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YU Zhiyao 《中国科学院上海天文台年刊》2003,(1)
研究了至今为止已发现的 2 0个河外H2 O超脉泽源的观测参数。多数河外H2 O超脉泽源的光度在几十至几百个L⊙ 之内 ,但TXFS2 2 2 6 - 184源的河外H2 O超脉泽源光度达 6 10 0L⊙ ,它属于射电星系类型 ,主要是由于其谱线轮廓较宽所造成的一种例外情况。所有 2 0个河外H2 O超脉泽源的系统速度约为几百到几千km·s- 1,16个河外H2 O超脉泽源的峰值流量密度小于 1Jy ,但有 4个河外H2 O超脉泽源的峰值流量密度大于 6Jy(6 .2～ 16Jy)。通过对这些河外H2 O超脉泽源的观测参数特征的分析和研究 ,得到这些观测参数之间的相关关系为 :河外H2 O超脉泽源的峰值流量密度的对数分别与系统速度的对数和距离的对数之间存在着反相关关系。而河外H2 O超脉泽源的光度的对数与距离平方和峰值流量密度乘积的对数之间存在着正相关关系 相似文献
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“钱德拉”拍摄的第谷超新星遗迹。在遗迹的左下部有一个X射线发射弧(蓝色)。一些证据表明,这个弧形结构可能源于一颗白矮星爆炸后,将伴星表面的物质吹离时所产生的激波。 相似文献
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一般认为超新星遗迹是银河系内高能宇宙线粒子的主要源,粒子(轻子和强子)在超新星遗迹中通过扩散激波加速机制被加速到极相对论性能量.近年来,越来越多的观测特别是X射线和γ射线波段的观测支持了这一观点.阐述了超新星遗迹多波段非热辐射的含时模型的研究情况,并将模型应用于4颗超新星遗迹G347.3-0.5,G266.2-1.2,G8.7-0.1和G23.3-0.3,结果显示模型可以很好地解释这4颗SNRs的多波段观测. 相似文献
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本文提出用切仑科夫射电谱线发射机制解释分子云的非热发射谱线。相对论电子在某种粒子数反转布居的分子云中穿行时,可以产生具有反常强度比的微波发射谱线。对与超新星遗迹成协的Ⅱ_(?)类OH源的非热平衡发射谱线所作的计算表明,这种非热辐射机制可能成为解决天体脉塞理论困难的一种有希望的途径。 相似文献
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本文根据超新星遗迹的射电演化的理论和X射线辐射理论,导出了直接由射电观测的流量密度和X射线光度表示的超新星爆发能量,并应用这一结果估计大、小麦哲仑云中超新星的爆发能量。计算表明,大、小麦哲仑云中的绝大部分超新星,其爆发能量在10~(49)ergs—10~(51)ergs之间,而Ⅰ型超新星爆发的能量系统地比Ⅱ型要小,在10~(49)ergs的量级。本文还讨论了统计的N-D关系和理论导出的N-D关系之间不一致的最可能原因是由于样品的不完备性,并指出在大、小麦哲仑云中,绝大部分的线径大的源仍然处于绝热膨胀相。 相似文献
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迄今已经在104个河外星系中检测到水脉泽辐射.同其它没有检测到水脉泽的星系相比,水脉泽星系可能隐含着某种或某些特殊性质.收集了到当前为止(截止2008.09)发表的所有水脉泽星系以及相关的观测资料.计算得到了这些源的星系盘的倾角,并分析讨论了这些水脉泽源星系盘和脉泽盘的倾角可能存在的相关.统计发现只有大约10%的盘脉泽源的星系盘侧面对着我们的视线.然而VLBI对6个盘脉泽源高空间分辨率的成图观测显示那些旋转脉泽盘都是近似侧向的,脉泽盘的倾角都大于80°.对大多数水盘脉泽星系而言,他们的星系盘和脉泽盘方向不一致,这可能间接支持盘脉泽仅仅同星系核相关.为了探讨遮蔽物质的由来和水脉泽辐射的放大机制,对整个水脉泽样本的脉泽光度,X射线吸收气体柱密度和寄主星系倾角的可能相关进行了分析.结果显示高密度的遮蔽物质主要来自于星系核区,而水脉泽辐射的放大更可能发生在围绕核的尘埃盘(～100Pc)或更小尺度的核盘上. 相似文献
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天文中醇脉泽源可分为两类．第一类脉泽源在6．7GHz及12．2GHz上有强的吸收特征，而第二类脉泽源则在6.7GHz和12.2GHz上有强的脉泽发射．注意到甲醇的第二类源总是6．7GHz和12．2GHz脉泽同时存在，并与超致密HII区成协，本文对此提出一种新的激发机制，即无粒子数反转的甲醇6．7GHz脉泽激发机制．本文论证了这一机制与天文条件相符，与其它机制工不排斥，互相补充，是一种有前途的模型． 相似文献
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大质量恒星形成区内分布着很多类型的脉泽,包括OH,H_2O,CH_3OH和SiO等。利用甚长基线干涉测量(very long baseline interferometry,VLBI)技术多历元观测脉泽,可以在10～100 AU的线尺度上反映年轻星附近的气体运动学特征。在各类脉泽中,H_2O脉泽是亮度最强的脉泽之一,因此是研究大质量恒星形成区外流的极佳示踪天体。H_2O脉泽在不同大质量恒星形成区内主要显示有准直喷流和宽张角外流等运动特征。选取了具有代表性的大质量恒星形成区,如Orion-KL,Cepheus A,W75N(B),G24.78+0.08 A1和AFGL 5142,介绍了H_2O脉泽在这些形成区所反映的气体运动学特征,及其与大质量恒星演化之间的关系。 相似文献
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许多观测表明,与Mira变星成协的SiO脉泽源具有与OH脉泽源不同的频谱特征,后者大多有明显的窄的双峰,用辐射压驱动的膨胀壳层模型可以解释它们,但SiO脉泽频谱却表现为较大的径向速度弥散,以及变化多样的频谱形态.本文根据扰动在可压缩流体中传播的原理,提出了恒星脉动对恒星大气速度结构影响的一种模型.计算表明,这一分析模型能较满意地解释与典型Mira变星成协的SiO脉泽频谱的平均速度范围,对SiO脉泽速度宽度与恒星光学位相的关系,本文也进行了分析,与观测现象基本符合. 相似文献
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Radio surveys of supernova remnants (SNRs) in the Galaxy have discovered 19 SNRs which are accompanied by the OH maser emission at 1720 MHz. This unusual maser is thought to be produced behind a shock front when a SNR expands into a molecular cloud. An important ingredient of this model is that the X-ray emission from the remnant enhances the production of OH molecules. In this sense, to study the characteristics of the mixed-morphology SNRs accompanied by the OH maser emission at 1720 MHz is important. By studying the X-ray characteristics of the mixed-morphology SNRs accompanied by the 1720 MHz OH maser emission, it is found that the ionization rate of X-ray is not correlated with the physical parameters , D, r, r2 and so on, but is correlated with the X-ray luminosity Lx. Meanwhile, Lx is closely correlated with the beam flux density of the weakest feature of the accompanying 1720 MHz OH maser emission. These mean that the X-ray emission from SNRs is sufficient to dissociate the water molecules behind a shock front and to produce the 1720 MHz OH masers. 相似文献
