210Po-210Pb活度不平衡鉴年法测定北极冰区表层冰雪年龄     

钟强强  王求贵  于涛  黄德坤  王浩  陈随缘 《海洋学报》2022,44(9):63-72

远离河流和大陆的北冰洋冰区,大气沉降是210Po、210Bi、210Pb和7Be核素等最重要的来源。降雪一旦形成即被标记具有特定的210Po/210Pb活度比值,并降落到海冰表面,进入封闭状态。在封闭体系的冰雪中,随着时间推移,210Po从相对于210Pb强烈亏损的状态逐渐达到210Po-210Pb平衡状态。因此可以通过分析北冰洋表层冰雪中210Po-210Pb活度不平衡特征,量化冰区表层冰雪的表观年龄。本文搜集整理了北极地区气溶胶的210Po/210Pb活度比值,结合2018年中国第9次北极科学考察航次和2015年美国GEOTRACES 北冰洋航次中若干冰站表层冰雪的210Po/210Pb活度比特征,估算了北冰洋表层冰雪的表观年龄。结果表明,2018年中国冰站采集的表层冰雪年龄变化范围为106～272 d,远大于2015年美国冰站采集的表层冰雪的年龄;而两国冰站表层冰雪的年龄都呈现一定的纬度效应,即随着采样站位越靠近北极点,总体上表层冰雪的年龄呈现越来越大的特点,表明北极冰区表层冰雪越靠近北极点,表层冰雪被保留的时间会越长。210Po-210Pb 活度不平衡定年法可以作为一种评估北冰洋冰雪年龄的方法并与遥感技术协同使用。  相似文献   

青岛市⁷Be, ²¹⁰Pb 和²¹⁰Po大气沉降通量的测定   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

易勇  白洁  刘广山  杨伟锋  易齐涛  黄奕普  陈洪涛 《海洋科学》2005,29(12):20-24

运用本实验室建立的大气沉降中7Be,210Pb的γ谱分析方法和210Po的α谱分析方法,测定了青岛大气沉降通量.结果表明,青岛市2002年4～11月大气沉降的7Be和210Pb通量平均为1.67和0.32 Bq/(m2·d);2004年5～9月7Be,210Pb和210Po通量平均值为2.15,0.51和0.083 Bq/(m2·d).  相似文献   

基于⁷Be、²¹⁰Pb和²¹⁰Po的厦门岛沿岸地区大气过程示踪研究及辐射剂量评估          下载免费PDF全文

门武  林静  王芬芬  尹明端 《应用海洋学学报》2016,35(2):266-274

本研究测定了2015年1~7月厦门市大气气溶胶中的7Be、210Pb和210Po,利用多核素联合示踪研究了相关的大气过程.结果表明7Be和210Pb在1、3和4月份具有较高的活度水平和较大的活度变化范围,在6~7月份降低到相对较低的活度水平和一个相对较小的变化范围,不同的气团来源、对流混合及清除机制是其主要的控制因素.相对于7Be,7Be和210Pb同位素对对臭氧(O3)具有更好的相关关系.基于210Pb和210Po的数据计算出厦门市大气气溶胶停留时间为21~188 d,平均值为87 d.通过辐射剂量评估发现这3种放射性核素对人体所产生的年待积有效剂量仅为5.31μSv,近似为天然辐射本底的千分之一.  相似文献   

