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为有效管理大地形变流动观测数据,基于关系型数据库设计大地形变流动观测数据库,完成区域精密水准、流动GNSS、流动重力、跨断层场地观测数据的结构化存储,实现了观测过程数据（包括观测数据和管理数据）的规范化管理,从而有效控制了大地形变流动观测数据质量,提高了数据质量管理效率。 相似文献
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地壳介质微形变异常与强震短临前兆 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
什么是形变观测中可靠的地震前兆 ?虽然目前有很多不同的认识 ,但都还是认为应从地球力学和形变应变的变化信息中获取地震前兆 ,形变观测的地震前兆应是由于地震孕育到破裂过程中地壳介质产生形变应变等力学变化的信息 .当然 ,地震前兆存在场兆和源兆之分 ,如构造块体活动产生的区域应力场变化 .场兆与地震的发生是一种间接关系 ,是大范围内的异常现象 ,而源兆则主要是震源区及近源区出现的效应 .显然 ,源兆的捕捉对地震的预报是极为有利的 .微形变观测主要包括倾斜、应变和重力观测 .与 GPS、大地形变测量和流动形变测量相比 ,微形变(倾… 相似文献
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介绍了地形变测量学的定义及其包括的内容,分别从大地形变测量、台站形变观测和重力观测方面,阐述了地形变测量应用于中国地震预报的研究进展。通过震例介绍具有较好预报效果的地形变测量手段,说明利用地形变测量可以做出具有一定减灾实效的地震预测预报。同时,提出了一些建议,以期地形变测量水平能有较大的提高,为地震预报提供更多支持。 相似文献
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唐山及大同－阳高地震大地形变与重力前兆综合研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本大概还了近年来利用大地形变及重力复测资料研究唐山及大同－阳高地震的丰富成果，对这２次地震震前大地形变及重力前兆综合研究认为：震中区震前呈现闭锁状态；断层蠕滑及深部物质的运移，是震前的显著标志；地震成因的组合模式可以较好地解释唐山及大同一阳高地震的机制；跟踪监测形变场、重力场及断层活动时空演化特性，是利用大地形变及重力测量手段进行地震预测的基本出发点。 相似文献
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流动重力测量受温度,垂直形变、气压和地下水水位等诸因素的干扰较多。本文通过对乌鲁木齐西环状重力测线12期成果干扰因素的校改计算,使1986年6月13日地震前后杂乱的资料展现出具较好时空分布规律的异常。认为流动重力测量可以捕捉到地震前兆信息并能较好地预报地震。最后,就流动重力测量工作的改进提出了一些设想和建议。 相似文献
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唐山及大同—阳高地震大地形变与重力前兆综合研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文概述了近年来利用大地形变及重力复测资料研究唐山及大同－阳高地震的丰富成果，对这２闪地震震前大地形变及重力前兆综合研究认为，震中区震前呈现闭锁状态，断层蠕滑及深部物质的运移是震前的显著标志；地震成因的组合模式可以较好地解释唐主大同－阳高地震的机制，跟踪监测形变场，重力场及断层活动时空演化特征，是利用大地形变及重力测量手段进行地震预报的基本出发点。 相似文献
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中国地壳运动观测网络的建设及应用 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
"中国地壳运动观测网络"是国家"九五"期间建设的重大科学工程,自1998年开始观测以来,获取了大量的地壳形变GPS观测资料和相对重力观测资料,为认知中国大陆地壳运动特征及其动力学机制提供了至关重要的基础资料和定量约束。"十一五"期间,国家将实施中国地壳运动观测网络的二期工程"中国大陆构造环境监测网络",对网络中观测站点的空间密度、观测方式和应用功能进行大幅度强化。本文扼要介绍了中国地壳运动观测网络一期工程的建设内容、运行现状和主要成果及二期工程的建设规划。中国地壳运动观测网络一、二期工程将为我国地震监测和地学研究提供一个具有国际先进水平的大地测量基础平台。 相似文献
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主要回顾了中国大陆重力时变高精度监测与地震预测应用的基本情况。自1966年邢台地震以来,我国就开始采用重力手段监测地壳变动和强震孕育发生过程,致力获取重力场时变的微伽级信息。重力监测主要采用定点流动复测（流动重力）和固定台站连续观测（连续重力）2种方式。重力监测已经历3个发展阶段。1998年以前,重力监测主要沿块体边界、活动断层或历史强震区开展,缺乏绝对测量,一般采用相对测量,通过总结获取了海城7.2级、唐山7.8级、丽江7.0级等一系列地震前的重力动态变化特征,除海城地震外,预测成功震例寥寥。1998年地壳运动网络工程建设以来,由于引入高精度绝对重力测量,开始进行中国大陆重力场的整体监测,获取了汶川8.0级等地震前的大尺度变化信息,给出了汶川地震中期预测的有效意见。2010年以来,以陆态网络工程重力网为基础,逐步开展大华北、南北带等各种测网的整合与统一,形成了中国大陆整体重力观测网,对期间发生的一系列6.0级以上地震（如芦山7.0级、门源6.4级、呼图壁6.2级等地震）进行了较为成功的中期预测,为地震机理研究和我国中期地震预测水平提升发挥了重要作用。通过长期的重力观测实践,初步形成了一门专门应用于地震研究的交叉学科——“地震重力学”。 相似文献
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WEN Xiang ZHOU Bin SHI Shui-ping QIN Jian LI Jia-ning HE Yan YAN Chun-heng LUO Yuan-peng 《地震地质》2019,41(4):927-943
Northwest Guangxi is located in the Youjiang fold belt and the Hunan-Guangxi fold belt of secondary structure unit of South China fold system. The South China fold was miogeosyncline in the early Paleozoic, the Caledonian fold returned and transformed into the standard platform, and the Indosinian movement ended the Marine sedimentary history, which laid the basic structural framework of this area. Since the neotectonic period, large areas have been uplifted intermittently in the region and Quaternary denudation and planation planes and some faulted basins have been developed. Affected by the strong uplift of Yunnan-Guizhou plateau, the topography of the region subsides from northwest to southeast, with strong terrain cutting and deep valley incision. Paleozoic carbonate rocks and Mesozoic clastic rocks are mainly exposed on the earth's surface, and its geomorphology is dominated by corrosion and erosion landforms. The dating results show that most of the structures in northwest Guangxi are middle Pleistocene active faults, and the movement mode is mainly