共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
基于植被指数和土地表面温度的干旱监测模型 总被引：79，自引：4，他引：79
干旱是一种周期性发生的自然现象,其发生过程中有关参数如地表覆盖度、温度和土壤表层含水量等可以通过遥感的途径进行定量反演,而这些参数客观地反映了地表的综合特征。综述了运用遥感反演产品---土地表面温度和归一化植被指数在干旱监测中的应用前景和进展,分析了距平植被指数、条件植被指数、条件温度指数和归一化温度指数等干旱监测方法的优缺点,在前人研究的基础上,提出了条件植被温度指数的干旱监测模型,探讨了其应用前景。 相似文献
2.
利用MODIS植被指数和陆地表面温度产品建立全国3个农业气候区NDVI-Ts、NDVI-ΔT和NDVI-ATI空间,并由NDVI-Ts、NDVI-ΔT和NDVI-ATI空间分别建立温度植被干旱指数(TVDI)、温差植被干旱指数(DTVDI)和表观热惯量植被干旱指数(AVDI)3个干旱评价指标研究全国干旱分布,利用实测土壤含水量对3个干旱指标进行检验评价.NDVI-ΔT空间中的湿边基本与横坐标平行,表明当土壤水分处于饱和状态或植被完全无水分胁迫条件下,植被和土壤对缓冲环境温度变化的能力大体相当;由NDVI-ATI空间看出,随着植被覆盖增加,表观热惯量有增加的趋势.对比3个干旱评价指标表明:当监测范围较大,区域内地形复杂时,由NDVI-Ts空间计算的TVDI评价干旱最合理,由NDVI-ΔT空间计算的DTVDI在干旱监测中也具有一定的价值,而由NDVI-ATI空间计算的AVDI已经不能合理评价干旱. 相似文献
3.
Evaluation of EDI derived from the exponential evapotranspiration model for monitoring China’s surface drought 总被引：5，自引：4，他引：1
Yunjun Yao Qiming Qin Ayad M. Fadhil Yufu Li Shaohua Zhao Shaomin Liu Xinxin Sui Heng Dong 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,63(2):425-436
Drought has become the most severe natural disaster in many provinces of China. In this paper, evaporative drought index (EDI)
has been used to monitor China’s surface dryness conditions based on the exponential evapotranspiration (ET) model and Hargreaves
equation from JAXA-MODIS Insolation products, GEWEX, NCEP-2 and MODIS NDVI data. The exponential ET model based on the surface
net radiation, vegetation index, mean air temperature and diurnal air temperature range (DTaR) has been developed to estimate
surface ET of China and has been independently validated using ground-measured data collected from two sites (Arou and Miyun)
in China, indicating that the bias varies from −5.96 to 5.02 W/m2. The good agreement between daily estimated and ground-measured ET using ground observation data collected from all 22 sites
further supports the validity of the exponential ET model for regional ET estimation. Moreover, EDI is closely correlated
to the average soil moisture at 0–10 cm soil depth of the Yongning site with coefficient of determination of R
2 = 0.52. The spatio-temporal patterns of monthly ET and EDI from April to September of 2004 over China are explored and the
result indicates EDI is accordant with the precipitation by comparing the 15-day smoothed EDI with precipitation over six
representative sites. The EDI based on the exponential ET model by integrating energy fluxes in response to soil moisture
stress has demonstrated its validity for monitoring China’s surface drought events. 相似文献
4.
Remotely sensed thermal infrared (TIR) data have been widely used to retrieve land surface temperature (LST). LST is an important parameter in the studies of urban thermal environment and dynamics. In the study, an attempt has been made using LANDSAT 8 thermal imagery to compute LST and the associated land cover parameters viz; land surface emissivity (LSE), normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), normalized difference built-up index (NDBI) and normalized difference water index (NDWI). Landsat 8 TIRS band 10 & 11 (thermal bands) during 21 Oct. 2016, 22 Nov.2016, 24 Dec. 2016 and 09 Jan. 2017 were processed for LST analysis. However, band 5 & band 4 of the imagery was processed for NDVI, band 6 & band 5 for NDBI and band 2 & band 5 for NDWI analysis. LST has been derived from both the bands 10 &11 and validated by in-situ observations on the date and time of satellite overpass from the study area. Band 10 derived LST have shown much temperature difference while comparing with the in-situ observations. However, LST derived from band 11 found similar & close to the in-situ measurements. Relationship between band 11 results and in-situ observed measurements were developed, which has showing a strong correlation with (r2 = 0.991). Land surface emissivity were also evaluated which shows variation in different land cover surfaces like vegetation, settlement, forest cover and water body. The study has proven that land surface temperature derived from satellite band 11 is the actual surface temperature of the study area. 相似文献
5.