北太平洋亚热带环流区表层水的210Po/210Pb不平衡     

马嫱  陈敏  杨伟锋  邱雨生  黄奕普 《台湾海峡》2013,32(1):3-12

对北太平洋亚热带环流区表层水中溶解态(＜0.2 μm)和颗粒态(≥0.2 μm)210 Po、210pb的含量、分布、停留时间及其在颗粒物清除迁出过程中的分馏效应开展了研究,结果表明,研究海域表层水中溶解态210Po、210Pb的比活度分别介于0.14 ～3.75和1.41 ～6.87 Bq/m3之间;颗粒态210Po、210Pb的比活度分别介于0.35 ～ 2.49和0.18 ～3.18 Bq/m3之间.溶解相和颗粒相中的210Po/210Pb不平衡状态呈现截然不同的特征,溶解相中210Po相对于210Pb呈亏损状态,而在颗粒相中则呈过剩状态,反映出210Po与210Pb生物地球化学行为的差异,210Po具有更强的颗粒(生物)活性.由稳态不可逆模型计算出溶解态和颗粒态210Po的平均停留时间分别为0.28、0.27 a;溶解态和颗粒态210Pb的平均停留时间分别为0.88、0.15 a.由清除速率常数法计算得到的溶解态210Po、210Pb在颗粒清除过程中的平均分馏因子为4.73,且该分馏因子随颗粒氮含量的增加呈增加的趋势.停留时间的差异以及明显大于1的分馏因子均表明,210Po、210Pb在颗粒清除过程中发生了明显的分馏,而分馏因子与颗粒氮(PN)之间存在的正相关关系则显示含氮组分对210 Po、210Pb的分馏起着一定的作用.  相似文献   

厦门近岸210Po和210Pb的大气沉降通量     

张立浩  杨伟锋  陈敏  朱义年  王宙 《海洋学报》2019,41(6):114-122

为揭示中国东南沿海地区210Po和210Pb的大气沉降时空变化特征，探讨该地区气溶胶的停留时间，于2013年1月至2014年12月对厦门地区210Po和210Pb的大气沉降通量进行了时间序列研究。结果发现，210Po和210Pb的平均日沉降通量分别为（65.38±4.79） mBq/（m2·d）（n=54）和（0.78±0.09） Bq/（m2·d）（n=54），表现出明显的周年变化。东北季风期间，210Po和210Pb的沉降通量较高，而西南季风期间其通量较低。2013年和2014年，210Po的年沉降通量分别为19.29 Bq/（m2·a）和9.25 Bq/（m2·a），210Pb的年沉降通量分别为159.2 Bq/（m2·a）和189.6 Bq/（m2·a）。两核素的年沉降通量表现出不同程度的年际差异。210Po与210Pb沉降通量之间存在显著的线性正相关关系，揭示了大气中210Po和210Pb具有相同的迁出机制，降雨和大气中核素含量是影响210Po和210Pb沉降通量的主要因素。该研究结果可以为探求台湾海峡海水中210Po与210Pb的收支平衡提供大气来源项。  相似文献   

楚科奇海、白令海表层沉积物210 Pb和137 Cs分布     

石红旗  陈发荣 《海洋科学进展》2021,39(3):403-414

通过分析第十次北极考察楚科奇海、白令海考察区表层沉积物样品中放射性核素~(210)Pb和~(137)Cs,获得表层沉积物(0～8 cm)中~(210)Pb和~(137)Cs在不同断面和不同层的比活度范围和分布。楚科奇海陆架区R断面表层沉积物(0～2 cm层)~(210)Pb比活度范围为44.80～117.45 Bq·kg~(-1);~(137)Cs检出主要分布在表层沉积物(2～4 cm和4～6 cm层),比活度范围为未检出～2.23 Bq·kg~(-1)。白令海BL和BR断面表层沉积物(0～2 cm层)~(210)Pb比活度范围分别为29.93～141.35 Bq·kg~(-1)和40.78～620.43 Bq·kg~(-1);BL和BR断面~(137)Cs比活度范围分别为未检出～2.48 Bq·kg~(-1)和未检出～2.08 Bq·kg~(-1)。其中在白令海考察区南端陆坡区深海站位出现~(210)Pb比活度高值;结合表层沉积物垂向分层数据揭示水体中~(210)Pb随颗粒物移除沉降到海底,随海底深度增加而显著升高;各站位的表层沉积物年沉积率随海底深度增加而降低。深海区域站位表层沉积物~(210)Pb比活度随海底深度增加而增加现象说明,颗粒物沉降过程的吸附作用是主要原因。也表明表层沉积物~(210)Pb比活度与海水深度的比值作为~(210)Pb均化因子(HF),可指征颗粒物中~(210)Pb比活度从水体上层至海洋底层随沉降过程的平均变化。研究结果表明楚科奇海陆架区部分站位表层沉积物~(210)Pb存在明显的扰动情况,楚科奇海陆架区、白令海陆架区表层沉积物中~(137)Cs在沉积物各层深分布不均匀。  相似文献   

