共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
利用哨兵（Sentinel）-1A卫星升、降轨影像,在地震位错模型约束下获取了2017年九寨沟Mw 6.5地震的高质量三维形变场。首先,利用合成孔径雷达干涉测量技术（interferometric synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）提取九寨沟地震升、降轨同震形变场;然后,通过“两步法”反演获取该地震发震断层的几何参数和分布式滑动模型,以此为约束,采用方差分量估计算法联合解算九寨沟地震三维形变场。结果表明,九寨沟地震同震三维形变场以水平位移为主,垂向形变较弱;南北向形变呈拉张趋势,断层上盘向南、下盘向北滑动,最大位移分别为－19.81 cm和14.38 cm;东西向形变不对称性明显,断层上盘西北部向东水平运动,最大位移为18.37 cm,下盘东南部向西运动,最大位移不足8 cm。将南北、东西向形变与6个全球导航卫星系统（global navigation satellite system,GNSS）台站观测数据进行比较,两者一致性较好且均方根误差较小,分别为1.44 cm和1.77 cm,表明联合升、降轨InSAR观测和地震位错模型约束构建同震三维形变场方法具有较高可行性,显著降低了大地测量数据不足、InSAR观测对南北向形变不敏感等问题的影响。 相似文献
2.
利用SAR影像配准偏移量提取地表形变的方法与误差分析 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
单一的InSAR观测技术可提取地表沿雷达视线方向(LOS)上的一维位移,而利用SAR影像配准过程中的同名像素偏移量可提取地表沿雷达方位向(近南北向)与距离向(近东西向)的二维形变场,与LOS方向的一维形变形成优势互补。本文在分析SAR影像配准偏移量提取地表形变场方法的基础上,推导建立了雷达方位向与距离向形变提取的误差模型,探讨了该方法提取地表形变的主要误差源。以Bam地震ASAR影像和玉树地震PALSAR影像为数据源,分别开展同震形变场的提取与误差分析试验,结果表明,基于SAR像素配准偏移量提取同震形变场的精度主要受匹配窗口尺寸与过采样因子影响,形变提取误差随匹配计算窗口的增大而减小,形变提取精度随过采样因子的增大有适量提高,地形起伏效应在高差较大的SAR影像区域中表现较为显著。 相似文献
3.
利用Sentinel-1A卫星升轨、降轨合成孔径雷达影像数据,提取了2016年门源Mw5.9级地震的高精度合成孔径雷达干涉同震形变场,利用单纯形法和非负最小二乘法反演确定了地震断层几何和滑动分布,并构建了区域断裂带的深部几何形态模型。结果表明,门源Mw5.9级地震同震形变以地表抬升为主,沿升轨、降轨视线向的最大值分别为5.3 cm、7.1 cm;地震断层走向、倾角分别为133°、43°;地震滑动以逆冲为主,主要发生在地下6.14~12.28 km处,最大滑动量约0.5 m,平均滑动角为66.85°,地震矩为1.0×1018 N·m（Mw5.94）;形变观测拟合残差均方根为0.36 cm;区域断裂带的深部几何形态以花状构造为特征,整体倾向南西,门源地震发震断裂为花状构造中未出露地表的盲断层。相关成果能够为研究区域地壳运动与变形、活动断裂与地震孕育发生等提供参考。 相似文献
4.
