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1.
张彦  陈克龙  刘新宇 《岩矿测试》2007,26(2):117-120
在浙江长兴煤山全球二叠系一三叠系界线层型剖面中界线附近采集黏土岩样品。对其中的伊利石/蒙皂石成岩间层I/S进行K—Ar测年实验研究,来探讨沉积岩中自生伊利石K—Ar测年在确定沉积地层时代方面的可行性。结果表明,沉积岩中成岩间层I/S的K—Ar年龄在没有碎屑含钾矿物混入的情况下,比其对应的地层时代要年轻,其原因主要有两条,一是因为泥岩中的自生伊利石来自于蒙皂石的伊利石化,而蒙皂石的伊利石化受很多因素控制,需要一定的时间才能完成;另一原因是由于蒙皂石伊利石化过程中存在着放射性成因^40Ar的扩散丢失。  相似文献   

2.
岩石学观察和X射线衍射分析表明,伊利石是鄂尔多斯盆地东北部地区上古生界太原组砂岩储层中分布最广、含量最丰富的黏土矿物。显微观察识别出下述几种类型的伊利石:碎屑伊利石、具蒙皂石转化特征的伊利石、交代长石的伊利石、具高岭石过渡形貌的伊利石以及其他的自生伊利石。根据研究区太原组浅海沉积背景以及砂岩样品的组构、矿物学特征,认为一部分伊利石的成因与浅埋藏开放体系中大量外部来源的钾有关。而太原组砂岩中高岭石在数量上的缺失以及相关的岩相学特征则表明大部分伊利石应来自于深埋藏条件下钾长石与高岭石之间的反应。该过程是受到热力学与动力学控制的,早成岩期高K+/H+活度比的流体对钾长石的保存、伊利石化作用发生前长石向高岭石的转化以及相对较高的地层温度是其重要的控制条件。  相似文献   

3.
蒸发岩是海水/卤水蒸发浓缩的产物,不同的水化学环境下析出的蒸发岩类型不同,其在不同的地质历史时期都有分布,是重要的古海水和古环境记录载体。蒸发岩研究的主要问题包括:蒸发岩的物质来源、形成时代、蒸发盆地和卤水的演化历史、蒸发岩矿物所记录的环境变化。一些矿物、元素及同位素指标可用于解决这些问题,其中稳定同位素对于示踪蒸发岩的物质来源与形成过程具有不可替代的作用。近20年来,非传统稳定同位素地球化学获得快速发展,并在蒸发岩研究中获得成功应用,这些同位素体系包括阴离子元素B、Cl和Br,以及阳离子元素Mg、K和Ca。本文综述了多个非传统稳定同位素在蒸发岩领域的研究,主要包括:蒸发岩矿物与溶液之间的同位素分馏系数、蒸发岩的同位素信息重建古海水同位素组成及示踪蒸发岩成因和时代等。  相似文献   

4.
塔里木盆地共发现 8套砂岩油气储层 ,对其中的 5套典型砂岩油气储层进行了自生伊利石K Ar同位素测年分析与研究。利用该项技术对其成藏史进行初步探讨是本次研究的主要目的。中央隆起下志留统沥青砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 383.4 5~ 2 35 .17Ma ,表明志留系古油藏形成于加里东晚期—海西晚期 ;上泥盆统东河砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 6 3.82~ 2 31.34Ma ,表明东河砂岩油气藏主要形成于海西晚期 ;库车坳陷依南 2气田 (依南 2井 )下侏罗统阳霞组砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 8.0 8~ 2 3.85Ma ,表明油气充注发生在中新世以来 ;喀什凹陷阿克莫木气田 (阿克 1井 )下白垩统砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 2 .6 0~ 18.79Ma ,表明中新世可能有古油气运移或古油藏形成 ;库车坳陷迪那 2气藏 (迪那 2 0 1井 )古近系砂岩中的伊利石主要为碎屑成因 ,不能用于进行油气成藏史研究 ,但该气藏白垩系砂岩的自生伊利石年龄为 2 5 .4 9~ 15 .4 7Ma ,表明可能为中新世成藏。本次研究表明 ,该项技术在塔里木盆地初步显示出较好的应用效果 ,具有较为广阔的应用前景。  相似文献   

