共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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利用在鄂尔多斯块体内部布设的45个宽频带流动台站和固定台站的资料,用双平面波方法反演了20~143 s共12个周期的基阶瑞利面波的平均相速度和方位各向异性,并反演了一维S波速度结构.反演结果显示50~100 s中长周期的瑞利面波相速度高于AK135速度模型的相速度,为高速异常,S波速度显示高速异常主要位于180 km深度范围内,表明鄂尔多斯块体保留有厚的高速岩石圈.20~111 s周期的方位各向异性强度小于1%,较小的各向异性表明鄂尔多斯块体岩石圈变形较弱.20~50 s周期的平均快波方向为近EW向,67~143 s周期的平均快波方向为NW-SE向,相对发生了整体改变,快波方向的转变约开始于80~100 km深度范围,这表明岩石圈上下部存在着由不同变形机制导致的各向异性.上部岩石圈中各向异性可能主要为残留的“化石”各向异性,而下部岩石圈各向异性可能是现今板块构造运动导致的变形而形成.鄂尔多斯块体岩石圈垂向上的变形差异可能主要与岩石圈温度随深度的变化以及青藏高原NE-NNE向挤压引起的上部岩石圈逆时针旋转有关. 相似文献
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本文用长周期763地震仪面波群速度资料反演了中国南北带及邻区的三维速度结构.其中采集238条瑞利波和358条勒夫波混合频散曲线,使用均等显示滤波方法,并以4°×4°为一格将我国境内分为147格.用随机逆反演方法得到了研究区16格的纯路径频散.面波速度结构及演结果表明:1.莫霍界面深度一般在40-50km之间,最深达65km.总趋势是从东到西加深,且在南北带西侧南北两端向中部明显加深,东侧变化小.2.地幔顶部普遍出现很厚的低速层,上界面一般埋深60-80km.上地幔顶盖厚度一般为20-60km,速度为4.30-4.50km/s.3.研究区普遍存在各向异性,而且勒夫波和瑞利波速度的差值(VSV-VSH)的绝对值随深度有增大的特点,在南北带南部和西北部VSV-VSH各向异性现象更为明显. 相似文献
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Shear velocity structure of crust and uppermost mantle in China from surface wave tomography using ambient noise and earthquake data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We present a 3D model of shear velocity of crust and upper mantle in China and surrounding regions from surface wave tomography.We combine dispersion measurements from ambient noise correlation and traditional earthquake data.The stations include the China National Seismic Network,global networks,and all the available PASSCAL stations in the region over the years.The combined data sets provide excellent data coverage of the region for surface wave measurements from 8 to 120 s,which are used to invert for 3D shear wave velocity structure of the crust and upper mantle down to about150 km.We also derive new models of the study region for crustal thickness and averaged S velocities for upper,mid,and lower crust and the uppermost mantle.The models provide a fundamental data set for understanding continental dynamics and evolution.The tomography results reveal significant features of crust and upper mantle structure,including major basins,Moho depth variation,mantle velocity contrast between eastern and western North China Craton,widespread low-velocity zone in midcrust in much of the Tibetan Plateau,and clear velocity contrasts of the mantle lithosphere between north and southern Tibet with significant E–W variations.The low velocity structure in the upper mantle under north and eastern TP correlates with surface geological boundaries.A patch of high velocity anomaly is found under the eastern part of the TP,which may indicate intact mantle lithosphere.Mantle lithosphere shows striking systematic change from the western to eastern North China Craton.The Tanlu Fault appears to be a major lithosphere boundary. 相似文献
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本文用单台多重滤波方法测定了经过青藏高原地区瑞利波群速度频散曲线。所得基阶瑞利波的观测周期为5.0-56.0秒,速度标准偏差为0.08-0.15公里/秒,一阶瑞利波的观测周期范围为10-16秒,速度标准偏差为0.05-0.13公里/秒。利用广义线性反演方法对频散曲线进行反演,可得出一个由五层构成的地震横波速度地壳模型。在27-40公里之间存在低速层,其横波速度为3.29公里/秒,比上一层低0.21公里/秒。 相似文献
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本文研究采用单台法和双台法提取了穿越上扬子的基阶面波相速度和群速度频散;通过对提取的面波群速度和相速度频散进行联合反演,得到的1-D SV速度模型显示上扬子块体下地壳S波速度与典型克拉通区域相当,其上地幔顶部80~170 km深处存在高速的岩石圈盖层,较AK135模型要快2%~3%,其岩石圈厚度约为180 km.在上扬子地区,径向各向异性集中分布在300 km以浅的岩石圈与软流圈部分,其中岩石圈部分SH波比SV波波速要快2%~4%,软流圈部分SH波比SV波波速要快3%~5%;Rayleigh波相速度方位各向异性分析结果显示,上扬子块体周期为25~45 s（大致相当于30~70 km深度范围内）的Rayleigh波相速度存在1.8%~2.7%不等的方位各向异性,其快波方向介于147°~174°.我们认为上扬子块体径向各向异性集中分布在岩石圈、软流圈部分,且各向异性随深度变化, 其岩石圈部分各向异性为大陆克拉通化的遗迹,软流圈部分各向异性与现今板块运动相关. 相似文献
