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1.
样品量的大小对铜锌同位素测定值的影响 总被引：4，自引：4，他引：0
利用多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱法测定铜、锌同位素比值时,样品量的大小对其同位素测定值存在一定的影响。本研究中使用不同量的实验室标准溶液(CAGS-Cu、CAGS-Zn)过柱,并以该标准溶液为基准,采用标准-样品交叉法测定铜、锌同位素比值。结果表明,当铜、锌的样品量小到一定程度时,其同位素测定值偏离真值;当铜、锌的样品量足够大时,其同位素测定值趋于真值。流程本底对同位素测定值的影响可忽略不计,同时也不存在同质异位素干扰,说明这一现象极可能来自所用试剂和离子交换树脂的杂质组分产生的基质效应。在本文报道的实验条件下,当铜的样品量≥4μg、锌的样品量≥1μg时才能够确保铜、锌同位素测定结果的准确性。这一现象是否在其他同位素体系的测试过程存在,是个值得注意的问题。 相似文献
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AG MP-1阴离子交换树脂元素分离方法研究 总被引：20，自引：1，他引：19
在用多接收器等离子体质谱仪（MC—ICP—MS）测定过渡族元素同位素时,需要对待测样品进行分离纯化。目前,人们常用AGMP-1阴离子交换树脂在不同浓度的HCl和HNO,介质中依次分离出Cu,Fe和zn。为详细了解样品中基体元素与AGMP-1阴离子交换树脂的作用以及它们在该树脂中的淋洗过程,根据金属阳离子与Cl^-形成络合物的稳定性及它们与阴离子交换树脂的亲和力,对利用AGMP-1进行Cu和Fe分离过程中基质元素的行为进行了实验研究。结果表明,除Co外,在7mol／LHCl条件下,地质样品中基体元素（包括cr和Ni）能与Cu,Fe进行很好的分离。不同酸度下的实验研究表明,在6mol／LHCl条件下,可以将Cu和Co进行很好的分离。为此提出,对于基质元素含量较少的样品（如硫化物、氧化物、氢氧化物等）,可直接用6mol／LHCl进行样品分离。由于这类样品中K,Na,Ca,Mg,A1等元素含量较低,在Cu被洗脱前已被彻底淋洗,该方法可将Cu和包括Co在内的基质元素进行理想的分离。对于含Co较高的部分硅酸盐等样品,则应先用7mol／LHCl分离出Cu接收液,之后过二遍柱,以6mol／LHCl作淋洗液,去掉Co。建立的分离方法还可应用于Ca,Mg同位素的前期分离纯化 相似文献
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锆石Hf同位素组成的LAM-MC-ICPMS精确测定 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：23
在配备了NewWaveMerchantekLUV213型紫外激光探针进样系统的Isoprobe型MC—ICPMS上进行了溶液和锆石单矿物的Hf同位素比值测定，并对^176Yb和^176Lu对^176Hf的同质异位素干扰校正进行了试验。结果表明，由于自然界Lu的丰度远远小于Yb，所以^176Hf的同质异位素干扰主要来自^176Yb。当Yb／Hf较低时，可以通过同质异位素干扰校正直接难确测定出^176Hf／^177Hf比值；当Yb／Hf比值较高时，则需要进行同质异位素干扰校正和外部校正来获得难确的^176Hf／^177Hf比值。因此，用LAM—MC-ICPMS可以难确、快速地测定锆石的Hf同位素组成。 相似文献
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绿片岩-低角闪岩相变质条件下磁铁矿与黄铁矿间的Fe同位素分馏 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对辽宁省鞍山-本溪地区经历了绿片岩-低角闪岩相变质的新太古代条带状铁建造中磁铁矿和黄铁矿矿物对的Fe同位素分析结果显示：相对于标准IRMM-014,所有样品的磁铁矿和黄铁矿均显示Fe的重同位素富集;且黄铁矿的Fe同位素比值均大于磁铁矿的Fe同位素比值（ε^57 Fe黄铁矿〉ε^57 Fe磁铁矿）,两种矿物的Fe同位素比值之差为△^57 Fe黄铁矿-磁铁矿=2．23-5．13。黄铁矿富集铁的重同位素表明矿物的Fe同位素组成并不代表其原始沉积的特征,而是在区域变质作用过程中Fe同位素发生了交换的结果。由同位素平衡判别图解可知,在绿片岩-低角闪岩相变质作用中,磁铁矿-黄铁矿间的Fe同位素基本达到了平衡,且在平衡条件下黄铁矿比磁铁矿更富集Fe的重同位素,二者之间的Fe同位素平衡分馏系数口黄铁矿-磁铁矿≈1．0004‰±0．06‰（2σ）。这一研究成果是对变质作用过程中Fe同位素的地球化学行为认识的重要进展。 相似文献
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微量地质样品铼锇含量及其同位素组成的高精度测定方法 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：4
报道了采用新型IsoProbe—T热电离质谱计测定Os含量及其同位素组成和Neptune多接收器等离子体质谱仪（MC—ICPMS）测定Re含量的分析方法。样品化学处理采用Carius管溶样、小型蒸馏法分离和微蒸馏法纯化提取Os以及阴离子树脂交换分离Re的方法。采用IsoProbe—T质谱计测定Os同位素组成具有灵敏度高和精度高的特点。对溶液标样，采用多法拉第接收器系统测定Os总量低至0．2ng的样品时，平均^192Os^16O3-离子流强度可达100mV以上并可维持约20min，其^187Os／^188Os同位素比值的测定精度可优于0．1％（1RSD）。采用所建立的化学分离流程和高精度质谱测量方法，测定了铂族元素橄榄岩标样WPR-1中Re、Os含量和Os同位素组成，测定结果与文献报道值在误差范围内吻合。 相似文献
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利用多接收电感耦合等离子体质谱仪测定Mg同位素比值时,样品溶液中的基质元素可影响Mg同位素比值的准确测定。根据白云鄂博样品富含REE、Nb、Fe(REE质量分数可达10%、Nb质量分数可达0.1%)等元素的特性,本研究在评估测试溶液中Nd(REE)、Mn元素质量比对Mg同位素比值影响的基础上,建立了适用于富含REE、Nb、Fe等元素的特殊样品中Mg同位素的化学纯化方法。研究表明,当m（Nd）/m（Mg）>0.2、m（Mn）/m（Mg）>0.2时,REE和Mn的存在明显影响Mg同位素测定值的准确性,应予以去除。所建纯化方法首先是利用AG MP-1阴离子交换树脂,以10 mol/L HCl+0.001% H2O2溶液为上样介质和淋洗液,接取前2.5 mL淋洗液,去除样品中 Fe、Mn等杂质元素;然后利用AG50W-X12阳离子交换树脂,以2 mol/L HCl为上样介质和淋洗液,去除REE、Nb等杂质元素。所建方法满足多接收器等离子体质谱进行高REE-Nb-Fe-Mn样品中Mg同位素测定的要求。 相似文献