5.
利用自生伊利石K—Ar定年分析烃类进入储集层的时间   总被引:6,自引:0,他引:6  
王飞宇  张水昌 《地质论评》1997,43(5):540-546
烃类流体注入储层聚集成藏导致储层中自生矿物形成的抑或中止,成岩矿物同位素地质年代学分析提供了成岩矿物形成的准确时间,成岩事件年代学研究可用于定量分析油气藏形成时间。砂岩储层中自生伊利石仅在流动的富钾孔隙不介质环境下才能形成,烃类流体注入储层后伊利石形成便会中止,因此,烃类流体进入储层时间不可能早于自生伊利石的形成时间。  相似文献   

6.
利用自生伊利石K-Ar定年分析烃类进入储集层的时间   总被引:59,自引:1,他引:59  
烃类流体注入储层聚集成藏导致储层中自生矿物形成的抑或中止,成岩矿物同位素地质年代学分析提供了成岩矿物形成的准确时间,成岩事件年代学研究可用于定量分析油气藏形成时间。砂岩储层中自生伊利石仅在流动的富钾孔隙不介质环境下才能形成,烃类流体注入储层后伊利石形成便会中止,因此,烃类流体进入储层时间不可能早于自生伊利石的形成时间。  相似文献   

7.
南翼山构造地表狮子沟组发育混积岩,作为一种特殊类型的沉积岩,其研究具有一定的实际意义和科学价值。本文在野外观察和镜下鉴定的基础上,对南翼山混积岩样品进行了X衍射、主微量元素及碳氧同位素测试,分析了混积岩的岩石学特征,考虑到其成分和成因的复杂性,通过数据分析排除了多种干扰因素,最后利用有效指标综合判断了其沉积环境。结果显示:南翼山构造地表混积岩中陆源碎屑平均含量为58.7%,碳酸盐矿物含量为31.0%,属于碳酸盐质陆源碎屑岩,主要为钙质泥岩,其中碎屑矿物以细粉砂级石英为主,碳酸盐矿物主要为泥晶方解石,黏土矿物组合为伊利石和有序伊蒙混层,且三者呈均匀混合的特征。数据分析表明Ca、Na、Mn、Sr、Ba等元素主要来源于自生矿物,稀土元素及碳氧同位素组成未受成岩作用影响,可以作为判断沉积时水体盐度和氧化还原条件的指标。根据Sr/Cu比值和K2 O/Al 2O3比值,结合黏土矿物组合及伊利石结晶度和化学指数,判断地表混积岩沉积时为寒冷干旱的气候条件;Sr/Ba比值和Z值表明古水体介质为咸水环境;U/Th比值、自生U含量和Ce轻微负异常等指标综合判定其形成于弱氧化环境。以上研究表明,南翼山构造地表混积岩主要为陆源碎屑和碳酸盐矿物均匀混合的钙质泥岩,形成于寒冷干旱气候条件下的弱氧化咸水湖泊环境中。  相似文献   

8.
八角场气田煤型气藏的成藏过程研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
通过对八角场气田煤系地层研究发现,岩石中的有机包裹体大部分都充填在石英颗粒内的溶蚀孔或溶蚀缝中,石英次生加大边极少见,构造裂缝中没有包裹体。有机包裹体大小一般小于5μm,而且大多低于3μm,其丰度一般低于5%,主要为气态烃+盐水溶液二相和气态烃相。包裹体均一温度主峰在100~120℃。自生伊利石形成年龄分布为111~118Ma。香四段气藏的油气注入过程开始于中侏罗世晚期—晚侏罗世早期,早白垩世形成了大量包裹体,晚白垩世—喜山期包裹体的形成逐渐停止,自生伊利石停止生长。根据流体包裹体均一温度及自生伊利石年龄的分布,晚白垩世—喜山期为气藏形成的主要时期。   相似文献   

