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1.
The model studied in this paper presents an extension of previous work for a shear wall on a semi-circular rigid foundation in an isotropic homogeneous and elastic half-space. The objective is to develop a soil-structure interaction model that can later be applied to the case of a flexible foundation. As shown in the Introduction below, Luco considered the case of a rigid foundation subjected to vertical incident plane SH waves, and Trifunac extended the solution for the same rigid foundation subjected to SH waves but for arbitrary angles of the incidence. In this paper, a new approach and model are presented for the same semi-circular rigid foundation with a tapered-shape (instead of rectangular) superstructure. The analytical expression for the deformation of the semi-circular rigid foundation below this tapered shear wall with soil-structure interaction in an isotropic homogeneous and elastic half-space is thus derived. Results are then compared with those of Trifunac discussed in the section below. This problem formulation can and will later be extended in the case of a flexible foundation that is semi-circular or arbitrarily shaped. 相似文献
2.
The response of an elastic circular wedge on a flexible foundation embedded into a half-space is investigated in the frequency domain for incident pane SH-waves. The problem is solved by expansion of the motion in all three media (wedge, foundation and half-space) in cylindrical wave functions (Fourier-Bessel series). The structural model is simple, but accounts for both differential motions of the base and for the effects of soil-structure interaction. Usually, structural models in earthquake engineering consider either differential ground motion, but ignore soil-structure interaction, or consider soil-structure interaction, but for a rigid foundation, thus ignoring differential ground motion. The purpose of the study is to find how stiff the foundation should be relative to the soil so that the rigid foundation assumption in soil-structure interaction models is valid. The shortest wavelength of the incident waves considered in this study is one equal to the width of the base of the wedge. It is concluded that, for this model, a foundation with same mass density as the soil but 50 times larger shear modulus behaves as ‘rigid’. For ratio of shear moduli less than 16, the rigid foundation assumption is not valid. Considering differential motions is important because of additional stresses in structures that are not predicted by fixed-base and rigid foundation models. 相似文献
3.
In this paper, the role that the site dynamic characteristics play in soil–structure interaction is studied on a simple model in which the site is represented as a soil layer over bedrock (half-space), and using the indirect boundary-element method (IBEM). For the purpose of comparison with published analytical solutions, the structure is represented as a shear wall supported by a semi-circular rigid foundation, subjected to incident plane SH waves. The accuracy of the method is verified, numerical results are analyzed, and the model response is compared with earthquake observations at the Hollywood Storage Building. It is shown that the effects of dynamic soil–structure interaction may become more significant near the characteristic frequencies of the site, and that the resonance of the system shifts to lower frequencies. The thickness of the soil layer, the stiffness of the bedrock, and the mass and the stiffness of the superstructure all influence the values of the system frequencies and system amplitudes. 相似文献
4.
本文在全面考虑上部结构、基础及下部土体实际情况和受力特性的基础上,开发了一种平面框剪土-结构相互作用的简化分析模型。在这个模型中,利用矩阵位移法的概念,同时考虑框架和剪力墙(筒体)的协同工作原理,将上部结构简化成平面的框架-剪力墙(筒体)结构,这一模型可以很好地模拟常用高层建筑体系的弯曲特性和弯剪特性。地基土采用一块在计算平面内高度为H,宽度为B,而在出平面方向厚度为t的土体作为分析模型,并对MSC.Marc进行了二次开发,将多层土E-B本构关系模型作为子程序嵌入其中,使用E-B本构关系模型来考虑它的非线性特性,利用粘-弹性人工边界作为地基土的边界条件。用接触迭代算法考虑了桩、箱-土之间的相互作用。最后,采用本文的方法对某高层框剪建筑进行了分析,并与不考虑土-结构相互作用的地震反应分析结果进行了对比。通过算例,本文初步探讨了在土-结构相互作用模型中,考虑和不考虑桩-土间相互作用对结构地震反应的影响,并得到了一些结论,证明了本文方法的适用性。 相似文献
5.