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The phase velocities of Rayleigh waves and the lateral variation of lithospheric structure in Tibetan Plateau 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
According to a Sino-U. S. joint project, eleven broadband digital PASSCAL seismometers had been deployed inside the Tibetan
Plateau, of which 7 stations were on the profile from Lhasa to Golmud and other 4 stations situated at Maxin, Yushu, Xigatze
and Linzhi. Dispersions and phase velocities of the Rayleigh surface waves (10s–120s) were obtained on five paths distributed
in the different blocks of Tibetan Plateau. Inversions of the S-wave velocity structures in Songpan-Ganzi block, Qiang-Tang
block, Lhasa block and the faulted rift zone were obtained from the dispersion data. The results show that significant lateral
variation of the S-wave velocity structures among the different blocks exists. The path from Wenquan to Xigatze (abbreviated
as Wndo-Xiga) passes through the rift-zone of Yadong-Anduo. The phase velocities of Rayleigh waves from 10s to 100s on this
path are significantly higher than that on other paths. The calculated mean crustal velocity on this path is 3.8 km/s, much
greater than that on other paths, where mean crustal velocities of 3.4–3.5 km/s are usually observed. Low velocity zones with
different thicknesses and velocities are observed in the middle-lower crust for different paths. Songpan-Ganzi block, located
in the northern part of Tibetan Plateau is characterized by a thinner crust of 65 km thick and a prominent low velocity zone
in the upper mantle. The low velocity zone with a velocity of 4.2 km/s is located at a depth form 115 km to 175 km. While
in other blocks, no low velocity zone in the upper mantle is observed. The value of Sn in Songpan-Ganzi is calculated to be
4.5 km/s, while those in Qiang-Tang and Lhasa blocks are about 4.6 km/s.
The Chinese version of this paper appeared in the Chinese edition ofActa Seismologica Sinica,14, Supp., 566–573, 1992. 相似文献
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本文利用地震面波频散资料进行反演, 得到了中国各地区地壳结构的层状模型。中国地壳可以划分为青藏、蒙古、华北、华南和塔里木等五个大陆块体, 其频散曲线和地壳层状结构是彼此不同的.一般可以用沉积层、花岗岩层和玄武岩层来代表, 后四个区在上地幔和玄武岩层中的波速值比较接近.青藏和华北地区在地壳中的平均波速值较低, 地壳结构的纵横向变化显著, 康腊面不是稳定而明显的速度间断面, 某些部位上存在着低速层, 这两个地区的地震活动之所以十分强烈, 与上述地壳深部构造有直接关系.其余三个地区的地壳显示了类似稳定地台的某些特征.中国沿海地区的地壳可以大致以长江口为界分成南北两部分, 分属于华北和华南地壳.中国地壳厚度在东部为32——40公里, 青藏高原60——70公里.沉积层在塔里木盆地最厚, 达11公里, 其他地区一般为3——8公里. 相似文献
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Love and Rayleigh Wave Tomography of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau and Surrounding Areas 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Surface wave data were initially collected from events of magnitude Ms ≥ 5.0 and shallow or moderate focal depth occurred between 1980 and 2002: 713 of them generated Rayleigh waves and 660 Love waves, which were recorded by 13 broadband digital stations in Eurasia and India. Up to 1,525 source-station Rayleigh waveforms and 1,464 Love wave trains have been processed by frequency-time analysis to obtain group velocities. After inverting the path-averaged group times by means of a damped least-squares approach, we have retrieved location-dependent group velocities on a 2° × 2°-sized grid and constructed Rayleigh- and Love-wave group velocity maps at periods 10.4–105.0 s. Resolution and covariance matrices and the rms group velocity misfit have been computed in order to check the quality of the results. Afterwards, depth-dependent SV- and SH-wave velocity models of the crust and upper mantle are obtained by inversion of local Rayleigh- and Love-wave group velocities using a differential damped