9.
粘土矿物研究在塔里木盆地石油勘探中的应用   总被引:2,自引:1,他引:1  
孙玉善  杨帆 《现代地质》1998,12(2):269-276
以塔里木盆地粘土矿物的分布特征及其组合形式、演化与形成机理为依据,探讨了粘土矿物在地层划分对比中的应用及其与有机质热演化、成岩阶段的关系和对储层物性的影响。研究表明,在侏罗系和白垩系两个不同古环境中形成的粘土矿物及其组合特征,为地层对比提供了一定的证据。泥岩中伊利石/蒙皂石间层中蒙皂石含量的纵向变化与有机质热演化及成岩阶段的关系不大。对储层物性影响不大但有利于储集性能的是以高岭石为主的粘土矿物组合类型及粘土矿物的早期自生(伊利石/蒙皂石间层矿物)衬垫式以及非自生(伊利石)衬垫式产状。  相似文献   

10.
根据化学热力学和流体动力学,探讨了莺歌海盆地东方区黄流组一段储层成岩机理、成岩模式及孔隙演化。研究表明:(1)成岩阶段参与反应的矿物主要有长石、高岭石、伊蒙混层、伊利石、石英以及少量的碳酸盐胶结物,来自于下伏地层的有机酸、高温热流体及超压为矿物反应提供了高温高压的酸性流体环境。(2)同生-早成岩A期,系统开放,地层温度在70℃以下,高岭石、蒙皂石伊利石化,驱使不稳定的斜长石大量溶蚀,钾长石得以保存,石英部分加大,局部碳酸盐沉淀,孔隙演化趋势为先减少后稳定。早成岩B期-中成岩A期,系统半封闭,地层温度70~140℃,高温高压的酸性环境下钾长石大量溶蚀,并驱使蒙皂石继续向伊利石转化,钠长石大量保存,SiO_2沉淀,孔隙演化趋势呈稳定的减少态势;中成岩B期以后,系统封闭,地层温度约140℃,高岭石和钾长石直接反应,生成伊利石,钾长石基本消耗殆尽,高岭石与伊利石共存,大量钠长石剩余,部分石英加大边呈港湾状溶蚀,孔隙演化曲线出现局部回春。  相似文献   

11.
The Silurian bituminous sandstones(SBS) in the Tarim Basin, China are important basinwide reservoirs with an estimated area of approximately 249000 km2. We investigated the ages of authigenic illites in the SBS reservoirs and constrained their formation timing by using the ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar step wise heating method. The age spectra, ~(39)Ar recoil loss and their controlling factors were investigated systematically. The ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar ages were compared with the conventional K/Ar ages of identical clay fractions. The clay in the SBS reservoirs is dominated by orderly mixed-layer illite/smectite(I/S) with 5%–30% smectite layers. The I/S minerals morphology comprises primarily honeycomb, short filamentous and curved-lath particles, characteristic of authigenic illites. The unencapsulated ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar total gas ages(UTGA) of the authigenic illites range from 188.56 ± 6.20 Ma to 491.86 ± 27.68 Ma, which are 7% to 103% older than the corresponding K/Ar ages of 124.87 ± 1.11 Ma to 383.45 ± 2.80 Ma, respectively. The K-Ar ages indicate multistage accumulations with distinct distribution patterns in the Tarim Basin: older(late Caledonian-early Hercynian) around the basin margin, younger(late Hercynian) in the basin centre, and the youngest(middle to late Yanshanian) in the Ha-6 well-block, central area of the North Uplift. The age difference is believed to have been caused by the ~(39)Ar recoil loss during the irradiation process. Compared with the K/Ar ages, the estimated ~(39)Ar recoil losses in this study are in the range from 7% to 51%. The ~(39)Ar recoil loss appears to increase not only with the decreasing particle sizes of the I/S, but also with increasing percentage of smectite layers(IR) of the I/S, and smectite layer content(SLC) of the samples. We conclude that due to significant ~(39)Ar recoil losses, UTGA may not offer any meaningful geological ages of the authigenic illite formation in the SBS and thus can not be used to represent the hydrocarbon charge timing. ~(39)Ar recoil losses during ~(40)Ar/~(39)Ar dating can not be neglected when dating fine authigenic illite, especially when the ordered mixed-layer I/S containing small amount of smectite layers(IR30%) in the reservoir formations. Compared with the unencapsulated Ar-Ar method, the conventional K-Ar method is less complicated, more accurate and reliable in dating authigenic illites in petroleum reservoirs.  相似文献   