南海与厦门湾海水中210Po和210Pb的粒级分布     

杨伟锋  黄奕普  陈敏 《台湾海峡》2008,27(1):1-7

对南海和厦门湾表层水中210Po和210Pb的粒级分布特征进行了研究.结果表明,南海海水中210Po和210Pb在不同粒级颗粒物中的体积比活度高低顺序为:(＜0.4μm)＞(0.4～2.0 μm)＞(2.0～10 μm)＞(＞10μm).210Po、210Pb主要存在于＜2.0 μm粒级颗粒物中.厦门湾210Po体积比活度高低顺序为:(2.0～10 μm)＞(＜1.2μm)＞(＞10μm)＞(1.2～2.0 μm),210Po主要存在于＞2.0μm粒级颗粒物中.南海不同粒级颗粒物中210Pb的质量比活度差异不大,0.4～2.0 μm和2.0～10 μm粒级210Po质量比活度约为10μm粒级210Po比活度的3倍.厦门湾210Po的质量比活度比南海相应粒级210Po低约1个数量级,且各粒级间差异不大,表明不同粒径颗粒物在210Po和210Pb清除过程中的作用不同.210Po和210Pb的固-液分配系数(Kd)及分馏因子(α)进一步证实南海0.4～2.0 μm粒级颗粒物对210Po的清除能力比其它粒级颗粒物更强,而＞10μm粒级颗粒物对210Pb的清除能力比其它粒级颗粒物更强.不同粒级颗粒物中210Po与210Pb之间的不平衡状况揭示了不同粒级颗粒物不同的来源,为210Po/210Pb不平衡示踪颗粒物来源提供了依据.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽海底热液喷出口附近海水中210Pb和210Po的行为   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

杨永亮  日下部正志  山本惠幸 《海洋学报》2001,23(6):59-75

讨论了在冲绳海槽伊平屋海岭和南奄西海丘两处海底热液喷出口附近海水中的铀系子体放射性核素210Pb和210Po浓度的垂直分布剖面.在伊平屋海岭,甲烷及222Rn的数据表明海底热液活动不强,总210Pb和210Po放射性均低于它们各自母体的放射性,210Pb和210Po在海水中的平均停留时间分别为20和2～5a,而在以“黑色烟雾”为特征的海底热液活动强烈的南奄西海丘,在”烟雾”中的总210Pb含量(0.167×10-3～2.50×10-3Bq/kg)相对其母体226Ra贫乏,而总210Po含量(1.83×10-3～2.83×10-3Bq/kg)则相对其母体210Pb过剩.该处海水中的210Po的放射性高于东海陆架区及冲绳海槽其他海区,并且显示了210Po过剩.210Pb/226Ra以及210Po/210Pb放射性比值的范围分别为0.1～0.4和1.1～7.8.在热液扩散带中210Pb被优先从海水中清除.控制南奄西海丘海水中210Pb浓度的可能机制涉及到210Pb通过扩散作用的横向输送.在热液扩散带中高210Po/210Pb放射性比值表明210Pb的耗尽及210Po从海底热液喷出口的加入.  相似文献   

冲绳海槽海底热液喷出口附近海水中~(210)Pb和~(210)Po的行为     

杨永亮  日下部正志  山本惠幸 《海洋学报》2001,(6)

