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1.
珠江口盆地白云凹陷地层压力演化与油气运移模拟 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
珠江口盆地位于中国南海北部, 是中国近海含油气盆地中一个重要的盆地.珠江口盆地勘探逐渐由浅水区向深水区推进, 浅水区钻井揭示地层为正常压力, 但对深水区的油气运移指向和地层压力分布认识不清楚.应用钻井测试资料, 地震资料和盆地模拟技术对珠江口盆地白云凹陷深水区的地层压力演化和油气运移进行了研究.模拟结果显示地层压力的聚集与释放以及流体运移与构造运动的发生有密切的关系.从模拟结果的分析中可以得出如下结论: (1) 珠二坳陷经历了3次幕式地层压力的聚集与释放.这3次压力的释放与晚始新世珠琼运动二幕、渐新世中期南海运动、中中新世末至晚中新世末东沙运动有关, 其中东沙运动期间是本区油气运移的主要期次, 现在浅水区的常压是由于东沙运动时超压释放后的结果. (2) 钻井测试与模拟结果显示, 现今地层压力在浅水区为常压, 在深水区有弱超压存在.引起地层压力分布的差异主要是由于浅水区和深水区沉积的岩相和岩性的不同. (3) 油气运移有2个指向, 一个运移指向浅水区域, 另一个指向深水区域.由于浅水区砂岩百分比含量高, 砂体连通性好, 油气聚集比较分散, 比较而言深水区油气在扇体里富集程度较高, 更有利于形成大油气田. 相似文献
2.
珠江口盆地白云深水扇特征及油气成藏主控因素 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
揭示中国南海北部珠江口盆地白云深水扇的时空展布和油气成藏规律.无论在理论上、还是在向深海进军的油气勘探实践上都具有十分重要的意义.以层序地层学理论为指导的地震剖面精细解释,在白云凹陷北部陆坡区发现了大量深水扇沉积体,它由众多的盆底扇、斜坡扇、低位楔和下切水道构成.盆底扇和斜坡扇多期叠加,平面上成朵叶状,并与下切水道相连.研究表明,白云深水扇成藏的主控因素包括:(1)白云凹陷具有适合油气生成的活跃烃源岩;(2)拥有包括断层、不整合面、连续分布的砂体以及流体底辟带在内的发达的输导网络;(3)低水位期发育的深水扇体与其上覆的高水位期泥岩共同形成了有利的储盖组合;(4)超压的累积和释放对深部烃源岩的排烃起到了重要作用.因此,白云深水扇具有良好的成藏条件,是珠江口盆地深水勘探的有利目标. 相似文献
3.
YinXiulan LiSitian MaYinsheng YangJihai 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2004,15(2):238-244
The characteristics and distribution of faults in Yinggehai basin discussed in this paper reveal the structural effects of the overpressure fluid expulsion. The rapid subsidence and mud-rich intervals of the marine rocks dominate the formation of the overpressure systems and the enormous volumes of the overpressure fluids in the basin. Triggered by some faults, the overpressure fluids were expulsed rapidly from the overpressure compartments to form a series of diapirs in the basin, resulting in the dense fractures or faults and folds in the limbs of diapirs. These fractures and faults provided the migration pathway for the vertical flow of hydrocarbons, so that the gas fields arising from this process might migrate upwards to the sandstone reservoir. Therefore, the hydrocarbon accumulations are usually located in the upper parts of diapiric structures. 相似文献
4.
深化含油气沉积盆地的压力结构研究,厘清异常压力的空间展布,对划分含油气系统、评价有利输导体系与明确勘探甜点区带具有重要的理论和实践意义。为深化渤海湾盆地富油凹陷的油气二次勘探,本文以歧口凹陷为研究对象,对其压力结构进行重点刻画。在实测地层压力的校正下,综合单井、连井和二维地震地层压力结构分析,厘清了歧口凹陷的压力结构特征,识别出4类纵向压力结构：①单超压带结构;②双超压带结构;③多超压带结构;④静水压力结构。纵向上,歧口地区存在3类纵向压力系统样式——单超压系统、双超压系统、静水常压系统。双超压系统是歧口凹陷的主要压力系统样式,广泛发育于主凹和各大次凹;从凹陷中心向盆地边缘,双超压系统逐渐向单超压系统、静水常压系统过渡。单超压系统主要分布于盆地边缘的斜坡和潜山区,如歧北高斜坡、羊三木-扣村潜山等。静水常压系统则主要分布在离深凹区更远的沈青庄潜山和埕北斜坡区域。上部超压系统和下部超压系统的顶板分别位于东营组和沙三段内部,侧向上受盆地边缘和深大断裂控制。上部超压系统的形成主要受欠压实作用控制,以歧口主凹为中心呈环带分布;而下部超压系统的形成主要受生烃作用控制,以主凹和几大次凹为中心分布。未来,下部超压系统中保存的天然气将成为歧口地区超深层天然气勘探的重点对象。 相似文献
5.
