共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
1.
五大连池火山岩浆中氟,氯,硫,磷的丰度和演化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
五大连池火山岩浆是一种浅部结晶(压力<91MPa)的碧玄质岩浆,含水2—4 wt％。在火山演化史中,岩浆基性度不断增高,碱度(K_2O)降低。从中更新世至全新世早期喷发,岩浆中氯、磷和氟的浓度(ppm)分别由1430、1500和2470降低到700、1100和200,演化到近代(1719—1721年)喷发,氯、磷和氟的浓度复又上升,分别增加到2800、7900和800。在火山岩浆结晶演化过程中,氟和磷趋向富集于残余岩浆中。而因氯易被水蒸汽携带逸失,使残余岩浆明显贫氯(100—300)。五大连池火山岩浆中硫、~(87)Sr/~(86)Sr和δ~(18)O值均低,表明它们源自上地幔,并未受陆壳物质的混染。 相似文献
2.
论桐庐中生代火山岩岩浆演化 总被引：1，自引：2，他引：1
桐庐中生代火山侵入活动为同源多期喷发-侵出-侵入。矿物中岩浆包裹体温压地球化学研究表明,由下地壳部分熔融产生的钙碱性岩浆,在火山岩浆房内已经发生明显分异。火山岩浆房的深度约为10—11km(上限值)。火山岩浆中含水4—6％(重量％)。在火山活动演化史中,岩浆房上部的酸性分异岩浆,fo_2相对较高,P总(H_2O)较低,先行喷出地表形成流纹质、英安流纹质灰流凝灰岩。层位稍下的中酸性岩浆稍后挤出地表或挤入近地表浅部,形成侵出相碎斑英安岩。岩浆房下部的中性分异岩浆,fo_2最低(10~(-13·29)Pa),P总(H_2O)最高(300—320MPa),最后上侵,形成石英二长岩-石英二长闪长岩等浅成侵入体。 相似文献
3.
浙江桐庐和寿昌中生代火山事件分别为同源和异源多期火山活动。由下地壳部分熔融产生的钙碱性岩浆,在火山岩浆房内曾发生明显分异。桐庐中生代火山岩浆房的深度约为10-11km(上限值),火山岩浆中含水4-6(重量％)。在火山活动演化史中甲岩浆房上部的酸性分异岩浆,fo_2相对较高,P总(H_2O)较低,先行喷出地表,形成流纹质、英安流纹质灰流凝灰岩。层位稍下的中酸性分异岩浆稍后挤出地表或挤入近地表浅部,形成侵出相碎斑英安岩。岩浆演化过程中,上升岩浆的基性度、P总和挥发组分含量不断增高,fo_2渐趋降低,从而导致矿物结晶温度逐渐降低。岩浆房下部的中性分异岩浆,fo_2最低(10～(-18·29)bar),P总(H_2O)最高(300-320MPa),最后上侵,形成石英二长岩-石英二长闪长岩等浅成侵入体。寿昌中生代钙碱性火山岩浆房的位置明显较浅(深度上限值约为2km),岩浆中水蒸汽含量偏高,从而造成该区中生代火山活动以爆发型喷发为主。 相似文献
4.
浙江桐庐、寿昌等地区火山杂岩中岩浆包裹体温压地球化学研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
浙江桐庐和寿昌中生代火山事件分别为同源和异源多期火山活动。由下地壳部分熔融产生的钙碱性岩浆,在火山岩浆房内曾发生明显分异。桐庐中生代火山岩浆房的深度约为10—11km(上限值),火山岩浆中含水4—6(重量％)。在火山活动演化史中岩浆房上部的酸性分异岩浆,fo_2相对较高,P总(H_2O)较低,先行喷出地表,形成流纹质、英安流纹质灰流凝灰岩。层位稍下的中酸性分异岩浆稍后挤出地表或挤入近地表浅部,形成侵出相碎斑英安岩。岩浆演化过程中,上升岩浆的基性度、P总和挥发组分含量不断增高,fo_2渐趋降低,从而导致矿物结晶温度逐渐降低。岩浆房下部的中性分异岩浆,fo_2最低(10~(-18.29)bar),P总(H_2O)最高(300—320MPa),最后上侵,形成石英二长岩—石英二长闪长岩等浅成侵入体。寿昌中生代钙碱性火山岩浆房的位置明显较浅(深度上限值约为2km),岩浆中水蒸汽含量偏高,从而造成该区中生代火山活动以爆发型喷发为主。 相似文献
5.
长白山天池火山双岩浆房岩浆作用与互动式喷发 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
广义的长白山火山在我国境内包括天池火山、望天鹅火山、图们江火山和龙岗火山,是我国最大的第四纪火山岩分布区。长白山各个火山区的火山活动具有此起彼伏的穿时性特征,天池火山之下地壳和地幔两个岩浆房具有上下呼应、互动式喷发之特点。一方面来自地幔的钾质粗面玄武岩浆直接喷出地表,在天池火山锥体内外形成诸多小火山渣锥;另一方面钾质粗面玄武岩浆持续补给地壳岩浆房,发生岩浆分离结晶作用和混合作用,形成双峰式火山岩特征并触发千年大喷发。西太平洋板块俯冲-东北亚大陆弧后引张是长白山天池火山喷发的动力学机制。 相似文献
6.
