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热红外震兆成因的模拟实验研究 总被引：43，自引：3，他引：40
对完整岩石破裂前和既存断层粘滑失稳前的红外辐射温度场进行了遥感观测研究,发现岩石破裂前出未来断层处出现条带状的红外热像,粘滑失稳前断层闭锁点出现升温现象,声发射测量表明,岩石破裂前已有大量微破裂产生,地壳中的既存断层和大震前的微小破裂均可能为震前地壳中的热能转移提供通道,从而导致地面热外震兆的出现。 相似文献
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与叠后地震反演相比,叠前地震反演可得到更丰富的储层信息,可提高储层的描述精度.目前,叠前地震反演主要包括弹性阻抗反演、叠前P波阻抗和S波阻抗联合反演、叠前地震波形反演.文中概述了叠前地震反演各项技术的主要进展及其典型应用实例,提出了叠前地震反演技术在岩性油气藏勘探开发中的应用策略.叠前地震反演技术在未来的油气勘探开发中将有广阔的应用前景. 相似文献
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简要介绍2020年伽师M S6.4地震周围地质构造背景,研究分析了M S6.4地震前新疆地区和柯坪块体地震活动状态、区域地震活动图像特征。结果表明:①本次地震前1~2年和震前半年,新疆境内中强和中小地震呈现“平静—成组活跃”或显著增强特征;②本次地震发生在柯坪块体M S≥6.0地震平静近15年的背景下,震前区域地震活动存在时间渐进的中短期异常特征,即震前2年,5级以上地震活动呈现NE向有序条带分布;震前1年南天山西段小震群累积月频度呈现“加速”活动特征;震前半年震区附近4级地震条带形成共扼分布特征;震前3个月震区附近出现地震窗超限异常;震前2个月震区附近地区视应力呈现显著高值异常;③震前地震活动具有较好的“长、中、短”期异常配套出现的特征。 相似文献
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研究2001年昆仑山口西地震和2008年汶川地震前的中源地震活动特征,与唐山地震前的特征进行比较,发现:3次大地震前曾发生6或7次h≥60 km的中源地震,且"大震前中源地震活跃的时间跨度T"约5年或5年多。这是大震前中源地震活动最主要的两个特征,包含了孕育大地震的一些重要信息。其他特征还有:中源地震的活动—平静交替、临近大地震前的地震平静、呈条带分布和(或)地震空区等特征,这与大震前壳内地震活动性的一些特征类似。 相似文献
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震前电磁辐射接收记录表明,河北张北地震前在北京,山西太原,河南安阳、洛阳记录到震前异常,这些异常全部在地震发生前结束,若在地震前能全面掌握这些异常,似能预报出河北张北地震。这些异常进一步表明电磁波接收仪能反映地震前兆。指出,为更好地发挥电磁波接收仪的作用,需要解决用计算机网络传递数据的问题。 相似文献
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Summary Three important characteristics of the stochastic relation between the position of one point of a geodetic network and the positions of the remaining points are investigated: a) Change of the ellipse of confidence of the position of a point of the network to the ellipse of confidence of the position of a point of the network, relative to any other point of the network. (This characteristic is called the change of the global ellipse of confidence to the relative ellipse). b) The regression between the positional vector of the investigated point and the positional vectors of some group of other points of the network and c) the so-called total correlation between any two points of the network. The latter characteristic is a question of determining a characteristic direction for each pair of investigated points, which would have the property that the correlation coefficient between the random displacement of the first point in its characteristic direction and the random displacement of the second point in its characteristic direction is maximum. 相似文献
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We study temporal changes of the rigidity (R) spectrum of the harmonics of the 27-day variation of the galactic cosmic ray (GCR) intensity using neutron monitors (NM) data for the period 1965–2002. We show that the rigidity spectrum of the third harmonic (9 days) of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity changes in a similar way as the spectra of the first and second harmonics, being hard in the maximum epochs and soft in the minimum epochs of solar activity. We ascribe this finding to the alternation of the sizes of the modulation regions of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity in different epochs of solar activity. The average size of the vicinity of the corotating interaction regions, causing the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity, is less in the minimum epochs than in the maximum epochs of solar activity. A vicinity of the corotating interaction regions of larger size involves in modulation higher rigidity particles of GCR than the vicinity of smaller size; thus, this statement can be considered as one of the reasons leading to the hardening of the rigidity spectrum of the harmonics of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity in maximum epochs compared with minimum epochs of solar activity.We also show that the temporal changes of the power rigidity spectrum of the third harmonic of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity are negatively correlated with the rigidity spectrum of the 11-year variation of the galactic cosmic ray intensity.We found a recurrence in the temporal changes of the amplitudes of the first harmonic of the 27-day variation of the GCR intensity and in some parameters of solar activity and solar wind. 相似文献
