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1.
阿尔泰山活动断裂 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
文中介绍了位于亚洲腹地阿尔泰山地区的活动断裂。中国阿尔泰山 (阿尔泰山西南麓 )和蒙古阿尔泰山 (阿尔泰山的东麓 )以NNW向大型走滑断裂为主 ,科布多断裂是阿尔泰山东麓的一条主要NNW向走滑断裂 ,长度近 70 0km。第四纪中晚期右旋走滑速率可达 6 10mm/a ,其上发现有长逾2 0 0km的古地震形变带。富蕴断裂则是阿尔泰山西南麓的一条主要NNW向断裂 ,中晚第四纪的走滑运动速率为 (4± 2 )mm/a ,在中国阿尔泰山的西端还发育规模相对较小的NNW向右旋走滑断裂 ,中晚第四纪走滑速率为 (2± 1)mm/a。中国阿尔泰山 (阿尔泰山的西南麓 )还发育NWW向右旋走滑逆断裂 ,其规模相对较小 ,至中国阿尔泰山西端NWW向的额尔齐斯断裂具有明显的右旋走滑性质。蒙古阿尔泰山的南端则发育近东西向的左旋走滑逆断裂。在与戈壁阿尔泰山交汇部位 ,左旋走滑运动具主导作用。戈壁阿尔泰山发育的戈壁阿尔泰断裂带断续延伸可达 10 0 0km以上 ,目前的研究认为 ,其滑动速率为 12mm/a。其中的博格德断裂上 195 7年发生了戈壁阿尔泰 8.3级地震 ,形变带长约 2 5 0km。阿尔泰山活动断裂的规模、运动强度和强地震活动表明这里不仅受到遥远的印度板块北向推挤作用的影响 ,而且受到较近的地球动力学过程的影响或控制。 相似文献
2.
Inna Safonova 《地学前缘(英文版)》2014,5(4):537-552
The paper reviews previous and recently obtained geological, stratigraphic and geochronological data on the Russian-Kazakh Altai orogen, which is located in the western Central Asian Orogenic Belt （CAOB）, between the Kazakhstan and Siberian continental blocks. The Russian-Kazakh Altai is a typical Pacific-type orogen, which represents a collage of oceanic, accretionary, fore-arc, island-arc and continental margin terranes of different ages separated by strike-slip faults and thrusts. Evidence for this comes from key indicative rock associations, such as boninite- and turbidite （graywacke）-bearing volcanogenic-sedimentary units, accreted pelagic chert, oceanic islands and plateaus, MORB-OIB-protolith blueschists. The three major tectonic domains of the Russian-Kazakh Altai are： （1） Altai-Mongolian terrane （AMT）; （2） subduction-accretionary （Rudny Altai, Gorny Altai） and collisional （Kalba-Narym） terranes; （3） Kurai, Charysh-Terekta, North-East, Irtysh and Char suture-shear zones （SSZ）. The evolution of this orogen proceeded in five major stages： （i） late Neoproterozoic-early Paleozoic subduction-accretion in the Paleo-Asian Ocean; （ii） Ordovician-Silurian passive margin; （iii） Devonian-Carboniferous active margin and collision of AMT with the Siberian conti- nent; （iv） late Paleozoic closure of the PAO and coeval collisional magmatism; （v） Mesozoic post-collisional deformation and anarogenic magmatism, which created the modern structural collage of the Russian- Kazakh Altai orogen. The major still unsolved problem of Altai geology is origin of the Altai-Mongolian terrane （continental versus active margin）, age of Altai basement, proportion of juvenile and recycled crust and origin of the middle Paleozoic units of the Gorny Altai and Rudny Altai terranes. 相似文献
3.
WANG Tao TONG Ying HONG Da-wei JAHN Bor-ming Kovaeh Victor P. HAN Bao-fu WANG Yan-bin 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2008,27(Z1)
The Central Asia Orogenic Belt is the world's largest Phanerozoic accretionary orogen. The Altai orogen was key to understand the orogeny. Voluminous intrusions occur in the Chinese Altai orogen. 相似文献
4.
