the tectonic transition from compression regime to tectonic relaxation (extension setting) during the last stage of the Pan-African Orogeny. The amphiboles of the studied granites are classified as calcic- and alkali-amphiboles. The calcic-amphiboles are ferro-edenite while the alkali-amphiboles are typically riebeckite. Both amphibole types are of magmatic nature. Coexisting amphiboles and plagioclases are used to estimate the physicochemical parameters of magma crystallization. The syenogranite underwent temperature and pressure of formation range of 520–730 °C, <3 kbar. The alkali feldspar granite records 450–830 °C, <4 kbar, while the riebeckite-bearing granite records the lowest temperature condition among all varieties and estimate formation at 350–650 °C, <4 kbar. 相似文献
20.
Chemical differences between minerals from mineralizing and barren intrusions from some North American porphyry copper deposits 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
D. A. F. Hendry A. R. Chivas J. V. P. Long S. J. B. Reed 《Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology》1985,89(4):317-329
Major-element analyses (by electron microprobe) and copper contents (by ion-probe) are reported for primary biotite, amphibole,
magnetite, pyroxene, ilmenite, sphene and secondary biotite from intrusive rocks from mineralizing and barren stocks. The
districts studied include Christmas, Globe-Miami, Sierrita and Tombstone, in Arizona; Bingham and Alta, Utah; Ely, Nevada;
and Brenda, British Columbia.
Amphiboles from barren rocks are relatively iron-rich and display only minor compositional variation. In contrast, amphiboles
from mineralizing rocks span the range from magnesio-hornblende to actinolite, commonly even within one grain.
Barren intrusions (type B) that are temporally distinct from mineralizing intrusions, and barren intrusions outside areas
of known mineralization have higher Cu contents in their constituent minerals than do mineralizing intrusions.
Barren intrusions (type A) that are deep-level temporal equivalents of Cu-bearing porphyritic rocks are depleted in copper.
This suggests that copper is abstracted from not only the apical portions of porphyries but from parts of the deeper parent
intrusions.
The Cu contents of biotites (av. 23 ppm) and magnetites (97 ppm) from barren type B intrusions contrast with those from mineralizing
intrusions, with biotites containing 7 ppm Cu and magnetites 3 ppm Cu. Primary amphiboles from all intrusive rock types have
low copper contents, typically 2 to 5 ppm.
In the continental North American deposits, the amount of copper available by liberation from or non-incorporation into amphibole,
biotite and magnetite during magmatic crystallization or the early hydrothermal stage is low, perhaps too low to be the sole
source of copper mineralization, unless copper is abstracted from large volumes (∼ 100 km3) of rock. These results contrast with a study of the island-arc porphyry copper at Koloula, Guadalcanal, where it was argued
that sufficient copper for mineralization could have been abstracted from relatively small volumes of host rocks that originally
contained as much Cu as the contemporaneous barren rock types. 相似文献