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1.
沉积物中的锆石裂变径迹分析可以用于示踪沉积盆地的源区性质及其构造演化信息。济阳坳陷新生界9块砂岩样品的锆石裂变径迹中值年龄介于183.1±15.0 Ma～100.0±5.6 Ma之间,锆石单颗粒年龄均大于其地层沉积年龄。对没有通过χ2检验的6块样品进行了多组分年龄分离分析,表明多数样品主要由2个年龄组分组成。总体上,砂岩锆石裂变径迹单组分年龄具有较好的一致性,主要介于389.1±5.1 Ma～272.7±14.6 Ma(P1)、238.1±7.8 Ma～203.6±6.6 Ma(P2)、179.3±13.9 Ma～96.8±17.8 Ma(P3)、80.3±15.7 Ma～55.3±6.0 Ma(P4)之间。这4组年龄组分分别记录了晚古生代、三叠纪、晚侏罗-早白垩世及晚白垩世-古新世时期内锆石裂变径迹完全退火时的年龄。结合区域地质背景认为,济阳坳陷新生界的主要物源是燕山运动中期强烈的构造岩浆活动期内发育的上侏罗统-下白垩统的火山岩和火山-碎屑岩系; 海西期、印支期以及燕山晚期-喜马拉雅山早期过渡时期的构造岩浆活动也对坳陷有少量物源贡献。 相似文献
2.
柯克亚剖面新生代晚期沉积物中磷灰石裂变径迹年龄及意义 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
西昆仑山前柯克亚剖面厚度约7 000 m,通过对该剖面4个样品的磷灰石裂变径迹特征进行的详细分析,按地层厚度计算,样品埋深应为3 000~5 000 m,按古地温梯度计算埋深温度至少为60℃,进入磷灰石裂变径迹的退火带温度.分析结果表明样品并未发生典型的退火过程,退火程度较弱.径迹长度的双峰态分布显示,样品曾经历部分退火带,形成短径迹,后期经抬升后,古地温低于60℃,长径迹形成.剖面上部厚层砾岩中样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄的分散性反映碎屑来源较复杂,埋藏受热时间较短,代表碎屑是经快速堆积的产物,与沉积记录反映的磨拉石成因与形成时代相一致. 相似文献
3.
对中国大陆科学钻探（CCSD）主孔0～4000的岩心样进行了裂变径迹年龄测定。在不同深度共测定了38个样品的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄，磷灰石的裂变径迹年龄数据分布在98．6-3．2Ma之间，年龄值的变化规律总体上是随钻孔深度的增加而逐渐减少，地表样的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄是87．1Ma，至3899m深处则为3．2Ma，基于磷灰石中裂变径迹的退火特征，反映出地壳温度随深度的增加而增加的规律。年龄值随深度的变化，也有若干波动，尤其是1550～2450m之间的这部分岩心，在年龄随深度变化的趋势上是不连续的，这部分岩体可以认为是一个重要的构造作用带。根据年龄一深度关系和约束径迹长度的分布特征，对超高压变质岩体的后期折返机制进行了探讨。 相似文献
4.
位于西秦岭文县弧形构造带的阳山金矿,是勉略缝合带内已探明金资源最大的独立金矿,且金矿形成后经历多期次构造活动,因此阳山金矿是研究矿床热演化、变化与保存的理想选区,其研究成果可用来约束金成矿时限,同时定量的隆升剥蚀数据可为深部找矿及矿床储藏提供远景潜力评价依据。本文采集钻孔矿化接触带中英云闪长斑岩脉,利用LA-ICP-MS技术进行裂变径迹测年。3件样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄中心值为124.3±6.4 Ma、146.4±6.3 Ma和117±13 Ma,其中一件样品磷灰石裂变径迹平均长度为12.11μm。热历史反演的时间-温度曲线表明,在146 Ma阳山金矿带内英云闪长斑岩脉体温度下降到磷灰石裂变径迹封闭温度区间(60～120℃),即在侏罗纪晚期或白垩纪早期之后,研究区几乎没有大规模岩浆活动或热液活动,缺乏与燕山期同时期区域性岩浆活动相对应的热事件。磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据分析认为,即使金矿带在喜马拉雅期可能存在微弱的热事件扰动,但岩浆热液活动规模较小且对金成矿作用贡献微乎其微。结合磷灰石热历史时间-温度曲线,阳山金矿带大规模成矿事件的时间集中在210～195 Ma区间,且热历史反演曲线未显示有... 相似文献
5.
