共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 672 毫秒
1.
M. V. Samokhin 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1979,62(1):159-183
In order to understand the reason of the existence of the electric field in the magnetosphere, and for the theoretical evaluation of its value, it is necessary to find the solution of the problem of determination of the magnetosphere boundary form in the frameworks of the continuum medium model which takes into account part of the magnetospheric plasma movement in supporting the magnetospheric boundary equilibrium. A number of problems for finding the distribution of the pressure, the density, the magnetic field and the electric field on the particular tangential discontinuity is considered in the case when the form of discontinuity is set (the direct problem) and a number of problems for finding the form of the discontinuity and the distribution of the above-mentioned physical quantities on the discontinuity is considered when the law of the change of the external pressure along the boundary is set (for example, with the help of the approximate Newton equation). The problem which is considered here, which deals with the calculation of the boundary form and with the calculation of the distribution of the corresponding physical quantities on the discontinuity of the 1st kind for the compressible fluid with the magnetic field with field lines which are perpendicular to the plane of the flow in question, concerns the last sort of problems. The comparison of the results of the calculation with the data in the equatorial cross-section of the magnetosphere demonstrates that the calculated form of the boundary, the value of the velocity of the return flow and the value of the electric field on the magnetopause, agree satisfactorily with the observational data. 相似文献
2.
K. G. Ivanov 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1974,31(2):287-294
The theory of strong discontinuities in plasma with anisotropic pressure is applied for interpretation of the recent plasma and magnetic experiments on the boundary and in the tail of the magnetosphere. The properties of the discontinuities are described. It is supposed that on the boundary and in the tail of the magnetosphere anisotropic discontinuities occur with a nonzero normal component of the magnetic field. The general consequence of this assumption is the existence of the magnetospheric surface flow expanding from the subsolar point. The consequence does not contradict the data obtained on IMP 5. For the investigation of the low latitude part of the flow, the use of electrostatic analysers is desirable with the entrance oriented along the magnetospheric surface. The well-known qualitative scheme of the hydrodynamical flow with strong discontinuities in the tail is generalized by means of the three anisotropic discontinuities: the contact one coinciding with the magnetic neutral sheet, and the two discontinuities with the nonzero normal flow of the mass simulating the boundary of the plasma sheet. The result of the scheme of the components of the bulk velocity in the plasma sheet agrees with the recent observations on the Vela 4B. The scheme connects the well-known phenomena of the blocking and the thinning of the plasma sheet in the initial phase of the substorm. According to the general principles of the reconnection the dynamical dissipation is decreased by the blocking of the flow in the plasma sheet. The decrease leads to a drift of the plasma sheet boundary in the neutral sheet direction. The reverse picture is probably a result of a relaxation of the blocking. 相似文献
3.
对低纬子午环的仪器误差作了分类，包括制造误差、安装误差、仪器重力变形和热变形的影响，还分别列出了各种误差测量设备的制造误差、安装误差、读数零点偏差及其漂移的影响。文中强调了在该仪器误差修正中，不建立和使用任何误差模型，而是采用实时测定值，并且特别注意消除系统误差的影响，在这基础上，才能通过重复采数来压缩随机误差的影响。 相似文献
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M. V. Samokhin 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1993,61(1):29-37
Using the well-known equation for the normal component of the current which exist near the tangential discontinuity in the plasma in the case of the frozen-in magnetic field, and supposing that the current closes in the ionosphere in the auroral oval in the region 1, one calculates and compares with the data of observations the dependence of the density of the field-aligned current at the level of the ionosphere on the local time. 相似文献
6.