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铁同位素的MC-ICP-MS测定方法与地质标准物质的铁同位素组成 总被引：22，自引：5，他引：17
详细报道了在低分辨和高分辨模式下运用MC-ICP-MS进行Fe同位素比值高精度测试的方法,对Fe同位素测定过程中谱峰干扰、基质效应、浓度效应、仪器测试的长期重现性等问题进行了评估,并对两种运行模式的测试结果进行了对比.在95%的可信度范围内,所建方法的外部精度优于0.5ε/ainu,达到国际同类实验室的先进水平,并且低分辨和高分辨两种模式下获得的Fe同位素测试结果是一致的.在此基础上对国家地质标准物质GBW07105(玄武岩)和GBW 07111(花岗闪长岩)进行了Fe同位素测定.相对于Fe同位素国际标样IRMM-014,GBW07105的Fe同位素成分为:ε57Fe=1.9±0.3(20),ε56Fe=1.3±0.2(2σ),ε57/56Fe=0.6±0.1(2σ);GBW 07111的Fe同位素成分为:ε57Fe=1.8±0.4(2σ),ε56Fe=1.2±0.2(2σ),ε57/56Fe=0.6±0.1(2σ). 相似文献
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Development of Cu and Zn Isotope MC-ICP-MS Measurements: Application to Suspended Particulate Matter and Sediments from the Scheldt Estuary 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Jérôme C.J. Petit Jeroen de Jong Lei Chou Nadine Mattielli 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2008,32(2):149-166
The present study evaluates several critical issues related to precision and accuracy of Cu and Zn isotopic measurements with application to estuarine particulate materials. Calibration of reference materials (such as the IRMM 3702 Zn) against the JMC Zn and NIST Cu reference materials were performed in wet and/or dry plasma modes (Aridus I and DSN‐100) on a Nu Plasma MC‐ICP‐MS. Different mass bias correction methods were compared. More than 100 analyses of certified reference materials suggested that the sample‐calibrator bracketing correction and the empirical external normalisation methods provide the most reliable corrections, with long term external precisions of 0.06 and 0.07‰ (2SD), respectively. Investigation of the effect of variable analyte to spike concentration ratios on Zn and Cu isotopic determinations indicated that the accuracy of Cu measurements in dry plasma is very sensitive to the relative Cu and Zn concentrations, with deviations of δ65Cu from ?0.4‰ (Cu/Zn = 4) to +0.4‰ (Cu/Zn = 0.2). A quantitative assessment (with instrumental mass bias corrections) of spectral and non‐spectral interferences (Ti, Cr, Co, Fe, Ca, Mg, Na) was performed. Titanium and Cr were the most severe interfering constituents, contributing to inaccuracies of ?5.1‰ and +0.60‰ on δ68/64Zn, respectively (for 500 μg l?1 Cu and Zn standard solutions spiked with 1000 μg l?1 of Ti or Cr). Preliminary isotopic results were obtained on contrasting sediment matrices from the Scheldt estuary. Significant isotopic fractionation of zinc (from 0.21‰ to 1.13‰ for δ66Zn) and copper (from ?0.38‰ to 0.23‰ for δ65Cu), suggest a control by physical mixing of continental and marine water masses, characterized by distinct Cu and Zn isotopic signatures. These results provide a stepping‐stone to further evaluate the use of Cu and Zn isotopes as biogeochemical tracers in estuarine environments. 相似文献
