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贵州猫场铝土矿是中国西南重要的铝土矿床之一。在对该矿床的研究中,笔者在铝土矿层和黄铁矿层之间的过渡层中发现了微米级铁质微球粒。能谱和X射线衍射分析表明,该种微球粒几乎完全由铁的氧化物和氢氧化物组成,铝和硅的含量较少,经研究认为其矿物组成主要应为针铁矿。在含铁质微球粒的层位中,经常会出现一些具有溶蚀特征的黄铁矿小晶粒,甚至还有铁质微球粒包裹残余黄铁矿的现象出现。这些现象表明了微球粒的形成和黄铁矿的溶解、氧化具有极大的相关性。而在黄铁矿的溶解和微球粒的形成过程中,微生物通常都扮演着极其重要的角色,对铁质微球… 相似文献
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四川广元上寺二叠系—三叠系界线层内微球粒的发现与研究 总被引：13，自引：0，他引：13
在四川广元上寺剖面二叠系—三叠系的界线层内发现了大量微球粒,这些微球粒数目的峰值在层位上与铱异常、碳稳定同位素负异常大体是一致的,与生物大量绝灭也大体上是相当的。显示了与白垩系—第三系界线层内相类似的微球粒数目变化特征。某些铁质微球粒的结构表明,微球粒形成于高温熔体急速冷却的物理环境。有些微球粒的Cr/Fe与CI型陨石相近,有些与铁质宇宙尘的相近,而有些则与地球物质的相近。微球粒的来源是复杂的,现有来源于地内的,也有来源于地外的。此文主要是介绍四川广元上寺剖面二叠系—三叠系的界线层内所发现的微球粒及对其研 相似文献
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阳离子粘土即通常所指的粘土。阳离子粘土主要由层状结构的铝硅酸盐粘土矿物组成。粘土矿物的结构层板带负电荷 ,层间充填有可交换性阳离子。阴离子粘土是与阳离子粘土相对而言的。阴离子粘土又称水滑石型化合物或层状双金属氢氧化物 (简写为LDHs) ,天然产出少 ,以人工合成为主 ,具类似于水镁石的层状结构。阴离子粘土层板带正电荷 ,层间充填有平衡电荷的阴离子。阴离子粘土由于具有独特的阴离子交换性、层板组成的可设计性、结构的可恢复性而在近年受到极大的重视 ,是一类极具发展潜力的新型无机材料。由于阴阳离子两类粘土在成分、结构… 相似文献
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本文从晶体化学和热力学的角度,对产于花岗质岩石中铁质球粒的成因进行了探讨。作者认为,这些铁质球粒完全有可能是地内成因的产物,而不一定都是人们通常所认为的地外物质。球粒内部的铁质核可能是含铁矿物在变质过程中的还原产物,也可能是含铁玄武质基底岩石中的残留铁,还可能是侵位并同熔基底岩石的含铁玄武岩浆中的自然铁。随着花岗质岩浆的演化,逐渐形成Fe→FeO→Fe3O4的反应系列,从而导致以自然铁为核心,方铁矿和磁铁矿为壳层的球状颗粒的产生。花岗质岩石中铁质球粒的数量与特征取决于花岗质岩浆源区的物质成分、岩浆的氧逸度及岩浆温度的变化规律等因素。 相似文献
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《地质通报》2017,(Z1)
在大兴安岭乌拉盖地区发现酸性浅成球状岩石组合。球状岩石由主岩、球状体和球间基质组成。依据球状体球壳及球核的差异,可分为无壳层球粒、单壳层球状体和多壳层球状体3种类型。无壳层球粒分布于碱性流纹斑岩和微细粒花岗岩中,直径0.5~2mm,无核,由放射状长英质和铁质纤维及针柱状碱性闪石相间分布构成。单壳层球状体分布于碱性流纹斑岩中,直径0.5~2cm,内部具放射状、扇形结构,由多个球粒相互连接构成,外壳较薄,表现为针柱状碱性闪石沿球状体切向方向环绕。多壳层球状体分布于碱性流纹斑岩中,直径2~8cm,球状体由内、中和外部层构成:内部层具圈层结构,由长英质和暗色矿物隐晶集合体及角闪石组成;中部层由大量叠瓦式、雨滴状气孔杏仁体及其间的长英质隐晶集合体组成;外部层为云朵状、棉絮状、放射状长英质隐晶集合体组成。初步认为本套球状岩石为张性环境下岩浆结晶作用形成,晚期气水热液活动强烈,球状体中矿物结晶顺序由内向外。 相似文献
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湖北兴山大峡口浅海相二叠系-三叠系界线附近粘土岩研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、能谱等鉴定分析方法,对湖北兴山大峡口剖面二叠系—三叠系界线附近的8层粘土岩研究发现,各层粘土岩中的主要粘土矿物均为伊/蒙混层矿物,并且各层中均含有数量不等的六方双锥石英和黄铁矿,非粘土矿物为石膏,个别层位中还含有粘土微球粒。该8层粘土岩均为火山物源成因,联系相应的火山事件记录表明该地区在二叠系—三叠系之交经历了多次火山活动。这些火山事件与同时段牙形石的绝灭和延缓复苏呈现一致性。频繁的火山活动是造成二叠纪—三叠纪之交生物及生态系重大转折的主导事件之一。 相似文献
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河北蓟县常州沟组宇宙尘落地年龄 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
河北蓟县常州沟组铁质宇宙尘,形状多样,具气印、球粒、壳层和骸晶等多种结构。含钴、富硅、低镍。由磁铁矿、方铁矿、铁纹石、铁橄榄石等矿物组成,属陨石消融型。~(40)As/~(39)Ar阶段加热年龄谱呈单调上升型式,给出1670Ma形成年龄和170Ma热扰动时代。 相似文献
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太平洋北部铁锰结核富集区沉积物的元素地球化学特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
