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1.
Delu Li Rongxi Li Zengwu Zhu Xiaoli Wu Futian Liu Bangsheng Zhao Jinghua Cheng Baoping Wang 《中国地球化学学报》2018,37(1):134-150
Using trace elements to reconstruct paleoenvironment is a current hot topic in geochemistry. Through analytical tests of oil yield, ash yield, calorific value, total sulfur, major elements, trace elements, and X-ray diffraction, the quality, mineral content, occurrence mode of elements, and paleoenvironment of the Zhangjiatan oil shale of the Triassic Yanchang Formation in the southern Ordos Basin were studied. The analyses revealed relatively high oil yield (average 6.63%) and medium quality. The mineral content in the oil shale was mainly clay minerals, quartz, feldspar, and pyrite; an illite–smectite mixed layer comprised the major proportion of clay minerals. Compared with marine oil shale in China, the Zhangjiatan oil shale had higher contents of quartz, feldspar, and clay minerals, and lower calcite content. Silica was mainly in quartz and Fe was associated with organic matter, which is different from marine oil shale. The form of calcium varied. Cluster analyses indicated that Fe, Cu, U, V, Zn, As, Cs, Cd, Mo, Ga, Pb, Co, Ni, Cr, Sc, P, and Mn are associated with organic matter while Ca, Na, Sr, Ba, Si, Zr, K, Al, B, Mg, and Ti are mostly terrigenous. Sr/Cu, Ba/Al, V/(V + Ni), U/Th, AU, and δU of oil shale samples suggest the paleoclimate was warm and humid, paleoproductivity of the lake was relatively high during deposition of the shale—which mainly occurred in fresh water—and the paleo-redox condition was dominated by reducing conditions. Fe/Ti ratios of the oil shale samples suggest clear hydrothermal influence in the eastern portion of the study area and less conspicuous hydrothermal influence in the western portion. 相似文献
2.
热液活动对东二沟剖面玉尔吐斯组烃源岩形成的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究热液活动是否会破坏烃源岩的形成。对塔里木盆地东二沟剖面玉尔吐斯组进行地球化学分析,利用δEu、Fe/Ti和（Fe+Mn）/Ti比值研究热液活动,Al/Ti比值替代古生产力,V/Cr、V/（V+Ni）和Ni/Co比值代表氧化还原环境,进而探讨热液活动与古生产力、氧化还原条件以及有机质含量之间的关系。玉尔吐斯组沉积时古生产力水平较低,为贫氧-厌氧环境,下部具有较强的热液活动,中上部热液活动较弱。下部的热液活动虽然促进了古生产力的提高,但TOC含量整体较低,为0.01%～3.58%,平均值为0.64%;中上部热液活动较弱,古生产力水平较低,TOC含量却较高,为0.06%～12.19%,平均值为8.95%,是较好的烃源岩层。岩石薄片显示,与热液活动相关的硅质岩中含有大量的藻类。研究结果表明,较强的热液活动会带来大量的富硅流体,稀释沉积物中的有机质,对烃源岩的形成起破坏作用。 相似文献
3.
记录了蜀南地区五峰组—龙马溪组岩石学和地球化学资料,以恢复古环境和探讨有机质富集机理。研究表明,蜀南地区五峰组—龙马溪组主要发育硅质页岩、粉砂质页岩、黏土质页岩和含介壳灰质泥岩/泥质灰岩。五峰组平均TOC为3.36%,龙马溪组下部TOC最高,平均为3.99%,中上部TOC偏低,平均为1.22%。古生产力指示元素（Ba生物、Cu/Al、Ni/Al、Si过量）表明,在奥陶—志留转折期的大部分时间（除赫南特期）,蜀南海域表层水中具有较高的初级生产力。陆源输入指示元素（Al、Zr、Zr/Al）表明,五峰期陆源输入中等且变化较大,龙马溪早期为持续低值,但在中后沉积期逐渐增多。氧化还原敏感微量元素（Mo/Al、U/Al、V/Al）及Mo-TOC的相关性表明,五峰期海洋发育强受限的缺氧—静水环境,龙马溪早期水体保持缺氧—静水条件,但受限程度减弱,中后期海洋演化为氧化环境。晚奥陶世,蜀南海域发育有利的缺氧—静水环境和高古生产力,但较多的陆源输入一定程度上削弱了有机质富集。早志留世,海平面升降引起多个环境参数协同变化,使连续沉积的页岩地层中有机质富集程度存在显著差异。 相似文献
4.