新疆西北部阿尔泰地区发育一套片岩、片麻岩,从境内铁列克以东的塔乌乃萨孜一带向东南延伸到蒙古阿尔泰山南坡,统称冲乎尔-青河构造建造带。该带以特殊的构造位置和复杂的变形变质特征,成为研究阿尔泰造山带发展、演化的重要热点之一。通过对新疆西北部阿尔泰地区变质岩(前寒武纪地层)的物质组成、变形变质方面的资料收集和分析研究,区域地层对比等,按构造-岩石(地层)单位进行了划分。认为该套地层经受过中深层次的区域动力热流变质作用,变质达角闪岩相,是阿尔泰地区前寒武系基底的组成部分,其中的古元古代克木齐岩群和中元古代苏普特岩群变形具有多期次和多层次的特征,不同构造层次的变形均保留了丰富的构造变形形迹。 相似文献
5.
The results of comprehensive geological and metallogenic studies of the Greater Altai are presented. This project has been carried out since 1997 under the guidance of Academician G.N. Shcherba. The importance of these investigations is determined by the need to enhance and further develop mineral resources of nonferrous, noble, rare, and other metals for operating mining and metallurgical enterprises of Kazakhstan. The great body of information on the geology, geophysics, and metallogeny of the region obtained over many years has been integrated on the basis of new global tectonics. The Greater Altai embraces the Hercynides of the Rudny Altai, Qalba-Narym, West Qalba, Zharma-Saur, and the adjacent territories of Russia and China. The present-day tectonic units are considered to be detached blocks of ancient continental massifs that drifted in the Paleoasian ocean and then amalgamated into the structure of the Greater Altai during the Hercynian collision. The tectonic and metallogenic demarcation of the studied territory made possible the recognition of the Rudny Altai, Qalba-Narym, West Qalba, and Zharma-Saur ore belts, different in geology, geodynamic evolution, and metallogeny. The formation conditions and localization of volcanic-hosted massive sulfide, gold, and rare-metal deposits pertaining to certain ore-bearing geochronological levels were specified, and the potential of the region for various mineral resources was estimated. 相似文献
6.
阿尔泰造山带和阿尔泰山构造成矿域的形成 总被引：14，自引：2，他引：14
阿尔泰造山带的形成过程经过了造山启动期、造山暂歇拉张期、主造山期和造山期后拉张期等4个发展阶段.基于构造-流体-成矿作用的一致性,重点剖析了阿尔泰山前铜-多金属、南缘金矿和山区稀有金属的成矿作用,提出了阿尔泰山构造成矿域形成的模式,发现它们与阿尔泰造山带的形成密切相关,阿尔泰造山带的形成过程就是阿尔泰山构造成矿域的形成过程. 相似文献
7.
8.
I.V. Gaskov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(8):1010-1021
The Rudny Altai and Gorny Altai regions had different geologic histories and differ in metallogenic patterns. The Vendian-Early Cambrian to Permian-Triassic multistage evolution of Gorny Altai included subduction, accretion-collision, and rifting events accompanied by magmatism and related mineralization. Metallogeny evolved in discrete pulses, with especially abundant Late Paleozoic-earliest Mesozoic mineralization. The Devonian-Carboniferous pulse produced diverse mineral deposits (iron, mercury, gold, silver, molybdenum, tungsten, cobalt, polymetallic ores, and rare earths), some of considerable economic value. The territory of Gorny Altai includes several large ore districts that belong to different zones. They are the Beloretsk-Kholzun iron district in the west, the Kayancha-Sinyukha fluorine-gold district in the northeast, the Kurai gold-mercury and Yustyd rare-metal-silver districts in the southeast, and the Kalguty rare-metal-tungsten and Ulandryk U-REE-Cu districts in the south. The largest mineral deposits are Kholzun (Fe, P2O5), Karakul (Co, Bi), Sinyukha (Au), Aktash and Chagan-Uzun (Hg), Ozernoe and Pogranichnoe (Ag), Kalguty (Mo, W), Alakha (Li, Ta), Rudnyi Log (Y,Fe-specularite), and Urzarsai (W-scheelite). Mineralization in Rudny Altai is mainly pyritic: copper-pyrite, pyrite-polymelallic ore, and barite-polymelallic ore. It resides in suprasubduction basalts and rhyolites and in Emsian to Frasnian island-arc volcanics at different stratigraphic levels of Devonian volcanosedimentary sequences in six ore districts. The Kurchum high-grade metamorphic block hosts copper-pyrite and gold-quartz mineralization related to Hercynian volcanism. 相似文献
9.