Guoxiang Liu Jonathan Li Zhu Xu Jicang Wu Qiang Chen Huixin Zhang Rui Zhang Hongguo Jia Xiaojun Luo 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2010
The Ms8.0 Wenchuan earthquake (in China) occurred on 12 May 2008 as a result of slip on the northeastern-striking Longmen Shan (LMS) faults beneath the rugged margin between the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Sichuan Basin. The catastrophic event caused significant surface ruptures and permanent ground displacement in a wide area. This paper concentrates on mapping surface deformation caused by the main shock with the interferometric synthetic aperture radar (InSAR) technology. The coseismic interferogram covering an area of over 83,000 km2 is computed with use of 46 SAR images that were collected along 6 adjacent ascending orbits by the L-band SAR sensor onboard the Japanese Advanced Land Observing Satellite (ALOS). The displacements measured at 16 GPS sites are used to check the accuracy of the InSAR deformation measurements. The radar coherence is computed and analyzed in relation to the topography and the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) estimated from the Landsat-7 imagery. The results show that the coseismic surface deformation can be mapped up to a centimeter-accuracy level even over the highly mountainous and heavily vegetated area with the L-band interferometer. It is also demonstrated that the L-band interferograms with time interval of months to years can still maintain acceptable radar coherence for deformation extraction over the area under the extreme conditions. The extracted InSAR deformation measurements show that the lands in the Sichuan Basin had moved 0.1–1.3 m toward the satellite along the radar line of sight (LOS) direction with an azimuth of 349.8° and an elevation angle of 51.3°, while the lands in the LMS area had moved 1.4 m at most away from the satellite. 相似文献
5.
高精度同震三维形变场对于研究地震变形模式、震源机制等具有重要意义。设计并实现了一种联合地震位错模型和扩展融合大地测量、卫星形变观测、应变张量估计(extended simultaneous and integrated strain tensor estimation from geodetic and satellite deformation measurements, ESISTEM)方法的新方法,以2021年Ms 6.4漾濞地震为例,利用哨兵1号A、B星(Sentinel-1A/B)升、降轨影像获得该地震的合成孔径雷达干涉测量形变场,利用地震位错模型正演得到的南北向形变分量进行约束,成功提取了该地震完整的同震三维形变场及应变场。结果表明,漾濞地震断层西南侧主要向西、向北运动,最大形变分别为4.8 cm、9.5 cm;东北侧主要向东、向南运动,最大形变分别为7.4 cm、4.6 cm;垂直向抬升、沉降的最大值分别为3.6 cm、3.4 cm;发震断层以右旋走滑运动为主,兼有少量正断分量;发震断层区域受到显著的膨胀、剪切和旋转作用。 相似文献
6.
为了获取2019年6月17日发生的四川宜宾Ms6.0地震引起的地表形变情况,该文利用欧空局宽幅模式的高分辨率新型Sentinel-1A卫星获取了此次地震的第一对同震干涉像对数据,使用D-InSAR技术获取宜宾市长宁县地区的同震形变场。结果显示,本次地震在震中西北方向分别形成了1个明显的沉降区和抬升区,在雷达视线方向上的最大沉降量为7.9 cm,最大抬升量为8.1 cm。通过与同一时间内的GPS高程测量形变量相比,D-InSAR解算的地表形变量与GPS监测点形变量基本一致,均不超过3 mm,表明了本文的D-InSAR形变解算结果的可靠性,体现了新型Sentinel-1A雷达卫星在地震形变监测领域有着很高的应用价值和潜力。 相似文献
7.
张成龙 李振洪 张双成 王建伟 占洁伟 李鑫泷 刘振江 杜建涛 陈博 孟岭恩 朱武 付鑫 余琛 周保 隋嘉 赵利江 王祖顺 辛兵厂 徐江明 张勤 彭建兵 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2022,47(8):1257-1270
2022-01-08中国青海省门源县发生Mw 6.7地震,直接导致兰新高铁受损停运,引起了国内外的高度关注。为了评估交通网的受损情况,提出一种综合光学遥感影像、合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar, SAR）影像、无人机影像和激光雷达（light detection and ranging, LiDAR）数据解译地震地表破裂带的技术框架。针对此次门源事件,首先,获取高分1号（GF-1）、高分7号（GF-7）、Sentinel-2光学遥感影像和Sentinel-1A SAR影像,根据GF-1和GF-7光学遥感影像确定地表破裂带的空间分布特征,并利用光学像素偏移量技术估计东西向和南北方向二维地表形变场;其次,利用SAR像素偏移量技术获取距离向和方位向地表形变场, 同时利用差分干涉技术获取雷达视线向的地表形变(即距离向);然后,采用运动结构恢复技术处理无人机影像获取高精度的数字地表模型;最后,综合利用上述信息精确确定地震地表破裂的空间分布和地表形变特征。结果表明,此次地震东西向最大形变量约为2.0 m,距离向最大形变量约为1.5 m,该破裂带总长约为36.22 km。结合门源地区公路交通网,基于机器学习方法支持向量机模型对历史地质灾害点的分布以及地表破裂带进行分析,发现此次地震对高速公路带来的影响最大,对乡道的影响最小;交通干线G0611和G338东南段具有很高的灾害风险。所提技术框架可精密地解译地表破裂,在地震减灾中直接发挥作用。 相似文献
8.