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铅锌矿床地质样品的Ge同位素预处理方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前Ge同位素研究主要局限于地球有机质(煤等)、火成岩及陨石样品,作为Ge重要储库之一的铅锌矿床,其Ge同位素的研究涉及较少。铅锌矿床样品中Ge的化学分离及提纯是Ge同位素研究的基础。本文详细考察了陨石样品中Ge同位素预处理方法(分离和提纯)对铅锌矿石样品的适用性。阴离子条件实验说明,目前普遍采用的离子交换树脂单柱法虽然对铅锌矿样品中Fe、Se等元素的剔除效果理想,但无法有效剔除其中的Zn,当Zn/Ge比值大于3时,样品必须经过阳离子交换树脂柱作进一步处理剔除Zn。通过对闪锌矿标准样品、锌矿石标准样品的条件实验以及实际闪锌矿样品对条件结果的验证显示,当闪锌矿的称样量为0.15 g左右时,仅需将前人对玄武岩等样品Ge同位素处理方法中阴离子树脂洗脱酸(1.4 mol/L硝酸)的用量6 mL调整为10 mL,而阳离子树脂洗脱方法保持不变,此方法即满足闪锌矿样品Ge同位素的化学分离和提纯要求。样品经过本文推荐的阴阳离子交换树脂双柱法处理后,主要干扰元素(Fe、Zn、Se、Ni)及基质元素的剔除率接近100%,Ge的回收率优于99%。而前人对玄武岩等样品的Ge同位素处理方法中,主要干扰元素(Fe、Zn、Se、Ni)及基质元素的剔除效果亦较好,但Ge的回收率仅为97.3%,比本文推荐方法的Ge回收率要差。利用MC-ICP-MS对Ge化学分离和提纯后的富乐铅锌矿床闪锌矿样品的检验结果显示,测试过程中未见同质异位素以及可能的多原子离子影响,样品中Ge同位素符合质量分馏定律,经过调整后的阴阳离子交换树脂双柱法满足闪锌矿样品的Ge同位素测试要求。 相似文献
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向pH值为 9的盐岩溶液中加入毫克量的铁为捕集剂 ,对 10 -9级的微量元素锌、铅、钴等十几种元素进行沉淀分离 ,有效地消除了ICP -AES法测定过程中大量的碱金属和碱土金属等离子的干扰 ,用干扰校正法校正铁和镁的影响 ,测定盐岩中的微量元素取得了较好的效果。经用标准回收法验证 ,对该方法测定结果的精密度和准确度满意。 相似文献
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准噶尔盆地东南缘芦草沟组油页岩元素地球化学特征及沉积环境指示意义 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文通过XRF和ICP-MS测试方法对油页岩样品进行测试,根据常量元素和微量元素特征、组分含量及某些元素的比值,探讨了研究区油页岩样品的地球化学特征,进一步阐述了其沉积环境的指示意义.结果表明,P和B元素强烈富集,相当硼及古盐度值都表明属于半咸水沉积环境,B/Ga、Sr/Ba值也说明受到海水影响或间歇性受海水影响,沉积环境以半咸水湖泊为主;Fe2+/Fe3+、V/(V+Ni)、V/Ni、Cu/Zn、Ni/Co和U/Th值及Ni的含量说明沉积环境为咸化的弱还原—还原环境;Mn/Fe和Mn/Ti值也较小,反映近岸的沉积环境;Sr/Cu表明主力油页岩形成时期处于温湿—干热气候.总体上反映出,研究区油页岩的沉积介质环境的显著特征是半咸水状态的弱还原—还原环境. 相似文献
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《Applied Geochemistry》1998,13(2):213-233
Porewater concentration profiles were determined for Fe, trace elements (As, Cd, Co, Cu, Mn, Ni, Pb, Zn), sulfide, SO4 and pH in two Canadian Shield lakes (Chevreuil and Clearwater). Profiles of pyrite, sedimentary trace elements associated with pyrite and AVS were also obtained at the same sites. Thermodynamic calculations are used, for the anoxic porewaters where sulfide was measured, to characterize diagenetic processes involving sulfide and trace elements and to illustrate the importance of sulfide, and possibly polysulfides and thiols, in binding trace elements. The ion activity products (IAP) of Fe sulfide agree with the solubility products (Ks) of greigite or mackinawite. For Co, Ni and Zn, IAP values are close to the KS values of their sulfide precipitates; for Cu and Pb, IAP/Ks indicate large oversaturations, which can be explained by the presence of other ligands (not measured) such as polysulfides (Cu) and thiols (Pb). Cobalt, Cu, Ni and Zn porewater profiles generally display a decrease in concentration with increasing ΣH2S, as expected for transition metals, whereas Cd, Pb and Zn show an increase (mobilisation). The results