10.
N.V. Sennikov O.T. Obut T.Yu. Tolmacheva E.V. Lykova R.A. Khabibulina 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2018,59(1):72-87
Comprehensive lithofacies and biofacies analysis provided constraints on the origin of Upper Ordovician clastic and carbonate deposits in northeastern Gorny Altai, which form large low-elevated flat carbonate banks located relatively close to the shore. The sediments were deposited during the Sandbian and early-middle Katian stages, according to new conodont data. Upper Ordovician sections in northeastern Gorny Altai store record of two global regressions: the early Sandbian (Vollen Lowstand) and early Katian (Frognerkilen Lowstand) events. 相似文献
11.
通过分析总结在中国阿尔泰山区域已取得的树轮气候学和树轮水文学研究成果,选取了5条气温重建序列,3条降水重建序列和2条径流量重建序列,对各序列在全频域、低频域和高频域的相关系数、序列的阶段变化、极值年份、周期等特征展开了讨论和对比,并对阿尔泰山气候的年代际变化进行了分析。结果表明：（1）目前在阿尔泰山开展的气温重建中,重建时段均在树木生长季内,5条气温重建序列显示在1690年代-1700年代、1730年代、1780年代-1790年代为偏冷时期,1710年代-1720年代、1800年代-1830年代、1940年代-1960年代及1990年代以来为偏暖时期。有3条序列指示1830年为暖年,1698年、1784年、1911年、1985-1986年为冷年。（2）3条降水重建序列显示,1830年代-1860年代经历了一段降水量相对平稳的时期,1870年代-1900年代为持续时间最长的干旱时期,1900年为干旱年。（3）2条径流量重建序列显示,1730年代和1810年代-1820年代为丰水期,1750年代和1870年代-1890年代为枯水期,降水量对哈巴河径流量有较大影响。（4）年代际气候变化分析显示,阿尔泰山在1830年代-1990年代以暖干为主,1990年代以后进入了暖湿时期。 相似文献
12.
阿尔泰地区中、新生代岩浆活动的同位素年龄证据 总被引：25，自引：1，他引：25
长期以来，对阿尔泰地区有无印支、燕山期岩浆活动一直存在争议。本研究得到以下年龄结果：将军山花岗岩（＾４０Ａｒ／＾３９Ａｒ坪年龄）２２０Ｍａ、康布铁堡花岗岩（＾４０Ａｒ／＾３９Ａｒ高温视年龄）２１４Ｍａ、尚可兰花岗岩（Ｒｂ－Ｓｒ全岩等时线年龄）１７６Ｍａ、阿拉尔花岗岩（＾４０Ａｒ／＾３９Ａｒ坪年龄）１３１Ｍａ。以上数据和与本区处在同一构造单元的前苏联矿区阿尔泰及山区阿尔泰１２个浅色花岗岩锆石Ｕ－Ｐｂ 相似文献
13.
