共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
Melissa R. Gilbert 《The Professional geographer》1994,46(1):90-96
Feminist research methodologies have many advantages over more traditional positivist methodologies. Feminist research is differentiated from nonfeminist research in terms of its critiques of universality and objectivity and its emancipatory purpose. Drawing on my own research on the survival strategies of low-waged women workers in Worcester, Massachusetts, I argue that we need to examine more critically our feminist research methods in terms of the unequal power relationships on which the research process necessarily rests. 相似文献
2.
SUE PLOWMAN 《New Zealand geographer》1995,51(1):19-21
Debates about research methodologies have recently gained currency in human geography. This paper examines my response to qualitative research I recently undertook on female single parents and their residential location choice. I discuss the methodology and examine issue of positionality and reflexivity as their elate to my research. 相似文献
3.
Jesse Proudfoot 《The Professional geographer》2013,65(4):507-518
This article addresses how psychoanalytic methodologies can be used to conduct and analyze semistructured interviews. Drawing on my work as a research assistant during the summer of 2006, I discuss the process of interviewing soccer fans who attended televised broadcasts of the FIFA World Cup soccer matches in cafés in Vancouver, British Columbia. The research examined the emotional geographies of nationalism and consumption using the Lacanian psychoanalytic concept of enjoyment. Reflecting on the intersubjective and embodied dimensions of the interview process, this article discusses the difficulties of capturing and conveying interviewees' enjoyment. Specifically, I explore how enjoyment, which is partially extradiscursive, disappears when articulated and represented through speech. I assert that psychoanalytic attempts to methodologically grasp enjoyment must be attentive to not only how subjects represent their enjoyment through discourse but also to their tears, ecstatic chanting, and celebration; that is, to the enactment of enjoyment itself. 相似文献
4.
Robert D. Wilton 《The Professional geographer》1999,51(2):254-264
In this paper, I look at the use of qualitative methods in health geography. I focus on two projects using in-depth interviews with people with HIV/AIDS. Drawing from feminist work on qualitative methodologies and the production of knowledge, two questions are posed. First, what insights do interviews offer about people's daily experiences with HIV/AIDS? Second, given that interviews involve direct contact between interviewer and respondent, what are the implications of using this methodology? Projects reveal that living with HIV/AIDS involves a complex series of negotiations. These include negotiating one's own identity within medical discourse, dealing with health care professionals, and choosing how to use medication. The projects also indicate that qualitative research itself involves a process of negotiation. Researchers' preconceptions, interview settings and formats, and relationships established during research can effect research outcomes andresearch participants. I argue that a willingness to reflect critically on the use of qualitative methods is needed to safeguard against these unintended consequences. 相似文献
5.
《The Professional geographer》2013,65(2):254-264
In this paper, I look at the use of qualitative methods in health geography. I focus on two projects using in-depth interviews with people with HIV/AIDS. Drawing from feminist work on qualitative methodologies and the production of knowledge, two questions are posed. First, what insights do interviews offer about people's daily experiences with HIV/AIDS? Second, given that interviews involve direct contact between interviewer and respondent, what are the implications of using this methodology? Projects reveal that living with HIV/AIDS involves a complex series of negotiations. These include negotiating one's own identity within medical discourse, dealing with health care professionals, and choosing how to use medication. The projects also indicate that qualitative research itself involves a process of negotiation. Researchers' preconceptions, interview settings and formats, and relationships established during research can effect research outcomes andresearch participants. I argue that a willingness to reflect critically on the use of qualitative methods is needed to safeguard against these unintended consequences. 相似文献
6.
国外基于GIS土地适宜性评价研究进展及展望 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
土地适宜性评价是土地利用总体规划的一项基本工作和重要内容。随着全球人口的增长及环境问题的日益加剧,研究探讨土地适宜性是处理好人口与资源、走可持续发展之路的重要课题。通过对大量文献的检索,较为系统地总结了国外学者有关基于GIS的土地适宜性评价的观点,按照土地适宜性评价方法的发展历程,将其分为三个方面：计算机辅助叠加制图、基于GIS多指标决策方法和人工智能建模。对于目前常用的基于GIS多指标决策和人工智能建模两种方法进行了评析;并提出评价方法正向精确化、综合化和动态化的方向发展,建议注重土地适宜性评价方法的空间尺度转换,力争在未来实现网络化、可视化。 相似文献
7.
