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1.
重庆地区天青石型锶矿床成矿特征 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
秦震 《成都理工学院学报》1998,25(2):224-232
重庆地区的锶矿产于下三叠统嘉陵江组二、四段的灰岩－白云岩－天青石膏质藻层白云岩－石膏岩韵律层中。天青石膏质藻层白云岩是含矿层。准同生阶段已有天青石沉积,形成矿源层。在后生阶段的热力、压力驱动下,第一期热卤水（２２０￣３００℃）沿含矿层交代形成条纹条带状天青石矿层;第二期热卤水（１５０￣２２０℃）在含矿层及其附近的碳酸盐岩裂隙中充填交代,形成团块状、脉状天青石;第三期热卤水（〈１５０℃）沿断裂充填形 相似文献
2.
沉积型天青石矿床的地质特征及其成因探讨 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
沉积型天青石矿床和蒸发岩类 ,特别是石膏的沉积密切相关 ,含矿地层主要是纹层状叠层石或藻灰岩。天青石中硫、锶同位素值和海水硫、锶同位素值相近。在蒸发条件下海水浓缩到一定浓度时 ,产生天青石沉积 ,或是富锶的硫酸型晶间卤水和钙碳酸盐反应 ,形成交代型天青石。天青石主要分布于蒸发盐盆地的边缘部位 ,位于钙碳酸盐和钙硫酸盐沉积的过渡带 相似文献
3.
《矿物学报》2019,(6)
应用岩相学及矿相学镜下鉴定、粉晶衍射半定量分析、包裹体测试分析及电子探针分析技术,结合地质温压计估算流体的温度,对天青石矿床的成因进行探讨。结果表明,新疆乌恰县帕恰布拉克天青石矿床中矿石类型主要有厚层块状天青石岩、天青石化灰岩、天青石化硅质细砾岩及热液角砾状天青石岩。矿物主要为天青石、方解石、白云石等。成矿流体主要为3种类型,分别为气相高温中盐度流体、液相中温高盐度流体及液相低温低盐度流体。矿床的形成可划分为2个期次5个阶段,其中2个期次分别为热卤水同生沉积成岩成矿期、盆地流体改造期。5个阶段为富锶热卤水同生沉积-交代阶段、富锶热卤水同生沉积阶段、热卤水喷流沉积阶段,后期含碳酸盐质的热水混合沉积阶段,盆地流体改造阶段。 相似文献
4.
根据流体包裹体特征、同位素组成等，认为官田黄铁矿矿床成矿压力小于１００ｂａｒ，成矿热流体温度低于２２０～２４０℃，盐度低于１２％（ｗｔ），ｐＨ为４．４～５．８，Ｅｈ为－０．５，ｆＯ２值小于１０－２５ｂａｒ，因此其成因类型为浅成低温水热脉状黄铁矿矿床。交代充填作用形成黄铁矿，不同性质的溶液在运移途中相遇，造成其它成矿元素的淀积，大气降水具双重成矿作用。 相似文献
5.
库车盆地铜成矿作用发生在新近纪,主要有砂岩型、泥岩型、灰岩型、含石英脉硫化物型铜矿化。矿化主要分布在盆地南部的秋里塔格构造带和北部的克拉苏构造带,基本位于背斜核部偏两翼部位,沿近东西向的断裂带呈带状分布,发育在盐丘附近。主要的地表铜矿物是氯铜矿,为干旱气候条件下含盐盆地的产物。盆地古近系蒸发岩电镜分析、石膏铜含量化学分析及新近系碎屑岩中铜含量变化分析结果表明：盐岩、膏岩,褐红色碎屑岩（粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩、泥岩）为铜的矿源层,灰绿色粉砂岩、泥岩、灰白色（含砾）中粗砂岩为铜的含矿层。铜离子的运移载体为源自大气降水溶解蒸发岩所形成的卤水,卤水淋滤褐红色碎屑岩中的铜并下渗到地下,在以构造挤压为主及盐构造卸负作用产生流体上涌的驱动力下沿断裂向地表运移,随着卤水温度压力降低,在干旱气候条件下,在地表碎屑岩节理面、部分层理面上盐、膏、铜矿物析出,形成地表砂岩型、泥岩型、灰岩型铜矿化。如果含铜卤水经过被方解石交代的硬石膏带时,遇到由于TSR反应形成的还原硫、氧化－还原化学障,铜会发生富集,可能形成地下铜矿体。 相似文献
6.