A. P. Vidmachenko 《Kinematics and Physics of Celestial Bodies》2016,32(6):283-293
From our investigation of the behavior of changes in the visible brightness of Jupiter observed since 1850, it follows that the 22.3-year Hale magnetic cycle of solar activity produces the dominating influence on the processes taking place in the troposphere at a level of forming the upper boundary of clouds. The maximum values of the integral brightness of Jupiter fall on the solar cycle with the highest value of the Wolf number for the last 165 years (around 1957). The lowest estimates of brightness were obtained in 1855, when the Wolf number in the 12th solar-activity cycle was smallest. The analysis of the reflectance of Jupiter’s hemispheres in the visible spectral range for 1962–2015 revealed the alternating increase in the brightness of southern and northern tropical and middle regions for one rotation period of Jupiter about the Sun. Such a change in brightness and the increase in the activity of different hemispheres of the planet may indicate the periodic global alteration in the circulation system, the structure of cloud layers, and the overcloud haze. This suggests the interrelation between the observed variations in the reflectance of the considered latitudinal belts of Jupiter and the change in the axial tilts of the planet itself and its magnetic field to the orbital plane, i.e., the seasonal alteration in the atmosphere. The comparison of the temporal dependence of the activity factor A j of the Jovian hemispheres in the visible spectral range with the change in the solar-activity index R shows that, from 1962 to 1995, these parameters almost synchronously changed, though the response of the visible cloud layer somewhat lagged behind the regime of exposure of the atmosphere to the Sun. The analysis shows that, when the planet is moving along the orbit, the reflectance of Jupiter’s hemispheres varies in response to the 21-percent change in the exposure of different hemispheres with a lag of 6 years. Such a lag coincides with the radiation- relaxation time of the hydrogen–helium atmosphere under the Jovian conditions. Desynchronization in their behavior that occurred after 1997 may be explained by the unbalanced influence of the three mentioned causes on the atmosphere of the planet. 相似文献
7.
把抛物面天线的偏焦理论应用于FASTL波段多波束馈源系统的设计,分析了馈源喇叭横向偏焦距离与相应波束偏离角之间的关系,结合多波束射电望远镜扫描方式的要求,给出了FASTL波段多波束馈源的工作带宽、多波束馈源中相邻喇叭的间距以及喇叭口径大小的限制,并对正六边形阵列中处于不同位置的喇叭对应的波束的主瓣情况作了详细计算和分析。由此说明了FASTL波段多波束馈源采用19波束的可行性。另一方面,根据得到的工作频率带宽和喇叭口径大小的情况,对OMT和喇叭类型的选择进行了探讨。本文给出了FASTL波段多波束系统的大概轮廓,为进一步精确设计指明了方向。 相似文献
8.
In the present paper, the piston model of the coronal transient (see Hu. 1983a, b is discssed in detail, and the quantitative results of unsteady gasdynamics are applied to the coronal transient processes. The piston model explains the major features of the transient observations, such as the density profile, the geometric configuration, the kinetic process and the classifications of the coronal transient. Based on the idea of piston model, the bright feature and the dark feature of the transient are the gasdynamical response of the dense plasma ejecting into the corona, and associate with the compressed and rarefied flows, respectively. The quantitative results show that the density increment in the compressed region and the density decrement in the rarefied region are one order of magnitude larger and smaller, respectively, to the density in the quiet corona, it agrees quantitatively with the observations, and both the bright feature and dark feature are explained at the same time. 相似文献
9.
In this paper, the lunar gravity assist (LGA) orbits starting from the Earth are investigated in the Sun–Earth–Moon–spacecraft restricted four-body problem (RFBP). First of all, the sphere of influence of the Earth–Moon system (SOIEM) is derived. Numerical calculation displays that inside the SOIEM, the effect of the Sun on the LGA orbits is quite small, but outside the SOIEM, the Sun perturbation can remarkably influence the trend of the LGA orbit. To analyze the effect of the Sun, the RFBP outside the SOIEM is approximately replaced by a planar circular restricted three-body problem, where, in the latter case, the Sun and the Earth–Moon barycenter act as primaries. The stable manifolds associated with the libration point orbit and their Poincaré sections on the SOIEM are applied to investigating the LGA orbit. According to our research, the patched LGA orbits on the Poincaré sections can efficiently distinguish the transit LGA orbits from the non-transit LGA orbits under the RFBP. The former orbits can pass through the region around libration point away from the SOIEM, but the latter orbits will bounce back to the SOIEM. Besides, the stable transit probability is defined and analyzed. According to the variant requirement of the space mission, the results obtained can help us select the LGA orbit and the launch window. 相似文献
