共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 796 毫秒
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本文探讨了粒子群优化(PSO)算法在叠前地震角道集子波反演中的应用.在基本最优PSO算法的基础上,提出了对粒子更新速度进行平滑滤波的改进最优粒子群算法.由于代表子波的粒子的维数较大,如果粒子的各维元素相互独立,将导致粒子速度更新紊乱,影响搜索速度.通过对粒子速度进行三点均值滤波,加强了单个粒子各维元素的相互联系,并防止了粒子速度逃逸,使粒子更快地向有利于最优解的位置收敛.该方法应用于叠前角道集子波的反演中,取得了较好的子波反演效果,证明了本文方法的有效性. 相似文献
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获取准确的近地表横波速度对复杂地表条件下弹性波地震数据处理和成像非常重要.在浅层面波工程勘探中通过反演提取的频散曲线可以获得近地表横波速度结构.在多道面波频散曲线分析中,频散关系拾取的精度直接影响速度反演结果的可靠性.本文在多道面波叠加及自动拾取频散曲线基础上,提出了基于面波频散曲线聚类分析的近地表横波速度反演方法.该方法充分考虑了低信噪比条件下面波频散曲线的不确定性,通过在频散曲线拾取中引入曼哈顿距离K-Means聚类算法提高频散曲线拾取的准确性.采用多道多窗口叠加技术提高了面波反演对横向速度变化的适应性,通过聚类算法和多窗口叠加提高反演的可靠性,聚类算法获得较准确的频散曲线更利于后续横波速度反演过程.模拟数据算例对比表明本文提出的方法比常规算法效果更好,精度更高.将提出的方法应用于工程勘探和油气勘探的面波数据反演中,结果也验证了该方法的有效性. 相似文献
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从梯度构建中反传算子的角度出发,本文分析了影响梯度精度的因素, 并提出了一种新的基于复频率衰减反传算子的全波形反演梯度构建法, 以压制梯度构建过程中产生的弧状噪音;针对全波形反演的巨大存储量和精度问题,本文采用限内存的BFGS(L-BFGS)算法进行迭代反演．对平层模型、逆掩断层模型以及凹陷模型的测试结果表明,与常规梯度算法相比,基于复频率衰减反传算子算法所构建梯度的精度得到明显改善．用复杂断块模型进行全波形反演测试,并将其与常规算法得到的反演速度精度进行对比,结果验证了该方法的正确性及其对提高梯度精度的有效性． 相似文献
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利用水平与竖向谱比（HVSR）方法反演场地速度结构是国际上迅速发展的研究领域.HVSR反演计算实质是一个土层场地模型空间搜索的全局优化问题,当模型搜索空间的复杂程度增大时,目前常用的搜索算法收敛速度慢,计算效率较低.本文实现了一种结合遗传和模拟退火方法优点的混合全局优化HVSR反演算法,通过理论模型和竖向台阵实测数据的检验,表明该算法能获得很好的反演效果,较好地解决了蒙特卡罗方法收敛速度慢,遗传算法收敛早熟和模拟退火算法搜索效率低的问题.本文在此基础上讨论了单台加速度S波记录用于场地速度结构HVSR反演的适用性,为基于单个地震台的地震观测记录反演浅层速度结构提供了一种高效且较为准确的反演方法. 相似文献
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在利用地震波数据进行地球物理反演时,地层对地震波的吸收衰减效应会对地层物性参数的准确反演产生较大的影响,因此利用黏弹性声波方程进行反演更符合实际情形.本文在考虑地层衰减效应进行频率空间域正演模拟的基础上,提出基于黏弹性声波方程的频率域逆散射反演算法并对地震波传播速度进行反演重建,在反演过程中分别用地震波传播复速度和实速度来表征是否考虑地层吸收衰减效应.基于反演参数总变差的正则化处理使反演更加稳定,在反演中将低频反演速度模型作为高频反演的背景模型进行逐频反演,由于单频反演过程中背景模型保持不变,故该方法不需要在每次迭代中重新构造正演算子,具有较高的反演效率;此外本文在反演过程中采用了基于MPI的并行计算策略,进一步提高了反演计算的效率.在二维算例中分别对是否考虑地层吸收衰减效应进行了地震波速度反演,反演结果表明考虑衰减效应可以得到与真实模型更加接近的速度分布结果,相反则无法得到正确的地震波速度重建结果.本文算法对复杂地质模型中浅层可以反演得到分辨率较高的速度模型,为其他地震数据处理提供比较准确的速度信息,在地层深部由于地震波能量衰减导致反演分辨率不太理想. 相似文献
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利用差异演化（Differential Evolution）非线性全局优化算法,设计了一种反演地壳速度模型和进行地震定位的方法,并给出了反演结果的具体分析.利用有限差分算法计算速度模型的走时场,可以节省大量的计算量,加快计算过程.反演得到的地壳速度模型和地震的震源参数可以直接用于地震层析成像研究,还可以利用地震层析成像得到的三维速度结构对地震重新定位,从而得到较为精确的震源参数.地壳速度模型的反演方法也可以用于三维速度结构的反演. 相似文献
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在地震数据的AVO(Amplitude Versus Offset)反演以及储层预测分析等中都需要横波速度信息,然而目前多数地区横波速度测井资料十分匮乏,在AVO反演中,往往凭经验公式获得,其精度很低.为了获得准确的横波速度信息,我们利用测井资料由最小二乘法实现横波速度的反演,针对华北油区赛83井实际测井数据,利用纵波速度、密度测井数据反演计算了该区的横波速度,并与实测横波速度作了对比,结果发现反演与实测结果取得了较好的一致性;还将该方法反演的横波速度与几种不同反演方法反演结果作了对比,获得较为一致的结果,算例证明了该方法的有效性.在测井资料缺少的情况下,该方法作为AVO反演横波速度的初始速度建模及储层预测分析应该是一种较为实用的方法. 相似文献
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将遗传算法和单纯形算法相结合,得到了一种高效、健全的2D混合地震走时反演方法.把速度场划分为不同的空间尺度,定义网格节点上的速度作为待反演参数,采用双三次样条函数模型参数化,正问题采用有限差分走时计算方法,反问题采用多尺度混合反演方法.首先在较大的空间尺度内反演,然后减小空间尺度,将大尺度的反演结果作为次一级尺度反问题的初始模型,再进行混合反演,如此类推逐次逼近全局最优解.一个低速度异常体的数值模拟试验和抗走时扰动试验表明该方法是有效和健全的.我们将该方法应用到青藏高原东北缘阿尼玛卿缝合带东段上部地壳速度结构研究中,并与前人的成果进行了对比. 相似文献
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ZHANG Xuemei YANG Zhigao SHI Haixi DU Guangbao YANG Wen WEI Xing HAN Yanyan LI Fei HUANG Zhibin LIU Jie 《中国地震研究》2019,33(3):391-402