云南兰坪金满中生代沉积岩中的铜矿成矿作用 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
兰坪－思茅中新生代盆地沉积岩中产出一系列热液型铜矿床（矿点），以石英、铁白云石与含铜硫化物（包括黄铜矿、斑铜矿、黝铜矿和辉铜矿）为主，呈脉状产于砂岩、页岩中，而单独的黝铜矿、方解石和重晶石脉则产于底部碳酸盐岩中．红色碎屑岩中的浅色还原层内的细脉和裂隙中也具有铜矿化。矿石构造以角砾状、脉状最为发育，矿脉多位于褶皱与走向断裂破碎带的叠加部位。金满铜矿的Ｓｒ、Ｓ、Ｐｈ同位素证据、稀土元素地球化学及液体包裹体资料表明，成矿元素主要来自沉积岩层，合矿卤水属于盆地卤水，流来自于硫酸盐的还原作用及沉积硫化物的淋滤溶解作用。含矿流体是Ｈ。Ｏ－ＮａＣＩ～ＣＯ。体系卤水，成矿温度为１５０～３００Ｃ，流体盐度为５％～２０％ＮａＣＩ。据含ＣＯ２包裹体的测温资料估算成矿压力大于６Ｘ１０＇Ｐａ，相当于３ｋｍ深的静岩压力。根据铜矿床成因研究，笔者提出了含矿热卤水储备与突发成矿作用的成矿模式。成矿前，矿化卤水象石油天然气一样，首先集中到一定的构造部位，在构造活动期突然爆炸成矿。成矿期由３个阶段组成，即爆炸充填、渗透充填与改造阶段，热液活动主要在前两个阶段。 相似文献
7.
对塔东北库鲁克塔格隆起的乌孜里塔格剖面中上寒武统白云岩的岩石学、成岩作用、裂隙—孔隙发育与充填等特征研究认为：可划分为有序度逐渐增加的粉晶白云岩、粉细晶白云岩、中细晶白云岩和中粗晶白云岩及晶洞中的中粗晶、巨晶和鞍形白云石等4种类型;分别对应于早期准同生—浅埋、中浅埋藏、中等埋藏和构造断裂—热液（热卤水）作用4期的成岩阶段;其中,沿走滑断裂—裂隙带、呈不规则的“侵入体” 具有斑点状、条纹—条带、雁行状—斑马、角砾状和不规则状结构的中粗晶、粗晶、巨晶（部分为鞍形）白云岩（石）,一般不发光或呈昏暗的暗红色,具有与加拿大西部盆地典型的热液白云岩相似的特征;中上寒武统白云岩存在4～5期构造裂隙和3期以上的充填作用;热液白云岩中以晶间孔、晶间溶孔（洞）、裂隙及沿裂隙的扩溶孔洞为主,主要有二世代的白云石和方解石和少量沥青、石英、微量硬石膏和重晶石等多期充填作用。与西加盆地寒武系部分或全部交代充填缝洞及角砾构造、受来自落基山造山带的晚白垩世至古近系拉腊米（Laramide）构造的被排驱的热液流体交代形成的典型热液白云岩稍有不同,海西晚期（晚二叠世）及燕山—喜马拉雅期（晚白垩世—第四纪）沿挤压—走滑断裂排驱的地层热卤水循环—扩散与交代作用可能是本区热液白云岩的主要成因,储集空间主要由中、晚期构造断裂—裂隙（溶蚀）所致,但不排除成岩早期埋藏或晚期大气水作用对其影响。 相似文献
8.