利用化学元素行为特征的差异性,以总有机碳（TOC）、主量元素和微量元素的含量或比值判别四川盆地西南缘盐津牛寨剖面下志留统龙马溪组细粒沉积岩形成时的初级生产力、氧化还原条件、陆源供应的输入和盆地水体滞留程度等环境特征,并对比川南沉降中心（长宁剖面）和南川非沉降中心（南川剖面）龙马溪组的古环境参数,综合探讨了早志留世上扬子海滞留海盆细粒沉积岩有机质富集的差异性。结果表明,盐津牛寨地区下志留统细粒沉积岩以黑色—灰黑色碳质页岩、页岩和泥岩为主,富有机质主要集中在龙马溪组下段,TOC平均含量为2.73%;Babio显示盆地西南缘龙马溪组早期具有较高的生产力;Ni/Co、V/（V+Ni）,U/Th和V/Cr揭示龙马溪组从底部缺氧环境逐步过渡到顶部的氧化环境;TiO2、Al2O3、Zr表明龙马溪组下段陆源碎屑供应量明显增加;Mo/TOC值和U-Mo协变模式图均说明四川盆地西南缘在早志留世水体呈中等滞留环境。与长宁剖面和南川剖面对比分析,发现盆地西南缘TOC与氧化还原条件呈现显著的正向相关关系;与盆地水体的滞留程度呈现微弱的正向相关关系;与陆源碎屑物质的注入和初级生产力无明显相关性,表明缺氧还原的沉积环境是影响该地区龙马溪组黑色页岩有机质富集的主要因素。 相似文献
5.
滇黔北坳陷五峰组-龙马溪组下段页岩岩相与沉积环境 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
滇黔北坳陷为南方海相地层的有利研究区域,发育多套海相页岩。上奥陶统五峰组与下志留统龙马溪组地层,尤其是五峰组-龙马溪组下段页岩作为优质烃源岩而备受重视。通过岩芯观察、薄片鉴定、X衍射分析及微量元素地球化学指标判识,对其进行页岩岩相划分与沉积环境分析。结果显示:滇黔北坳陷五峰组-龙马溪组下段地层共划分出六种页岩岩相:硅质页岩、黏土质页岩、钙质页岩、黏土质硅质混合页岩、黏土质钙质混合页岩、钙质硅质混合页岩,其中硅质页岩和黏土质页岩的TOC含量明显高于其余四种岩相。V/（V+Ni）、V/Cr、Ni/Co和U/Th指标指示五峰组-龙马溪组下段总体处于低能、滞留、局限条件,与深水陆棚环境匹配,Mo元素含量与四川盆地均值相当。五峰早期与龙马溪早期海侵的发生形成了以深水陆棚占主导的沉积格局,低能、滞留、局限的厌氧环境与快速海侵是有机质富集与保存的重要条件。 相似文献
6.
The La Luna Formation (Maraca section), Maracaibo Basin, was studied by means of V and Ni analysis of the bitumen, total organic carbon (TOC), total sulfur (St), major elements (Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, Ti, Na, K, P), trace elements (V, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, and Zn), and electron microprobe analysis (EPMA) of the whole rock, and St, major elements (Si, Al, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, Ti, Na, K, P), trace elements (V, Ni, Co, Cr, Cu, Zn, Mo, Ba, U, Th) and rare earth elements (La, Ce, Nd, Sn, Eu, Th, Yb, Lu) of the carbonate-free fraction. The results are discussed based on the organic and inorganic association of trace elements and their use as paleoenvironmental indicators of sedimentation. An association between V and organic matter is suggested by means of correlation between V and Ni vs. TOC, the use of EPMA (whole rock) and V and Ni concentrations (carbonate-free fraction), whereas Ni is found in the organic matter and the sulfide phase. Fe is present as massive and framboidal pyrite, whereas Zn precipitates into a separate phase (sphalerite), and Ni, Cu and, in some cases, Zn, can be found as sulfides associated with pyrite. Concentrations of V and Ni (bitumen), TOC, St, V, Ni, Cr, Cu and Zn (whole rock), U, Th, Mo (carbonate-free fraction) are indicative of changes in the dysoxic sedimentation conditions in the chert layers (TOC, St, V, Ni, Cu and low Zn and V/Cr <4) to euxinic anoxic conditions in the argillaceous limestone (TOC, St, V, Ni, Cu and high Zn and V/Cr >4). In the sequence corresponding to the argillaceous limestone, variations in the concentrations of TOC, St, V, Ni, Zn, Cu and Cr (whole rock) can be observed, also suggesting variable sedimentation conditions. The following is proposed: (i) sedimentation intervals under euxinic conditions associated with high contribution and/or preservation of organic matter, allowing a high concentration level of V and Ni in the organic phase and the accumulation of Cu, Zn and Ni (in a smaller proportion) in the sulfide phase; (ii) sedimentation intervals under anoxic conditions and in the presence of relatively lower H2S, which allowed lower concentrations of V and Ni in the organic phase and higher concentrations of Cu, Zn, and Ni in the sulfide phase. Rare earth elements (REE) concentrations exhibit a marked increase in Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Y and Lu for the QM-3 interval, relative to Post-Archean Average Shale (PAAS). REE enrichment in shales has been related to the presence of phosphate minerals such as monazite or apatite. However, these minerals were not detected through XRD or EPMA in the whole rock or in the carbonate-free fraction. The association of REE with organic matter is suggested due to the absence of phosphate minerals, although assessment of these elements require further analysis. 相似文献
7.