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The results of a study of the macroseismic effects in the territory of Moscow of a remote deepfocus earthquake that occurred on May 24, 2013 in the Sea of Okhotsk are reported. On the surface of the earth and on the first floors of the buildings the seismic effect was not felt. The effect of the shock began to manifest itself at levels higher than the fifth floor of the buildings. The distribution of points on the map where the earthquake was felt is non-uniform. Points where tremor was felt do not appear to correspond with certain types of Quaternary deposits or with zones of different depth. There is also no significant correlation of the parts of the surface with high intensities of tremor and areas of ground-water flooding. Comparison between the surface manifestations of the seismic event and the tectonic features and deep structure of the metropolis was made. Based on the results of the implemented statistical estimation of distribution points where the earthquake was felt on the territory of the city it is visible that fault zones govern the largest number of points, while block structures characterize almost half of them. Thus, we can reasonably suggest a certain macroseismic increase of vibrations from earthquakes in the areas of large faults in the city. The study of deformations of the asphalt cover of walkways on the landslide-affected slope of Vorobyovy Hills showed that the tremor caused by the Okhotsk deep focus earthquake of May 24, 2013, caused the activation of a small landslide at all levels of the hillside. 相似文献
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Karel Prikner Jaroslay Střeštík Karel Dobeš Reviewer M. Hvoždara 《Studia Geophysica et Geodaetica》1973,17(4):337-345
Summary Using the method of two-component spectral analysis of planar oscillation events by means of computer processing of A-t records, a series of about 100 samples of geomagnetic beating-type pulsations pc3 was treated. The quantitative data obtained on the internal structure of the pulsations (frequency spectra and polarization characteristics) were treated statistically. The pattern of the daily variations of the frequencies and amplitudes of the fundamental amplitude-dominating frequency components of the pulsations and the daily variations of the polarization characteristics of these components, the ellipticity of the polarization ellipses, the directions of the main axes of these ellipses and the sense of rotation of the disturbance vector along the ellipses were obtained.A part of the results was reported at the XVth General Assembly of the IUGG, Moscow, August 1971. 相似文献
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Identification of contaminants, determination of their biological hazard and content in water are important practical tasks while assessing water quality in sources of drinking water supply of large cities. Presented herein is a review regarding pharmaceutical pollution of waters in various countries. Given are original data concerning contamination of water objects—sources of water supply of Moscow with components of pharmaceuticals and metabolites of therapeutic agents. Worked out is a retrieval and calculation technology of assessing hazards of substances. Proposed is the use of “structure-activity” calculation technologies for prediction of side effects of pharmaceuticals and pharmacological activity of other organic xenobiotics not used in medicine. Certain ways of decreasing pharmaceutical pollution are recommended. 相似文献
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The development of studies of solar sources and their effects on the state of the near-Earth space required systematization of the corresponding information in the form of databases and catalogs for the entire time of observation of any geoeffective phenomenon that includes, if possible at the time of creation, all of the characteristics of the phenomena themselves and the sources of these phenomena on the Sun. A uniform presentation of information in the form of a series of similar catalogs that cover long time intervals is of particular importance. The large amount of information collected in such catalogs makes it necessary to use modern methods of its organization and presentation that allow a transition between individual parts of the catalog and a quick search for necessary events and their characteristics, which is implemented in the presented Catalog of Solar Proton Events in the 23rd Cycle of Solar Activity of the sequence of catalogs (six separate issues) that cover the period from 1970 to 2009 (20th–23rd solar cycles). 相似文献
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共搜集到１９６０￣１９９０年中、南美洲地区１０个地震序列。其中１个是板内地震序列。这个板内地震序列表现出的特征是：震中分布区域的长轴较短,长短轴之比低;余震震源机制和主震震源机制相比变化大。其余９个是俯冲带上的板缘地震序列,它们的共同特征是：震中分布区域的长轴较长;震源深度下限超过地壳,可以达到７０ｋｍ以下（第１０号序列例外）;主震的震源机制受俯站带的走向、倾向和倾角的控制。但是这些震序列又分为两 相似文献
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本文介绍利用地震转换波测深法研究1976年7.8级唐山大震区深部构造的某些结果,得出了沿两条测线的深部构造剖面图。发现在极震区的数十公里的范围内,地壳和上地幔具有异常结构,在地壳中部比震区外围多出一个中间层位,埋深约12-20km,地壳上部界面向上挠曲,而莫霍面和上地幔顶部界面却强烈地向下挠曲,引起了震区岩石圈厚度的加大,在震区存在深浅不等的深部断裂。深部构造与震源分布的对比表明,唐山主震和绝大多数余震均分布在壳内中间层之上,有的甚至就分布在壳内中间层的上、下界面附近。转换波测深结果表明,本区地壳上地幔中强烈的升降差异运动可能是唐山大震的重要促发因素。 相似文献