莺-琼盆地三维压力场和油气运移 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
莺歌海和琼东南盆地具有高温高压地层特征.莺歌海盆地的异常压力分布显示,平面上异常高压自中央坳陷带向盆地两侧斜坡带逐渐减小并过渡为静水压力,纵向上中央坳陷带受底辟活动的影响,压力系数自上新统下部地层往下逐渐增大,向两侧斜坡带逐渐减小,呈现"圣诞树"的展布特征.底辟带中浅层及底辟带周缘压力过渡带、中深层压力回倾带均是油气运移的指向,是重要的天然气勘探区域.琼东南盆地的崖南凹陷和乐东凹陷的超压最高,宝岛凹陷的超压较低,地层压力的纵向分布揭示由浅至深地层压力系数逐渐增大,但存在着中新统三亚组和中新统陵水组三段2个明显的泄压带,这2个带也是重要的天然气聚集带. 相似文献
6.
在现有的钻井、测井、地球物理及古生物等资料的基础上,应用储层沉积学、层序地层学等方法,深入研究了白云凹陷沉积充填演化模式及其展布规律。由于受重大构造事件、气候、物源供给、古地理和海平面变化等多种因素的影响,白云凹陷形成了独特的三层结构及多类型盆地叠置的沉积体系,其对深水油气形成及其分布富集特征等均具有深刻的影响和制约。同时,笔者在上述研究的基础上,还综合分析了白云深水区烃源岩生烃潜力、储盖组合及深水扇沉积体系与油气运聚成藏之间的成因耦合关系。白云凹陷深水扇圈闭成藏的烃源应以恩平组烃源岩的贡献为主,凹陷主体应以深水扇储层及其形成的各种圈闭为目标,周边以23.8Ma以前的浅水砂岩储层及其大型披覆构造为勘探重点,以期获得深水油气勘探的新突破。 相似文献
7.
Northeast Sichuan basin is a Mesozoic-Cenozoic basin in the northern margin of the Yangtze plate which has a complex tectonic
background and hydrocarbon accumulation history. By means of the analysis method of wave processes, major cycles of sedimentary
wave process in this basin have been studied. The results show that there are five-order cycles corresponding to 760, 220,
100, 35 and 20 Ma respectively, two first-order sedimentary cycles (220 Ma) and four secondorder sedimentary cycles (100 Ma).
The authors find that the second-order sedimentary cycles are well matched with reservoir formation cycles through studying
the relationship between second-order sedimentary cycles and reservoir formation cycles, and divide three reservoir formation
cycles in this basin.
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Translated from Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2007, 37(3): 513–518 [译自: 吉林大学学报(地球科学版)] 相似文献
8.
The study of oil geologic anomalies is a new area of petroleum geology. Using the evidence weight method, we selected tectonic,
hydrocarbon abundance of source rock, thickness of source rock, level of reservoir, complexity of reservoir, degree of mineralization
of formation water as the evidence layer to evaluate the favorable zones of pool forming in the Lower Paleozoic in the north
edge of the Middle and Lower Yangtze areas. Finally, we integrated our results with the petroleum geology of this area and
concluded that the North Sichuan basin, the western area of Hubei and the eastern area of Chongqing and parts of the Lower
Yangtze are the most profitable areas for exploration in the north edge of the Lower and Middle Yangtze areas.
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Translated from Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2007, 37(3): 458–462 [译自: 吉林大学学报(地球科学版)] 相似文献
9.