随着人们对大尺度地形信息与地表环境变化监测需求的提升,以及哨兵1号（Sentinel-1A）、大地2号（ALOS-2）等合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）卫星的宽幅模式数据不断获取,宽幅雷达干涉测量（SAR interferometry,InSAR）技术已成为大尺度地形测绘、地球动力学（地震、火山、滑坡等）与人工地物结构健康监测等领域的研究热点。分析了两类宽幅SAR数据,即扫描（ScanningSAR,ScanSAR）模式与逐行扫描地形观测（terrain observation by progressive scans SAR,TOPSAR）模式开展干涉测量的主要限制条件与解决方法,探讨了宽幅InSAR形变监测关键误差估计与改正方法、时间序列分析技术与方位向位移观测技术,并给出2008年矩震级Mw 7.1新疆于田地震同震、震后形变监测应用。随着宽幅SAR数据的不断积累,宽幅InSAR大地测量学有望得到深入发展与应用。 相似文献
9.
South-west of Tehran, the capital city of Iran, is subjected to a high deformation rate due to excessive groundwater extractions. Persistent Scatterrer SAR Interferometry (PS-InSAR) technique is used to monitor Tehran’s deformation. Three time series data including two Sentinel-1A (S-1A) spanning from 2014 to 2017, and an ENVISAT-ASAR data stack spanning from 2004 to 2010, are analyzed. The PS-InSAR technique does not perform well on ENVISAT-ASAR due to poor selection of PS points induced by large perpendicular baselines and strong temporal decorrelation of the dataset. In this paper, a novel Iterative PSI method (IPSI) is proposed to increase the PS points which are lost in PS-InSAR technique because of the unsuccessful derivation of the absolute phase value due to an integer ambiguity. The method selects PS points based on simultaneous analysis of their amplitude and phase. Results demonstrate that the density of PSs has been increased by about 4.5 times. Line of Sight (LOS) velocities obtained from both S-1A and ENVISAT-ASAR data analysis are highly compatible with each other, indicating the reliability of the both applied methods. The maximum cumulative displacements are estimated as 39.6 cm and 88.4 cm for Sentinel-1A and ENVISAT-ASAR datasets respectively. Moreover, the subsidence area has grown in the period between the data acquisition time. The methods are successfully validated by subsidence rates obtained from precise leveling and GPS observations. 相似文献
10.
2022年1月8日青海省海北州门源县发生Ms 6.9地震,震中位于青藏高原东北缘祁连-海原断裂中段,属历史地震空区,基于多源合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）遥感数据研究该地震的破裂模式对理解青藏高原东北缘构造变形机制、应变释放过程以及地震危险性评估具有重要意义。首先利用Sentinel-1数据和合成孔径雷达差分干涉测量（differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar,D-InSAR）技术获取了门源地震的同震形变场,视线（line of sight,LOS）向形变场显示此次地震造成了约20 km长的地表破裂,最大形变约0.75 m;然后基于Sentinel-2卫星数据,利用光学影像配准和相关技术获取了本次地震的东西向同震形变场,最大同震位移达2.5 m;最后基于均匀弹性半无限位错模型,以LOS向形变场为约束反演了断层的滑动分布模型。结果显示,门源地震是一次典型的左旋走滑型地震,地震破裂主要集中在0~10 km深度范围,最大滑动量3.25 m,滑动角10.44°,对应深度4.89 km;反演给出的矩震量为1.07×1019 N·m,对应矩震级Mw 6.6。结合野外考察和地质资料,初步判定发震断裂为冷龙岭断裂,并引起托莱山断裂发生同震滑动。同震库仑应力结果显示,冷龙岭断裂东段和托莱山断裂西段应力状态为加载,未来具有发生强震的风险。 相似文献
11.