四川盆地南部（简称“川南”） 广泛发育多套下古生界海相泥页岩层系,其中龙马溪组为该区一套优良的烃源岩
层,具备优越的页岩气形成条件。根据长宁和威远页岩气探区的钻井岩心、露头样品分析资料,对川南地区下志留统龙马
溪组页岩有机质特征及其对页岩气富集规律的影响进行研究后表明,川南龙马溪组页岩的有机质类型为Ⅰ～Ⅱ1型,有机
碳含量较高（平均为2.52%）,热演化程度为2.0%～3.8%,达到了高-过成熟阶段;研究区的有机质特征对页岩气的富集具
有重要的影响,干酪根的类型决定着甲烷吸附能力强弱,有机质丰度和有机演化程度决定了页岩的生气量和含气量,同时
高TOC和Ro也能促进有机质微孔隙的发育,为页岩气的富集提供更多有利空间。因此,研究认为川南地区龙马溪组有机质
特征较好,有利于页岩气的富集成藏。 相似文献
8.
奥陶-志留交替时期是地球历史时期中的关键时期,该时期华南地区沉积的五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩是现阶段我国页岩气勘探重点层位,多套斑脱岩存在于黑色页岩内指示该时期经历过多期连续的火山活动。本文选取了四川盆地东部华地1井和武隆黄莺乡五峰-龙马溪组两条剖面点,以黑色页岩和斑脱岩为研究对象,通过野外考察、元素地球化学等分析方法,系统分析了有机质富集的主控因素(陆源输入、古生产力、古氧化还原条件),并在此基础上分析斑脱岩的发育与否与页岩有机质富集间的关系。两剖面点均表明五峰-龙马溪组黑色页岩TOC呈高-低-高模式,氧化还原指标(V/V+Ni、V/Cr、Ni/Co)指示水体经历了厌氧-富氧-厌氧的过程,生产力指标(Cu、Babio、Sibio)、陆源输入指标(Ti/Al、Zr/Al、Th/Al)表明五峰和龙马溪组具较高的生产力和陆源输入,观音桥组较两者均低,三者与有机碳的相关关系反映氧化还原条件对有机质富集作用最大,生产力次之,陆源输入最弱。从斑脱岩发育特征与有机碳、生产力和氧化还原条件的关系看,频繁的火山活动可能对五峰和龙马溪组有机质的保存产生双促作用,一、为海洋提供营养物质,提升其生物生产力;二、火山灰飘落至海水表面阻止了部分光照进入,海底缺氧环境加剧,造成生物大量死亡并落入海底作为有机质埋藏。 相似文献
9.