天山北缘侏罗系地层热历史演化及其地质意义：磷灰石裂变径迹和镜质体反射率证据 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：3
对天山北缘石场-玛纳斯、安集海河和四棵树河地区18个样品进行了磷灰石裂变径迹年龄测定,同时测定了中生界地层10件裂变径迹样品相应煤层的镜质体反射率。结果表明地层由老到新镜质体反射率逐渐增加,磷灰石裂变径迹中值年龄逐渐降低。石场-玛纳斯地区,下部三叠系煤层镜质体反射率 R_o 值较低,为O.56%,磷灰石裂变径迹中值年龄较大,为125.3±9.1Ma;八道湾组煤层 R_o 为0.53%～0.64%,磷灰石裂变径迹中值年龄介于81.3±4.7～87.8±5.9Ma;上部西山窑组煤层 R_o 最高,达到0.81%,磷灰石裂变径迹中年龄较低,为44.0±5.4～11.8±1.8Ma;相同层位,东部石场-玛纳斯一带 R_o比西部四棵树地区高,磷灰石裂变径迹年龄刚好相反。磷灰石裂变径迹模拟结果表明中生界三叠系、下侏罗统地层的埋藏深度相对较浅,上覆沉积持续的时间到晚侏罗世到早白垩世基本上已经结束,然后保持在基本不变的深度,直至中新世,不整合在三叠系之下的花岗岩的模拟结果也支持这样的认识。晚侏罗世—早白垩世的冷却降温事件可能是地温梯度变化和隆升作用的共同结果;中侏罗统地层埋藏增温过程持续时间较长,在玛纳斯地区直至渐新世末期。所有样品中磷灰石裂变径迹模拟都记录了10Ma 左右的快速冷却过程,近4～5km 的地壳表层物质被剥蚀,平均剥蚀速率400～500m/Ma。这一剥蚀过程应该与天山地区的快速隆升,以及向北的冲断推覆作用相对应。天山地区山前带的变形应不早于10Ma,这一认识与野外地质证据一致。 相似文献
6.
文章在阐述柴达木盆地北缘砂岩型铀矿成矿地质特征的基础上,以磷灰石裂变径迹特征分析为依据,系统研究了该地区中新生代热演化及其与砂岩型铀矿成矿作用的关系。资料显示,区内中侏罗统具备较好的铀成矿条件,成矿类型以层间氧化带型和潜水氧化带型为主。磷灰石裂变径迹分析结果表明,样品的平均径迹长度为(11.71±0.17)μm±1σ~(12.58±0.18)μm±1σ,说明均经历过退火作用;样品的表观年龄为64.4~85Ma,说明区内构造活动具有多期、多阶段特点;基于裂变径迹的t-T曲线模拟结果表明,自120Ma以来,该地区的构造演化可以分为挤压隆升、断陷沉降、快速抬升3个阶段。因此,认为区内砂岩型铀矿主体应是早白垩世早期-古新世早期挤压隆升阶段形成的古矿体。现今的找矿方向,应是在活动强度相对较弱的构造活化区中寻找残留铀矿体,同时注重深部找矿。 相似文献
7.
柴西新生代沉积源区及盆地热历史的磷灰石裂变径迹分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
通过对柴达木盆地西部干柴沟地区西岔沟剖面10件新生代砂岩样品磷灰石裂变径迹年龄的分析和年龄-温度热演化史的模拟,研究了柴西新生代碎屑沉积岩源区及盆地的热历史.磷灰石样品大多未退火,来自不同的物源区.裂变径迹颗粒年龄分组显示,盆地经历了23.5,29.6,35.8 Ma 3次构造热事件;沉积物源区在42.0～40.5,39.0-37.5,14.0-11.5,6.0～4.5 Ma 发生了明显的构造活动,源区发生了较明显的变化,特别是12 Ma左右的构造活动,导致下油砂山组顶部物源发生了很大的改变;40.5～39.0,16～14,11.5～6.0 Ma沉积物的源区发生了明显的升降运动,导致剥蚀速率加快;平均围限径迹长度为9.4～11.7μm.总体来看,干柴沟地区及周缘山系在37～15 Ma近22 Ma的地质时期内一直比较稳定,30 Ma左右的热事件在盆地或周缘山系都有较明显的反映. 相似文献
8.
9.