莺歌海盆地发育多期泥.流体底辟.底辟活动的多期性造成底辟区断裂和裂隙不断开启,输导天然气从深部向浅部垂向运移,充注底辟两侧及周缘的砂体,在剖面上构成树形样式,称之为底辟树型输导系统.底辟树型输导系统连通了浅层和中一深层的构造和岩性圈闭,是莺歌海盆地中央凹陷带构造及岩性天然气藏成藏的主要输导通道和样式,其相应运移方式分为能量保持型和能量释放型两种.本文提出了莺歌海盆地中央凹陷带发育底辟树型输导系统及其运移的地质模型,泥-流体底辟活动控制下的底辟树型输导系统及其运移模型是对伸展-转换盆地油气成藏理论的发展和补充. 相似文献
10.
莺歌海盆地DF1-1底辟断裂系统及其对天然气成藏的控制 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：4
莺歌海盆地的巨厚充填，高地温梯度及大规模的超压流体活动等特殊的地质背景，造就了DF1－1底辟构造的独特性，其内天然气的总体特征与底辟区的断裂系统存在着密切的联系。底辟区内的超压流体活动使其上覆地层产生众多的断裂和裂缝。这些垂向上的断裂和裂隙既构成了异常压力体系能量释放的主要通道。同时也形成了天然气运多的垂向输导体系。在断裂开启过程中上升的活动流体主要取决于断裂下延的深度及断裂上延所连通的中深一浅层的渗透性砂体，因此由断裂与砂体的相互配置所构成的输导体系在DF1－1气田的成藏中起着重要的作用。根据DF1－1的成藏特点，强调断裂系统与天然气运聚的相互促进关系，建立了断裂系统与天然气成藏关系模式。 相似文献
11.
ZENG Jianhui WANG Chen GUO Shuai YU Yixin ZHANG Zhongtao YANG Haizhang ZHAO Zhao SUN Rui 《《地质学报》英文版》2021,95(1):208-231
This paper investigates the origin and migration characteristics of petroleum in the northeastern part of the Baiyun Depression,Pearl River Mouth Basin(PRMB).The discovered petroleum in the study area is mainly located in the Lower Zhujiang Member(N1z2)and mainly originated from the Enping Formation source rocks in the eastern sag.Active faults(vertical migration)and N1z2sandstones(lateral migration)acted as the petroleum migration systems.The fault activities in the Dongsha event controlled the episodic petroleum migration.Fractures in the fault zones provided effective conduits,and overpressure was the driving force.The vertical migration could not cross the fault zones laterally.The petroleum injection areas in the carrier beds were the contact zones of petroleum-migration faults and carrier beds.The lateral migration was steady-state migration,and buoyancy was the driving force.The migration pathways in the carrier beds were controlled by the structural morphology.Secondary petroleum migration in the study area could be divided into two parts:vertical migration along the fractures in the fault zones and lateral migration through preferential petroleum migration pathways(PPMPs)in the carrier beds.The petroleum migration behaviors,including migrating direction,driving force,and migration pattern,in the faults and sandstone carrier beds were quite different.This study provides a typical example for comprehending secondary migration processes and has great importance for determining future exploration targets in the deep-water area of the PRMB. 相似文献
12.
莺歌海盆地天然气底辟优势聚集规律及勘探意义 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
莺歌海盆地的高温高压环境、构造断裂不发育、泥-流体底辟发育及热流体活动强烈等独特的地质条件,决定了伸展-转换盆地的油气聚集规律与断陷盆地复式油气聚集具有明显的差异性。在分析天然气成藏主控因素的基础上,以天然气藏形成到天然气分布为主线,提出莺歌海盆地的天然气底辟优势聚集规律:即宏观上天然气聚集在盆地内成藏条件配置好的中央凹陷带底辟区,微观上天然气则聚集在底辟成藏条件配置好的顶部、两侧及周缘的构造和岩性圈闭中。天然气底辟优势聚集规律突破了以往紧邻凹陷带的斜坡带是油气聚集最有利区带的传统观点,使人们认识到只有符合优势聚集规律的构造带和圈闭才可能聚集天然气,这对于调整伸展-转换型盆地的油气勘探思路,针对性地解决莺歌海盆地勘探中存在的问题,进一步指明有利勘探方向具有重要的指导作用。 相似文献
13.