四川盆地震旦系-古生界热液作用及其成藏成矿效应初探 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
震旦纪-古生代期间四川盆地发生过兴凯地裂运动及峨眉地裂运动两次强烈勾造热液活动.盆地周缘的金属成矿作用主要发生于晚二叠世,与峨眉山岩浆活动相关,形成了会泽、大梁子、天宝山等一系列MVT型铅锌矿,及会理小石房、汉源黑区-雪区SEDEX型铅锌矿.盆地内部常见热液矿物组合,有:白云石-石英-黄铁矿组舍、黄铜矿-黄铁矿-孔雀石组合、天青石-硬石膏-石英及白云石-萤石组合、白云石-天青石等组合;其主要呈溶蚀脉或孔洞状、以及交代状交代白云岩、页岩及生物屑含云灰岩或灰岩等.四川盆地二叠系长兴组礁白云岩与阳新统灰岩中发育的砂糖状白云岩可能均是热液作用产物,或经历过热液蚀变.震旦系87Sr/86Sr比值对比表明在深埋过程中,震旦系具有三期外来侵蚀性富87Sr/86Sr比值的流体充注;震旦系裂缝中白云石,奥陶、志留系裂缝中的方解石的87Sr/86Sr比值明显高于自身围岩与同期海水87Sr/86Sr比值,三者相近的值表明在后期构造隆升过程中超压热液释放,发生跨层流动.热液可影响区域热流值,使川西南地区地温梯度明显高于川东(北)地区,致使二叠系一三叠系及下寒武统具有相对较高的沉积期地温.盆地周缘铅锌矿床与有机质及盆地油田卤水具有密切关系.热液作用为震旦系-古生界储层中与构造相关的溶蚀孔洞缝提供了一种新的溶蚀机理,以及先前多解释成埋藏成因砂糖状白云石、礁白云岩可能均是热液成因;热液白云岩与围岩基质相比具有相对较高储层物性,特别是在区域性低孔隙度低渗透率的震旦系-古生界中形成热液白云岩优质储层,为今后四川盆地震旦系-古生界碳酸盐岩勘探提供了一个重要方向. 相似文献
9.
八方山大型多金属矿床热水沉积岩相特征与矿化剂组分关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
陕西八方山大型(金)多金属矿床赋存在于中泥盆统吉维特晚期的热水沉积岩相中。富SiO2酸酐型热水同生—交代沉积作用形成热水同生沉积微相(层状硅质岩)、热水同生交代微相(微晶石英岩及硅化灰岩)；富Fe^2 - Mg^2 碳酸盐型热水同生沉积作用形成层状含铜硅质铁白云岩；在同生断裂附近，因热水液压致裂-隐爆作用形达含铜黄铁矿硅质铁白云石角砾岩；富Na^ 铝硅酸盐型／富Fe^2 、Mg^2 碳酸盐型热流体在同生断裂中形成热水充填微相(穿层脉状钠长石碳酸岩)；低温热卤水(富F、Ba、B、As、Sb)形成热卤水同生沉积微相。矿质大规模沉淀的地球化学动力学因素为：在热水沉积成矿盆地中，在单一成分热水体系的温度、压力改变而发生快速化学沉淀；不同成分、性态的热水混合后，强烈的酸—碱作用及Eh-pH剧变等，触发热水体系失稳，引起矿质大规模沉积。[SiO2]和F可能是重要的矿化剂。 相似文献
10.
金刚石绳索取心钻进效果好坏，钻头是重要因素，它直接影响钻进效率，钻孔质量和经济效益。我队一矿区，区内褶皱，断层发育，施工的钻孔常遇到不同程度的垮孔掉块现象。地层属中寒武系，敖溪组，分三层：上部中厚层～薄层透镜状灰岩夹竹叶状灰岩，厚度210～350米，可钻性4～5级；中部为炭泥质层纹状白云岩含断线状黄铁矿，厚度25～40米，可钻性5～6级；下部为中厚结晶白云岩，裂隙比较发育，有硅化现象，岩石硬、脆、碎，为含矿层，可钻性7～8级，厚度70～87米，一般终孔孔深450～520米左右，矿层底板为层状白云岩。 相似文献
11.