软土由于具有强度低、渗透性小、压缩性高、欠固结以及流变效应等不利于工程建设的特性,通常不被选做天然地基。但当软土以建筑环境或地基夹层存在时,对工程会带来一定的危害。在动力的作用下,软土表现特殊的力学行为,在地震作用有时会产生震陷;位于表层的软土放大效果显著;位于底层的软土有时具有隔震的作用。由于软土在动力学实验方面存在一定的困难,并且缺少软土场地的强震记录,使得这方面的研究受到一定影响。简要介绍了软土的成因及工程特性;总结和归纳了国内外软土的动剪切模量比和阻尼比以及剪切波速等动力学参数的特征,评述了软土动本构关系和地震反应特性等方面的研究进展,在此基础上提出了目前需要进一步开展研究的问题。该项工作对从事软土研究的科技工作者有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
6.
Linear in-plane soil–structure interaction in two dimensions (2D) is studied in fluid-saturated, poroelastic, layered half-space using the Indirect Boundary Element Method (IBEM). The structure is a shear wall supported by a rigid embedded foundation. Exact stiffness matrices for the soil layer and half-space, and Green׳s functions of uniformly distributed loads and pore pressure on an inclined line are derived. Results of the system response in the frequency domain are presented for the special case of single soil layer over bedrock, semi-circular foundation and zero seepage force. The effects of water saturation, soil porosity, depth of soil layer, rigidity contrast between layer and bedrock are investigated in the frequency domain for incident plane P- and SV waves. The results suggest that water saturation may cause increase of the system frequency by more than 10%. 相似文献
7.
The effects of soil–structure interaction in yielding systems are evaluated, including both kinematic and inertial interaction. The concepts developed previously for interacting elastic systems are extended to include the non‐linear behavior of the structure. A simple soil–structure system representative of code‐ designed buildings is investigated. The replacement oscillator approach used in practice to account for the elastic interaction effects is adjusted to consider the inelastic interaction effects. This is done by means of a non‐linear replacement oscillator defined by an effective ductility together with the known effective period and damping of the system for the elastic condition. To demonstrate the efficiency of this simplified approach, extensive numerical evaluations are conducted for elastoplastic structures with embedded foundation in a soil layer over elastic bedrock, excited by vertically propagating shear waves. Both strength and displacement demands are computed with and without regard to the effect of foundation flexibility, taking as control motion the great 1985 Michoacan earthquake recorded at a site representative of the soft zone in Mexico City. Results are properly interpreted to show the relative effects of interaction for elastic and yielding systems. Finally, it is demonstrated how to implement this information in the context of code design of buildings. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
8.
For a class of civil engineering structures, that can be accurately represented by ‘coupled shear walls’ (CSWs), a discrete model for the analysis of the dynamic interaction with the underlying soil is proposed. The CSWs, with one or more rows of openings, rest on a rigid foundation embedded in the elastic or viscoelastic half-space. A hierarchical finite element model based on an equivalent continuum approach is adopted for the structure. A frequency-domain boundary element method is used to represent the half-space. Finally, the set of equations governing the response of the coupled soil-structure system to harmonic lateral loads acting on the structure is also given. The frequency deviation effect with respect to the fixed-base structure and the effects of radiation and material damping in the soil are presented for different characteristics of the structure and different soil properties. 相似文献
9.
为研究强震区跨断层桥梁桩基非线性动力相互作用特性,依托海文大桥实体工程,利用MIDAS/GTS有限元软件,建立了桩-土-断层相互作用模型,分析0.20~0.60g地震动强度下断层上下盘桩基加速度响应、桩顶水平位移、桩身弯矩以及桩身剪力响应情况。结果表明:覆盖层土体对桩身加速度放大作用明显,且随着输入地震动强度的增大,放大作用逐渐减弱;覆盖层对地震波的滤波作用显著,随着输入地震动强度的增大,滤波作用逐渐减弱;上盘桩基达到桩顶峰值加速度的时刻滞后于下盘;随着输入地震动强度的增大,上、下盘桩的桩顶产生的永久位移和水平位移峰值逐渐变大,上盘桩顶产生的永久位移和桩顶峰值位移均大于下盘,产生显著的"上盘效应";不同强度地震动作用下,断层上、下盘桩基弯矩均在上部土层界面处达到峰值,剪力均在基岩面处达到峰值,下盘桩基弯矩和剪力峰值大于上盘桩基,呈现出显著的"下盘效应"。在桥梁桩基抗震设计时,应着重考虑断层上、下盘桩基的差异和不同强度地震作用对桩基承载特性的影响。 相似文献
10.