suggest that removal of trace elements from anoxic porewaters occurs by coprecipitation (As and Mn) with FeS(s) and/or adsorption (As and Mn) on FeS(s), and by formation of discrete solid sulfides (Cd, Cu, Ni, Pb, Zn and Co). Reactive Fe is extensively sulfidized (51–65%) in both lakes, mostly as pyrite, but also as AVS. Similarities between As, Co, Cu and Ni to Fe ratios in pyrite and their corresponding mean diffusive flux ratios suggest that pyrite is an important sink at depth for these trace elements. High molar ratios of trace elements to Fe in pyrite from Clearwater Lake correspond chronologically to the onset of smelting activities. AVS can be an important reservoir of reactive As, Cd and Ni and, to a lesser extent, of Co, Cu and Pb. Overall, the trace elements most extensively sulfidized were Ni, Cd and As (maximum of 100%, 81% and 49% of the reactive fraction, respectively), whereas Co, Cu, Mn, Pb and Zn were only moderately sulfidized (11–16%). 相似文献
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Jérôme C. J. Petit Aurélien Taillez Nadine Mattielli 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2013,37(3):319-335
Mathematical modelling was combined with experimental Cu isotope measurements to demonstrate the effect of the sample matrix in changing the absolute and relative abundances of spectral interferences from Ti and Cr species. This unforeseen non‐spectral effect, evidenced by variable inaccuracies of the different Zn‐normalised Cu isotope ratios, was investigated by comparing real sedimentary samples and artificial solutions intended to match the Cu:Ti:Cr ratios of the real samples after (one or two step) chromatographic processing. Artificial solutions showed positive bias in δ65CuX/Y with the magnitude depending on (a) the 6XZn/6YZn ratio used for normalisation, (b) the Ti/Cu ratio and (c) the transmission coefficient of the TiO species. In contrast, real samples showed different δ65CuX/Y patterns and displayed a more complex population of Ti and Cr oxides and hydroxides, giving rise to positive and negative inaccuracies that were two to six times higher compared with the artificial samples. The results evidence contrasting behaviour of Ti and Cr when forming polyatomic species in the plasma and stress that artificial solutions may fail to predict how residual elements interact with the analyte/dopant pair during MC‐ICP‐MS analyses. More importantly, the study shows that all Zn isotope ratios do not have the same merit in correcting for mass bias in the presence of matrix elements and should all be monitored to verify the absence of spectral interferences for Cu isotope measurements. In this respect, accurate Cu data could be generally obtained by a two‐step chromatographic purification providing a minimum reduction of ~ 21000 and ~ 3000 times the initial amounts of Ti and Cr, respectively. 相似文献
18.