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The early-stage structure and evolution of a supernova remnant (SNR) depends largely on its ambient interstellar medium, so the interstellar medium becomes the valid probe for investigating the evolution of SNRs. We have observed the 12CO (J = 1 − 0) line emission around the remnant of SN 1572 with the 13.7m millimeter-wave telescope at the Qinghai Station of PMO, in order to investigate the distribution of the CO molecular gas around SN 1572 and provide some observational basis for studying the relationship of SN 1572 with its ambient molecular gas and the evolution of this SNR. The observed result indicates that the molecular gas in the velocity range of VLSR = −69∼ −58 km/s is associated with SN 1572, and this velocity component comes from a large-scale molecular cloud. The molecular gas is distributed along the periphery of the radio shell, continually but not uniformly, and forms a semi-closed molecular shell around the SNR. The enhanced emission exists in its whole eastern half, especially the CO emission is strongest on the northeastern edge. At the emission peak position, the spectral line exhibits a broadened velocity feature (>5 km/s). Combining with available observations in the optical, infrared, X-ray and other wavebands, it is demonstrated that the fast shock wave and ejecta are expanding into the molecular gas on the northeastern edge, and interacting with the dense gas. This interaction will have an important influence on the future evolution of SN 1572. 相似文献
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Ji Yang Jie-Long Zhang Zhi-Yong Cai Deng-Rong Lu You-Heng Tan Purple Mountain Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Nanjing Key Laboratory of Particle Astrophysics Institute of High-Energy Physics Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2006,6(2):210-216
The distribution of dense molecular gas around the supernova remnant G40.5-0.5 has been investigated by radio spectroscopic observations in the CO (J = 1-0) transition. The molecular gas is found to extend over the entire region of G40.5-0.5. A molecular shell, with a diameter of - 26', coincides with the ionized gas as revealed by the cm-radio observations. This coincidence, along with the velocity discontinuity following the shell, provides direct evidence for interaction between the ionized gas and the dense molecular gas. No clear evidence for cosmic-ray acceleration can be identified from this SNR as previously suggested, due to positional uncertainty in relating the SNR shell defined by CO to the EGRET gamma-ray sources, GRO J1904 06, from the gamma-ray observations. 相似文献
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The simulation or solution of the supernova remnant evolution may be scaled from one interstellar environment to another. We systematically examine this scalability, the use of which is so far still very limited in astrophysical literature. We show how the scalability is affected by various constraints imposed by physical processes and initial conditions, and demonstrate the use of the scaling as a powerful tool to explore the interdependence among relevant parameters, based on a minimum set of simulations. In particular, we devise a scaling scheme that can be used to adaptively generate numerous seed remnants and plant them into 3D hydrodynamic simulations of the supernova-dominated interstellar medium. 相似文献