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In the present study an investigation of the collision orbits of natural satellites of the Moon (considered to be of finite dimensions) is developed, and the tendency of natural satellites of the Moon to collide on the visible or the far side of the Moon is studied. The collision course of the satellite is studied up to its impact on the lunar surface for perturbations of its initial orbit arbitrarily induced, for example, by the explosion of a meteorite. Several initial conditions regarding the position of the satellite to collide with the Moon on its near (visible) or far (invisible) side is examined in connection to the initial conditions and the direction of the motion of the satellite. The distribution of the lunar craters-originating impact of lunar satellites or celestial bodies which followed a course around the Moon and lost their stability - is examined. First, we consider the planar motion of the natural satellite and its collision on the Moon's surface without the presence of the Earth and Sun. The initial velocities of the satellite are determined in such a way so its impact on the lunar surface takes place on the visible side of the Moon. Then, we continue imparting these velocities to the satellite, but now in the presence of the Earth and Sun; and study the forementioned impacts of the satellites but now in the Earth-Moon-Satellite system influenced also by the Sun. The initial distances of the satellite are taken as the distances which have been used to compute periodic orbits in the planar restricted three-body problem (cf. Gousidou-Koutita, 1980) and its direction takes different angles with the x-axis (Earth-Moon axis). Finally, we summarise the tendency of the satellite's impact on the visible or invisible side of the Moon. 相似文献
13.
E.D. Kuznetsov 《Planetary and Space Science》1997,45(12):1595-1606
The equation for calculation of the required accuracy of the perturbing bodies motion theories is obtained. The equation relates the accuracy required to take into account perturbing acceleration, acting on the perturbed body, with the accuracy of the motion theory of the perturbing body. The solutions for estimation of the required accuracy both for the inner and the external cases in the spherical coordinates are coincided. The solution for the calculation of the required accuracy for the general case (combining the inner and the external cases) in Cartesian coordinates is obtained. The special cases for the solution in Cartesian coordinates are studied. As an example, the estimations of the required accuracy of the motion theories of the solar system planets for some perturbed bodies (the near-Earth asteroid 4179 Toutatis, the main belt asteroid 208 Larcimosa, the trojan asteroid 588 Achilles, the centaur asteroid 5145 Pholus, the Kuiper belt asteroid 1995 QZ9, the comet Halley) are obtained. The conditions of the use of the obtained results are discussed. 相似文献
14.
本文在中子星磁层与吸积盘之间引入了一个速度、密度、压强和磁场都连续变化的有限厚度的剪切层,以代替Anzer理论中的切向间断面,用磁流体力学方法讨论了中子星磁层与吸积盘交界处等离子体可压缩情况下平面波扰动的K-H不稳定性。结果表明,K-H不稳定性依然存在,径向波矢扰动成为不稳定的主要模式。文中特别讨论了剪切层厚度取值对中子星自转的影响,表明适当调节剪切层厚度就可解释X射线脉冲星周期的变化。将此模型应用到脉冲X射线源Her X-1上,得到较好的结果。 相似文献
15.
Maria Gousidou-Koutita 《Earth, Moon, and Planets》1985,32(1):21-45
The present study deals with numerical modeling of the elliptic restricted three-body problem as well as of the perturbed elliptic restricted three-body (Earth-Moon-Satellite) problem by a fourth body (Sun). Two numerical algorithms are established and investigated. The first is based on the method of the series solution of the differential equations and the second is based on a 5th-order Runge-Kutta method. The applications concern the solution of the equations and integrals of motion of the circular and elliptical restricted three-body problem as well as the search for periodic orbits of the natural satellites of the Moon in the Earth-Moon system in both cases in which the Moon describes circular or elliptical orbit around the Earth before the perturbations induced by the Sun. After the introduction of the perturbations in the Earth-Moon-Satellite system the motions of the Moon and the Satellite are studied with the same initial conditions which give periodic orbits for the unperturbed elliptic problem. 相似文献
16.
对太阳活动和太阳风影响地球自转的研究现状作了评述。首先了地球自转变化的表示和测定方法，引起地球自转变化的各种扰动源以及自转长期变化中的潮汐效应和非潮汐效应。然后对地球自转变化中的太阳活动周期调制，太阳耀斑可能引起地球自转突然减速以及太阳风能否影响地球自转等问题的国内外研究现状和结果、分析作了谰论性阐述，最后作了简要总结。 相似文献
17.