土壤水分与干旱遥感研究的进展与趋势 总被引：47，自引：2，他引：47
对土壤水分和干旱遥感监测的国内外发展情况进行了回顾,依据土壤水分和干旱遥感监测的原理,围绕着可见光与近红外、热红外、微波光谱波段的使用,分别以土壤和植被为观测对象,对国内外土壤水分与干旱遥感现状与发展趋势进行讨论。重点对微波遥感土壤湿度的算法发展和研究趋势进行了较详细的论述。在总结国内外土壤水分遥感监测研究实验中所用过的方法与原理的基础上,对目前遥感监测土壤水分研究领域的重点、难点和未来的发展方向进行了评述。土壤水分遥感监测是一个复杂的间接过程,波段及变量选择、传感器的性能等因素对土壤水分监测是至关重要的,土壤的各种理化性状、地形的分异作用以及气候变化和人为的土壤管理措施对土壤水分均有不同的影响,地表特征与土壤水分也存在着一定的相关性。改进的热惯量法和作物缺水指数法是当前土壤水分遥感监测中较为成熟的方法。GIS技术的广泛应用、土壤水分遥感监测模型的优化。微波遥感的应用将是该领域的重点研究方向。 相似文献
6.
In this paper, temporal dynamics of eco-environmental changes in coastal areas of China during 1981–2000 are investigated
based on four key surface parameters including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), thermal index, moisture index
and surface broadband albedo derived from quantitative remote sensing techniques and meteorological data. Firstly, land surface
temperature (LST) and land surface broadband albedo are retrieved by the split-window algorithms and high-order polynomial
regression method, respectively, using NOAA/AVHRR series images. Then, moisture index and thermal index, indicators of climate
and moisture conditions in the study area, are computed from meteorological data and LST using principal component analysis
(PCA). Finally, long-term dynamics of these eco-environmental factors and the reasons responsible for these changes are analyzed
further. The results show that during the years from 1981 to 2000, the study area experienced a gradual increase in annual
NDVI and climate factors and a decrease in surface annual broadband albedo, which indicates that the coastal thermal and moisture
conditions and the subsistence conditions of natural vegetation have changed to a considerable extent. According to the results,
a warming and wetting tendency over the last two decades is obvious in the China’s coastal zone that are mainly due to land
use changes as of growing urbanization, exhaust emissions from industries and transportations and, partly global climate change.
Uncontrolled rapid development of the study area may be blamed for these negative changes as a major driving force. The positive
feedback mechanisms between albedo, NDVI and climate factors also partly explain these changes. This study suggests that the
method integrating biophysical parameters retrieved from remote sensed images and meteorologic data provides a novel and feasible
way to monitor large scale eco-environmental changes.
相似文献
| Q. QinEmail: |
7.
藏西北地区生态环境脆弱,由于地形复杂、气候独特,该区的观测资料非常缺乏。利用遥感技术开展藏西北地区的干旱监测,能获取在空间上连续变化的地表干旱情况,对于指导该区农牧业生产具有重要的意义。基于FY-3A/VIRR的一级数据和标准旬产品（地表温度、植被指数）,采用温度植被干旱指数（TVDI）进行藏西北地区的干旱监测研究,并将监测结果分别与基于EOS/MODIS数据监测的结果、同期的野外实测土壤水分数据以及气象站点的降水量数据进行了对比分析。结果表明：利用FY-3A/VIRR数据的TVDI遥感监测结果与实测土壤水分、气象站累计降水量数据均呈显著的负相关关系,通过了0.01水平的显著性检验;利用FY-3A/VIRR数据与EOS/MODIS数据估算的TVDI干旱等级空间分布特征基本一致,FY-3A/VIRR数据可以代替EOS/MODIS数据在藏西北地区开展干旱遥感监测,可为指导藏西北地区农牧业生产提供数据支持。 相似文献
8.