stick-slip. According to the seismogeological research results of the eastern part of the Chinese mainland, the active faults of the middle Pleistocene have the structural conditions for generating earthquakes of about magnitude 6. In the northwest Guangxi, the crustal dynamic environment and geological structure are closely related to Sichuan and Yunnan regions. Under the situation that magnitude 6 earthquakes occurred successively in Sichuan and Yunnan region and magnitude 7 earthquakes are poised to happen, the risk of moderately strong earthquakes in the northwest Guangxi region cannot be ignored. Based on the analysis of deep structure and geophysical field characteristics, it is concluded that the Tian'e-Nandan-Huanjiang area in the northwestern Guangxi is not only the area with strong variation of the Moho surface isobath, but also the ML3.0 seismic gap since September 2015, and the abnormal low b value area along the main fault. Regions with these deep structural features often have the conditions for moderately strong earthquakes. The paper systematically analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution features and mechanism of regional gravitational field and horizontal crust movement and further studies and discusses the changes of regional gravitational field, crustal horizontal deformation and interaction between geologic structure and seismic activity based on 2014-2018 mobile gravity measurements and 2015-2017 GPS observation data in the northwestern Guangxi. The results show that:1)On July 15, 2017, a MS4.0 earthquake in Nandan happened near the center of four quadrants of changes of gravity difference, and the center of abnormal area is located at the intersection of the Mulun-Donglang-Luolou Fault, the Hechi-Nandan Fault and the Hechi-Yizhou Fault. The dynamic graph of differential scale gravitational field reflects the gravity changes at the epicenter before and after the Nandan earthquake, which is a process of system evolution of "local gravity anomaly to abnormal four-quadrant distribution features → to earthquake occurring at the turning point of gravity gradient zone and the zero line to backward recovery variation after earthquake". Meanwhile, according to the interpretation of focal mechanism of the Nandan earthquake, seismogram and analysis of seismic survey results, the paper thinks that the four-quadrant distribution of positive and negative gravity, which is consistent with the effect of strike-slip type seismogenic fault before Nandan earthquake, demonstrates the existence of dextral strike-slip faulting; 2)The pattern of spatial distribution of gravitational field change in northwestern Guangxi is closely related to active fault. The isoline of cumulative gravity generally distributes along Nandan-Hechi Fault and Hechi-Yizhou Fault. The gravity on both sides of the fault zone is different greatly, and gradient zone has influences on a broad area; the spatial distribution of deformation field is generally featured by horizontal nonuniformity. Tian'e-Nandan-Huanjiang area is located at the high gradient zone of gravity changes and the horizontal deformation surface compressional transition zone, as well as near the intersection of Hechi-Yizhou Fault, Hechi-Nandan Fault and Du'an-Mashan Fault; 3)The geometric shape of gravitational field in northwestern Guangxi corresponds to the spatial distribution of horizontal crustal movement, which proves the exchange and dynamic action of material and energy in the region that cause the change and structural deformation of fault materials and the corresponding gravity change on earth's surface. The recent analysis of abnormal crustal deformation in northwestern Guangxi shows that Tian'e-Nandan-Huanjiang is a gradient zone of abnormal gravity change and also a horizontal deformation surface compressional transition zone. It locates at the section of significant change of Moho isobaths, the seismicity gap formed by ML3.0 earthquakes and the abnormal low b-value zone. According to comprehensive analysis, the region has the risk of moderately strong earthquake. 相似文献