Zheyuan Du Alex Hay-Man Ng Li Xiaojing Liyuan Li 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2018,11(5):504-519
Beijing City has suffered from groundwater-induced subsidence since the late 1930s and the over-exploration of groundwater could lead to subsidence as much as ?12.0 cm?yr?1. Previous studies on the ground deformation at Beijing City mainly focused on the period before the year of 2014 when a mega-engineering project was launched to reduce water shortage in Beijing. To study the most recent ground deformation, 19 L-band ALOS-1 PALSAR images (June 2007–January 2011), 24 C-band Sentinel-1 SAR images (June 2015–November 2016) together with 9 ALOS-2 PALSAR acquisitions (September 2014–February 2017) were analysed in this work. Levelling measurements were exploited to verify the ALOS-1-based time series InSAR (TS-InSAR) result while Sentinel-1 and ALOS-2 result were cross-verified with each other. Furthermore, the whole study area was divided into four sub-zones, and the result indicated that the subsidence rates over five townships, Cuigezhuan, Jinzhan, Liyuan, Songzhuang and Yanjiao were accelerating and more attentions should be paid. On the contrary, the town centre of Douge Zhuang township experienced a decreasing trend between these two temporal-periods. Additionally, the time series measurements with respect to five selected measurement points and the profile line along the subsidence hot spots were analysed. 相似文献
12.
监测煤矿开采导致的地表三维形变对于矿区地质灾害防控和开采沉陷机理研究至关重要。针对单轨道InSAR和先验模型融合解算矿山三维形变存在精度不高、时间分辨率差的问题,本文提出了一种通过优化先验模型参数的矿区多轨InSAR三维形变解算方法。首先,利用Weibull模型同步4个轨道LOS向形变位移,以此削弱不同轨道之间时间异步对三维形变解算精度的影响,并采用加权最小二乘求解矿区垂直向和东西向形变;然后,根据垂直向和东西向形变优化矿区开采先验模型参数;最后,解算南北向形变位移。利用覆盖大同矿区的TerraSAR-X数据和3个轨道Sentinel-1 InSAR数据集对本文方法进行验证。研究结果表明,与地面GPS监测点相比,本文方法可以获得相对精确的三维形变结果,垂直向RMSE、东西向RMSE和南北向RMSE约为1.1、1.4和2.1 cm。 相似文献
13.
In 2019, four strong earthquakes of Mw>6.4 occurred successively in Mindanao, Philippines. Based on the reports from the USGS and PHIVOLCS, these earthquakes were dominated by strike-slip ruptures. Whether these earthquakes are temporally and spatially related remained unknown. We characterized the coseismic displacement fields during the earthquake sequence using an InSAR technique with Sentinel-1 SAR data. The InSAR deformation measurements convincingly reveal that the four earthquakes produced distinct coseismic displacement patterns. We estimated the source parameters of the earthquakes with a two-step inversion strategy. The optimal model suggests that the earthquake sequence resulted from the reactivation of a conjugate fault structure that involves two nearly vertical left-lateral strike-slip faults and two high-angle right-lateral strike-slip faults. We calculated Coulomb stress changes from the earthquake sequence, suggesting that the previous strong earthquakes had significant stress-encouraging effects on the following events. The regional velocities based on the GPS analysis suggest that the formation of this conjugate structure is mainly due to the westward movement of the subducting Philippine Sea Plate. This earthquake sequence provides a seismotectonic background for subsequent strong earthquakes and helps to better understand the formation mechanisms and seismotectonic implications of conjugate structure rupturing. 相似文献
14.