Michael Owor Tina Hartwig Andrew Muwanga Dieter Zachmann Walter Pohl 《Environmental Geology》2007,51(6):1065-1075
The abandoned Kilembe copper mine in western Uganda is a source of contaminants, mobilised from mine tailings into R. Rukoki
flowing through a belt of wetlands into Lake George. Water and sediments were investigated on the lakeshore and the lakebed.
Metal associations in the sediments reflect the Kilembe sulphide mineralisation. Enrichment of metals was compared between
lakebed sediments, both for wet and dry seasons. Total C in a lakebed core shows a general increment, while Cu and Co decrease
with depth. The contaminants are predominant (> 65%) in the ≤ 63 μm sediment size range with elevated Cu and Zn (> 28%), while
Ni, Pb and Co are low (< 18%) in all the fractions. Sequential extraction of Fe for lakeshore sediment samples reveals low
Fe mobility. Relatively higher mobility and biological availability is seen for Co, Cu and S. Heavy metal contents in lake
waters are not an immediate risk to the aquatic environment. 相似文献
19.
玄武岩标准样品铁铜锌同位素组成 总被引：7，自引：7，他引：0
报道了三种玄武岩标准样品(BCR-2、BIR-1a和GBW 07105)的铁铜锌同位素数据。实验使用HNO3-HF混合酸消解玄武岩标准样品;AGMP-1阴离子交换树脂分离提纯样品中的铜铁锌,利用多接收等离子体质谱仪(MC-ICPMS)测定铁铜锌同位素比值,分析过程中使用样品-标准-样品交叉法校正仪器的质量分馏。实验得到BCR-2、BIR-1a和GBW 07105标准样品的高精度铁铜锌同位素组成(95%置信水平的不确定度)分别为:δ56FeBCR-2-IRMM014=0.070‰±0.018‰(2SD),δ65 CuBCR-2-SRM976=0.16‰±0.04‰(2SD),δ66 ZnBCR-2-IRMM3702=-0.072‰±0.020‰(2SD);δ56 FeBIR-1a-IRMM014=0.044‰±0.026‰(2SD),δ65CuBIR-1a-SRM976=0.027‰±0.019‰(2SD),δ66 ZnBIR-1a-IRMM3702=0.085‰±0.032‰(2SD);δ56FeGBW 07105-IRMM014=0.126‰±0.039‰(2SD),δ65 CuGBW 07105-SRM976=0.12‰±0.01‰(2SD),δ66ZnGBW 07105-IRMM3702=0.22‰±0.03‰(2SD)。这些数据在误差(不确定度)范围内与国际上已发表的数据是一致的。三个玄武岩标准样品的铁铜锌同位素组成数据的发表为铁铜锌同位素研究提供了统一的标准,使地质样品的铁铜锌同位素数据的质量监控成为可能。 相似文献
20.
Kirsten Moeller Ronny Schoenberg Rolf‐Birger Pedersen Dominik Weiss Shuofei Dong 《Geostandards and Geoanalytical Research》2012,36(2):177-199
The commonly used, but no longer available, reference materials NIST SRM 976 (Cu) and ‘JMC Lyon’ (Zn) were calibrated against the new reference materials ERM®‐AE633, ERM®‐AE647 (Cu) and IRMM‐3702 (Zn), certified for isotope amount ratios. This cross‐calibration of new with old reference materials provides a continuous and reliable comparability of already published with future Cu and Zn isotope data. The Cu isotope amount ratio of NIST SRM 976 yielded δ65/63Cu values of ?0.01 ± 0.05‰ and ?0.21 ± 0.05‰ relative to ERM®‐AE633 and ERM®‐AE647, respectively, and a δ66/64ZnIRMM‐3702 value of ?0.29 ± 0.05‰ was determined for ‘JMC Lyon’. Furthermore, we separated Cu and Zn from five geological reference materials (BCR‐2, BHVO‐2, BIR‐1, AGV‐1 and G‐2) using a two‐step ion‐exchange chromatographic procedure. Possible isotope fractionation of Cu during chromatographic purification and introduction of resin‐ and/or matrix‐induced interferences were assessed by enriched 65Cu isotope addition. Instrumental mass bias correction for the isotope ratio determinations by MC‐ICP‐MS was performed using calibrator‐sample bracketing with internal Ni doping for Cu and a double spike approach for Zn. Our results for the five geological reference materials were in very good agreement with literature data, confirming the accuracy and applicability of our analytical protocol. 相似文献