An Improved Grey Model and Its Application Research on the Prediction of Real-time GPS Satellite Clock Errors 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In the work on the real-time GPS precise point positioning, the realtime and reliable prediction of the satellite clock error is one of the keys to the realization of the GPS real-time high accuracy point positioning. The satelliteborne GPS atomic clock has high frequency, is very sensitive and extremely easy to be influenced by the outside world and its own factors. Therefore, it is very difficult for one to know well its complicated and detailed law of change, with these attributes being in accordance with the characteristics of the theory of grey system. Thus, it is considered that the process of variation of the clock error is regarded as a grey system. On the basis of the exploration of the limitations of the quadratic polynomial and grey model satellite clock error predictions, the research on the real-time prediction of the GPS satellite clock error by taking advantage of the improved grey model is proposed. Finally, the materials of the GPS satellite clock error of 3 different time intervals are used to make the accuracy analysis of the clock error prediction of different sampling intervals, to study the relation between the grey model exponential coefficient and the prediction accuracy and to make the analysis of the comparison of the prediction accuracy with that of the quadratic polynomial method. The general relation between the different types of satellite clock errors and the model exponential coefficients is summarized and compared with the IGS final clock error ephemeris product to test and verify the feasibility and availability of the improved prediction model proposed in the present article so as to provide the higher-accuracy satellite clock error products for the real-time GPS dynamic precise point positioning. 相似文献
18.
We consider a model of a coronal loop in the form of a cord surrounded by a coaxial shell. Two slow magnetosonic waves longitudinally propagate within a thin flux tube on the m=0 cylindrical mode with velocities close to the tube velocities in the cord and the shell. One wave propagates inside the cord, while the other propagates inside the shell. A peculiar feature of the second wave is that the plasma in the cord and the shell oscillates with opposite phases. There are two fast magnetosonic waves on each of the cylindrical modes with m>0. If the plasma density in the shell is lower than that in the surrounding corona, then one of the waves is radiated into the corona, which causes the loop oscillations to be damped, while the other wave is trapped by the cord, but can also be radiated out under certain conditions. If the plasma density in the shell is higher than that in the cord, then one of the waves is trapped by the shell, while the other wave can also be trapped by the shell under certain conditions. In the wave trapped by the shell and the wave radiated by the tube, the plasma in the cord and the shell oscillates with opposite phases. 相似文献
19.
A pulsar has the very stable rotation and can be used as the time standard. The astrometric parameters and astrophysical parameters of many pulsars, such as the spatial position, proper motion, distance, rotation period and its derivative, etc., can be all accurately determined. Since the pulsar can provide the time signal and the coordinates of its spatial position simultaneously, the pulsar navigation system installed on a spacecraft enables the autonomous navigation of the spacecraft to be realized. Firstly, the position of the spacecraft is predicted based on the equation of orbit dynamics of the spacecraft and then the Kalman filtering is applied to calculating the estimation error of the spacecraft position through the difference between the pulse arrival time observed on the spacecraft and the predicted pulse arrival time, thereby modifying the position of the spacecraft. Finally, the effects of the initial error, measuring accuracy of the pulse arrival time and number of pulsars on the navigation accuracy are analyzed. 相似文献
20.
We study thermal instability in a magnetized and partially ionized plasma with charged dust particles. Our linear analysis shows that the growth rate of the unstable modes in the presence of dust particles strongly depends on the ratio of the cooling rate and the modified dust-cyclotron frequency. If the cooling rate is less than the modified dust-cyclotron frequency, then the growth rate of the condensation modes does not modify due to the existence of the charged dust particles. But, when the cooling rate is greater than (or comparable to) the modified dust-cyclotron frequency, the growth rate of unstable modes increases because of the dust particles. Also, the wavenumber of the perturbations corresponding to the maximum growth rate shifts to the smaller values (larger wavelengths) as the cooling rate becomes larger than the modified dust-cyclotron frequency. We show that the growth rate of the condensation modes increases with the electrical charge of the dust particles. 相似文献