洪涝灾害会造成农田淹没、居民住宅损毁等危害,因此对洪水淹没范围进行实时、准确监测可有效进行灾后治理。利用光学传感器提取洪水淹没范围时,不能穿透云层,因此无法获取有效地面信息;而SAR使用微波波段,不受天气影响,在夜间也能成像。因此,SAR成为洪水灾害灾情评估的有力工具。本文利用2021年9月23日、10月5日、10月17日3景SAR雷达影像Sentinel-1A数据,计算相干性系数,设置阈值为0.2,提取水体淹没范围,分析其扩张范围及变化趋势,并根据生成的形变图分析水位抬升变化,验证了基于雷达数据的相干系数阈值提取方法监测洪水淹没范围,以及采用InSAR技术准确提取水体边界与分析水位上升趋势的可行性。 相似文献
15.
Vertical deformation estimation can be a significant tool in preventing geological hazards and managing environment impacts of underground mining. Common ground surface vertical deformation calculations are challenged by difficult data collection and dependence on prior knowledge. SVD (singular value decomposition) method was applied to estimate ground surface vertical deformation from single pair SAR (synthetic aperture radar) data in a mining region. During the study, LOS (line of sight) and azimuth displacement was obtained using two pass D-InSAR (differential interferometry synthetic aperture radar) and MAI (multi-aperture radar interferometry) technology, respectively. Two adjustment equations were composed using the imaging geometry of D-InSAR and MAI. The singular value decomposition theorem was used to acquire M-P (Moore-Penrose) generalized inverse of the rank deficiency coefficient matrix. From this, the optimal approximation solution of unknown parameters was calculated using weighted least squares. A working panel in the Datong mining area, Shanxi province, China, was selected to verify the SVD approach using the two ascending Sentinel-1A data. The accuracy of vertical deformation estimated by SVD approach is reliable. The RMSE (root mean square error) of vertical deformation is 2.64 mm (along upright profile) and 4.95 mm (along horizontal profile). These results suggest that the SVD approach will complement widely used vertical ground surface deformation calculations. Further study is needed to validate the method from other deformation scenarios from landslides, groundwater loss, earthquakes, underground mining, and glacier movement. 相似文献
16.
Kousik Biswas Debashish Chakravarty Pabitra Mitra Arundhati Misra 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(6):913-926
Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR), nowadays, is a precise technique for monitoring and detecting ground deformation at a millimetric level over large areas using multi-temporal SAR images. Persistent Scatterer Interferometric SAR (PSInSAR), an advanced version of InSAR, is an effective tool for measuring ground deformation using temporally stable reference points or persistent scatterers. We have applied both PSInSAR and Small Baseline Subset (SBAS) methods, based on the spatial correlation of interferometric phase, to estimate the ground deformation and time-series analysis. In this study, we select Las Vegas, Nevada, USA as our test area to detect the ground deformation along satellite line-of-sight (LOS) during November 1992–September 2000 using 44 C-band SAR images of the European Remote Sensing (ERS-1 and ERS-2) satellites. We observe the ground displacement rate of Las Vegas is in the range of ?19 to 8 mm/year in the same period. We also cross-compare PSInSAR and SBAS using mean LOS velocity and time-series. The comparison shows a correlation coefficient of 0.9467 in the case of mean LOS velocity. Along this study, we validate the ground deformation results from the satellite with the ground water depth of Las Vegas using time-series analysis, and the InSAR measurements show similar patterns with ground water data. 相似文献
17.
2015年4月25日尼泊尔地区发生了Mw 7.9级地震,发震断层位于印度板块与欧亚板块碰撞边界带,此次地震是一次典型的板块逆冲型事件。利用中国境内加密的GPS同震观测资料,融合ALOS-2卫星L波段的InSAR（interferometric synthetic aperture radar）同震形变数据,基于最小二乘方法获得了此次地震的同震垂直位移场。同震垂直位移结果表明,此次地震造成尼泊尔加德满都地区抬升约0.95 m,珠穆朗玛峰地区受地震的影响有所下降,其主峰的沉降量为2~3 cm,中国境内的希夏邦马主峰沉降约为20 cm。地区利用改进的二维弹性半空间位错模型反演了发震断层运动参数,本文模型显示此次地震的断层面破裂宽度约为60 km,平均滑动量达到4 m,相当于Mw 7.89级。 相似文献
18.