Assessing desertification 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：8
It is widely recognized that desertification is a serious threat to arid and semiarid environments—which cover 40% of the global land surface and are populated by approximately 1 billion humans. Given the potential relevance of this problem, it is surprising that there is no consensus on the proper way to assess the desertification status of a piece of land. During the last 70 years, conflicting definitions have produced both different assessment methodologies and divergent estimates. Contrary to conceptual issues on desertification, assessment methodologies have not been reviewed comprehensively. Here, we critically review the most common methodologies to assess desertification, and describe their principal consequences on scientific and social arenas.We show that desertification assessment has shifted from simple appraisals of the interannual movement of desert boundaries to complex multivariate field surveys, to practical methodologies based on indicators of ecosystem functioning, such as rain use efficiency. Although often regarded as an evidence of stagnation and failure, these methodologies reflect the progress that desertification ecology has experienced. Future challenges for properly assessing desertification are (1) the lack of reference situations against which actual desertification could be compared, and (2) the difficulties that appear when desertification operates through structural rather than functional ecosystem changes.The coexistence of conflicting definitions and divergent estimates negatively affects societal perception, leading to scepticism and, ultimately, to a delay of eventual solutions. Societies must recognize the progress desertification ecology has made, leave behind concepts that no longer represent current knowledge, grasp the opportunity to better assess the extent and intensity of the problem, and, for the time being, realize that assessing desertification is an unsolved issue. 相似文献
8.
Reflections on participatory research 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Participatory research approaches are increasingly popular with geographers in developed as well as developing countries, as critical qualitative methodologies which at their best work with participants to effect change. This paper adds to recent debates over the methodologies, practices, philosophical and political issues involved. Drawing on a project on young people, exclusion and crime victimization in Newcastle upon Tyne, England, we discuss the limitations of participatory diagramming and illustrate some of the social and political barriers to meaningful participation in, and action from, this type of research. 相似文献
9.
Andreas Wilkes 《云南地理环境研究》1999,(Z1)
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10.
Deborah Sporton 《The Professional geographer》1999,51(1):68-76
Fertility research in population geography is rooted in a spatial demography tradition which places emphasis on the use of quantitative methodologies to analyse, model and project fertility. As data sources have become more sophisticated and abundant some have questioned whether research within the discipline is now too data-oriented resulting in a reluctance to embrace new methods and concepts. Alternative conceptualisations of fertility and reproduction are outlined which represent a shift away from general explanation to more differentiated understandings of reproductive behaviour and favour the use of qualitative methodologies in combination or in a multi-level framework. The paper illustrates, with reference to a research project in the Kalahari of Botswana, the potential for methodological pluralism in the study of fertility. 相似文献
11.
定性地理信息系统在城市社会空间研究中的应用 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
定性地理信息系统(定性GIS)是西方人文地理学定性研究的重要方法。它集成了定性和空间元素,更全面地阐明空间背景是如何被社会建构的。这种多元要素的整合,可以表达人们生活空间的多样性和复杂性,有助于展示生活路径的三维可视化细节,实现可视化社会空间过程。本文试图梳理西方定性GIS的方法论并探讨其在基于情感表达的个体数据采集分析、基于混合方法的可视化活动空间研究以及基于多重互动视角的社会空间研究中的应用。定性GIS包含微观和宏观层面的多重含义,使得研究者可以从多个有利位置观察问题并参与其中,有助于城市社会空间研究理论创新,为社会空间研究提供可探索空间。最后,从学科建设、方法论拓展、研究成果表达和研究议题选择等方面对中国开展同类研究进行展望。 相似文献
12.
《The Professional geographer》2013,65(1):68-76
Fertility research in population geography is rooted in a spatial demography tradition which places emphasis on the use of quantitative methodologies to analyse, model and project fertility. As data sources have become more sophisticated and abundant some have questioned whether research within the discipline is now too data-oriented resulting in a reluctance to embrace new methods and concepts. Alternative conceptualisations of fertility and reproduction are outlined which represent a shift away from general explanation to more differentiated understandings of reproductive behaviour and favour the use of qualitative methodologies in combination or in a multi-level framework. The paper illustrates, with reference to a research project in the Kalahari of Botswana, the potential for methodological pluralism in the study of fertility. 相似文献
13.
机动车污染是城市大气污染物的重要来源,城市机动车污染排放量模拟对城市街区环境污染状况监测和污染治理都有重要参考价值.目前确定排放因子的方法有底盘测控仪检测、模型计算法、公路隧道法、车载尾气检测系统.文中分析了这些方法的特点和适用条件.国内外也在污染排放模拟方面建立了高斯模型、经验模型、数值模拟模型、箱模型等模型,给出了一个适用于清洁能源的修正模型.排放模型与GIS技术结合后,增加了数据获取的途径、增强了数据分析方法,也使分析过程和计算结果表达得更直观. 相似文献
14.
Ishitsuka Kazuya Kobayashi Yosuke Watanabe Norihiro Yamaya Yusuke Bjarkason Elvar Suzuki Anna Mogi Toru Asanuma Hiroshi Kajiwara Tatsuya Sugimoto Takeshi Saito Ryoichi 《Natural Resources Research》2021,30(5):3289-3314
The temperature distribution at depth is a key variable when assessing the potential of a supercritical geothermal resource as well as a conventional geothermal resource. Data-driven estimation by a machine-learning approach is a promising way to estimate temperature distributions at depth in geothermal fields. In this study, we developed two methodologies—one based on Bayesian estimation and the other on neural networks—to estimate temperature distributions in geothermal fields. These methodologies can be used to supplement existing temperature logs, by estimating temperature distributions in unexplored regions of the subsurface, based on electrical resistivity data, observed geological/mineralogical boundaries, and microseismic observations. We evaluated the accuracy and characteristics of these methodologies using a numerical model of the Kakkonda geothermal field, Japan, where a temperature above 500 °C was observed below a depth of about 3.7 km. When using geological and geophysical knowledge as prior information for the machine learning methods, the results demonstrate that the approaches can provide subsurface temperature estimates that are consistent with the temperature distribution given by the numerical model. Using a numerical model as a benchmark helps to understand the characteristics of the machine learning approaches and may help to identify ways of improving these methods.