讨论了在冲绳海槽伊平屋海岭和南奄西海丘两处海底热液喷出口附近海水中的铀系子体放射性核素2 10 Pb和2 10 Po浓度的垂直分布剖面 .在伊平屋海岭 ,甲烷及2 2 2 Rn的数据表明海底热液活动不强 ,总2 10 Pb和2 10 Po放射性均低于它们各自母体的放射性 ,2 10 Pb和2 10 Po在海水中的平均停留时间分别为 2 0和 2～ 5a ,而在以“黑色烟雾”为特征的海底热液活动强烈的南奄西海丘 ,在”烟雾”中的总2 10 Pb含量 ( 0 1 6 7× 1 0 -3～ 2 50× 1 0 -3Bq/kg)相对其母体2 2 6Ra贫乏 ,而总2 10 Po含量 ( 1 83× 1 0 -3～ 2 83×1 0 -3Bq/kg)则相对其母体2 10 Pb过剩 .该处海水中的2 10 Po的放射性高于东海陆架区及冲绳海槽其他海区 ,并且显示了2 10 Po过剩 .2 10 Pb/ 2 2 6Ra以及2 10 Po/ 2 10 Pb放射性比值的范围分别为 0 1～ 0 4和 1 1～ 7 8.在热液扩散带中2 10 Pb被优先从海水中清除 .控制南奄西海丘海水中2 10 Pb浓度的可能机制涉及到2 10 Pb通过扩散作用的横向输送 .在热液扩散带中高2 10 Po/ 2 10 Pb放射性比值表明2 10 Pb的耗尽及2 10 Po从海底热液喷出口的加入 .  相似文献   

长江口崇明东滩不同植被带沉积速率研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

姜亦飞  杜金洲  张敬  张文祥  张经 《海洋学报》2012,34(2):114-121

利用2007年丰水期、枯水期在崇明东滩芦苇带、藨草带和光滩采集的6根沉积物柱状样,研究了沉积物的粒度特征和过剩的210Pb和228Th及7Be活度的垂向分布特征,探讨了由陆地向海洋不同植被间的沉积物粒度变化规律。依据恒定比活度沉积速率模型,估算了不同时间尺度的崇明东滩芦苇带、藨草带和光滩的表观沉积速率。结果表明:3种核素示踪的崇明东滩的表观沉积速率都随潮滩植被的不同从陆到海方向逐渐降低,同时依过剩的210Pb和228Th,7Be的次序而增大。由过剩的210Pb和228Th计算的夏季沉积速率比冬季的稍高,而由7Be计算的夏季表观沉积速率则明显高于冬季的。结合沉积物粒度的时空分布和这些核素的大气通量,对利用这些核素测定潮滩沉积速率的影响因素进行了探讨。  相似文献   

冬季台湾海峡²¹⁰Po和²¹⁰Pb的分布特征及颗粒物的输出     

张立浩  杨伟锋  陈敏  朱义年  王宙  方仔铭  邱雨生  李艳红 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(2):12-21

~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb are increasingly used to constrain particle dynamics in the open oceans, however they are less used in coastal waters. Here, distributions and partitions of ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb were examined in the Taiwan Strait, as well as their application to quantify particle sinking. Activity concentrations of dissolved ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb(0.6 μm)ranged from 1.21 to 7.63 dpm/(100 L) and from 1.07 to 6.33 dpm/(100 L), respectively. Activity concentrations of particulate ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb varied from 1.96 to 36.74 dpm/(100 L) and from 3.11 to 38.06 dpm/(100 L). Overall,particulate ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb accounted for the majority of the bulk ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb. 210 Po either in dissolved or particulate phases showed similar spatial patterns to 210 Pb, indicating similar mechanisms for controlling the distributions of ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb in the Taiwan Strait. The different fractionation coefficients indicated that particles in the Zhemin Coastal Current(ZCC) inclined to absorb 210 Po prior to 210 Pb while they showed an opposite effect in the Taiwan Warm Current(TWC). Based on the disequilibria between ~(210) Po and ~(210) Pb, the sinking fluxes of total particulate matter(TPM) were estimated to range from –0.22 to 3.84 g/(m2·d), showing an overall comparable spatial distribution to previous reported sediment accumulation rates. However, our sinking fluxes were lower than the sedimentation rates, indicating a sediment resuspension in winter and horizontal transport of particulate matter from the Taiwan Strait to the East China Sea.  相似文献   