2016年8月24日,意大利中部阿马特里切（Amatrice）地区发生Mw 6.2地震。采用ALOS-2条带模式和SENTINEL-1A宽幅模式的合成孔径雷达（synthetic aperture radar,SAR）数据分别进行SAR差分干涉测量处理,获取了该地震的同震形变场。结果显示,本次地震造成意大利中部地区发生明显的地壳形变,在雷达视线向最大沉降量达19.6 cm。基于合成孔径雷达干涉测量（interferometry synthetic aperture radar,InSAR）和GPS同震形变场数据对此次地震的发震断层进行联合反演,通过改进倾角和平滑系数获取方法,得到了最优滑动分布模型。通过使用单断层模型和双断层模型进行反演可知,双断层模型反演结果优于单断层反演结果,两种模型下反演模型相关系数分别为0.85和0.89,发震断层走向分别为160°和158°,倾角分别为44°和46°,倾滑分布主要位于地下5~7 km,平均倾滑角为-80°,最大倾滑量0.9 m位于地壳深度5 km处,该发震断层是亚平宁冲断带的一部分,为NW-SE向延伸的正断层,断层长约20 km。综合使用地震同震形变场和GPS数据对震源机制进行反演、模拟和分析,获取了高精度的震源参数,可以为分析地震危险性和断层破裂参数等提供数据支持。 相似文献
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Knowledge on the interaction of active structures is essential to understand mechanics of continental deformation and estimate the earthquake potential in complex tectonic settings. Here we use Sentinel-1A radar imagery to investigate coseismic deformation associated with the 2016 Menyuan (Qinghai) earthquake, which occurred in the vicinity of the left-lateral Haiyuan fault. The ascending and descending interferograms indicate thrust-dominated slip, with the maximum line-of-sight displacements of 58 and 68 mm, respectively. The InSAR observations fit well with the uniform-slip dislocation models except for a larger slip-to-width ratio than that predicted by the empirical scaling law. We suggest that geometric complexities near the Leng Long Ling restraining bend confine rupture propagation, resulting in high slip occurred within a small area and much higher stress drop than global estimates. Although InSAR observations cannot distinguish the primary plane, we prefer the west-dipping solution considering aftershocks distribution and the general tectonic context. Both InSAR modelling and aftershock locations indicate that the rupture plane linked to the Haiyuan fault at 10 km depth, a typical seismogenic depth in Tibet. We suggest that the earthquake more likely occurred on a secondary branch at a restraining bend of the Haiyuan fault, even though we cannot completely rule out the possibility of it being on a splay of the North Qilian Shan thrusts. 相似文献
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基于GIS的InSAR结果分析方法及在汶川Mw7.9级地震同震解释中的应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
利用GIS对InSAR结果进行分析可以更全面地解释地表形变机制。介绍了利用GIS对SAR影像进行裁剪、切割和拼接处理、剖面和等值分析的方法。在此基础上,以汶川Mw7.9级地震为例介绍了基于GIS的InSAR结果分析方法在地震形变机制解释方面的应用:①根据InSAR距离向偏移量和同震形变场,利用GIS技术提取了汶川Mw7.9级地震发震断层的地表迹线;②将基于位错模型正演得到的视线向形变场与InSAR同震形变场进行比较,得到了汶川地区InSAR同震形变场的上盘和整体改正数,进一步借助GIS进行修正得到了更为真实的InSAR同震形变场;③利用2D/3DInSAR同震形变场、干涉纹图和剖面分析结果对汶川Mw7.9级地震同震形变特征进行了具体分析和解释。 相似文献