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Beate Woermann Michael J. Gaylard Robina Otrupcek 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2000,317(2):421-428
The 1667-MHz ground-state hydroxyl (OH) line has been observed towards positions on Puppis A as well as in the immediate vicinity of this supernova remnant (SNR). The spectra at two positions on Puppis A show absorption lines at velocities less than +7.6 km s1 , and emission lines above this velocity. Analysis of all four 18 cm OH lines indicates that Puppis A must lie between the OH clouds seen in absorption and emission, giving it a v lsr of +7.6 km s1 . This implies that the kinematic distance to Puppis A is The OH clouds in front of Puppis A are slightly anomalously excited, as shown by analysis of the four 18 cm OH lines at the two observed positions on Puppis A. There is no evidence of any interaction of the SNR with the clouds in front of and behind it. 相似文献
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在此介绍我们基于ＡＳＣＡ 和ＲＯＳＡＴ 等Ｘ 射线天文卫星,对３Ｃ３９７ 、Ｇ３２７ ．１１ ．１ 、Ｇ２１ ．５０ ．９ 和ＲＸＪ１７１３ ．７３９４６ 等超新星遗迹的物理特性进行的分析,简要地讨论了３Ｃ３９７ 的非平衡电离双热分量和双极泡结构以及Ｇ３２７ ．１１ ．１ 和Ｇ２１ ．５０ ．９ 中隐匿脉冲星的性质,并提出ＲＸＪ１７１３ ．７３９４６ 和ＡＤ３９３ 客星之间可能的关系。 相似文献
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The integrated optical spectrum of the Crab nebula and evidence for its fading synchrotron continuum
Nathan Smith † 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2003,346(3):885-889
A flux-calibrated optical spectrum integrated over the entire Crab nebula was obtained by making drift scans with a long-slit spectrograph. Compared to observations obtained over the past 40 years, these new data confirm an earlier controversial result that the [O iii ] λλ4959, 5007 equivalent width is increasing with time, although the rate of ∼0.9 per cent yr−1 is somewhat slower than that measured previously. Additionally, the Hβ equivalent width is increasing at a comparable rate, but the measured fluxes of both Hβ and [O iii ] have changed less than their respective equivalent widths. The different rates of change in the measured fluxes and equivalent widths of these lines suggest that the optical synchrotron continuum from the Crab nebula is indeed fading rapidly. The apparent decline is consistent with a rate around −0.5 (±0.2) per cent yr−1 at wavelengths near 5000 Å inferred independently from measurements of the optical continuum flux during the same time period. 相似文献
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We present high spatial resolution X-ray spectroscopy of the supernova remnant Cassiopeia A with the Chandra observations. The X-ray emitting region of this remnant was divided into 38 × 34 pixels of 10″× 10″ each. Spectra of 960 pixels were created and fitted with an absorbed two component non-equilibrium ionization model. From the results of the spectral analysis we obtained maps of absorbing column density, temperatures, ionization ages, and the abundances of Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ca and Fe. The Si, S and possibly Ca abundance maps show obvious jet structures, while Fe does not follow the jet but seems to be distributed perpendicular to it. The abundances of Si, S and Ca show tight correlations between one another over a range of about two dex. This suggests that they are ejecta from explosive Oburning and incomplete Si-buming. Meanwhile, the Ne abundance is well correlated with that of Mg, indicating them to be the ashes of explosive C/Ne burning. The Fe abundance is positively correlated with that of Si when the latter is lower than 3 times the solar value, and is negatively correlated when higher. We suggest that such a two phase correlation is due to the different ways in which Fe was synthesized. 相似文献