Behaviors of ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po around hydrothermal vents in the Okinawa Trough     

Yang Yongliang  Masashi Kusakabe  Yoshiyuki Yamamoto 《海洋学报(英文版)》2002,21(1):95-114

Vertical profiles for the uranium-series radioisotopes 210Pb and 210Po were obtained at thetwo hydrothermal vent sites, the Iheya Ridge and the Minami-Ensei Knoll, in the Mid-Okinawa Trough in 1993 and 1994, respectively. In 1995, both radioisotopes were measured at the Minami-Ensei Knoll a-gain. At the Iheya Ridge, where the hydrothermal activity is not active as reflected by the CH_4, and 222Rn data, both the total 210Pb and 210Po activities show deficiency relative to their parents, and the mean residence time of 210Pb and 210Po is approximately equal to 20 and 2-5 a, respectively. At the Minami-Ensei Knoll, which is characterized by black smokers, the total 210Pb(0.167 × 10~(-3)-2.5 × 10~(-3)_ Bq/kg) around the plumes is deficient relative to 226Ra but the total 210Po activities (1.83 × 10 ~(-3) - 2.83 × 10~(-3) Bq/kg) are in excess relative to 210Pb. The 210Po activities are higher than those in the East China Sea and the Okinawa Trough and excess 210Po has been found. The 210Pb/226Ra and 210Po/  相似文献   

Contrasting behaviors of ²¹⁰Po, ²¹⁰Pb and ²³⁴Th in the East China Sea during a severe red tide: Enhanced scavenging and promoted fractionation     

Qiangqiang Zhong  Linwei Li  Viena Puigcorbé  Dekun Huang  Tao Yu  Jinzhou Du 《海洋学报(英文版)》2022,41(8):5-21

210Po, 210Pb, and 234Th were determined in water columns of the East China Sea (ECS) to investigate their biogeochemical behaviors during a severe red tide event. Dissolved 210Po, 210Pb, and 234Th accounted for large fractions of the total phases. The abnormally high concentrations of dissolved 210Pb were observed. Partition behaviors of these radionuclides were influenced by particle content effect and particle composition based on distribution coefficient (K_d) vs. total suspended matter (TSM) content and K_d vs. ratios of particulate organic carbon and total suspended matter contents (POC/TSM content ratios). The peaks of mass specific activities of 210Po, 210Pb, and 234Th indicated that degraded particles could have an intensified enrichment ability for radionuclides compared with the surficial suspended matters. Fractionation factor of 210Po and 210Pb (F_Po/Pb) (>1) and fractionation factor of 210Po and 234Th (F_Po/Th) (>1) were much higher at algal blooming regions than that at non-blooming stations, indicating that algal blooms promoted the fractionation of 210Po against 210Pb and 234Th, and proving that 210Po exhibited a stronger affinity for biogenic particles than 210Pb and 234Th when POC content increased in the sea. POC/210Po, POC/210Pb and POC/234Th ratios (content/activity ratios) sharply decreased with depth in both algal bloom and non-bloom stations. The outbreak of algal bloom promoted the complexity of suspended particles and increased the variability of POC/tracer ratios (content/activity ratios) in the different depth of the shallow seas. More considerations should be taken to the difficulty of the selection of export interface and the suitable tracers when algal blooming occurs.  相似文献   