Harald G. Dill Friedhelm Henjes-Kunst Zsolt Berner Doris Stüben 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2009,34(4):557-576
During the Neogene, celestite deposits evolved in the Neo-Tethys basins, in what is today called the Mediterranean Sea and the Arabian Gulf. Two evaporite deposits, in Cyprus and in Qatar have been investigated from the sedimentological and mineralogical point of view with emphasis placed on Sr, S and Ca isotopes of carbonate, gypsum and celestite.During the early Miocene shallow marine environments occurred in the Gulf region and in Cyprus both of which are abundant in syndiagenetic sulphate minerals. The calcareous environments had a strong impact on the fluid migration leading to the Sr mineralization. In the Gulf region algal biostromes favored the lateral migration of fluids but had a sealing effect so that any epigenetic mineralization based on vertical fluid flow was hampered. In contrast, the Cypriot depocentre overlying the Troodos ophiolite is dominated by patch and knoll reefs (bioherms) which provide enough porosity and permeability to be favorable for the circulation of fluids with a strong vertical component. Owing to these changes in the calcareous host series, epigenetic sulphate mineralization evolved in Cyprus during the late Miocene. This occurred as the Mediterranean Sea gradually became isolated from the open ocean and, as a precursor to the “Messinian salinity crisis” evaporitic brines circulated deep into the Meso-Cenozoic platform sediments and the underlying Troodos ophiolite where these fluids leached some base metals and sulphur for the celestite mineralization. The Red Sea Rifting was at full swing during the Late Miocene and its northern propagation into the Mediterranean Sea is assumed to have had a structural control on the positioning of the Sr deposits in Cyprus. In the Gulf area, the final closure of the Neo-Tethys and Zagros folding terminated deposition of marine calcareous rocks and alluvial-fluvial siliciclastic rocks were deposited across an unconformity. Missing circulation of highly saline brines was responsible for the absence of an epigenetic Sr mineralization of Cyprus-type in the Gulf area. Assemblages of light (e.g. zeolites) and heavy minerals (e.g. rutile, zoisite, clinopyroxene) and Ca isotope analyses support basic igneous rocks as the source for the detrital and dissolved matter in the depositional environments in Cyprus and the Arabian Gulf. The Ca isotope data imply formation of the sulphate and carbonate minerals in a marine environment without significant contributions of more radiogenic 40Ca coming from old continental crust, e.g., the Kyrenia Range or Mamonia Complex, both of which containing rocks as old as Permian.Cyprus-type (bioherm-type) and Gulf-type (biostrome-type) evaporites are potential progenitors of sediment-hosted mineral deposits (SHSCD) or base metal vein-type deposits. Syndiagenetic celestite-bearing evaporites of the Gulf-type are a model source and progenitor of base metal deposits of stratigraphically-controlled fixed or mobile reductants such as Kupferschiefer-type deposits. Is the Arabian Gulf a Kupferschiefer basin in the making? The epigenetic celestite-bearing mineralization of the Cyprus-type reflects an advanced stage of fluid migration relative to the celestite deposits along the Trucial coast but this brine mobilization failed to create a base metal deposit of its own mainly due to the absence of fixed or mobile reductants. These reductants were present in the western Mediterranean regions in Tunisia and Algeria, where evaporite-associated base metal deposits are going to be mined and in the Mesozoic through Cenozoic platform sediments in central Europe, where numerous suprasalt unconformity-related metal deposits were mined in the past. 相似文献
12.
中国(天青石)锶矿床概述 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
中国 (天青石 )锶矿资源丰富 ,矿床以大型、特大型单一 (天青石 )锶矿为主 ,构成我国目前主要的工业锶源。依据成矿作用和成矿地质特征 ,将我国 (天青石 )锶矿床划分为沉积型、岩浆 热液型、沉积 热卤水改造型和表生淋积型等四大类七个亚类。主要产于印支、燕山、喜马拉雅三个旋回之中 ,不同类型矿床分别与一定的大地构造环境、沉积岩相、岩浆岩、热液及热卤水等作用有关。中国四川东南部、柴达木盆地东北部、苏南、鄂东南、云南云龙 -维西一带、陕西黄龙铺及四川攀西等 7个地区具有良好的找矿前景 相似文献
13.