12.
沉积岩中成岩伊利石年龄测定研究进展   总被引:5,自引:0,他引:5  
伊利石的形成与盆地的沉积和热演化有密切关系,它可以指示油气的形成时代,因此测定成岩伊利石的形成年龄是一个重要的课题。碎屑伊利石往往与成岩伊利石共生,导致样品的年龄远远大于成岩伊利石的真实年龄。为了有效地分离成岩和碎屑伊利石,需要使用IAA法和烷基胺阳离子取代法等,结合真空密封法等其他技术,能够得到更好的效果。并介绍了国外伊利石定年的研究现状。  相似文献   

13.
张有瑜  罗修泉  宋健 《现代地质》2002,16(4):403-407
对油气储层中自生伊利石K Ar体系产生影响的有关问题如砂岩岩性、伊利石 /蒙皂石间层矿物的间层比和绿泥石进行了初步试验和讨论。结果表明 :中、细砂岩的应用效果相对较好 ,粉砂岩、泥质粉砂岩则难度较大 ;I/S有序间层的应用效果相对较好 ,I/S无序间层则难度较大 ;绿泥石对自生伊利石K Ar体系测年结果的影响不明显。油气注入可能是引起伊利石成岩作用终止的原因之一。最后对各种典型年龄剖面可能的成因解释进行了简要介绍和初步探讨。  相似文献   

14.
油气成藏年代学研究进展及发展趋势   总被引:51,自引:3,他引:51  
成藏年代学是当代石油地质学的一个前沿领域。80年代以来,随着油藏地球化学、流体包裹体方法、同位素测年法、油气水界面追溯法等多种新方法或新技术的引入,成藏年代学研究取得了重要进展,实现了由传统的间接向直接研究、宏观向微观研究,以及定性向定量(或定期向定年)研究的重要转变。间接研究与直接研究相结合、宏观与微观研究相结合、定性与定量(或定期与定年)研究相结合,已成为现代成藏年代学研究发展的重要趋势,这对于叠合盆地的成藏年代与成藏史研究尤为必要。就各种成藏年代学研究方法的应用及其存在的问题进行了简要分析和讨论。  相似文献   

15.
为了确定鄂尔多斯盆地苏里格气田的成藏年代,通过提取砂岩储层中的黏土质填隙物,分离分级成 < 0.5、0.5~1.0、1.0~2.0μm的分样品,进行伊利石激光阶段加热40Ar-39Ar定年.等时线年龄是自生伊利石与碎屑伊利石的混合年龄.通过趋势分析和回归分析分别获得极小的趋势年龄和极小的回归年龄,该年龄比较接近自生伊利石年龄.测试结果表明,伊利石的等时线年龄介于160.9~232.0 Ma之间,为自生伊利石与碎屑伊利石的混合年龄.采用数理统计方法获得极小趋势年龄和极小回归年龄分别为151.7 Ma和152.4 Ma,该年龄比较接近自生伊利石年龄,代表了热流体活动和油气成藏时间.   相似文献   

16.
Abstract This paper discusses the Rb-Sr geochemical behaviour of illites in the sedimentary process, and points out that illites of the 1md and 1m types could reach Sr-isotopic equilibrium with its environmental medium during the sedimentary process and initial stage of diagenesis, and illite grains of different sizes have various Rb contents. A new dating method for sedimentary rocks—a dating model of illite grain Rb-Sr isochron—is established, in consideration of the geochemical process of Sr-isotopic homogenization and differentiation in the course of their formation and evolution. In addition, the paper concerns the application of the dating model to the Precambrian unmetamorphosed sedimentary rocks in western Henan Province, which gives satisfactory results coincident with the geological facts.  相似文献   