Human activities have affected the urban environment resulting in a drastic change in the surface temperature. The impact of urban heat islands is noticeable in urban areas than in rural areas. The thermal band of Landsat 8 data is used to retrieve the spatial distribution of land surface temperature (LST) over Kohima Sadar for the years 2009, 2015 and 2020 with the Mono-window algorithm. Urban Thermal Field Variance Index (UTFVI) is used to assess the ecological condition in the area impacted by LST. Cartosat-1 Digital Elevation Model (Carto DEM) is used to understand the variations of LST and indices values with reference to the elevation profile located at different random points. The variations in the land cover are categorized as per the values of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and built-up density index (BUI). This work estimates the influence of elevation over LST, vegetation, and the built-up area. Results implies a negative correlation between LST and NDVI whereas a positive correlation between LST and BUI. Likewise, NDVI and BUI show a strong negative correlation. It is observed that LST is independent of elevation profile but the variation of LST depends on the impact of change in topography urbanization, deforestation, and afforestation. There is no significant relationship of elevation with the variations in NDVI and BUI values. It is observed that the impact of emissivity influences the estimation of LST values. For the locations having the highest and lowest LST, NDVI, and BUI values, 50 random points are generated for the entire region, and validation is executed with the google earth historical image.
相似文献9.
土壤墒情是反映旱情最直接的重要指标,土壤水分是植物水分的直接来源,决定着植物的生长状况的好坏,因此测量土壤水分有着重要的实际意义。近年来,随着抗旱工作的全面深入开展,土壤水分监测工作日益得到重视,土壤水分自动监测仪器逐步推广应用,但由于水利系统开展土壤水分自动监测较晚,对其工作原理认识不足。本文在概述土壤水分常用监测技术方法基础上,较为系统的介绍了频域反射法(FDR)和时域发射法(TDR)工作原理,以及有关数学公式,评述了主要监测技术方法的优缺点,并对今后有关工作开展提出了建议。 相似文献
10.
11.
This paper has developed a general Ts-NDVI triangle space with vegetation index time-series data from AVHRR and MODIS to monitor soil moisture in the Mongolian Plateau during 1981–2012, and studied the spatio-temporal variations of drought based on the temperature vegetation dryness index (TVDI). The results indicated that (1) the developed general Ts-NDVI space extracted from the AVHRR and MODIS remote sensing data would be an effective method to monitor regional drought, moreover, it would be more meaningful if the single time Ts-NDVI space showed an unstable condition; (2) the inverted TVDI was expected to reflect the water deficit in the study area. It was found to be in close negative agreement with precipitation and 10 cm soil moisture; (3) in the Mongolian Plateau, TVDI presented a zonal distribution with changes in land use/land cover types, vegetation cover and latitude. The soil moisture is low in bare land, construction land and grassland. During 1981–2012, drought was widely spread throughout the plateau, and aridification was obvious in the study period. Vegetation degradation, overgrazing, and climate warming could be considered as the main reasons. 相似文献
12.
NDVI dynamic changes and their relationship with meteorological factors and soil moisture 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hongxue Zhang Jianxia Chang Lianpeng Zhang Yimin Wang Yunyun Li Xiaoyu Wang 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2018,77(16):582
Normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) is an important indicator for measuring vegetation coverage, which is of great significance for evaluating vegetation dynamics and vegetation restoration. It can clearly analyze the suitable growth condition of vegetation by studying the relationship between meteorological factors, soil moisture and NDVI. Based on MODIS/NDVI data, the spatio-temporal characteristics of vegetation coverage in the Weihe River Basin (WRB) were analyzed by the trend analysis method. The relationship of NDVI with meteorological factors and NDVI with soil moisture simulated by the soil and water assessment tool (SWAT) model was analyzed in this paper. The results show that NDVI values gradually change with an increase from north to south in the WRB. The maximum of the average monthly NDVI is 0.702 (August) and the minimum is 0.288 in February from 2000 to 2015. The results of the seven grades of NDVI trend line slope indicate that the improvement area of vegetation coverage accounts for 30.93% of the total basin, and the degradation area and basically unchanged area account for 23% and 42.9%, respectively. The annual mean soil moisture is 19.37% in the WRB. There was a strong correlation between NDVI and precipitation, temperature, evaporation and soil moisture, and the correlation coefficients were 0.78, 0.89, 0.71 and 0.65, respectively. The ranges of the most suitable growth conditions for vegetation are 80–145 mm (precipitation), 13–23 °C (temperature), 94–144 mm (evaporation) and 25–33% (soil moisture), respectively. 相似文献
13.