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THE COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS AND RESEARCH OF RECENT GRAVITY AND CRUSTAL DEFORMATION IN NORTHEASTERN EDGE OF THE TIBETAN PLATEAU 
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下载免费PDF全文 ZHU Yi-qing LIANG Wei-feng HAO Ming ZHAO Ling-qiang HAO Qing-hua ZHANG Guo-qing LIU Lian 《地震地质》2017,39(4):768-780
In this study, we systematically analyzed the relationship between regional gravity changes, 3D crustal deformation, regional tectonic environment and strong earthquakes based on the relative gravity measurements(2011-2014), GPS data and the background vertical deformation from the leveling measurements conducted from 1970 to 2011. Subsequently, we further characterized the temporal-spatial patterns and discussed the mechanism of regional gravity changes and the crustal deformation. The results can be summarized as follows:1)The regional gravity changes, the GPS-derived horizontal deformation and the vertical deformational obtained from leveling data showed a close spatial relationship:The gravity increased along with the direction of horizontal movement, and the gravity decreased with the crustal uplift and vice versa, which reflects the inherited characteristics of neotectonic activities. 2)The crustal deformation was closely related to the active faults. The contour lines of gravity changes and vertical deformation were generally along with the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault(the strike is NWW), and the crustal horizontal deformation showed left-lateral strike slip motion near the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault. 3)The strong earthquakes usually occur in the active faults where intensive gravity change and vertical and/or horizontal deformation occurred. The extrusion deformation, surface compression rate and gravity changes were obvious near the epicenter of 2016 Menyuan earthquake. The 2013 Minxian-Zhangxian MS6.6 earthquake occurred in the direction-turning area of intense gravity gradient zone and the transitional area of surface compression and vertical deformation. The first author of this paper has made a medium-term forecast before the Minxian and Menyuan earthquakes, especially the location of the earthquake. Based on the above understandings, we emphasized that:there are still possibilities of strong or huge earthquakes within medium-long term in the areas of crustal deformation anomalies in the study region. 相似文献
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本文通过对两期二等三角网测量结果的计算,分析了沂沭裂谷附近-鲁中鲁南的应变状态,力学性质和最近二十年来地壳的水平运动.结果是:(1)该区水平应变场的平均参数为:主压应变轴是 N51E;最大剪应变的方向为 N6E 和 N84W;从而得出该区应变场的力学模型;(2)该区地壳水平形变的特征是:以灌云-临沂-曲阜为转换带的典型左旋图象.从而讨论了鲁中、南未来可能发震的危险部位. 相似文献
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地壳运动全变率指标（ＮＤＲ）系由地表横向变形弯曲度Ｓ，垂向切变反差度τ和地壳运动总强度Ｍｔ组成，是一组定量表示地震危险性的动态地质标志。对华北地区１９６６～１９９６年５次地震（Ｍ＞６）震前地壳运动进行ＮＤＲ系计算，发现ＮＤＲ系异常特征与地震事件间存在密切关系。该法对地震预报、工程地震、评估地壳活动性及地球动力学研究等方面，具有广泛的应用前景 相似文献
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北京地区近代构造与地震活动的初步研究 总被引：5，自引：1，他引：5
本文通过公元250年修建的引水工程——车箱渠的考证及其现今遗留的风口地形、永定河道变迁、人类活动遗迹和埋藏泥炭沼分布规律的讨论,指出北京地区近代构造运动以北西西向延伸的隆、凹相间的差异升降活动为其特征。破坏性地震就发生在这些北西西向断裂的端点或与活动性强烈的北北东向夏垫断裂的交汇部位 相似文献
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由于青藏高原东部地区记录了高原约50 Ma演化历史中物质东流的构造史,因此受到地学界的广泛重视. 现代大地测量与地质研究结果给出了该区现代地壳运动的图像,为地球动力学数值模拟提供了重要的边界约束条件. 利用重力异常计算的高原及邻区地幔对流应力场与地表地壳运动格局的明显差异表征了高原东部地壳与地幔物质的运动解耦. 基于随深度变化地壳蠕变率的动力学模拟结果显示,高原东部地壳增厚与高原内部存在很大差异,高原东部地壳增厚主要表现为下地壳的增厚,并且地幔形变过程与地表变化也不一致,同样显示出地壳、地幔运动的解耦. 研究表明,下地壳低强度分布可能是导致这种解耦的重要原因,而了解高原东部地壳及上地幔物理力学性质对我们认识高原物质东流至关重要. 相似文献
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