相似文献15.
Generally, multiple variables are sampled in addition to the one used to quantify the main phenomenon under study. In some
situations, this secondary information is sampled exhaustively for the study area and can be incorporated for helping in estimating
the variable of interest. There are several methodologies available for incorporating densely sampled secondary information.
Collocated cokriging is one of these methodologies and has the advantage to other methodologies, of accounting for spatial
correlation. However, one drawback in its application comes from the difficulty in modeling the coregionalization. Simplified
models of coregionalization were developed specifically for the collocated cokriging case.
This paper presents, through a case study, the incorporation of dense secondary information using collocated cokriging. The
watertable above a coal underground mine is mapped using water-level readings at monitoring piezometers complemented by highly
correlated topographic data. The incorporation of dense secondary information through the utilization of a linear model of
coregionalization and Markov models is comparatively evaluated in various aspects such as mathematical quality, coherence
with the natural phenomena and the ease of utilization and modeling. Simple kriging with local varying means also is evaluated
as it accounts for nonstationarity and is easily implemented. All these methods that incorporate topography as secondary information
for mapping the watertable provided maps more in accordance with the natural phenomena than ordinary kriging using the principal
attribute solely. Among these methods, strictly collocated cokriging using a linear model of coregionalization showed overall
superior performance. 相似文献
16.
The case for employing Deleuzian philosophical concepts for understanding local economic development
James E. Rowe 《Applied geography (Sevenoaks, England)》2012,32(1):73-79
What constitutes economic development in a globalised world has significantly changed in the last twenty years. The literature indicates that economic development lacks a dedicated coherent body of theory. The evidence to date suggests that a positivistic predictive theory may not be possible for economic development; however a constructionist explanatory meta-theory of economic development might be developed by employing poststructuralist methodologies. This paper suggests that one way forward in this impasse of theory and unquestioned orthodoxy might be with works of Gilles Deleuze. Deleuzian metaphorical concepts are inherently spatial and resonate well with economic development practitioners because both are concerned with physical events such as the location of a new branch manufacturing plant, a warehouse or a shopping centre. In this paper, I agrue that conventional or positivistic social science research approaches can only develop, at best, limited relevant theory for economic development. Such a general theory is not ‘particularly’ relevant because positive (or negative) economic growth often occurs regardless of the best efforts of the local practitioners. Deleuzian philosophical concepts provide metaphorical tools that may be useful for visualising spatial economic activities. These tools encourage a practitioner to develop innovative solutions to resolve local economic problems. Rhizomatic thinking has the potential to help a practitioner become more effective. 相似文献
17.
《Norsk geografisk tidsskrift. Norwegian journal of geography》2012,66(3):134-136
Researching forced migration issues, in a war or post-war context, poses numerous problems. Defining a forced migrant is not always easy, and there is often a large gap between ideal mandates and realpolitik in terms of humanitarian assistance, providing a challenge to research methodologies. 相似文献
18.
Criticisms of conventional knowledge production systems target their inability to address complex issues involving natural resources. In response, several researchers have adopted participatory research methodologies, incorporating more holistic problem-solving approaches that greatly value the knowledge and abilities of stakeholders. This case study explores forest science researchers' engagement strategies with stakeholders and how researchers can incorporate alternative approaches to knowledge production. We conducted semistructured interviews with forest science researchers, asking direct questions about how they define and work with stakeholders. Analysis revealed a great awareness among researchers for the need to cooperate with stakeholders and to incorporate their knowledge and abilities into the research process, as well as lamentations over structural, institutional, and resource limitations inhibiting the adoption of these practices. Our results reveal both how forest science researchers and institutes work with stakeholders and how they can better incorporate these stakeholder engagement methodologies into their research practices. 相似文献
19.
Mental health, ethnography and the body 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Hester Parr 《Area》1998,30(1):28-37
Summary Covert ethnographic research materials are used to highlight different individuals' embodied configurations of time and space (in this case people with mental health problems). Research relationships that revolve around body presentation and body movement are then examined. The problematic associations between covert ethnography and feminist methodologies are also addressed. 相似文献
20.
Summary A derived-demand approach to decomposing the service content of official statistics is developed and implemented on Canadian input-output data. Our principal finding is that the fundamental problem of separating consumer services from producer services (the 'mixed-market' problem) causes conventional supply-orientated methodologies substantially to overestimate the economic contribution of producer services to GDP. 相似文献