The evaporitic celestite-barite deposits of Neuquen,Argentina 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Celestite-barite occurrences of early Cretaceous age were studied in the Extra-Andean region of Neuquén, West central Argentina. The ores are located in a Subandean Mesozoic belt and show a conspicuous stratabound character related to evaporitic facies. The study of the geologic evolution of the sedimentary sequence allows prediction of the temporal and spatial setting of the evaporitic facies. Stratigraphy is the main geologic control for the celestite-barite ores and their areal distribution depends on the structure of the region. Based on the geometry and texture of the mineralization three types of ores have been recognized: 1) celestite beds syngenetic with the evaporitic facies; 2) epigenetic stratabound ores formed by "in situ" mobilization of celestite with stalactite growth and cavity infilling; 3) epigenetic vein-type ores formed by mobilized barium enriched solutions.Lithofacies and isotopic 87Sr/86Sr analyses together with the geological evidence confirm an evaporitic origin for the celestite beds. 相似文献
14.
Most vein minerals deposited in fractures of the Jialingjiang Formation from Libixia section,Hechan area include a large amount of saddle dolomite and accompanying celestite,calcite and fluorite.This study analyzed the nature,source,evolution of the fluids by plane-light petrography,fluid-inclusion methods,cathodoluminescence images,and stable isotopic compositions.The homogenization temperatures of two-phase aqueous fluid inclusions in dolomite range between100 and 270℃.Combined with theδ~(18)O data,it is suggested that the fluid responsible for the precipitation of fracture fillings haveδ~(18)O values between 10‰and 18‰(relative to SMOW).The saddle dolomite and the accompanying minerals were the result of activity of dense brines at elevated temperatures.Moreover,analysis shows that the fluid was derived from a mixture of marine-derived brine and deeper circulating flow.This fluid was enriched in Sr during diagenesis and formed celestite in fracture and for regional mineralization.Dissolution of saddle dolomite was attributed to the cooling of Mg/Ca-decreased fluids,which may relate to a leaching of gypsum to celestite in surrounding carbonates. 相似文献
15.
与热液有关白云岩以晶体粗大为特征,较易形成物性良好的油气储集体。塔中地区寒武系-下奥陶统发育大量深层白云岩,以粉-细晶白云岩为主,局部可见中-粗晶白云岩。该中-粗晶白云岩流体包裹体均一温度经压力校正主要集中在173~199℃,比该层位最大埋藏温度(约160℃)高10~40℃,故认为其形成与热液活动有关。镜下观察两种类型的白云岩存在渐变过渡现象和碳氧同位素值的部分重叠,说明中-粗晶白云岩可能由粉-细晶白云岩在热液作用下重结晶而来。进一步结合其流体包裹体盐度(为正常海水盐度的3~5倍)和富87Sr、贫13C的特征认为,其成岩流体可能为岩浆热液经过下寒武统富87Sr、贫13C泥页岩质烃源岩的改造,并向上运移与中寒武统膏岩层孔隙间浓缩海水混合而形成的混合性流体。前者为其提供热量,后者可增加其盐度,遍布区内的深大断裂体系为其提供了运移通道。 相似文献
16.
四川汉源-峨边地区上震旦统灯影组藻白云岩特征及成因研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
"藻白云岩"术语的提出已有五十年历史,震旦系藻白云岩以其巨大的厚度,精美的原生结构、构造,以及丰富的微生物化石和矿产资源而闻名,但至今其成因仍存在争议。以四川汉源-峨边地区上震旦统灯影组藻白云岩为研究对象,对其宏观的剖面、岩石学、原生构造特征,微观的白云石和微生物化石形态、原生结构特征,以及相应的地球化学特征进行了详细研究。结果表明:研究区灯影组藻白云岩为一套在潮坪和潟湖环境下形成的微生物（碳酸盐）岩的岩石类型组合,以藻黏结型的叠层状、纹层状、葡萄状和均一状（藻）白云岩为主要的次级类型;藻白云岩中主要发育原生的隐晶状微生物白云石和次生的纤维状拟晶白云石,其形成与蓝细菌、硫酸盐还原细菌、中度嗜盐好氧细菌和红藻等微生物的矿化作用密切相关:沉积-同生阶段,主要由微生物诱导矿化作用形成大量纳米似立方体粒状和（亚）微米级片状微生物白云石,同时共（伴）生纤维状文石和高镁方解石;同生-准同生阶段,主要由微生物影响矿化作用形成纳米球粒状和微米级不规则状、球状和卵状微生物白云石,同时纤维状文石和高镁方解石因微生物催化矿化作用和拟晶白云石化作用形成纤维状拟晶白云石;随后微生物白云石与拟晶白云石一起组成具纹层状、叠层状、均一状等构造的藻白云岩。对藻白云岩特征及成因的研究有助于理解微生物-矿物交互作用和过程的复杂性、多样性,也为前寒武纪微生物矿化作用、微生物白云石和拟晶白云石研究提供了新的实例。 相似文献
17.