least-squares method. The results provide: (a) Rayleigh- and Love-wave group velocities at various periods; (b) SV- and SH-wave differential velocity maps at different depths; (c) sharp images of the subducted lithosphere by velocity cross sections along prefixed profiles; (d) regionalized dispersion curves and velocity-depth models related to the main geological formations. The lithospheric root presents a depth that can be substantiated at ~140 km (Qiangtang Block) and exceptionally at ~180 km in some places (Lhasa Block), and which exhibits laterally varying fast velocity very close to that of some shields that even reaches ~4.8 km/s under the northern Lhasa Block and the Qiangtang Block. Slow-velocity anomalies of 7–10% or more beneath southern Tibet and the eastern edge of the Plateau support the idea of a mechanically weak middle-to-lower crust and the existence of crustal flow in Tibet. 相似文献
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本文利用天然地震面波记录和层析成像方法,研究了南北地震带及邻近区域的岩石圈S波速度结构和各向异性特征.结果表明南北地震带的东边界不但是地壳厚度剧变带,也是地壳速度的显著分界.其西侧中下地壳的S波速度显著低于东侧,强震大多发生在低速区内部和边界.青藏高原东缘中下地壳速度显著低于正常大陆地壳,在松潘甘孜地块和川滇地块西部大约25～45 km深度存在壳内低速层;这些低速特征与高原主体的低速区相连,有利于下地壳物质的侧向流动.地壳的各向异性图像与下地壳流动模式相符,即下地壳物质绕喜马拉雅东构造结运动,东向的运动遇到扬子坚硬地壳阻挡而变为向南和向北东的运动.面波层析成像结果支持青藏高原地壳运动的下地壳流动模型.南北地震带的岩石圈厚度与其东侧的扬子和鄂尔多斯地块相似但速度较低.川滇西部地块上地幔顶部(莫霍面至88 km左右)异常低速;松潘甘孜地块上地幔盖层中有低速夹层(约90～130 km深度).岩石圈上地幔的速度分布图像与地壳显著不同,在高原主体与川滇之间存在北北东向高速带,可能会阻挡地幔物质的东向运动.上地幔各向异性较弱且与地壳的分布图像显然不同.因此青藏高原岩石圈地幔的构造运动具有与地壳不同的模式,软弱的下地壳提供了壳幔运动解耦的条件. 相似文献
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The lithosphere beneath the central-eastern Mediterranean area has been investigated by the inversion of the regional dispersion relations derived from analysis of surface waves. It is possible to distinguish several types of crust with average S-wave velocities in the range 3.0–3.8 km/sec, and thicknesses varying from a minimum of about 30 km, which corresponds to the Apennines, Crete and Otranto Channel regions, to a maximum of about 51 km beneath the Ionian Sea, which can be considered as a submerged continent. Associated with these crustal features, large lateral variations have been detected in the lithosphere thickness, which varies from a minimum of about 30 km corresponding to the Tyrrhenian Sea and south of Crete to a maximum of about 130 km corresponding to south-eastern Alps and north-central Greece, while the sub-Moho S-wave velocity varies in the range 4.2–4.8 km/sec. The constraint furnished by our results to the geological-tectonic setting of the investigated area, characterized by the continent continent collision between Africa and Europe, is pointed out.Publication No. 405, P. F. Geodinamica, CNR, Roma, Italy. 相似文献
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吕苗苗 《CT理论与应用研究》2019,28(2):175-186
青藏高原因其复杂的结构和演化历史，一直都是研究大陆碰撞、构造运动及其动力学的热点区域。本文采用三重震相波形拟合技术，基于中国地震观测台网和大型流动台阵记录到的某地震P波垂向记录，获得了包括拉萨、南羌塘和松潘甘孜地块在内的青藏高原上地幔P波速度结构。结果表明:①拉萨和南羌塘地块下方地幔过渡带存在高速异常，推测是俯冲的印度板片滞留体，过渡带底部的板片残余温度较低，使得660-km相变滞后约3～8km。而松潘甘孜地块下方过渡带同样存在高速异常，可能是欧亚岩石圈发生拆沉进入地幔过渡带所致。这说明印度板块俯冲作用的影响已经到达地幔过渡带，其俯冲前缘位于班公怒江缝合带附近。②从拉萨、南羌塘到松潘甘孜地块，200km之上的地幔岩石圈高速盖层速度由南向北逐渐减小，松潘甘孜地块则出现盖层缺失。推测受小规模地幔对流或者热不稳定性的影响，在南羌塘和松潘甘孜地块，增厚的欧亚岩石圈发生拆沉作用，岩石圈被减薄和弱化，造成羌塘地块上地幔低速和松潘甘孜地块上地幔高速盖层缺失。拆沉的冷的欧亚岩石圈可能部分停留在410-km上方，使得410-km抬升约10km，部分沉入地幔过渡带，表现为松潘甘孜地块地幔过渡带中存在高速异常。低温造成660-km下沉约8km，导致地幔过渡带增厚。 相似文献
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用适配滤波频时分析技术处理了锡龙（SHIO）、清迈（CHTO）、昆明（KMI）和拉萨LSA）台记录的长周期数字化面波记录,获取了穿过缅甸弧及周边地区的530条路径的Rayleigh波频散,这些频散的周期范围为10.45～105.03 s.在此基础上,以分格频散反演方法从混合路径频散中提取了1°×1°网格内的纯路径频散,并且由网格内的纯路径频散反演出深达200 km的S波速度结构,最后重建了缅甸弧及周边地区的S波速度三维结构.所得结果表明：大致以实皆断裂为分界,其东部地壳波速较低,其西部地壳波速较高.印度-缅甸地区岩石圈厚度为110～130 km,上地幔顶部S波速度为43～4.4 km/s;而缅甸弧东侧的滇缅泰地块下方为一低速地幔柱上涌区,其宽度为150～200 km左右,这里的岩石圈厚度为70～80 km,上地幔顶部S波速度为41～4.2 km/s.另外,S波速度结构还反映出这一构造格局呈南北向的空间展布,并且与该区地震震源分布、断裂走向、火山分布有很好的对应关系. 相似文献
