共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 104 毫秒
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ICSED (Improved Cluster Shade Edge Detection) algorithm and other various methods to accurately and efficiently detect edges on satellite data are presented. Error rate criterion is used to statistically evaluate the perform-ances of these methods in detecting oceanic features for both noise free and noise contaminated AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) IR image with Kuroshio. Also, practical experiments in detecting the eddy of Kuroshio with these methods are carried out for comparison. Results show that the ICSED algorithm has more advantages than other methods in detecting mesoscale features of ocean. Finally, the effectiveness of window size of ICSED method to oceanic features detection is quantitatively discussed. 相似文献
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Water vapor motion signal extraction from FY-2E longwave infrared window images for cloud-free regions: The temporal difference technique 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The aim of this study is to calculate the low-level atmospheric motion vectors （AMVs） in clear areas with FY-2E IR2 window （11.59-12.79 μm） channel imagery,where the traditional cloud motion wind technique fails.A new tracer selection procedure,which we call the temporal difference technique,is demonstrated in this paper.This technique makes it possible to infer low-level wind by tracking features in the moisture pattern that appear as brightness temperature （TB） differences between consecutive sequences of 30-min-interval FY-2E IR2 images over cloud-free regions.The TB difference corresponding to a 10％ change in water vapor density is computed with the Moderate Resolution Atmospheric Transmission （MODTRAN4） radiative transfer model.The total contribution from each of the 10 layers is analyzed under four typical atmospheric conditions：tropical,midlatitude summer,U.S.standard,and midlatitude winter.The peak level of the water vapor weighting function for the four typical atmospheres is assigned as a specific height to the TB ＂wind＂.This technique is valid over cloudfree ocean areas.The proposed algorithm exhibits encouraging statistical results in terms of vector difference （VD）,speed bias （BIAS）,mean vector difference （MVD）,standard deviation （SD）,and root-mean-square error （RMSE）,when compared with the wind field of NCEP reanalysis data and rawinsonde observations. 相似文献
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Chaunté W. Lacewell Abdollah Homaifar Yuh-Lang Lin 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2013,119(1-2):43-58
This study is focused on developing pattern recognition and image fusion techniques to trace the origins and propagation of the pre-tropical storm (pre-TS) Debby (2006) mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) and African easterly waves (AEWs) using satellite imagery. These MCSs could be generating over mountains in North Africa and going through complicated splitting and merging processes. Therefore, an objectively analyzed MCS movement is essential. This study presents a technique which traces extracted features to find the origin of TS Debby. This technique produces a fused image with the most relevant information from water vapor and infrared satellite images, segments the cloud top height satellite images by clustering clouds, and tracks clouds to determine the origin of TS Debby (2006). The presented technique could be applied to other AEWs and MCSs which lead to tropical cyclogenesis to improve the numerical weather prediction over data sparse areas, such as over eastern and central North Africa. 相似文献
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利用一个海气耦合模式对台风Krovanh的模拟 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：4
采用中尺度大气模式MM5和区域海洋模式POM构造了中尺度海气耦合模式, 模拟了Krovanh (0312) 台风过程中台风－海洋相互作用, 分析了台风引起的海面降温影响台风强度的机制和海洋对台风响应的特征。试验结果显示: 考虑台风引起的海面降温使台风强度模拟有了较大改进, 模拟的台风中心气压和近中心最大风速均与实况较符合。POM模拟的海表面温度与TRMM/TMI观测的海表面温度也较为一致, 台风Krovanh在其路径右侧95 km处引起较大的海面降温, 最大降温幅度达5.8℃。与海表面温度降低相对应的是混合层深度的增加, 较大的海面降温对应较大的混合层加深, 表明大风夹卷在海表面温度的降低中起主要作用。分析表明, 台风引起的海面降温降低海洋向大气输送的潜热通量和感热通量, 特别是在台风内核区, 平均总热通量减少了32.1%。热通量的减少使得湿静力能及湿静力能径向梯度减小, 削弱了台风强度。 相似文献