对柴达木盆地西部地区下干柴沟组湖相白云岩的岩石组构、矿物成分、主微量元素地球化学及碳氧同位素特征进行研究,并分析白云岩成因。研究区白云岩沉积环境为浅水相对封闭湖相环境,白云岩以泥晶白云岩为主,层状、块状分布,见藻云岩、膏质白云岩及颗粒云岩,有序度普遍较低。主量元素中Mg2+/Ca2+比值低,Mn、Fe、Na、Sr元素含量高,指示沉积环境水体盐度较高和相对封闭;微量元素中稀土元素具有轻稀土相对富集、Eu负异常特征,反映低温浅埋藏的成岩环境;氧同位素为较低的负值,反映整体咸化水体特征,碳同位素为较低的正值或负值,主要是受到大气水影响和生物的影响。研究认为白云石形成于准同生期相对封闭咸化环境中,白云石化流体中Mg2+主要来源于大气水的淋滤和深部卤水,少数来自于藻类的分解;Mg2+通过蒸发、盐类矿物沉淀而富集,富Mg2+流体通过回流渗透交代方解石发生白云石化。 相似文献
18.
东矿西缘的 A-A´剖面延伸约500 m,从下盘白云岩一直到上盘板岩为连续剖面。在白云岩与板岩接触处出现一个过渡带,其矿物组成和结构不同于白云岩和其上覆的板岩,为富含稀土,铁和萤石的条带状矿石,与主东矿的条带状矿石相似,其间还有富铁的薄的夹层。A-A´剖面的白云岩与主东矿下盘的白云岩是相似的,除其含有稍高的铁之外。推测,该剖面的白云岩来自于含大量碱金属,REE和铁的碳酸岩浆,并有高含量的挥发分。在碳酸岩浆侵位和结晶分异的过程中,这些组分会富集在残余岩浆之中,最终聚集在白云岩的顶部与板岩接触处,从而形成了该剖面过渡带中富稀土、铁、铌和萤石的条带状矿石以及富铁的薄的夹层。这些矿石类型分割开了白云岩和上覆的板岩。但是,该剖面未出现主东矿强烈而广泛的钠交代现象,即未形成钠质霓长岩。但是,该剖面的板岩中则钾钡交代广泛发育,形成了富钾和钡的板岩,可定义为钾质霓长岩。通过对A-A´剖面的系统研究及与主东矿的对比表明,白云鄂博地区的稀土、铁和微量元素的高度富集,主要出现在白云鄂博碳酸岩与围岩的接触处。但是形成一定规模的矿体还是需要具备一定的条件。首先要有来自深部规模宏大可聚集大量挥发分、稀土、铁和其它微量元素的碳酸岩（白云鄂博矿即为白云岩）,白云质碳酸岩的母岩浆分异结晶的晚期阶段在其顶部与H9板岩的接触处即在H9的底部,由于H9板岩的屏蔽作用,其下聚集了更加富集萤石,稀土和铁等的残余碳酸岩熔体形成条带状矿石,并对所接触板岩继续进行广泛而强烈的钠质交代作用即钠质霓长岩化,在这一过程中仍然发育了强烈的稀土和铁的矿化,这样即形成了超大规模的白云鄂博矿。但处于白云鄂博赋矿白云岩边缘且位置较浅的碳酸岩,钠交代作用甚微,在白云岩与板岩的接触带中虽有稀土和铁的明显富集,但不能形成具一定规模的矿体。表明,稀土的强烈矿化与钠质交代作用密切相关,而一旦钾质交代作用替代了钠质交代作用,稀土矿化明显减弱。 相似文献
19.