西天山山脉多期次隆升-剥露的裂变径迹证据 总被引：21，自引：1，他引：21
磷灰石的裂变径迹法已经广泛地应用于限定山脉的隆升剥露历史研究。天山山脉的隆升历史一直存在争议,西天山山脉的构造隆升研究则相对更为缺乏。野外系统采集三个横穿西天山察汗乌苏山剖面的花岗岩、火山岩等样品,挑选磷灰石开展了裂变径迹测试分析工作。测试结果表明,西天山可能存在多期次的构造隆升事件;进一步利用实测的磷灰石裂变径迹年龄数据和径迹长度,开展了磷灰石的温度时间反演模拟研究。模拟结果结合区域性的地质资料分析推断,西天山山脉自中生代以来存在4个阶段构造隆升剥露事件,分别为:三叠纪末—早侏罗纪(220～180Ma)、侏罗纪中期(170～140Ma)、白垩纪中期(110～80Ma)和晚新生代(24Ma以来)。 相似文献
10.
裂变径迹方法约束的塘古兹巴斯坳陷中-新生代热演化史——来自青藏高原构造运动的响应 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
塘古兹巴斯坳陷中生代地层缺失严重,中生代以来的构造发育、隆升过程,是该区构造-沉积演化的难点。裂变径迹低温热年代学技术是近年来用于沉积盆地热史研究的新技术,在地质热事件定年、地质体热演化历史、构造区隆升与剥蚀等方面应用十分广泛,在确定隆升过程及热历史上有其独到的优越性。本文通过塘参1井钻井岩心样品的裂变径迹实验和热演化史模拟,结合地层发育情况,揭示了塘古兹巴斯坳陷中-新生代存在5个冷却抬升-增温沉降旋回,即248~240Ma(早-中三叠世)、199~120Ma(三叠纪末-早白垩世)、72~55Ma(晚白垩世-古新世)、24~15Ma(晚渐新世-早中新世)和7.4~2.2Ma(中新世晚期-上新世)等5个抬升冷却期,期间为沉降沉积期。此5个冷却阶段的平均冷却速率的变化具有先增后降的过程,从三叠纪至中新世期,平均冷却速率逐渐增大;在早中新世达到最大为4.22℃/Myr;晚中新世至今,平均冷却速率逐渐减小。反映了中-新生代以来隆升最快的时期为喜马拉雅中期(24~15Ma)。持续最长时间的抬升表现在侏罗纪-早白垩世中期,塘古兹巴斯坳陷处于前缘隆起,未接受沉积,并使中上三叠统沉积地层遭受剥蚀。且塘古兹巴斯坳陷中古生代及晚古生代早期沉积地层,在早-中三叠世前经历了较高的古地温,致使磷灰石样品发生完全退火,锆石样品部分退火,不同于相邻的巴楚地区。塘古兹巴斯坳陷热演化过程中冷却(抬升)及增温(沉降)事件的发生时期,与古特提斯、新特提斯闭合及印度-亚洲碰撞的关键时刻相吻合,可作为青藏高原多阶段构造运动的响应。 相似文献
11.
Police, politics, and the right to the city 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Mustafa Dikeç 《GeoJournal》2002,58(2-3):91-98
Space and spatiality have recently been at the core of debates concerning the political possibilities of the city. The arguments advanced in this paper might be seen as an attempt to contribute to these debates through a reflection on the spatiality of (in) justice, politics, and the right to the city. The case of French urban policy, with its focus on distressed urban areas, and the `suburban problem' in France are used as examples to make arguments more concrete. 相似文献
12.
E. M. Prasolov S. A. Sergeev B. V. Belyatsky E. S. Bogomolov K. A. Gruzdov I. N. Kapitonov R. Sh. Krymsky V. O. Khalenev 《Geochemistry International》2018,56(1):46-64
This paper reports the first results of a study of 11 isotope systems (3He/4He, 40Ar/36Ar, 34S/32S, 65Cu/63Cu, 62Ni/60Ni, 87Sr/86Sr, 143Nd/144Nd, 206–208Pb/204Pb, Hf–Nd, U–Pb, and Re–Os) in the rocks and ores of the Cu–Ni–PGE deposits of the Norilsk ore district. Almost all the results were obtained at the Center of Isotopic Research of the Karpinskii All-Russia Research Institute of Geology. The use of a number of independent genetic isotopic signatures and comprehensive isotopic knowledge provided a methodic basis for the interpretation of approximately 5000 isotopic analyses of various elements. The presence of materials from two sources, crust and mantle, was detected in the composition of the rocks and ores. The contribution of the crustal source is especially significant in the paleofluids (gas–liquid microinclusions) of the ore-forming medium. Crustal solutions were probably a transport medium during ore formation. Air argon is dominant in the ores, which indicates a connection between the paleofluids and the atmosphere. This suggests intense groundwater circulation during the crystallization of ore minerals. The age of the rocks and ores of the Norilsk deposits was determined. The stage of orebody formation is restricted to a narrow age interval of 250 ± 10 Ma. An isotopic criterion was proposed for the ore-bearing potential of mafic intrusions in the Norilsk–Taimyr region. It includes several interrelated isotopic ratios of various elements: He, Ar, S, and others. 相似文献
13.