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利用2004年外场试验获得的乌鲁木齐和五家渠C波段双多普勒雷达资料, 分析了双多普勒雷达风场反演方法和资料的可靠性, 研究了2004年8月8日发生在乌鲁木齐和五家渠的一次强对流性降水的回波和风场中尺度结构及演变过程。结果表明:这两部雷达观测的回波强度相关很好, 雷达基线上的径向速度基本一致, 资料可靠, 适合进行双多普勒雷达观测; Cressman插值的影响半径的变化对风场的中尺度结构基本没有影响, 径向速度误差引起的风场反演误差与该点所处的位置有关, 1 m/s径向速度误差也不会改变风场的中尺度结构。该过程为对流单体发展为对流带状回波的过程, 在对流单体的左侧生成新的对流单体, 逐步发展为长度约90 km范围的带状对流系统, 该系统恰与较强的东北风和较弱的西风形成的辐合相对应, 上升气流与强对流回波相对应, 不同对流单体有各自相独立的风场结构。用双多普勒雷达观测得到对流系统的内部风场有利于了解对流系统的内部动力过程, 从而探讨降水的形成和演变机理。 相似文献
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“98.7”武汉市特大暴雨的中尺度分析 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：4
使用红外云图、雷达回波、武汉市城区自动雨量站和地面中尺度观测资料，对1998年7月21－22日武汉市历史上罕见的特大暴雨进行了分析。概括了武汉市特大暴雨的时空分布，云图和雷达回波演变特征以及中尺度天气系统。为此后进行武汉市特大暴雨的预报提供有价值的参考依据。 相似文献
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该文实现了3种常见的阈值算法在闪电通道识别中的应用。针对某些闪电通道图像对比度较低的特点,首先对原始图像去除背景光照不均的影响并进行图像增强,再根据所处理的闪电通道图像的具体情况,选择全局自适应阈值法、局部自适应阈值法或基于Otsu自适应阈值的Canny算子对增强后的图像进行边缘检测,进而对闪电通道进行识别。对所提取到的闪电通道进行形态学和细化处理,最终提取到由连续的像素点序列表示的闪电通道。针对数字图像中闪电通道背景的不同特点,文中提到的3种阈值方法能够有针对性地对不同图像进行通道检测,在保证准确获得清晰边缘信息的同时,较好地兼顾了对弱边缘信息的提取,有效保证了对闪电通道的识别效果。 相似文献
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在不同的中尺度涡数据中,涡旋的识别,跟踪方法以及物理参数的定义存在差异,因此需要对涡旋结果进行相互比较和验证.本文比较了Chelton,GEM-M,Faghmous和Dong四套中尺度涡数据在黑潮延伸体区域的基本特征.结果表明,各数据的中尺度涡数量,特征和轨迹均存在差异.经过归一化处理后,涡特征的地理分布和时间变化高度相似,特别是Chelton,Fahgmous和Dong三套数据. 相似文献
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A new algorithm for the detection of fog/stratus over the ocean from the GMS-5 infrared (IR) channel data is presented. The new algorithm uses a clear-sky radiance composite map (CSCM) to compare the hourly observations of the IR radiance. The feasibility of the simple comparison is justified by the theoretical simulations of the fog effect on the measured radiance using a radiative transfer model. The simulation results show that the presence of fog can be detected provided the visibility is worse than 1 km and the background clear-sky radiances are accurate enough with known uncertainties. For the current study, an accurate CSCM is constructed using a modified spatial and temporal coherence method, which takes advantage of the high temporal resolution of the GMS-5 observations. The new algorithm is applied for the period of 10-12 May 1999, when heavy sea fog formed near the southwest coast of the Korean Peninsula. Comparisons of the fog/stratus index, defined as the difference between the measured and clear-sky brightness temperature, from the new algorithm to the results from other methods, such as the dual channel difference of NOAA/AVHRR and the earth albedo method, show a good agreement. The fog/stratus index also compares favorably with the ground observations of visibility and relative humidity. The general characteristics of the fog/stratus index and visibility are relatively well matched, although the relationship among the absolute values, the fog/stratus index, visibility, and relative humidity, varies with time. This variation is thought to be due to the variation of the atmospheric conditions and the characteristics of fog/stratus, which affect the derived fog/stratus index. 相似文献
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云图的自动分类是实现地基云自动化观测的技术保障。该文探讨了一种先将云图分为积状云、层状云和卷云3大类的分类方案,通过对3大云类和晴空这4种天空类型的纹理特征、颜色特征和形状特征进行分析,选取了21个特征参量,并采用K最近邻分类器 (K-Nearest Neighbor,KNN), 在不同的K取值情况下对这几类天空类型进行了分类识别。结果表明:新的分类方案是可行的,且当纹理特征、颜色特征和形状特征结合使用时获取了比单独利用纹理特征、颜色特征和形状特征以及它们两两组合时更好的识别效果。当K=7且使用21个特征参量时,KNN算法对积状云、层状云、卷云和晴空的识别最好, 识别正确率分别为91.1%,74.4%,70.0%和100.0%,平均正确率为83.9%。 相似文献
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本文提出了一种利用方向性特征进行显著性建模的MRI脑图像肿瘤自动检测算法.该模型首先将MRI脑图像进行预处理,去除掉图像中头骨区域的干扰;然后使用基于方向特征的显著性检测增加病变区域的对比度,实现更准确地提取肿瘤图像区域.本文算法在脑图像数据集上进行了大量的实验,并且与主流的肿瘤自动检测方法进行了对比,证明了本文算法的有效性,并为医生提供可靠的辅助诊断和临床参考. 相似文献