为研究奥陶大灭绝与该时期古环境和古地理的联系,对滇黔北地区五峰组—龙马溪组样品进行了有机碳（TOC）、主量元素、微量元素和碳同位素地球化学分析。结果表明,滇黔北地区五峰组—龙马溪组Ba/Al和Ni/Al值的变化在五峰组沉积时期相对稳定,从五峰组沉积时期开始逐渐增加,直到观音桥组沉积时期达到顶峰随之下降,在龙马溪组沉积时期又开始上升,随后逐渐减小并稳定下来,特别在赫南特阶观音桥组时期,生产力出现了跳跃性的波动,即表明奥陶纪末期古海水性质存在重大转变。V/Cr和U/Th比值总体显示出五峰组沉积时期表现为缺氧环境,观音桥组沉积时期表现为厌氧环境,龙马溪组表现为缺氧环境,U-Mo协变模式表明滇黔北地区五峰组沉积时期为强滞留海盆,龙马溪组属于半滞留海盆。化学风化值指数（CIA）表明滇黔北地区温度在五峰组早期就开始缓慢下降,观音桥时期区域温度降至冰期,龙马溪组早期又渐渐恢复,但从龙马溪组到观音桥组至五峰组时期气候处于极不稳定的状态。奥陶纪末期生命大灭绝是在极地冰川发育的背景下,洋流模式、强度及海水的理化性质的改变导致两者受海陆分布格局控制。 相似文献
10.
为了查明鄂西五峰组—龙马溪组富有机质页岩的硅质来源,明确不同硅质来源的页岩气地质意义,促进页岩气勘探开发,本文通过系统的样品采集与分析测试,对宜昌地区五峰组—龙马溪组下部黑色岩系的硅质来源、特征及其对有机质富集和储层特征的影响进行了深入研究。结果表明,鄂西宜昌地区五峰组—龙马溪组黑色岩系硅质矿物含量高,过量硅含量在2. 59%~88. 31%,平均27. 91%,且过量硅主要发育于凯迪阶与鲁丹阶的深水陆棚环境;显微镜下可见大量棱角状陆源碎屑石英,硅质岩中可见具有溶蚀边的硅质生物化石,如放射虫、海绵骨针等;页岩样品TiO2与Al2O3平均含量只有0. 63%和12. 41%,且SiO2与TiO2、Al2O3呈现明显的负相关,Si/(Si+Al+Fe)和Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值分别为0. 81和0. 77,Eu/Eu*具有明显的负异常,过量硅与U/Th、Ni含量之间相关性不明显,表明鄂西宜昌地区五峰组—龙马溪组黑色岩系硅质来源以陆源硅和生物硅为主,没有受到热液的影响,且五峰组凯迪阶—龙马溪组鲁丹阶以生物硅为主,向上陆源硅影响逐渐增大。深水缺氧还原环境是生物硅发育的有利条件,但生物硅的发育与古生产力、氧化还原条件没有绝对的正相关线性关系,主要表现为不同来源的硅质矿物含量与TOC峰值之间呈正态分布曲线特征,当Al2O3含量达到10%左右,过量硅含量在40%左右所对应的页岩有机碳可出现峰值,而不是硅质矿物含量越高有机质一定越富集。此外,硅质矿物特别是以微晶方式赋存的生物硅的发育不仅可以有效保护页岩储集空间,还能促进裂缝的发育,极大的改善页岩储层的储渗能力,并为后期获得良好的储层压裂改造效果提供有利条件。 相似文献
11.
学者们在页岩层序划分与构成等方面还存在较大分歧;其次,现有研究中针对页岩非均质性在层序格架内的变化特征及成因规律方面亦有不足.五峰组-龙马溪组页岩是上扬子地区重要的页岩气勘探层位之一,通过钻井岩心、露头剖面、常规测井、能谱测井和地球化学参数等资料,对上奥陶统五峰组-下志留统龙马溪组黑色页岩层序地层学进行了定量分析.在五峰组-龙马溪组识别出3个三级层序,其中五峰组为一个三级层序,进一步划分出海侵体系域（五峰组下部黑色页岩）和高位体系域（五峰组上部观音桥段）;龙马溪组一段作为一个三级层序,进一步划分出海侵体系域、早期高位和晚期高位体系域;龙马溪组二段和三段为一个三级层序,进一步划分出低位体系域、海侵体系域和高位体系域.以不同体系域为单元分析了五峰组-龙马溪组层序发育与沉积环境特征,揭示了各体系域内古生产力与水体氧化还原条件对有机质富集的控制机理,总结并提出了系统的五峰组-龙马溪组黑色页岩层序地层垂向演化模式. 相似文献
12.