A closed-form analytical solution is presented for the dynamic response of a SDOF oscillator, supported by a flexible foundation embedded in an elastic half-space, and excited by plane SH waves. The solution is obtained by the wave function expansion method. The solution is verified for the special case of a rigid foundation by comparison with published results. The model is used to investigate the effect of the foundation flexibility on the system response. The results show that the effect is significant for both foundation response and structural relative response. For a system with more flexible foundation, the radiation damping is smaller, the foundation response is larger, especially for obliquely incident waves, while the structural relative response is smaller, and the system frequency shifts towards lower frequencies. This simple model may be helpful to obtain insight into the effects of soil–structure interaction for a slim structure on an extended flexible foundation. 相似文献
11.
The dynamic soil-structure interaction of a shear wall embedded in elastic isotropic and homogeneous soil layers underlain by bedrock, subjected to SH waves, is modeled in the present article. The soil layers consist of irregular interfaces and it has been shown that the scattering due to the roughness of the layers has significant effect on the displacement of both the foundation and the shear wall. To demonstrate the phenomena indirect boundary element method(IBEM) has been used on the basis of its validation in previous problems of similar type. The system response is compared with the analytical solution of the same type of model for vertically propagating incident SH waves. It is observed that for the low frequency of wave, displacement is abruptly high, and as a result the combination of shear wall and foundation perceives resonance. The thickness of the soil layer, mass of the shear wall, stiffness of the bedrock and the soil layers all affects the system frequency and displacement. 相似文献
12.
高速铁路中的桥梁常采用灌注桩基础以控制沉降,地震作用是桩基础的设计工况之一。建立桥梁-桥墩-桩基础-地基为一体的耦合系统非线性三维数值分析模型,以典型地震波为输入,考虑上部结构和基础的共同工作、土-结构动力相互作用、材料非线性和土层对桩的侧阻及端阻作用,开展三向地震作用下的动力有限元计算,并对地基主要土层压缩模量、桩体材料弹性模量、桩径和桩长进行参数敏感性分析。计算结果表明:现行的桩基础设计方案能有效控制地震荷载作用下桥梁的变形;地震过程中的不同时刻,桩侧阻发挥程度不同且不可忽略,以单纯的梁单元模拟桩的动力学行为的适用性值得商榷;桩长和地基主要土层压缩模量对桥梁地震反应影响最大,桩体材料弹性模量的影响次之,桩径的影响最小。 相似文献
13.
This study examines the roles of soil-structure interaction (SSI), higher modes, and damping in a base-isolated structure built on multiple layers of soil overlying a half space. Closed-form solutions for the entire system, including a superstructure, seismic isolator, and numerous soil layers overlying a half-space, were obtained. The formulations obtained in this study simply in terms of well-known frequencies and mechanical impedance ratios can explicitly interpret the dynamic behavior of a base-isolated structure interacting with multiple soil layers overlying a half-space. The key factors influencing the performance of the isolation system are the damping ratio of the isolator and the ratio of the natural frequency of the fixed-base structure to that of the isolated structure by assuming that the superstructure moves as a rigid body. This study reveals that higher damping in the base isolator is unfavorable to higher mode responses that usually dominate the responses of the superstructure and that the damping mechanism plays an important role in transmitting energy in addition to absorbing energy. It is also concluded that it is possible to design a soft soil layer as an isolation system for isolating vibration energy. 相似文献
14.
《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2012,32(12):1690-1702
Simulating dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is a challenge when using a shaking table because of the semi-infinity of soil foundations. This paper develops real-time dynamic hybrid testing (RTDHT) for SSI problems in order to consider the radiation damping effect of the semi-infinite soil foundation using a shaking table. Based on the substructure concept, the superstructure is physically tested and the semi-infinite foundation is numerically simulated. Thus, the response of the entire system considering the dynamic SSI is obtained by coupling the numerical calculation of the soil and the physical test of the superstructure. A two-story shear frame on a rigid foundation was first tested to verify the developed RTDHT system, in which the top story was modeled as the physical substructure and the bottom story was the numerical substructure. The RTDHT for a two-story structure mounted on soil foundation was then carried out on a shaking table while the foundation was numerically simulated using a lumped parameter model. The dynamic responses, including acceleration and shear force, were obtained under soft and hard soil conditions. The results show that the soil–structure interaction should be reasonably taken into account in the shaking table testing for structures. 相似文献
15.