ABSTRACT Mud diapirs and gas chimneys are widely developed in continental slope areas, which can provide sufficient gas for hydrate formation, and they are important for finding natural gas hydrates. Based on the interpretation and analysis of high-resolution 2D and 3D seismic data covering the deep-water area in the Qiongdongnan Basin (QDNB), northern South China Sea, we studied the formation mechanism of mud diapirs and gas chimneys and their relationship with natural gas hydrates. Mud diapirs and gas chimneys are columnar and domelike in shape and the internal regions of these bodies have abnormal reflections characterized by fuzzy, chaotic, and blanking zones. The reflection events terminate at the rims of mud diapirs and gas chimneys with pull-up reflections and pull-down reflections, respectively. In addition, ‘bright spots’ and diapiric-associated faults occur adjacent to mud diapirs and gas chimneys. The rapidly deposited and deeply buried fine sediments filling in the Tertiary in deep-water areas of the QDNB and overpressure potential derived from undercompacted mudstones, as well as from the pressurization of organic matter and hydrocarbon generation, provide abundant materials and intensive driving forces for the formation of mud diapirs and gas chimneys. Bottom simulating reflectors (BSRs) with strong amplitude and high or poor continuity were recognized atop the mud diapirs and gas chimneys and in the structural highs within the same region, indicating that they have a close relationship with each other. The mud diapirs and gas chimneys and associated high-angle faults provide favourable vertical pathways for the hydrocarbons migrating from deep strata to shallow natural gas hydrate stability zones where natural gas hydrates accumulate; however, some BSRs are characterized by weak amplitude and poor continuity, which can be affected by high temperature and overpressure in the process of the mud diapir and gas chimney activities. This mutually restricting relationship must be taken into consideration in the process of gas hydrate exploration in QDNB. 相似文献
14.
北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷超压系统与油气运移 总被引：12，自引：0，他引：12
利用地震层速度、声波测井及各种录井资料研究北部湾盆地涠西南凹陷超压系统及油气运移 ,用以指导下一步油气勘探。研究发现主要生烃层段流沙港组二段泥岩的欠压实是形成异常高压的主要原因 ,异常压力主要分布于凹陷中心地区。最大压力封闭点及油的成熟门限深度可以区分异常高压层的作用 ,在生油门限以下的异常压力带中的快速压实段 ,是油气初次运移最有利的层段。研究发现本区存在两种油气运移方式 ,即向泥岩下方运移和侧向运移 ,最后指出勘探油气的有利地区 相似文献
15.
Honghan Chen Changmin Chen Xiong Pang Jiahao Wang Wanzhong Shi 《Journal of Geochemical Exploration》2006,89(1-3):47
Although no drilling has been carried out in the deep water area of the Baiyun sag in the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea, the successful exploration for natural gas in the shallow water area of the Panyu lower uplift allows an insight into the prospectivity of the adjacent deep water fan system of the Baiyun sag. The Paleogene gas kitchen in the Baiyun sag provided both oil-derived gas and coal-derived gas. Fluid inclusion measurements and 2D numeric modelling of formation pressure indicate four episodes of hydrocarbon charge since the third release of the overpressure system. Seismic wipeout zones manifest several types of gas chimney which could play a role in vertical migration conduits to feed the natural gases into the deep water fan system. There would be, therefore, a low risk for hydrocarbon exploration in the deep water fan system. 相似文献
16.
Deep-large faults in the central continental margin of eastern China are well developed. Based on the regularity of spatial
and temporal distribution of the faults, four fault systems were divided: the Yanshan orogenic belt fault system, the Qinling-Dabie-Sulu
orogenic belt fault system, the Tanlu fault system and the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system. The four
fault systems exhibit different migration behaviors. The Yanshan orogenic belt fault system deflected from an EW to a NE direction,
then to a NNE direction during the Indo-Chinese epoch-Yanshanian epoch. The thrust-nappe strength of the Qinling-Dabie orogenic
belt fault system showed the tendency that the strength was greater in the south and east, but weaker in the north and west.
This fault system faulted in the east and folded in the west from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the early Yanshanian epoch. At
the same time, the faults also had a diachronous migration from east to west from the Indo-Chinese epoch to the early Yanshanian
epoch. On the contrary, the thrust-nappe strength was greater in the north and west, weaker in the south and east during the
late Yanshanian epoch-early Himalayan epoch. The Tanlu fault system caused the basin to migrate from west to east and south
to north. The migration regularity of the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system shows that the formation
age became younger in the west. The four fault systems and their migration regularities were respectively the results of four
different geodynamic backgrounds. The Yanshan orogenic belt fault system derived from the intracontinental orogeny. The Qinling-Dabie-Sulu
orogenic belt fault system derived from the collision of plates and intracontinental subduction. The Tanlu fault system derived
from the strike-slip movement and the East China Sea shelf basin-Okinawa trough fault system derived from plate subduction
and retreat of the subduction belt.