The velocity distribution of layers from surface wave dispersion curve is a severely nonlinear program. Base on the Metropolis rule,we improved the simulated annealing algorithm to simultaneously inverse the velocities and thicknesses using the dispersion data and identified the Moho and the bottom of lithosphere. The application to the numerical examples with 5% noise shows the velocity RMS is 1. 56% between the non-linear results and the original models when the condition of selecting method for temperature parameters and initial temperature are satisfied. Using the pure dispersions of Rayleigh wave,the nonlinear inversion has been carried out for S-wave velocities and thicknesses of the vertical profile crossing the Indian Plate,the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and the Tarim Basin. It indicated that the crustal thickness is about 70 km in the Qiangtang block,while in the hinterland of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau the lithosphere is relatively thin(～ 130 km)from the velocity values and their offsets. 相似文献
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J.W. SATTLEGGER J. ROHDE H. EGBERS G.P. DOHR P.K. STILLER J.A. ECHTERHOFF 《Geophysical Prospecting》1981,29(2):229-240
Two dimensional inverse modeling, a process to be applied after standard processing and interpretation, uses interfaces picked by the user. These interfaces are transformed into an approximate subsurface model. The subsurface model is represented by curved interfaces and interval velocities. The interfaces have to be unique functions of the line coordinate. Otherwise they may be arbitrarily curved and may begin or terminate anywhere along the section, e.g., at faults, pinchouts, salt domes and the like. Interval velocities may vary laterally along the section. The inverse modeling algorithm then modifies the model until traveltimes calculated from this model match the traveltimes observed as closely as possible in a least squares sense. The traveltimes corresponding to the model are obtained through ray tracing taking exact account of refraction. The traveltimes observed are the arrival times of single impulses before stacking contributing to the interfaces. These traveltimes are provided by ANAKON, a continuous interface analysis system. The comparison of INMOD results with those of well measurements and those of classical interval velocity computation from seismic data shows the accuracy of the method. Deviations of INMOD derived interface depths are within 2% of well data. 相似文献
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While tomographic inversion has been successfully applied to laboratory- and field-scale tests, here we address the new issue of scale that arises when extending the method to a basin. Specifically, we apply the hydraulic tomography (HT) concept to jointly interpret four multiwell aquifer tests in a synthetic basin to illustrate the superiority of this approach to a more traditional Theis analysis of the same tests. Transmissivity and storativity are estimated for each element of a regional numerical model using the geostatistically based sequential successive linear estimator (SSLE) inverse solution method. We find that HT inversion is an effective strategy for incorporating data from potentially disparate aquifer tests into a basin-wide aquifer property estimate. The robustness of the SSLE algorithm is investigated by considering the effects of noisy observations, changing the variance of the true aquifer parameters, and supplying incorrect initial and boundary conditions to the inverse model. Ground water flow velocities and total confined storage are used as metrics to compare true and estimated parameter fields; they quantify the effectiveness of HT and SSLE compared to a Theis solution methodology. We discuss alternative software that can be used for implementing tomography inversion. 相似文献