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本文利用30个基准台所记录的238条长周期面波资料,经过适配滤波和分格频散反演,得到中国大陆及邻区147个分格10-105s的纯路径频散,进而反演出青藏高原及邻近地区深至170km的剪切波三维速度结构.研究表明,青藏高原中西部地区和东部地区的地壳平均厚度分别为70±7km和65±7km,地壳平均剪切波速度分别为3.55和3.62km/s,上地幔顶盖平均速度分别为4.63和4.61km/s; 岩石层厚度均为120±10km;东部地区下地壳内30-40km深度处普遍存在低速层;青藏高原及其东侧的上地幔低速层内有横贯东西且明显向上隆起的低速腔.滇西缅北地区的地壳厚45±5km,上地壳及下地壳内都有低速层;上地幔顶盖的速度为4.42km/s,比青藏高原本体及恒河平原都低.恒河平原地壳厚34±2km,速度平均为3.45km/s;上地幔顶盖厚86±10km,速度平均为4.63km/s,顶盖内55-83km深处有一个低速夹层. 相似文献
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A direct measurement of apparent velocities for oceanic paths was made with an array of sensitive ocean bottom seismographs. The measurement was performed by recording waves from shallow earthquakes which occurred in the area close to trench axes and which were accurately located by the land seismological network in Japan. The range of epicentral distances is from 500 to 1,800 km.The observed P travel times are less than those in the Jeffreys-Bullen tables by 6–10 s for the range of distances.Since the dimension of the OBS array is about 400 km, the apparent velocities are determined quite precisely and show little dependence on the epicentral distances. The average value of the apparent velocities for the range 500–1,700 km is 8.64 ± 0.13 km/s.An offset of travel times, which is thought to be associated with a low-velocity layer underneath the oceanic lithosphere, has been observed.These results indicate that a high-velocity layer with a velocity of 8.6 km/s exists in the lower part of the oceanic lithosphere. Beneath the 8.6-km/s layer there is a thin low-velocity layer under which the velocity of the P wave is again 8.6 km/s. 相似文献
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Long period Rayleigh wave and Love wave dispersion data, particularly for oceanic areas, have not been simultaneously satisfied by an isotropic structure. In this paper available phase and group velocity data are inverted by a procedure which includes the effects of transverse anisotropy, anelastic dispersion, sphericity, and gravity. We assume that the surface wave data represents an azimuthal average of actual velocities. Thus, we can treat the mantle as transversely isotropic. The resulting models for average Earth, average ocean, and oceanic regions divided according to the age of the ocean floor, are quite different from previous results which ignore the above effects. The models show a low-velocity zone with age dependent anisotropy and velocities higher than derived in previous surface wave studies. The correspondence between the anisotropy variation with age and a physical model based on flow aligned olivine is suggestive. For most of the Earth SH > SV in the vicinity of the low-velocity zone. Neat the East Pacific Rise, however, SV > SH at depth, consistent with ascending flow. Anisotropy is as important as temperature in causing radial and lateral variations in velocity. The models have a high velocity nearly isotropic layer at the top of the mantle that thickens with age. This layer defines the LID, or seismic lithosphere. In the Pacific, the LID thickens with age to a maximum thickness of ～50 km. This thickness is comparable to the thickness of the elastic lithosphere. The LID thickness is thinner than derived using isotropic or pseudo-isotropic procedures. A new model for average Earth is obtained which includes a thin LID. This model extends the fit of a PREM, type model to shorter period surface waves. 相似文献
18.