I. M. Gorokhov M. A. Semikhatov M. M. Arakelyants E. A. Fallick N. N. Mel’nikov T. L. Turchenko T. A. Ivanovskaya T. S. Zaitseva E. P. Kutyavin 《Stratigraphy and Geological Correlation》2006,14(3):260-274
Clay subfractions (SFs) of <0.1, 0.1–0.2, 0.2–0.3, 0.3–0.6, 0.6–2 and 2–5 μm separated from Middle Riphean shales of the Debengda Formation are studied using the TEM, XRD, K-Ar and Rb-Sr isotopic methods. The oxygen and hydrogen isotope compositions in the SFs are studied as well. The low-temperature illite-smectite is dominant mineral in all the SFs except for the coarsest ones. The XRD, chemical and isotopic data imply that two generations of authigenic illite-smectite different in age are mixed in the SFs. The illite crystallinity index decreases in parallel with size diminishing of clay particles. As compared to coarser SFs, illite of fine-grained subfractions is enriched in Al relative to Fe and Mg, contains more K, and reveals higher K/Rb and Rb/Sr ratios. The Rb-Sr age calculated by means of the leachochron (“inner isochron”) method declines gradually from 1254-1272 Ma in the coarsest SFs to 1038-1044 Ma in finest ones, while the K-Ar age decreases simultaneously from 1225–1240 to 1080 Ma. The established positive correlation of δ18O and δD values with dimensions of clay particles in the SFs seems to be also consistent with the mixing systematics. The isotopic systematics along with data on mineral composition and morphology lead to the conclusion that mixedlayer illite-smectite was formed in the Debengda shales during two periods 1211–1272 and 1038–1080 Ma ago. The first period is likely close to the deposition time of sediments and corresponds to events of burial catagenesis, whereas the second one is correlative with the regional uplift and changes in hydrological regime during the pre-Khaipakh break in sedimentation. 相似文献
14.
Influences of the unsaturated,saturated, and riparian zones on the transport of nitrate near the Merced River,California, USA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Joseph L. Domagalski Steven P. Phillips E. Randall Bayless Celia Zamora Carol Kendall Richard A. WildmanJr Janet G. Hering 《Hydrogeology Journal》2008,16(4):675-690
Transport and transformation of nitrate was evaluated along a 1-km groundwater transect from an almond orchard to the Merced River, California, USA, within an irrigated agricultural setting. As indicated by measurements of pore-water nitrate and modeling using the root zone water quality model, about 63% of the applied nitrogen was transported through a 6.5-m unsaturated zone. Transport times from recharge locations to the edge of a riparian zone ranged from approximately 6 months to greater than 100 years. This allowed for partial denitrification in horizons having mildly reducing conditions, and essentially no denitrification in horizons with oxidizing conditions. Transport times across a 50–100-m-wide riparian zone of less than a year to over 6 years and more strongly reducing conditions resulted in greater rates of denitrification. Isotopic measurements and concentrations of excess N2 in water were indicative of denitrification with the highest rates below the Merced River. Discharge of water and nitrate into the river was dependent on gradients driven by irrigation or river stage. The results suggest that the assimilative capacity for nitrate of the groundwater system, and particularly the riverbed, is limiting the nitrate load to the Merced River in the study area. 相似文献
15.