贵州水城二叠系茅口组含锰岩系地质地球化学特征与锰矿成因分析 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：6
贵州水城二叠系茅口组内发现新锰矿。通过对含锰岩系的地质地球化学研究,其富集Zn,Ni,As,Sb,Sr,Ba,Ga,Ag,V,U元素;锰含量较高层位,Th/U比值小于1,锰含量较低层位,Th/U比值往往高达4～5。Co/Ni比值小于1。含锰岩石的(Fe+Mn)/Ti均大于47,高于20,特别是含锰高的岩石,其(Fe+Mn)/Ti值在300以上。含锰岩石的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)均远远低于0.35,一般为小于0.02。稀土配分模式与峨眉山玄武岩相似,∑REE较高,LREE/HREE值偏低等特征。根据锰岩系地球化学和区域构造特征分析,水城二叠系茅口组含锰岩系属于热水喷流沉积的产物。 相似文献
13.
鄂西地区下寒武统牛蹄塘组页岩元素地球化学特征及沉积古环境恢复 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目前关于牛蹄塘组页岩沉积古环境及其对有机质富集影响的认识尚显不足。为此,基于总有机碳（TOC）含量测定、XRD矿物组分分析、沉积地球化学分析等方法,以鄂西地区X井和Y井牛蹄塘组页岩为研究对象,揭示了页岩的沉积古环境,并探究了其对页岩有机质富集的影响。研究结果表明牛蹄塘组牛二段下部为富有机质层段,石英含量最高。牛一段页岩的Ca、P富集显著,牛二段以及牛三段页岩的Ca、Fe富集显著,其中牛二段页岩中的氧化还原敏感元素Mo、U富集程度最高。牛蹄塘组页岩无明显的Eu异常,轻稀土元素（LREE）比重稀土元素（HREE）更加富集。硅质页岩沉积于高的古生产力、较低的碎屑输入以及缺氧的底水环境;钙质页岩沉积于较高的古生产力、相对较低的碎屑输入以及贫氧—氧化的底水环境;而黏土质页岩和硅质—黏土质页岩沉积于较低的古生产力、较高的碎屑输入以及氧化的底水环境。此外,Babio、Sibio、U/Th、Corg/Ptot、Al、Ti/Al等古环境指标在垂向上的变化表明牛蹄塘组从沉积的早期到晚期,水深逐渐变浅,水动力条件变强,沉积底水的氧含量逐渐增加,表层水体的古生产力逐渐降低。缺氧的底水条件是控制牛蹄塘组富有机质页岩发育的关键因素。 相似文献
14.
分析泥页岩形成的沉积环境对页岩气储层评价和甜点区优选具有重要意义。为深入探讨敦煌盆地五墩凹陷中间沟组下段富有机质泥页岩的形成环境和有机质聚集机制,以DY1井为研究对象,开展了总有机碳(TOC)含量、显微组成、碳同位素、主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素等测试。结果表明,五墩凹陷中间沟组下段岩性为灰黑色炭质泥页岩、粉砂质泥页岩夹薄煤层等,泥页岩具有较高的TOC含量,质量分数介于0.53%~25.25%,均值为8.18%,成熟度Rran介于0.74%~1.21%。Mo含量、P/Ti值和有机质显微组成表明,中间沟组下段沉积水体具有较低的初级生产力,高丰度有机质主要来自于陆源高等植物,反映了研究区浅水三角洲–半深湖环境下泥页岩的古生产力不是有机质聚集的关键控制因素;V/(V+Ni)、Ceanom、Th/U和UEF-MoEF协变模式等揭示中间沟组下段泥页岩形成于缺氧环境;Sr/Cu、Rb/Sr和气候指数C等指标反映了温暖–半干旱的古气候条件;Sr/Ba、Ba/Ga、Ca/(Fe+Ca)和Al2O3/MgO等特征指示古水体为淡水–微咸水;Zr/Al、Rb/K和MnO 含量等指标反映了沉积水体为浅水–半深水。依据DY1井沉积环境参数与有机质聚集的关系,建立了中间沟组下段富有机质泥页岩的沉积模式,自下至上经历2个旋回4种沉积模式,沉积水体由浅水三角洲–半深湖沉积–浅水三角洲–半深湖沉积演变,富有机质泥页岩形成于低初级生产力、高等植物陆源输入为主以及缺氧的半深湖环境,缺氧条件是中间沟组下段泥页岩有机质聚集保存的关键控制因素。该研究为敦煌盆地侏罗系页岩气成藏机理、资源潜力评价和有利区优选提供了理论支持。 相似文献
15.