本文对太平洋北部铁锰结核富集区沉积物的元素地球化学作了较为详细的研究。因子分析提供的信息表明,元素的分布主要受三个因子控制:（1）粘土及Fe、Mn氧化物水化物胶体的吸附作用;（2）生物化学作用过程有关的自生沉积作用;（3）海底页岩风化及附近海区的火山喷发作用。元素的来源:（1）Fe、Mn、Cu、Co、Ni、Zn、Cr、Cr、Mg、Al、Ti、K共生,主要来自粘土吸附;（2）C有机、N、Sr、Na及Si、Ca、Sr主要来自生物化学过程沉积;（3）Pb主要来源于岩石碎屑（火山喷发碎屑）。 相似文献
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通过对峨眉山玄武岩古风化壳进行野外调查、取样和分析测试工作,认为: ①贵州西部广泛出露峨眉山玄武岩,晚二叠世古气候温润潮湿,利于峨眉山玄武岩风化形成含Fe、Ti的黏土矿物和铝质黏土矿物的古风化壳,该风化壳受古地理环境和峨眉山玄武岩控制。②相对玄武岩而言,铝质黏土岩主量元素含量特征表现为富TiO2、Al2O3,轻度亏损SiO2,明显亏损TFe,其他主量元素大量流失; 铁质黏土岩主量元素含量特征表现为富TFe、TiO2, 轻度富Al2O3,但相对于铝质黏土岩,TiO2的富集程度偏低,SiO2亏损明显,其他元素亦大量流失。③由于晚二叠世频繁的海侵作用,水位较高的区域,风化壳下部处于较还原的条件下,Fe被还原成易溶的二价状态或在有机质的作用下迁出风化壳,而Ti由于存在形式较为稳定,继续保存在黏土矿物中,与Fe发生分异; 局部水位较浅的氧化环境及重力分异作用下,黏土矿物与铁矿物由于比重差异而分选开来,形成Fe与Al、Ti的分异,并伴随铁矿、钛矿和铝土矿的富集。该富集规律的发现对寻找该区铁、钛和铝土矿有一定的理论指导意义。 相似文献
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PENG Jun YI Haisheng XIA Wenjie Postdoctoral Researchers Flow Station of SW China Petroleum Institute Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu E-mail.tjc@cdit.edu.cn Institute of Sedimentary Geology Chengdu University of Technology Chengdu 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(1):46-53
In the Hunan-Guizhou-Guangxi area there have developed very thick bedded siliceous rocks of the late Sinian. The rocks have a fairly pure composition, with an average content of siliceous minerals exceeding 95%. They are relatively rich in Fe and Mn, and poor in Al, Ti and Mg. The Fe/Ti, (Fe+Mn)/Ti, Al/(Al+Fe+Mn) and U/Th ratios and the Al-Fe-Mn and Fe-Mn-(Ni+Co+Cu)×10 triangle diagrams all show that they are hydrothermal sedimentary siliceous rocks. In the rocks the total amount of REEs is low, the δCe shows an obvious negative anomaly and the 8Eu a weak anomaly, and LREE>HREE, all indicating that they are products of hydrothermal processes. The δ30Si and δ18O values, as well as the formation temperature of the rocks all clearly show that the silica forming the rocks comes from hot water. Besides, analyses of the depositional environment of the rocks using the MnO/TiO2 ratio and the δCe and δ30Si values yield the same conclusion that they are formed in environments from continental marginal slope 相似文献
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J. N. Pattan G. Parthiban V. K. Banakar A. Tomer M. Kulkarni 《Journal of Earth System Science》2008,117(2):113-119
Three sediment cores in a north-south transect (3°N to 13°S) from different sediment types of the Central Indian Ocean Basin
(CIOB) are studied to understand the possible relationship between magnetic susceptibility (χ) and Al, Fe, Ti and Mn concentrations.