本文采用了一种碳纤维加热光缆的光纤含水率测试方法（简称C-AHFO法）,解决了AHFO法监测土的含水率长期（16个月）稳定性问题,并开展了室内标定和现场原位土的含水率监测试验,确定了土中含水率与温度特征值之间的关系,建立了数值模型。室内率定试验结果表明:含水率与温度特征值之间的关系可用分段函数表述。当含水率小于0.08 m3·m-3时,可采用线性关系表述;高于0.08 m3·m-3时可采用对数函数表述。经过16个月的现场监测表明:C-AHFO法在此时间范围稳定,可对土的含水率进行分布式监测,测试误差不超过0.033 m3·m-3,可准确地反映天气和季节变化过程中表层土（深度小于20 cm）的湿度变化,监测结果与数值模拟计算结果具有一致性。该方法的研发和应用为土的大面积实时含水率分布式监测提供了一种新的手段。 相似文献
14.
Application of meteorological and vegetation indices for evaluation of drought impact: a case study for Rajasthan, India 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
Drought is a serious climatic condition that affects nearly all climatic zones worldwide, with semi-arid regions being especially
susceptible to drought conditions because of their low annual precipitation and sensitivity to climate changes. Drought indices
such as the standardized precipitation index (SPI) using meteorological data and vegetation indices from satellite data were
developed for quantifying drought conditions. Remote sensing of semi-arid vegetation can provide vegetation indices which
can be used to link drought conditions when correlated with various meteorological data based drought indices. The present
study was carried out for drought monitoring for three districts namely Bhilwara, Kota and Udaipur of Rajasthan state in India
using SPI, normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI), water supply vegetation index (WSVI) and vegetation condition index
(VCI) derived from the Advanced Very High resolution Radiometer (AVHRR). The SPI was computed at different time scales of
1, 2, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months using monthly rainfall data. The NDVI and WSVI were correlated to the SPI and it was observed
that for the three stations, the correlation coefficient was high for different time scales. Bhilwara district having the
best correlation for the 9-month time scale shows late response while Kota district having the best correlation for 1-month
shows fast response. On the basis of the SPI analysis, it was found that the area was worst affected by drought in the year
2002. This was validated on the basis of NDVI, WSVI and VCI. The study clearly shows that integrated analysis of ground measured
data and satellite data has a great potential in drought monitoring. 相似文献
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16.
以鄱阳湖流域为研究区, 基于2011—2020年22个墒情站的逐日地面墒情监测数据、1956—2020年49个雨量站的日降雨数据及2016—2019年墒情站所在灌区的气象数据, 采用考虑植被生理状态的土壤水分亏缺指数(SWDI)表征农业干旱, 分析不同尺度下墒情、包气带缺水量和降水量的时空分布, 评估SWDI在鄱阳湖流域农业干旱监测中的适用性, 揭示该流域农业干旱时空演变特征及其对气象干旱的响应规律, 初步探讨土壤质地与农业干旱强度的相关性。结果表明: ① SWDI对鄱阳湖流域农业干旱诊断具有较好的适用性; ②近10 a该流域农业干旱呈显著加重趋势, 其中2019—2020年发生流域性重度农业干旱, 且夏、秋、冬连旱, 是近10 a的主导季节性农业干旱, 对水稻、油菜等粮食产量影响显著; ③相较于气象干旱, 农业干旱发生、结束时间分别平均约晚2.5周和3周, 历时长10.1周, 频次更低, 干旱等级更小; ④砂土持水性最差, 易发生特大农业干旱, 黏土、黏壤土保水性最好, 轻旱和中旱发生概率较大, 壤土、砂壤土和壤砂土则介于二者之间。 相似文献
17.
内蒙古半干旱草原土壤植被大气相互作用(IMGRASS)综合研究 总被引：38，自引：1，他引：37
为深化对中纬半干旱草原气候生态相互作用过程、机制及其对全球变化的响应与贡献的认识 ,一项名为“内蒙古半干旱草原土壤植被大气相互作用 (IMGRASS)”的基金重大项目于 1997—2 0 0 1年在内蒙古锡林郭勒草原执行。IMGRASS计划在 1998年草原生长季节、在所选定的以典型草原为主 ,包括草甸草原、稀疏沙地草原等在内的中尺度试验区开展了多点、多要素的综合观测。观测内容包括土壤、植被、大气的相关要素和发生于地气界面的潜热、感热通量 ,还包括N2 O ,CH4 ,CO2 等微量气体交换量、辐射与降水分布。除 1998年中尺度观测试验外 ,在 1999— 2 0 0 1年在代表性地点进行了微量气体收支、遥感和沙尘天气相关的专项观测 ,结合草原站已进行的长期监测资料 ,分析气候生态长期相互作用 ,特别是人类活动干预的影响。在分析观测结果的基础上 ,对该地区的气候生态相互作用进行了数值模拟研究。文章作为介绍IMGRASS计划的第一部分 ,对该项研究计划作一全面简要介绍 ,包括科学目标、计划实施实验区背景、中尺度综合观测 ,并对实验所得大气边界层结构、辐射通量、沙地土壤水份状况、地表反射率谱与遥感测量等提供了个例分析 ,并简单介绍IMGRASS数据库。有关与全球变化有关的几个方面的初步研究结果将在本期刊中另文进行 相似文献
18.