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在利用实际地震资料反演地球内部结构时,群速度往往比相速度更有意义.本文在水平层状均匀介质模型中,用快速广义反射透射系数方法（Pei,2008）计算了基阶瑞雷面波的群速度,并推导了Chen(1993) 4×4 层矩阵E的逆的解析表达式.文中用数值实验的方法合成了两个典型模型的群速度频散曲线,并与复合矩阵方法计算的结果进行了对比,结果表明本文的方法是切实可行的,与广义反射透射系数方法相比明显地提高了计算效率,尤其是在高频、层厚度大和层数多的情况下表现得更为突出. 相似文献
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SRMA（与表面相关多次波的衰减）算法包含预测和相减两步.相减算法中,当多次波与反射波同相轴相交时,如何有效减去多次波、保留反射波,是面临的主要问题.通过分析非正交性对滤波器（逆子波）的影响,可以证明：逆子波因非正交性产生的误差呈近似的高斯分布.在此基础上,本文提出了在逆子波域（单道自适应相减滤波的滤波算子的集合）,利用其误差的概率分布特征,对逆子波进行估计,用逆子波的估计对逆子波进行校正来消除多次波的方法.其步骤为：首先用SRMA方法预测出表面多次波,并对每一单炮进行单道自适应相减,得到逆子波,形成逆子波域;其次,在逆子波域采用中值滤波,提取接近真实逆子波的逆子波估计;第三,在逆子波域用逆子波估计对畸变的逆子波进行校正;最后采用校正后的逆子波来衰减多次波.通过简单模型和SMARRT模型的测试,该方法不仅能够有效减去多次波,而且在相交的区域,能够保持反射波同相轴的连续性并恢复其正确的振幅. 相似文献
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The pioneering work of E. T. Jaynes in the field of Bayesian/Maximum Entropy methods has been successfully explored in a number of disciplines. The principle of maximum entropy (PME) is remarkably powerful and versatile and leads to results which are devoid of spurious structure. Minimum relative entropy (MRE) is a method which has all the important attributes of the maximum-entropy (ME) approach with the advantage that prior information may be easily included. These ‘soft’ prior constraints play a fundamental role in the solution of underdetermined problems. The MRE approach, like ME, has achieved considerable success in the field of spectral analysis where the spectrum is estimated from incomplete autocorrelations. In this paper we apply the MRE philosophy to 1D inverse problems where the model is not necessarily positive, and thus we show that MRE is a general method of tackling linear, underdetermined, inverse problems. We illustrate our discussion with examples which deal with the famous die problem introduced by Jaynes, the question of aliasing, determination of interval velocities from stacking velocities and, finally, the universal problem of band-limited extrapolation. It is found that the MRE solution for the interval velocities, when a uniform prior velocity is assumed, is exactly the Dix formulation which is generally used in the seismic industry. 相似文献
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汪梦甫 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2007,6(1):57-64
The precise integration method proposed for linear time-invariant homogeneous dynamic systems can provide accurate numerical results that approach an exact solution at integration points. However, difficulties arise when the algorithm is used for non-homogeneous dynamic systems due to the inverse matrix calculation required. In this paper, the structural dynamic equalibrium equations are converted into a special form, the inverse matrix calculation is replaced by the Crout decomposition method to solve the dynamic equilibrium equations, and the precise integration method without the inverse matrix calculation is obtained. The new algorithm enhances the present precise integration method by improving both the computational accuracy and efficiency. Two numerical examples are given to demonstrate the validity and efficiency of the proposed algorithm. 相似文献
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地震波在地下传播时受到衰减影响,衰减会导致地震波场高频能量的损失和相位畸变.反Q滤波可补偿大地衰减效应.已有的反Q滤波方法存在下列不足:频率域的算法由于算子长度较长,所以计算效率较低;时间域的算法,或者对地震记录上到时较晚的同相轴进行了过度的补偿,或者为防止过度补偿后来的振幅而在最大增益处进行限制,导致振幅的多解性,而且还会影响滤波器的相位效应.本文给出一种通过直接求解时间域的Q模型方程来进行反Q滤波的算法.由于采用带状矩阵解算器,所以具有较高的计算效率,理论数据和实际地震资料的试算结果证明,本方法对地震波的吸收衰减进行了出色的补偿,提高了地震资料的分辨率. 相似文献