Low ²¹⁰Pb in the upper thermocline in the Canadian Basin: scavenge process over the Chukchi Sea     

HU Wangjiang  CHEN Min  YANG Weifeng  ZHANG Run  QIU Yusheng  ZHENG Minfang 《海洋学报(英文版)》2014,33(6):28-39

210Pb was measured during the 3rd Chinese National Arctic Research Expedition cruise to investigate its spatial pattern in the western Arctic Ocean, as well as its relation with the thermocline in the Canadian Basin. The specific activities varied from 0.04 to 2.72, 0.013 to 4.37, and 0.1 to 4.85 Bq/m3 for dissolved, particulate, and bulk 210Pb, respectively, corresponding to respective averages of 0.65, 0.43, and 1.08 Bq/m3. In the Canadian Basin, the minimum 210Pb activities occurred in the thermocline, which was characterized by low temperature of-1.52°C and salinity of 33.1. Combining the spatial distribution of 210Pb and hydrographical characteristics in the western Arctic Ocean, this scenario was ascribed to the effective scavenging of 210Pb when the Pacific water flowed across the Chukchi Shelf. Quantitatively, this interpretation was supported by both the shorter residence times and higher scavenging efficiencies(SE) of dissolved 210Pb over the Chukchi Shelf. The highest SE values were observed in the Herald Shoal and bottom waters over the slope.  相似文献   

Concentrations of the elements Ag,Al, Ca,Cd, Cu,Fe, Mg,Mn, Pb and Zn,and the radionuclides ²¹⁰Pb and ²¹⁰Po in the digestive gland of the squid Nototodarus gouldi     

J. David Smith  Lorraine Plues  Mireille Heyraud  Robin D. Cherry 《Marine environmental research》1984,13(1):55-68

Ag, Al, Ca, Cd, Cu, Fe, Mg, Mn, Pb and Zn concentrations and ²¹⁰Po and ²¹⁰Pb activities were measured in 26 specimens of the squid Nototodarus gouldi taken from the waters of Bass Strait in one jigging operation. All the elements show wide ranges in concentrations in specimens apparently subject to the same environmental conditions. Copper concentration was 27-1 200 μg/g, and ²¹⁰Po activity 4·8–24·2 Bq/g. The animal wet weights, the elements Ag, Al, Cd, Fe and Zn, and the radionuclide ²¹⁰Po have coefficients of variation in the range 40–60%; Ca, Mg and Mn show the smallest variability (CV = < 30%), and Cu the greatest (CV = 12%). Significant correlations (p < 0·001) were found between the following pairs of elements: Cd-Zn, Cd-Cu, Zn-Cu, Mg-Mn, Fe-Mn, Ca-Mg and Fe-²¹⁰Po.  相似文献   

Radionuclides in Arctic sea ice: Tracers of sources,fates and ice transit time scales     