Using monitoring data of surface soil to predict whole crop-root zone soil water content with PSO-LSSVM,GRNN and WNN 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhao Lixi Shui Pengbo Jiang Fang Qiu Hengqing Ren Shumei Li Yunkai Zhang Yu 《Earth Science Informatics》2014,7(1):59-68
Drought is a significant disaster in Beijing and it is important to find a method to assess the drought condition. First, this paper collected data of 85 soil monitoring stations in Beijing, such as soil dry bulk densities, saturated water contents, field capacities. Then, spatial variability characteristics of soil physics parameters were investigated by GIS and other three factors, 10 cm soil moisture content, organic matter and saturated water content which notably influenced soil moisture were extracted by Principal Component Analysis (PCA). Furthermore, four different nonlinear methods were put forward to predict crop-root zone soil water. 15555 single daily data from 2011 were used in parameters determination, while 15470 double daily data were used to test. The result showed that the Least Square Support Vector Machine coupling Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm (PSO-LSSVM) (R 2?=?0. 875) did better than BP Neural Network (R 2?=?0. 840), Generalized Regression Neural Network (GRNN) (R 2?=?0. 850) and Wavelet Neural Network (WNN) (R 2?=?0. 853). As so the POS-LSSVM method was used to evaluate the drought conditions from October 2010 to March 2011 of Beijing, and the result showed that from October 2010 to January 2011, the drought conditions were getting increasingly worse while later relieved from January 2011 to March 2011. 相似文献
19.
地表温度（land surface temperature,LST）是反映生态环境状况的重要指标。西藏作为气候变化的敏感地区,掌握其LST的时空变化有利于深入了解西藏热环境演化过程,为长期监测高原基础生态变化提供帮助。研究基于谷歌地球引擎获取西藏2000—2020年的MODIS LST数据,采用归一化分级方法对LST进行5个等级的划分,利用趋势分析、热力空间分析以及重心迁移等方法分析了研究区近20年来的LST时空演变特征。同时,选取归一化植被指数（normalized difference vegetation index,NDVI）、裸土指数（bare soil index,BI）、垂直不透水面指数（perpendicular impervious surface index,PISI）、湿度（WET）以及高程（digital elevation model,DEM）等5个影响LST的地表参数,结合多尺度地理加权回归,探讨了LST影响因子的作用尺度与作用效力。结果表明：2000—2020年,西藏LST均值由18.72℃上升至20.28℃,年均增长0.09℃,LST呈现微弱上升态势。2... 相似文献
20.
Soil moisture dynamics under different land uses on karst hillslope in northwest Guangxi,China 总被引：6，自引：1，他引：5
Temporal and spatial dynamics of soil moisture are little known on karst hillslope with shallow soil in subtropical region.
The objectives of this paper were (1) to investigate the temporal dynamics of soil moisture at depth of 0–10 cm under different
land uses; and (2) to understand the relationship between mean and coefficient of variation (CV) of moisture contents on karst
hillslope in northwest Guangxi, China. Soil moisture contents had a moderate variation (CV 17.5–30.3%) over an 8-month period
and they had a significant difference among different land uses at the 0.01 level with a decreasing order: native scrubland > abandoned
cropland and sloping cropland > economic forestland. There were higher mean and lower CV of moisture contents in rainy season
than those in drought season. Mean and CV of moisture contents had a significant negative linear relationship except in abandoned
cropland with higher soil and vegetation heterogeneity. This suggested that spatial variability of soil moisture within sampling
sites would decrease when soils were wet and increase when soils were arid. Compared with rainy season, more soil samples
may be needed and the interval for sampling should be shortened in drought season. Such information provided some insights
to better understand the dynamics and variability of soil moisture at a larger scale in karst region of southwest China. 相似文献