阿尔泰是中亚成矿域重要的内生金属矿产集中区,该矿集区晚古生代发育有 5类内生摘金属要矿床：1）块状硫化物Cu-Pb-Zn矿床,2）斑岩型Cu-Au矿床,3）岩浆 Cu-Ni硫化物矿床,4）矽卡岩型Cu-Mo-Fe矿床,5）造山型金矿床和伟晶岩型稀有金属矿床。在构造上,这些矿床的形成与阿尔泰造山带俯冲—增生作用密切相关。阿尔泰晚古生代矿床的形成可以划分为3个主要阶段：Ⅰ）早-中泥盆世,沿阿尔泰南缘古生代活动大陆边缘弧后伸展,导致在阿尔泰西部琼库尔—塔拉特地质体中形成的多金属火山成因块状硫化物矿床,以及阿尔泰东段铁—铜矽卡岩矿床;Ⅱ）石炭纪—二叠纪的地体增生和弧岩浆作用,在布尔津—二台和额尔齐斯地体中形成了广泛分布的斑岩型矿床、岩浆铜镍硫化物矿床,在额尔齐斯地体中形成的铜铁矽卡岩矿床;Ⅲ）早二叠世的持续增生导致阿尔泰南部的杜拉特岛弧形成,并伴随有矽卡岩铜钼矿床和造山型金矿的形成;晚二叠世阿尔泰地区进入造山带演化阶段,并发生区域动力热流变质作用和片麻岩穹隆,伴随有花岗岩化和重熔岩浆活动和大量伟晶岩矿床的形成。晚古生代阿尔泰南缘的俯冲—增生构造演化过程,导致了不同类型内生金属矿床的形成,构成了我国重要的内生金属矿集区和矿山后备基地。 相似文献
14.
XIAO Wenjiao SONG Dongfang HAN Chunming WAN Bo ZHANG Jien AO Songjian ZHANG Zhiyong 《《地质学报》英文版》2019,93(5):1163-1168
The Altai-Junggar-Tianshan collage in southern Altaids is an important metallogenic domain in Central Asia that contain world-class copper-iron-nickel deposits. As an accretionary-type metallogenic system, the metallogenic processes of the Altai-Junggar-Tianshan collage is essential in understanding the genetic mechanism of ore deposits in general. Here in this paper we present a brief introduction to the project on the western part of the Southern Altaids, entitled “The deep structure and metallegenic processes of the North China accretionary metallogenic systems”.This project mainly focuses on the deep structure and metallogenic background of the Altai-Junggar-Tianshan collage by integrated studies from field geology, structural mapping, geochemistry and geophysical exploration. Multiple new geological and geophysical methods will be applied to make transparency of the Kalatongke and Kalatage ore clusters. This will update our understanding of the geodynamic processes of metallogenesis and lead to the development and foundation of new metallogenic theories in accretionary orogens. 相似文献
15.
中、新生代天山隆升过程及其与准噶尔、阿尔泰山比较研究 总被引：49，自引：4，他引：45
根据穿越天山地质剖面观察、系统裂变径迹(FT)测年年龄与热演化模拟结果分析,并综合前人研究结果,天山陆内造山带中、新生代主要经历2次明显的隆升事件,分别为晚侏罗世—早白垩世和中新世以来(25~0Ma)。从天山地区磷灰石FT年龄结果来看,主要记录了早期隆升年龄,但热演化模拟结果显示普遍经历了中新世以来的快速隆升。在天山北缘从盆山边缘的近25Ma开始隆升到前缘带的现今活动,表明天山陆内造山带在隆升的同时还逐渐“增生”扩展。系统研究和分析表明,东西准噶尔和阿尔泰地区则主要记录了晚中生代以来的持续隆升过程,新生代构造活动不明显或强度相对天山要弱。上述事实表明,天山及其中亚地区新生代的陆内活动是受喜马拉雅碰撞与青藏高原隆升的影响,具有向北渐弱的特征。 相似文献
16.
A.V. Babichev I.S. Novikov O.P. Polyansky S.N. Korobeynikov 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2009,50(2):104-114
The Altai lithospheric structure has been generally understood due to available high-resolution digital models. As a further step in modeling, we have simulated the structure of southeastern Altai as interaction of eight blocks which comprise or surround the Chuya and Kurai basins, proceeding from the basic configuration of blocks and earthquake mechanisms. Should the stresses in the system remain invariable, the western periphery of the Kurai basin will deform to let the Uimen-Sumulta fault join the Chuya (western end of Tolbonur) fault and evolve further as a single shear zone. The best fit model was one with slip along a single border fault in the middle of the area between two rheologically different terranes. This setting corresponds to a fault boundary between the more plastic Gorny Altai and more rigid Teletskoe-Chulyshman domains, which is consistent with current crustal movements from GPS data. In addition to scientific significance, models of this kind have practical applications as they highlight areas of stress buildup prone to release in large earthquakes. The new approach was applied to simulate the stress and strain patterns of central and southeastern Gorny Altai, and the models were tested against available geomorphological and seismotectonic data. 相似文献
17.