《Deep Sea Research Part I: Oceanographic Research Papers》2007,54(8):1289-1310

Arctic sea ice can incorporate sediment and associated chemical species during its formation in shallow shelf environments and can also intercept atmospherically transported material during transit. Release of this material in ice ablation areas (e.g. the Fram Strait) enhances fluxes of both sediments and associated species in such areas. We have used a suite of natural (⁷Be, ²¹⁰Pb) and anthropogenic (¹³⁷Cs, ²³⁹Pu, ²⁴⁰Pu) radionuclides in sea ice, sea-ice sediments (SIS), sediment trap material and bottom sediments from the Fram Strait to estimate transit times of sea ice from source to ablation areas, calculate radionuclide fluxes to the Fram Strait and investigate the role of sea-ice entrained sediments in sedimentation processes. Sea ice intercepts and transports the atmospherically supplied radionuclides ⁷Be and ²¹⁰Pb, which are carried in the ice and are scavenged by any entrained SIS. All of the ⁷Be and most of the excess ²¹⁰Pb measured in SIS collected in the Fram Strait are added to the ice during transit through the Arctic Ocean, and we use these radionuclides as chronometers to calculate ice transit times for individual ice floes. Transit times estimated from the ²¹⁰Pb inventories in two ice cores are 1–3 years. Values estimated from the ⁷Be/²¹⁰Pb_excess activity ratio of SIS are about 3–5 years. Finally, equilibrium values of the activity ratio of ²¹⁰Pb to its granddaughter ²¹⁰Po in the ice cores indicate transit times of at least 2 years. These transit times are consistent with back-trajectory analyses of the ice floes. The latter, as well as the clay-mineral assemblage of the SIS (low smectite and high illite content), suggest that the sampled sea-ice floes originated from the eastern Siberian Arctic shelf seas such as the eastern Laptev Sea and the East Siberian Sea. This result is in agreement with the relatively low activities of ^239,240Pu and ¹³⁷Cs and the ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atom ratios (∼0.18, equivalent to that in global fallout) in SIS, indicating that prior global atmospheric fallout, rather than nuclear fuel reprocessing facilities, forms the main source of these anthropogenic radionuclides reaching the western Fram Strait at the time of sampling (1999). Transport of radionuclides by sea ice through the Arctic Ocean, either associated with entrained SIS or dissolved in the ice, accounts for a significant flux in ablation areas such as the Fram Strait, up to several times larger than the current atmospheric flux in the area. Calculated fluxes derived from sea-ice melting compare well to fluxes obtained from sediment traps deployed in the Fram Strait and are consistent with inventories in bottom sediments. ²⁴⁰Pu/²³⁹Pu atomic ratios lower than 0.18 in bottom sediments from the Fram Strait provide evidence that plutonium from a source other than atmospheric fallout has reached the area. Most likely sources of this Pu include tropospheric fallout from atomic weapons testing of the former Soviet Union prior to 1963 and Pu released from nuclear reprocessing facilities, intercepted and transported by sea ice to the ablation areas. Future work is envisaged to more thoroughly understand the actual mechanisms by which radionuclides are incorporated in sea ice, focusing on the quantification of the efficiency of scavenging by SIS and the effect of melting and refreezing processes over the course of several years during transit.  相似文献   

Fluxes of234Th,210Po and210Pb determined by sediment trap experiments in pelagic oceans     

Koh Harada  Shizuo Tsunogai 《Journal of Oceanography》1986,42(3):192-200

Sediment trap experiments were carried out in two oceans, the eastern Pacific Ocean and the Antarctic Ocean, which have very different biological productivities. The natural radionuclides,²³⁴Th,²¹⁰Po and²¹⁰Pb were used as tracers of reactive metals. Larger particulate fluxes of these radionuclides were found in the seas where total mass fluxes were larger, although the concentrations of these radionuclides in the settling particles were somewhat smaller. The concentrations of²³⁴Th in the settling particles varied widely and irregularly with depth, whereas the concentrations of²¹⁰Po and²¹⁰Pb in the settling particles steadily increased with increasing water depth. The ratios of²¹⁰Po/²¹⁰Pb in the settling particulates were larger than unity which the ratio of²³⁴Th/excess²¹⁰Po as larger than²³⁴Th/²¹⁰Po in the deep water. These results suggest that, when the particles sink through the water column, these radionuclides are being absorbed by settling particles in the order²³⁴Th>²¹⁰Po>²¹⁰Pb. The observed particulate fluxes of²¹⁰Pb are about one eighth of those calculated from the disequilibria between²²⁶Ra and²¹⁰Pb at the stations in the subtropical eastern Pacific, although the observed fluxes are the same as the calculated ones in the northern North Pacific and the Antarctic Ocean. Thus, there must be a horizontal flow carrying these reactive metals from the oligotorophic ocean to the biologically productive ocean where the metals are removed by settling particles even in deep water.  相似文献