加勒比海圣卢西亚岛最新喷发(<1百万年)的英安质熔岩属钙-碱性火山岩系。呈岩穹、岩钟状火山侵出体及猛烈喷发的浮岩相产出。根据矿物学及岩浆包裹体温压地球化学研究,英安质浮岩富含挥发组分,各类矿物斑晶在岩浆结晶分异晚期,于800-900℃、0.6-1.8千巴(P_(H_2O))条件下近于同时结晶析出;英安岩侵出体形成于猛烈爆发之后,气体大量逸出,挥发分含量较低,各类矿物斑晶于880℃、1千巴(P_(H_2O))条件下近于同时结晶析出。 相似文献
7.
硅质火山喷发作为大陆地壳岩浆活动的重要表现，在研究大陆地壳形成与演化、探讨岩浆过程与动力学机制等方面具有重要的价值，其通常所表现的强烈爆炸式喷发，甚至可以导致全球性的环境和气候变迁。硅质岩浆系统在开放体系中不同来源岩浆的贡献和相互作用是目前研究的热点问题。持续的岩浆补给可以延长岩浆存储的时间，促进岩浆房的对流、岩浆的分异演化以及晶体 熔体的分离和晶粥的再活化，同时也是触发火山喷发的重要机制之一。此外，岩浆补给以及硅质岩浆的晶体 熔体演化过程也是火山喷发产物多样性的原因，导致同一火山在其活动过程中喷发产物规律性的变化，如富晶体火山岩、贫晶体火山岩、火山岩成分分层、以及复活岩穹和中央侵入体等。因此，岩浆补给作用是制约硅质火山岩浆系统演化和火山岩成分多样性的重要因素，也是活动火山监测和灾害评估的重要依据。岩石学、岩石地球化学、矿物(长石、石英、石榴子石、锆石等)同位素及成分变化，以及模拟实验、地震层析成像等研究为揭示硅质岩浆系统中的岩浆补给作用和复杂岩浆过程提供了多种视角。 相似文献
8.
《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2015,(6)
<正>岩浆中的H_2O和CO_2含量不仅影响了火山喷发的强度和形式,也是推断斑晶结晶条件以至于岩浆演化途径的重要指标。矿物中的熔体包裹体是常用的限定岩浆中H_2O和CO_2含量的样品。熔体包裹体被捕获后,在冷却的过程中由于压力的降低,经常会产生收缩泡(shrinkage bubble),从而可能导致低溶解度的CO_2的出溶,造成熔体包裹体中CO_2的 相似文献
9.
中国年轻火山岩铀钍(U-Th)非平衡研究进展 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
本文简述近些年中国年轻火山岩的铀钍非平衡研究进展.中国东部(五大连池,天池,镜泊湖,龙岗,大兴安岭,海南岛)的年轻火山岩都显示显著的230Th过剩,表明岩浆来源于含石榴子石的深部地幔,并且部分熔融速率低.其中五大连池主要来自深部(≥75km)的岩石圈地幔,天池、镜泊湖、龙岗和大兴安岭岩浆主要来自软流圈地幔,而海南岛火山岩则显示下地慢特征.中国东部年轻火山岩中U-Th非平衡并没有显示俯冲的太平洋板块对年轻火山岩的物质贡献.我们近来发现年轻火山岩中含有锆石.长白山天池火山岩千年喷发的碱流岩中的锆石U-Th等时线年龄为7～10ka.腾冲马鞍山的锆石表面U-Th等时线年龄为55ka,而锆石内部年龄是90ka.锆石年龄可能表明,相对于腾冲马鞍山的小喷发,大喷发的长白山天池火山岩浆滞留年龄短.长白山天池火山的很短的滞留时间表明其存在危险性. 相似文献
10.
长白山火山活动历史、岩浆演化与喷发机制探讨 总被引：18，自引：0，他引：18
广义的长白山火山在我国境内包括著名的天池火山、望天鹅火山、图们江火山和龙岗火山,是我国最大的第四纪火山岩分布区。图们江火山和望天鹅火山活动都始于上新世,喷发活动分别介于上新世—中更新世（5.5~0.19 Ma）和上新世—早更新世（4.77 ~2.12 Ma）。天池火山和龙岗火山属于第四纪火山,喷发活动从早更新世（~2 Ma）持续到全新世。图们江火山岩为溢流式喷发的拉斑玄武岩,望天鹅火山、天池火山和龙岗火山母岩浆都是钾质粗面玄武岩,但经历了不同的演化过程。天池火山和望天鹅火山都经历了钾质粗面玄武岩造盾、粗面岩造锥和晚期碱性酸性岩浆（碱流岩和碱性流纹岩）的喷发;龙岗火山来自地幔的钾质粗面玄武岩浆则未经演化和混染直接喷出地表。图们江火山岩以溢流式喷发的拉斑玄武岩为主,少量玄武质粗安岩等。天池火山造盾之后,地壳岩浆房和地幔岩浆房具互动式喷发特点,来自地幔的钾质粗面玄武岩浆一方面在天池火山锥体内外形成诸多小火山渣锥,另一方面持续补给地壳岩浆房发生岩浆分离结晶作用和混合作用,分别导致双峰式火山岩分布特征和触发千年大喷发。火山岩微量元素和Sr-Nd-Pb同位素示踪揭示,长白山东（图们江火山、望天鹅火山和天池火山）、西（龙岗火山）两区显示地幔非均一性,东区岩浆源区具有软流圈地幔与富集岩石圈地幔混合特征,西区岩浆源区具有相对亏损的较原始地幔特征。西太平洋板块俯冲—东北亚大陆弧后引张是长白山火山活动的动力学机制。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
15.
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
16.
正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
18.
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献