《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2015,56(8):1097-1113
The composition and mechanisms of formation of continental crust in Gorny Altai and the role of granitoid magmatism in its evolution are considered. Geochemical and isotope data for major types of rocks of primary crust and for Early–Middle Paleozoic granitoids of the region are presented. The role of granitoids as indicators of the different stages of the continental-crust evolution is discussed. A review of the main models of continental crust formation is maid, and their applicability to the Gorny Altai segment of the Central Asian Fold Belt is shown. Based on the complex of geological, geochemical, isotope, and geochronological data, it has been established that the formation of continental crust in the Early and Late Caledonian terranes of Gorny Altai proceeded nearly synchronously (in the Middle–Late Devonian).In the Early Caledonian terranes, this process was the consequence of the multistage fractionation of primary juvenile crust of basic composition, and in the Late Caledonian ones it was the result of one-cycle intracrustal melting of hybrid andesitic crust rich in recycled material. 相似文献
18.
The geomorphological studies and radiocarbon dating of moraine complexes and the tree line within the North Chuya Ridge, along with active slope processes, soil formation, and peat formation in southeastern Gorny Altai, constrain the age of the main glacial and climatic events in this area at 7 ka to the first half of the 19th century. It is for the first time in the history of Altai studies that 57 absolute dates were obtained for glaciation in a vast but climatically and neotectonically homogeneous area. The new data refute the conventional idea that the Holocene glaciation in this mountain land comprised eight stages of the gradual retreat of the Late Würm (Sartan) glaciation. Also, they evidence that glaciation in the upper parts of the troughs retreated almost completely no later than 7 ka and valley glaciers in southeastern Altai were activated many times in the second half of the Holocene. Data are given on the morphology and age of three moraine generations reflected in the topography. A combination of temperature minima and humidity maxima led to a catastrophically rapid and the largest (up to 5–6 km) ice advance at the Akkem Stage (4.9–4.2 ka). In addition to the radiocarbon data, the time limits of the Historical stage (2.3–1.7 ka) were defined more precisely using dendrochronological and archaeological data from Scythian burials of Pazyryk culture in SE Altai. The moraines closest to the present-day glaciers formed at the Aktru Stage (late 13th–middle 19th century). During warm interglacials, the glaciers waned considerably or retreated completely and the zone of recent glaciation was reforested. As a result of progressive aridization in the Holocene, the glaciers in southeastern Altai waned at each successive stage, and their mass balance was not positive during the greatest temperature minimum of the last millennium (middle 19th century). 相似文献
19.
Geological and geomorphic manifestations of the source of the earthquake that occurred in the southern Gorny Altai on September 27, 2003, are described. This earthquake, the strongest over the entire history of seismological observations, caused damage to buildings and structures in the Chuya and Kurai basins and was accompanied by exposure of its source at the surface with formation of a system of seismic ruptures trending in the northwestern direction. The linear zone of seismic rupture was traced for more than 70 km on the northern slopes of the North Chuya and South Chuya ranges, and a developed network of related splays was found. The secondary (gravitational and vibrational) seismic dislocations were expressed as downfalls, landslides, and gryphons in the pleistoseist zone. These dislocations occur over an area of approximately 90 × 25 km2 that broadly coincides with the region of quakes having intensities of IX–VII. The paleoseismogeological investigations performed in the source region of the 2003 earthquake have shown that seven seismic events with M = 7.0–8.0 occurred in its source over the last 5000 years with a 500-to 900-year recurrence period. The study of the tectonic setting of the earthquake source in the Gorny Altai has allowed northward tracing of the main seismically active zones of the Mongolian and Gobi Altai, where earthquakes with a magnitude M > 7.0 occurred repeatedly, in particular, during the 20th century, and combination of all mountain systems of the Greater Altai into a common high-magnitude seismotectonic province. 相似文献