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The Kuroshio Extension region is characterized by energetic oceanic mesoscale and frontal variability that alters the air–sea fluxes that can influence large-scale climate variability in the North Pacific. We investigate this mesoscale air-sea coupling using a regional eddy-resolving coupled ocean–atmosphere (OA) model that downscales the observed large-scale climate variability from 2001 to 2007. The model simulates many aspects of the observed seasonal cycle of OA coupling strength for both momentum and turbulent heat fluxes. We introduce a new modeling approach to study the scale-dependence of two well-known mechanisms for the surface wind response to mesoscale sea surface temperatures (SSTs), namely, the ‘vertical mixing mechanism’ (VMM) and the ‘pressure adjustment mechanism’ (PAM). We compare the fully coupled model to the same model with an online, 2-D spatial smoother applied to remove the mesoscale SST field felt by the atmosphere. Both VMM and PAM are found to be active during the strong wintertime peak seen in the coupling strength in both the model and observations. For VMM, large-scale SST gradients surprisingly generate coupling between downwind SST gradient and wind stress divergence that is often stronger than the coupling on the mesoscale, indicating their joint importance in OA interaction in this region. In contrast, VMM coupling between crosswind SST gradient and wind stress curl occurs only on the mesoscale, and not over large-scale SST gradients, indicating the essential role of the ocean mesocale. For PAM, the model results indicate that coupling between the Laplacian of sea level pressure and surface wind convergence occurs for both mesoscale and large-scale processes, but inclusion of the mesoscale roughly doubles the coupling strength. Coupling between latent heat flux and SST is found to be significant throughout the entire seasonal cycle in both fully coupled mode and large-scale coupled mode, with peak coupling during winter months. The atmospheric response to the oceanic mesoscale SST is also studied by comparing the fully coupled run to an uncoupled atmospheric model forced with smoothed SST prescribed from the coupled run. Precipitation anomalies are found to be forced by surface wind convergence patterns that are driven by mesoscale SST gradients, indicating the importance of the ocean forcing the atmosphere at this scale. 相似文献
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该文实现了一种极轨气象卫星的自动地标导航方法。地标导航能够纠正由于姿态而引起的定位误差。首先根据当前轨道遥感卫星图像中海洋、陆地、河流等地物特征能量的概率分布情况,利用全球模板,建立地标库,然后通过最大相关系数方法计算地标偏移量,从而获得姿态偏差,之后利用计算得到的姿态偏差对遥感卫星图像重新导航,获得地理定位结果。利用FY-1D扫描辐射计的遥感数据对方法进行检验,结果表明:该文所提出的自动地标导航方法可以有效纠正由姿态而引起的定位误差,达到像素级的定位精度。该方法能够突破传统地标导航方法需要丰富的遥感卫星历史资料的限制,拓展传统地标导航方法的适应范围。该方法已在我国2008年5月发射的新一代极轨气象卫星FY-3号上得到应用,并将在下一代静止轨道气象卫星FY-4号上进一步开发。 相似文献
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利用GPS和云图资料监测北京地区中小尺度降水的研究 总被引：17，自引：8，他引：9
地基GPS遥感大气总水汽量提供了高时间分辨率的水汽资料,为分析预报中小尺度系统的变化创造了条件。本文利用北京GPS／VAPOR试验反演了北京2000年6～8月的大气总水汽量(又称大气可降水量或积分水汽),分析了北京夏季大气总水汽量的分布特征;结合气象和云图资料,对7月3～5日的一次暴雨过程进行了分析,结果表明：GPS大气总水汽量和云的发展及维持是强降水产生的条件,降水量的大小与大气可降水量的增加幅度、维持时间和水平有关,面上的大气可降水量的变化和红外云图资料显示的中小尺度系统的变化是一致的。面上大气可降水量的移动与测站降水关系密切,当测站大气可降水量迅速增加,并且面上分布的大气可降水量也同样向测站扩展时,台站的降水也迅速增加。GPS大气可降水量可作为台站短期降水预报的一个指标。 相似文献
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A three-dimensional model of the mesoscale surface boundary layer of the open ocean is developed through scale analysis of the primitive equations with mixing included. A set of surface boundary-layer equations appropriate for a broad range of oceanic and atmospheric scales is thereby derived. The essential basis of the model is a coupling between quasigeostrophic dynamics away from the boundary layer and arbitrary mixing models within the mixed layer. The coupling consists of advection of the boundary layer by the horizontal and vertical components of the interior quasigeostrophic flow and forcing of the interior by the boundary layer in the form of divergence within the boundary layer which leads to vortex stretching/compression in the interior. The divergence is generalized for mesoscale wind-driven flows and includes nonlinear interaction between the directly wind-driven boundary-layer flow and the interior flow in the form of interior relative vorticity advection by the wind-driven flow. The nature of the equations leads us to apply a numerical algorithm to their solution. This algorithm is calibrated through application to idealized problems to determine the temporal and spatial grid requirements. The model is initialized with a realistic ocean flow having the properties of the Gulf Stream. 相似文献
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