The main geological factors controlling the accumulation and yield of marine-facies shale gas reservoirs are the focus of the current shale gas exploration and development research. In this study, the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation in the Dingshan area of southeast Sichuan was investigated. Shale cores underwent laboratory testing, which included the evaluation of total organic carbon(TOC), vitrinite reflectance(Ro), whole-rock X-ray diffraction(XRD), pore permeability,and imaging through field emission scanning electron microscopy(FE-SEM). Based on the results of natural gamma ray spectrum logging, conventional logging, imaging logging, and seismic coherence properties, the exploration and development potential of shale gas in the Dingshan area have been discussed comprehensively. The results showed that(1)layer No. 4(WF2-LM4) of the Wufeng-Longmaxi Formation has a Th/U ratio 2 and a Th/K ratio of 3.5–12. Graptolites and pyrite are relatively abundant in the shale core, indicating sub-high-energy and low-energy marine-facies anoxic reducing environments.(2) The organic matter is mainly I-type kerogen with a small amount of II1-type kerogen. There is a good correlation among TOC, Ro, gas content, and brittle minerals; the fracturing property(brittleness) is 57.3%. Organic and inorganic pores are moderately developed. A higher pressure coefficient is correlated with the increase in porosity and the decrease in permeability.(3) The DY1 well of the shale gas reservoir was affected by natural defects and important latestage double destructive effects, and it is poorly preserved. The DY2 well is located far from the Qiyueshan Fault. Large faults are absent, and upward fractures in the Longmaxi Formation are poorly developed. The well is affected by low tectonic deformation intensity, and it is well preserved.(4) The Dingshan area is located at the junction of the two sedimentary centers of Jiaoshiba and Changning. The thickness of the high-quality shale interval(WF2-LM4) is relatively small, which may be an important reason for the unstable production of shale gas thus far. Based on the systematic analysis of the geological factors controlling high-yield shale gas enrichment in the Dingshan area, and the comparative analysis with the surrounding typical exploration areas, the geological understanding of marine shale gas enrichment in southern China has been improved. Therefore, this study can provide a useful reference for shale gas exploration and further development. 相似文献
16.
鄂西地区上二叠乐平统大隆组硅质岩成因及有机质富集机理 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
晚二叠世是古生代环境、生物演化的关键时期,发育广泛的富有机质沉积,并成为南方重要的烃源岩层位。为了解该时期的富有机质堆积机理,我们选择了鄂西台内盆地晚二叠世大隆组富有机质硅质岩(TOC平均值为5.8%,峰值为18%)作为研究对象。硅质岩中常量元素Al/Fe均值为0.79,Mn/Ti均值为0.21,显示为大陆边缘环境下的生物成因,即非热水成因。∑REE值与Al2O3含量有着良好的正相关关系,表明当时陆源物质的输入对硅质岩的形成有很大影响。微量元素U/Th、V/(V+Ni)均说明硅质岩沉积环境为缺氧水体环境。通过对草莓状黄铁矿粒径的统计表明,大多数(64%～89%)的草莓状黄铁矿粒径小于5μm,反映缺氧甚至硫化的环境。而且,U、V、Mo的富集以及Ni、Cu元素的亏损说明水体的缺氧主要是由于海水分层,水体循环受阻造成的。TOC与氧化还原参数的变化步调基本一致,两者有着较好的正相关关系,而与生产力指标Ba/Al相关性很差,说明有机质富集主要是由水体的缺氧而不是初级生产力控制的。 相似文献
17.
Geological Features and Reservoiring Mode of Shale Gas Reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation of the Jiaoshiba Area 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Abstract: This study is based on the sedimentation conditions, organic geochemistry, storage spaces, physical properties, lithology and gas content of the shale gas reservoirs in Longmaxi Formation of the Jiaoshiba area and the gas accumulation mode is summarized and then compared with that in northern America. The shale gas reservoirs in the Longmaxi Formation in Jiaoshiba have good geological conditions, great thickness of quality shales, high organic content, high gas content, good physical properties, suitable depth, good preservation conditions and good reservoir types. The quality shales at the bottom of the deep shelf are the main target interval for shale gas exploration and development. Shale gas in the Longmaxi Formation has undergone three main reservoiring stages: the early stage of hydrocarbon generation and compaction when shale gas reservoirs were first formed; the middle stage of deep burial and large-scale hydrocarbon generation, which caused the enrichment of reservoirs with shale gas; the late stage of uplift, erosion and fracture development when shale gas reservoirs were finally formed. 相似文献
18.