考虑地基土液化影响的桩基高层建筑体系地震反应分析 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
本文建立了土体－结构体系地震反应分析的混合有限元法，并研究了地基土液化对地震反应的影响。本方法把土体－结构体系简化为一个完整的体系，该体系由梁（柱）单元、剪切杆单元、刚体单元、平面四边形等参单元与三角形单元、界面单元的任意组合来模拟。桩与上部结构材料视为线弹性体，土介质视为非线性材料。土的静应力－应变关系之间的非线性用邓肯一张模型来描述；土的动应力－应变关系之间的非线性和振动孔隙水压力对土的软化效 相似文献
16.
Qiang Wang Jin-Ting Wang Feng Jin Fu-Dong Chi Chu-Han Zhang 《Soil Dynamics and Earthquake Engineering》2011
Simulating dynamic soil–structure interaction (SSI) problems is a challenge when using a shaking table because of the semi-infinity of soil foundations. This paper develops real-time dynamic hybrid testing (RTDHT) for SSI problems in order to consider the radiation damping effect of the semi-infinite soil foundation using a shaking table. Based on the substructure concept, the superstructure is physically tested and the semi-infinite foundation is numerically simulated. Thus, the response of the entire system considering the dynamic SSI is obtained by coupling the numerical calculation of the soil and the physical test of the superstructure. A two-story shear frame on a rigid foundation was first tested to verify the developed RTDHT system, in which the top story was modeled as the physical substructure and the bottom story was the numerical substructure. The RTDHT for a two-story structure mounted on soil foundation was then carried out on a shaking table while the foundation was numerically simulated using a lumped parameter model. The dynamic responses, including acceleration and shear force, were obtained under soft and hard soil conditions. The results show that the soil–structure interaction should be reasonably taken into account in the shaking table testing for structures. 相似文献
17.
为了分析软土地基－筏基础核电厂房结构地震反应规律和特征,利用地震模拟振动台开展了软土地基－筏基础－核电厂房动力相互作用问题的试验研究。分别进行了表面水平土体模型和表面凹陷土体模型的运动相互作用试验、地基土－筏基础－核电厂房振动台相互作用试验、核电厂房直接固定在振动台面上的刚性基底振动台试验。试验采用圆形叠层剪切模型箱,地基土模型为某工程场地的均匀粉质粘土,其剪切波速为213 m/s;核电厂房简化为3层框架剪力墙结构模型。试验输入波形为美国核电规范常用的RG1.60反应谱合成得到的人工地震动时程。振动台试验结果对比分析表明:土－结构体系中系统的振动周期和阻尼明显大于刚性基底下结构的振动周期和阻尼;相同地震作用下在土－结构动力相互作用体系中结构加速度明显小于刚性基底下的结构加速度反应;而位移明显大于刚性基底下结构的位移。本文的研究成果可为软土地基建立核岛厂房的适应研究提供参考。 相似文献
18.
分层土-基础-高层框架结构相互作用体系振动台模型试验研究 总被引：30，自引：6，他引：30
本文设计实现了分层土－基础－高层框架结构相互作用体系的振动台模型试验，再现了地震动激励下上部结构和基础的震害现象和砂质粉土的液化现象。通过试验，研究了相互作用体系地震动反应的主要规律：由于动力相互作用的影响，软土地基中相互作用体系的频率小于不考虑结构－地基相互作用的结构频率，而阻尼比则大于结构材料阻尼比；体系的振型曲线与刚性地基上结构的振型曲线明显不同，基础处存在平动和转动。土层传递振动的放大或减振作用与土层性质、激励大小等因素有关，砂土层一般起放大作用，砂质粉土层一般起减振隔振作用；由于土体的隔震作用，上部结构接受的振动能量较小，各层反应均较小。上部结构顶层加速度反应组成取决于基础转动刚度、平动刚度和上部结构刚度的相对大小。 相似文献
19.
J. E. Luco 《地震工程与结构动力学》1976,4(3):207-219
A study is made of the torsional response of an elastic structure placed on a rigid circular foundation supported on an elastic half-space and subjected to the action of obliquely incident plane SH waves. The problem is solved by considering first the steady-state response of a massless rigid foundation excited externally by a harmonic torque and through the soil by an obliquely incident plane SH wave. In a second stage the coupling between the structure and the soil is considered to obtain the torsional response at the base and top of the superstructure. The results obtained indicate a range of conditions under which the torsional effects will be most pronounced. 相似文献