Translated from Journal of Jilin University (Earth Science Edition), 2005, 35(5): 554–563 [译自: 吉林大学学报 (地球科学版)] 相似文献
17.
辽河滩海地区是典型的中—新生代陆相断陷盆地,构造上具有东西分带、南北分区的特点,不同构造带油气运聚成藏及分布都与温压场特征密切相关。运用整体、耦合的观点和地温-地压系统理论,在详细分析对比东部凹陷和西部凹陷温压场分布特征的基础上,发现辽河滩海地区主要发育单一型、低压型和高压型3种地温-地压系统。其中:西部凹陷西部斜坡带发育单一型地温-地压系统,笔架岭构造带发育低压型地温-地压系统;东部凹陷海南月东地区和太葵地区则普遍发育高压型复式地温-地压系统。同时,对比分析东、西部各构造带油气藏的形成与分布特征,不同类型地温-地压系统与断裂配置表明辽河滩海地区为明显的断压控藏特征:西部斜坡带主要为单一型和低压型断压控藏;东部斜坡带则主要为高压型断压控藏。 相似文献
18.
The calci-mircobialite is a special carbonate buildup, which is formed due to the activities of different kinds of microbes.
Abundant microfossils preserved in the microbialite show the high-level productivity during deposition, while characteristic
sedimentary minerals and geochemical compositions suggest an anoxic marine environment for organic burial. The high-level
productivity and anoxic sedimentary environment favor the efficient preservation of organic matter and thus the formation
of source rocks. On these points, microbialites could be one of the potential hydrocarbon source rocks, awaiting further geobiological
investigation and exploration. Precambrian and some of the great transitional stages in Phanerozoic are critical periods when
microbialites were well developed. Widespread microbialites have been found in North and South China. Bitumen observed in
many outcrops of Precambrian and late Devonian microbialites further raises the possibility of the calci-microbialite as a
potential hydrocarbon source rock.
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Translated from Earth Science-Journal of China University of Geosciences, 2007, 32(6): 797-802 [译自: 地球科学-中国地质大学学报] 相似文献
19.
沉积盆地中超压广受关注,但对超压传导规律认识的不足制约了高压领域的油气勘探.以准噶尔盆地阜康凹陷侏罗系为例,通过超压类型地质综合判识、关键超压表征参数的理论计算及流体包裹体压力恢复,首次认识到了垂向传导对于储集层超压的重要贡献,结合压力垂向传导机制及过程,探讨了油气藏的运聚及泄露意义.研究结果表明,侏罗系超压由4类超压环境中7种致压因素引起,经历2期大规模压力跨层垂向传导,储集层段发育以垂向传导为主因的复合超压,形成3类不同动力特征的油气藏.压力垂向传导是储集层超压的主要成因机制,断-盖的力学性质、差应力及流体压力等3类因素控制压力垂向传导,传导背景下,形成3类与传导作用有关的油气藏:受断层垂向传导控制的超压油藏、受连通砂体侧向传导控制的超压油藏以及超压界面上的常压油藏,上述3类油气藏的运聚及泄露特征差异较大. 相似文献
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YE Jiaren HAO Fang CHEN JianyuFaculty of Earth Resources China University of Geosciences Wuhan Hubei E-mail: jrye@cug.edu.cn Ren Xifei Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(3):402-412
The Damintun depression is one of the four depressions in the Liaohe basin in northern China, and is a rift basin developed in the Paleogene. This paper discusses in detail the characteristics of pressure and fluid potential of the Damintun depression based on a synthesis of the data from boreholes, well tests and seismic surveys. Data from sonic logs, well tests and seismic velocity measurements are used to study the pressure characteristics of the areas. From the sonic log data, shales can be characterized as normally pressured, slightly overpressured or highly overpressured; from the well test data, the pressure-depth gradient in oil-producing intervals implies hydrostatic pressure in general. Most seismic profiles in the Damintun depression are of sufficiently high quality for seismic velocities to be measured. The fluid pressures, excess pressures and pressure coefficients in 47 representative seismic profiles are predicted using formula calculation methods, and further transformed to fluid potenti 相似文献