泾川地区位于鄂尔多斯盆地西南缘,烃源岩发育情况尚不明确。通过野外地质调查和钻井岩心观察,结合烃源岩测试及元素地球化学资料,对长10—长7烃源岩进行评价,在环境分析的基础上研究影响烃源岩发育的主要因素。结果表明：研究区延长组烃源岩以长73泥页岩为最好,有机质类型以Ⅰ型和Ⅱ1为主,TOC为 0.42%～29%;长10—长7泥岩有机质以Ⅱ2型为主,平均TOC含量低于 2%;Ro为 0.47%～1.08%,有机质基本已成熟。长10—长7烃源岩形成于温暖潮湿的环境,弱还原弱氧化的淡水介质条件,水深相对较浅。古生产力、沉积速率及水介质环境影响烃源岩发育。热水活动促进了古生物的繁盛,P、Cu含量及 P/Ti值越高,有机质 TOC含量越高。（La/Yb）N值越高,沉积速率越低,有机质越富集。Cu/Zn值越高,V/Cr值越高,Th/U值越低,水体还原性越好,有机质丰度越高。总之,热水活动提高了古生产力水平,相对较低的沉积速率有利于有机质的富集,还原性较强的水介质条件可使有机质得到良好的保存。陇县一带烃源岩因受陆源植物输入的影响,且形成环境不利,烃源岩品质相对较差。 相似文献
19.
In order to find out the element geochemical characteristics of Silurian Longmaxi Formation shale in Yanjin area,southwestern Sichuan Basin,as well as the material source and structural background of shale formation,the petromineralogy and geochemistry of 19 shale samples from Niuzhai section of Yanjin area were tested and analyzed. Combined with the previous research results and adjacent areas,the rare earth elements were mainly applied to discuss the sedimentary environment, the accumulation rate,material source and tectonic setting of the Longmaxi Formation shale in the study area. The results show that the mineral composition of the Longmaxi Formation in Niuzhai section of Yanjin is mainly quartz,carbonate minerals and clay minerals. The mineral triangle diagram shows that the Longmaxi Formation shale is mainly a combination of clay shale and mixed shale. The normalized partition pattern of rare earth elements is characterized by Ce deficit and weak Eu enrichment. The δCe values,Ni/Co and V/Cr values of the samples indicate that the paleo-water depth increases suddenly in the early stage and becomes shallow gradually in the later stage. Oxygen content gradually changes from anoxic reduction state in the early stage to weak oxidation state in the later stage. LaN/YbN values show that the shale deposition rate increases firstly and then decreases under the influence of sea level and terrigenous debris input. Provenance analysis shows that the source rocks area are mainly felsic igneous rocks and intermediate-acid geological bodies of granitoids. The La-Th-Sc diagram and tectonic setting characteristics show that the main tectonic setting of the source rocks is passive continental margin. Combined with previous studies and tectonic setting,it is inferred that the main source of the Longmaxi Formation shale is formed in the Passive continental margin of hypoxia,and the provenance is mainly from the Kang-Dian ancient land to the west of the study area,followed by the Central Guizhou uplift. 相似文献
20.
塔西北地区早寒武世玉尔吐斯组热液作用及沉积模式 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
埃迪卡拉纪-寒武纪之交全球沉积了一套黑色泥页岩和硅质岩组合,塔里木盆地早寒武世玉尔吐斯组即包含这样一套组合,并被认为是塔里木古生界主力烃源岩之一,然而目前对这套岩石组合的成因及沉积过程的研究还相对薄弱。在野外研究的基础上,将玉尔吐斯组分为5段,分为两个海进-海退旋回,认为其总体沉积于缓坡背景之上。对第一段硅质岩进行主量元素及稀土元素分析,结果显示其含有较低的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)和较高的Fe/Ti值(均值分别为0.29和108.24)。在Al-Fe-Mn和Fe/Ti-Al(Al+Fe+Mn)图解上,多数样品落入热液作用范围,表明硅质岩主要受热液作用控制。硅质岩REE配分模式显示其不具有Eu的正异常和LREE富集的特征,这显示了海水对热液的稀释作用。靠近热液盆内口的库勒和什艾日克剖面发育较厚的硅质岩和一系列滑移变形构造。早寒武世时期,南天山洋已经打开,硅质热液广泛发育于整个塔北的深水和浅水区,这些迹象表明该区早寒武世仍然有很强的伸展构造活动。 相似文献