Shear faults in Upper Cretaceous limestones of the central Negev desert adjacent to the Dead Sea Transform (DST) feature extensive ferruginous mineralization and dolomitization. This has been related to topographically driven flow of metalliferous groundwaters through an underlying clastic (Nubian Sandstone) aquifer and rise of the fluids up the fault zones. The present study combines Pb and Sr isotope measurements with detailed sampling and petrography at the eastern end of the Paran fault (Menuha Ridge) in order to identify the types of groundwater and the sources of enriched elements in this regional-scale sedimentary mineralization. Ferroan and non-ferroan dolomitization along the Paran fault caused significant enrichment of several elements (Mg, Cu, Mn, Ni, V, Zn, Pb, and U) and 87Sr/86Sr values that are significantly higher than the Upper Cretaceous limestone country rock. The non-ferroan dolomite and the ferroan dolomite sampled at three sites along the Menuha Ridge have similar 87Sr/86Sr values 0.7076-0.7089, and 0.7077-0.7086, respectively. Additionally, there is a positive correlation between Mg-content of the dolomites and their 87Sr/86Sr values. The isotopic composition of Sr and Pb of dolomite corresponds to the mineralogical type identified in the mineralized rock (non-ferroan dolomite, simple-zoned ferroan dolomite, and complex-zoned ferroan dolomite). The 207Pb/204Pb and 206Pb/204Pb ratios of Fe oxides and dolomites from the three sites plot on a straight line, where the simple-zoned ferroan dolomite values are at the non-radiogenic end of the line and the complex-zoned ferroan dolomites at the radiogenic end. Both 206Pb/204Pb and 207Pb/204Pb ratios in dolomites and to a lesser degree in Fe-oxides suggest that a mixing between two end-members controls the behavior of Pb in the mineralization products along the Paran fault. Rather than a single fluid source, the study indicates that two types of metalliferous groundwaters were involved in the dolomitization and mineralization along the Paran fault. The first, and hitherto undocumented, fluid source is the Mg-rich Dead Sea Rift brine, migrating in the sub-surface before dolomitizing the carbonate bedrock. Migration of the brines took a deep path to the site of mineralization, with temperatures reaching 75 °C. Based on the geological history of the region, this probably took place in the Late Miocene-Early Pliocene interval. The second type of groundwater acquired its high solute concentrations from leaching igneous rocks and clastic sediments in the sub-surface, and infiltrated along the Paran fault, precipitating Fe-rich minerals and caused the first stage of dolomitization. This groundwater flowed at shallower depth than the DSR brines, and at lower temperatures (T ? 50 °C). The study shows that sedimentary mineralization in faults adjacent to active transform fault zones may arise from the combination of several different fluid flow regimes. 相似文献
20.
通过对塔里木盆地中、北部地区寒武系—奥陶系碳酸盐岩的研究,发现鞍形白云石胶结物发育比较普遍,常见于孔洞或裂缝之中,乳白色,晶体粗大,晶面弯曲或呈阶梯状,镜下波状消光,晶体内部常见微裂缝,常与热液矿物共生。本文对28个鞍形白云石样品进行了碳、氧、锶同位素测试,结果显示鞍形白云石的δ~(13)C和δ~(18)O值分别介于-2.446‰～0.686‰和-9.101‰～-5.117‰之间,~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值介于0.708 6～0.710 2之间;流体包裹体测温分析表明,鞍形白云石中气—液两相包裹体的均一温度(T_h)介于121～159.5℃之间,但集中分布在135～145℃之间;根据最后冰融点温度(T_m)求得的白云岩化流体盐度介于21.3%～23.1%之间。这些数据表明,该类型白云石形成于热卤水(盐度是海水的5～8倍)之中。塔里木盆地鞍形白云石与世界范围内其它盆地的鞍形白云石的碳、氧同位素特征基本相似,但其~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值相对偏低。导致这一现象的原因可能是鞍形白云石形成于来自深部的岩浆热液流体之中,这些流体伴随岩浆侵位或通过切穿基底的深大断裂及其与之相连的次级断裂系统从深部直接进入碳酸盐岩地层中,未经过碎屑岩输导层的长时间运移,所以导致其中形成的鞍形白云石~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr值偏低。 相似文献