本文利用"中国地震科学台阵"探测项目在南北地震带北段布设的678个流动地震台站在2013年10月至2015年4月期间记录到的远震波形数据,经过波形互相关拾取到473个远震事件共130309条P波走时残差数据,通过远震层析成像研究获得了该区(30°N-44°N,96°E-110°E)下方0.5°×0.5°的P波速度扰动图像.结果显示,研究区下方P波速度结构显示强烈的不均一性和显著的分区、分块特征.岩石圈速度结构具有显著的东西差异:祁连、西秦岭和松潘甘孜地块组成的青藏东北缘地区显示明显的低速异常,而属于克拉通性质的鄂尔多斯地块和四川盆地则显示高速异常,表明东部克拉通块体对青藏高原物质的东向挤出起到了强烈的阻挡作用.阿拉善地块显示出弱高速和局部弱低速的异常并存的特征.阿拉善地块西部显示低速异常,而东部与鄂尔多斯相邻的地区显示高速异常,可能表明该地区的岩石圈的变形主要受到青藏高原东北缘的挤压作用.在鄂尔多斯和四川盆地之间的秦岭下方100~250 km深度上表现为明显的低速异常,表明该处可能存在软流圈物质的运移通道.鄂尔多斯北部的河套裂陷盆地下方在100~500 km深度内低速异常表现明显,说明该区有深部热物质上涌且至少来源于地幔过渡带.青藏东北缘上地幔显示低速异常且地幔过渡带中出现明显的高速异常,这种结构模式暗示了在青藏高原东北缘可能发生了岩石圈拆沉作用,而高速异常体可能是拆沉的岩石圈地幔. 相似文献
19.
Shear wave velocity structure of the NW Indian ocean is analysed by using fundamental mode Rayleigh wave dispersion data of 67 events occurred during 1990–98 at the central Indian Ridge and Carlsberg Ridge and recorded at Hyderabad Geoscope station (HYB). These events provide a dense coverage of the NW Indian ocean and Chagos-Laccadive Ridge (CLR) in the back-azimuthal range of 192–253° with respect to HYB. The dispersion curves, corrected for continental and young ocean paths, indicate large variations in the shear wave velocity structure of the region. The group velocities along the CLR path support a typical aseismic ridge-type structure. However, the central region bounded between the Central Indian Ridge and India in the back-azimuth of 206–234° indicates a decrease in the group velocity by 0.1 km/s. Inversion of these data sets indicates presence of aseismic-ridge type lithospheric structure for CLR, a thin lithosphere and high velocity block in the depth range of 125–200 km for the central region, and a continental-type lithospheric structure for the northern-most part of the Indian ocean. It is inferred that the dynamic state of the upper mantle in this region has been significantly perturbed during the recent geological past. 相似文献
20.
通过对南北地震带北段区域所布设的676个流动地震台站观测资料进行处理，联合反演面波频散与接收函数数据，获得了研究区内地壳厚度、沉积层厚度的分布情况以及地壳上地幔高分辨率S波速度结构成像结果.反演结果显示研究区地壳厚度从青藏高原东北缘向外总体逐渐变薄，秦岭造山带地壳厚度较同属青藏高原东北缘的北祁连块体明显减薄；鄂尔多斯盆地及河套盆地分布有非常厚的沉积层，阿拉善块体部分区域也有一定沉积层分布，沉积层与研究区内盆地位置较为一致；松潘—甘孜块体、北祁连造山带等青藏高原东北缘总体表现为S波低速异常；在中下地壳，松潘—甘孜块体下方的低速体比北祁连造山带下方的低速体S波速度值更小、分布深度更浅，更有可能对应于部分熔融的地壳；鄂尔多斯盆地在中下地壳以及上地幔内有着较大范围的高速异常一直延伸到120 km以下，而河套盆地地幔只在80 km以上部分有着高速异常的分布，此深度可能代表了河套盆地的岩石圈厚度，来自深部地幔的热物质上涌造成了该区域的岩石圈减薄；阿拉善块体在地壳和上地幔都表现出高低速共存的分布特征，暗示阿拉善块体西部岩石圈可能受青藏高原东北缘的挤压作用发生改造. 相似文献