扬子北缘马元铅锌矿床闪锌矿微量元素及S-Pb-He-Ar-C同位素地球化学研究 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
马元铅锌矿床是近年扬子陆块北缘铅锌找矿的新突破。矿体呈层状、似层状产于碑坝隆起翼部震旦系灯影组角砾状白云岩层间构造带中,围岩蚀变很弱。矿石中硫化物以闪锌矿、方铅矿为主,中粗粒晶质结构,充填于白云岩角砾间。闪锌矿富集Cd、Ge、Ag,贫In、Tl、Se,Ga/In为6~132,Ge/In多1000,成矿温度以中-低温为主。金属硫化物ε~(34)S值相对集中,为12.9‰~19.4‰,平均为17.4‰,来自于海相硫酸盐的还原。铅同位素组成稳定,~(206)Pb/~(204)Pb为17.858~17.918:~(207)Pb/~(204)Pb为15.603~15.694;~(208)Pb/~(204)Pb为37.756~38.046,具有造山带和上地壳铅的特征,震旦系可能提供了金属成矿物质。闪锌矿中流体包裹体的~3He/~4He为0.03Ra~1.05Ra,~(40)Ar/~(36)Ar为326.1~765.1,~(38)Ar/~(36)Ar为0.183~0.204,表明成矿流体主要为地壳流体和饱和大气水(大气降水或海水)的混合。闪锌矿内流体包裹体挥发分δ~(13)C_(CH_4)值为-36.01‰~-28.80‰,δ~(13)C_(C_2H_6)值为-27.72‰~-22.44‰,δ~(13)C_(CO_2)值为-23.24‰~-9.68‰,表明有机流体参与了成矿作用。石英、方解石的H-O同位素结果表明具有海水和有机水混合的特征。可见,成矿流体具有两种流体混合的特征,一为蒸发海水与围岩反应所形成的盆地卤水,二为有机流体。推测矿区可能存在一个古油气藏,由于TSR生成一高硫气藏,为区内还原性有机流体的主要来源。当富含Pb、Zn等成矿物质的成矿流体运移至富含CH_4和H_2S的还原性流体的矿区角砾岩带时,两种流体混合,Pb、Zn等遇到H_2S发生反应而沉淀成矿,并伴生热液白云石等,形成了马元铅锌矿床。综上所述,我们认为马元矿床属MVT型铅锌矿床。 相似文献
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Delivery of Trace Metals (Al,Fe, Mn,V, Co,Ni, Cu,Cd, Ag,Pb) from the Trinity River Watershed Towards the Ocean 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The Trinity River (Texas, USA) contains in its watershed 23 different reservoir lakes, the largest one being Lake Livingston
situated in the lower Trinity River watershed and two potentially polluting metroplexes, Dallas and Houston. In order to determine
fluxes of nutrients and trace metals to Galveston Bay, a survey that included 24 discreet samples collected over a year and
at various stages of discharge was carried out during 2000–2001. Geochemical (i.e., sorption by Fe oxyhydroxides), biological
(i.e., seasonal uptake by sinking algae in Lake Livingston), and hydrological (i.e., dilution effects by increasing flow rates)
controls were found to be mainly responsible for variations in dissolved trace metal concentrations rather than pollution
sources. The Trinity River loads of suspended sediments and pollutant trace metals entering Galveston Bay at Anahuac were
<20% of those reaching Lake Livingston, and only a few percent of the total upstream trace metal load is entering the Gulf
of Mexico. Thus, during the transit through the 23 man-made lakes and an estuary, >96% of the pollutant trace metal load is
lost to sediments. 相似文献
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Over the past decade researchers working on the rocks of the Beaufort Group in the main Karoo Basin of South Africa have vastly increased our understanding of this important Permo-Triassic sequence. Many new fossil forms have been discovered, allowing for breakthroughs into the biodiversity, biogeography and biostratigraphy of the group. Taxonomic and phylogenetic advances are many and varied, and cover most of the vertebrate taxa, but with emphasis placed on the temnospondyl amphibians, archosauriforms and non-mammalian synapsids, in particular the anomodontia. Biostratigraphic breakthroughs have centered on the Middle Permian Eodicynodon and Tapinocephalus assemblage zones, the Late Permian Dicynodon Assemblage Zone, and the Triassic Lystrosaurus and Cynognathus assemblage zones. Correlation of these biozones with better dated sequences in Europe, Russia and China has allowed for many chronostratigraphic refinements, which are in turn vital for sequence stratigraphical analysis of the basin fill. Based on fossil data, both the lower (Ecca–Beaufort) and upper (Beaufort–Molteno) contacts of the group have been proved to be highly diachronous. The refined chronostratigraphic framework has also allowed for a better analysis of the basin evolution through time, particularly in terms of the correlation of external stimuli that affect basin sedimentation patterns. 相似文献
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海南大坡岩体位于五指山褶皱带内,主要受昌江—琼海构造带、琼西构造带与潭爷断陷构造带控制.岩石地球化学及岩石学研究表明,大坡岩体形成于海西-印支晚期,岩性单一,主要为中细粒似斑状黑云母二长花岗岩.岩体显示为Ⅰ型花岗岩与S型花岗岩的混合,主体以地壳物质部分熔融为主,形成过程有少量地幔物质加入.元素对的比值及稀土元素配分特征说明岩体钨锡等多金属含矿性可能较差. 相似文献