17.
In the Ordos basin, two distinct thermal events of different ages have been identified for the first time by means of K-Ar dating combined with illite crystallinity analysis. For the Late Triassic and Late Permian samples, the K-Ar ages of the < 0.2μm fractions (159-173 Ma) reflect an illitization age related to the Yanshanian movement and indicate a short thermal event in the Middle Jurassic; the K-Ar ages of the <2 μm fractions (210-308 Ma) are interpreted as mixed ages of detrital material and authigenic illites. The K-Ar ages of both < 0.2μm and < 2μm fractions of a Middle Cambrian sample (368 Ma and 419 Ma) correspond to the ages of the metamorphism and earliest granite intrusion in the northern Caledonian Qinling fold zone (380-420 Ma) and show a thermal event during Silurian-Devonian time.  相似文献   

18.
根据伊利石K-Ar测年法研究,确定鄂尔多斯盆地存在两期与构造运动有关的成岩作用事件:即与早期燕山运动有关的侏罗纪(170—160Ma)和与晚期加里东运动有关的志留-泥盆纪(420-370Ma)成岩作用时代。为了揭示碎屑物质对K-Ar年龄的影响和伊利石成岩作用的机制,本文提出了一个通过观察K-Ar年龄随深度变化的趋势来进行判断的模式。在K-Ar年龄小于地层时代的条件下,K-Ar年龄与深度呈正相关,或者很相近的K-Ar年龄与深度变化无关均标志着没有或很少有碎屑物质的影响;同时,前者指示逐渐埋藏条件下的成岩作用,而后者则反映短暂的热事件引起的成岩作用事件。  相似文献   

19.
Isotopic age determination of fluid events in basement fractures is of prime importance for the reconstruction of paleo-hydraulic regimes. However, material from fracture or wall-rock is not generally easily dated. In the case of fractures filled by minerals such as phyllosilicates, it can be expected that subsequent fluid circulation may cause partial alteration or recrystallization of the previous phyllosilicates, disturbing the isotope signature. Using a specific methodology, including the extraction process without contamination of the finest (<0.2 μm) authigenic fractions, identification of clay fractions by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and electron microprobe, analysis of stable isotope composition (D/H, δ18O) and K-Ar dating, fluid event ages can be estimated. This methodology was applied to the northwestern margin of the French Massif Central, where basinal brines have interacted with the sedimentary cover (infra-Toarcian formations) and the fractured Hercynian crystalline basement. During periods of unknown age, precipitates from brines sealed most basement fractures as carbonates, and a recrystallization of early Hercynian phengite (+chlorite) into illite and illite/smectite minerals occurred in the earlier fractures.XRD patterns show that the clay fraction is dominated by illite and ordered mixed-layer minerals having a relatively high amount of illite (I-S R3). In the shallowest samples beneath the paleo-surface, a late assemblage is identified as a mixture of I-S minerals, a part of them being characterized by significant amounts of swelling layers (I-S R0).The δD values of the clay fractions are fairly constant around −50 ± 10‰, but δ18O values of the same clay fractions display a wide range from 8‰ to 18‰ (SMOW). The study of the size fractions between 2 and 0.2 μm reveals a correlation between K-Ar ages and δ18O values, which cannot be related to a change in the relative amounts of clay minerals. Deep fractures (at depths of 570 and 923 m) are characterized by δ18O values around 10.3 ± 0.4‰ SMOW and old ages ranging from 253 to 272 Ma. The finest fractions (<0.2 μm) of clays located at shallow level (<300 m) beneath the paleo-surface yield the highest δ18O values (15.7-18.2‰) and the youngest K-Ar dates (188 to 198 Ma). These dates are likely to record the extensional episode and thermal anomaly related to the rifting of central Atlantic Ocean (c. 190 Ma). The other important thermal/extensional episode which affected the Aquitaine Basin, namely the opening of the Gascogne gulf at c. 120 Ma, is not detected by the K-Ar method on the clay fractions. We believe that resetting of clay-type K-Ar ages linked to recrystallization was favoured in the upper part of the basement where the ancient (Hercynian) clay minerals were destabilized by subaerial low-temperature alteration during Permo-Triassic times.From a methodologic point of view, the analytical characterization of several size fractions of clays from reactivated fractures, using both stable isotope geochemistry and K-Ar isotope geochemistry, can be considered as a powerful tool for dating fluid events when no suitable material for conventional methods is available.  相似文献   

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