The calcareous ooze core exhibit lowest χ (12.32 × 10−7 m3 kg−1), Al (2.84%), Fe (1.63%) and Ti (0.14%), terrigenous clay core with moderate χ (29.93 × 10−7 m3 kg−1) but highest Al (6.84%), Fe (5.20%) and Ti (0.44%), and siliceous ooze core with highest χ (38.06 × 10−7 m3 kg−1) but moderate Al (4.49%), Fe (2.80%) and Ti (0.19%) contents. The distribution of χ and detrital proxy elements (Al, Fe,
and Ti) are identical in both calcareous and siliceous ooze. Interestingly, in terrigenous core, the behaviour of χ is identical
to only Ti content but not with Al and Fe suggesting possibility of Al and Fe having a non-detrital source.
The occurrence of phillipsite in terrigenous clay is evident by the Al-K scatter plot where trend line intersects K axis at
more than 50% of total K suggesting excess K in the form of phillipsite. Therefore, the presence of phillipsite might be responsible
for negative correlation between χ and Al (r = −0.52). In siliceous ooze the strong positive correlations among χ, Alexc and Feexc suggest the presence of authigenic Fe-rich smectite. High Mn content (0.5%) probably in the form of manganese micronodules
is also contributing to χ in both calcareous and siliceous ooze but not in the terrigenous core where mean Mn content (0.1%)
is similar to crustal abundance. Thus, χ systematically records the terrigenous variation in both the biogenic sediments but
in terrigenous clay it indirectly suggests the presence of authigenic minerals. 相似文献
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川东地区二叠系结核状、条带状和团块状硅岩发育,主要分布于茅口组上段及吴家坪组,夹于石灰岩层间或层内。通过野外露头观察、室内薄片鉴定以及主量元素、微量元素和稀土元素分析,对广元长江沟、旺苍双汇、宣汉立石河和巫溪尖山的二叠系硅岩进行了岩石学及地球化学研究,重点分析了硅质来源,并对其成因机制进行了探讨。结果表明,研究区硅岩形态多样、分布不均,硅岩中见残余的石灰岩;硅质成分主要为玉髓及微晶石英、灰质硅岩中玉髓"侵入"方解石、相邻石灰岩中少量生屑被硅化。硅岩的化学成分以SiO2为主(52.79%～99.21%,平均为85.18%),Fe/Ti值、(Fe+Mn)/Ti值及Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值反映其形成与热水活动有关;硅岩的部分微量元素含量与地壳中该元素的平均含量差异明显,Co/Ni值与Th/U值较低;稀土元素总量低,Ce负异常,LREE/HREE值低,δEu值相对较高。综合分析认为研究区二叠系硅岩为交代成因,硅质以热水来源为主,玄武岩淋滤及上升流提供了部分硅质。复合来源的硅质通过同生断裂、表层淋滤及上升流进入碳酸盐沉积物中,在不同的成岩阶段交代碳酸盐沉积物(岩),形成了顺层面或层内分布的结核状、条带状及团块状硅岩。 相似文献
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为探讨下扬子地区二叠系硅质岩的硅质来源和形成背景,以巢湖地区二叠纪栖霞组和孤峰组硅质岩为研究对象,收集了前人大量有关栖霞组和孤峰组的研究成果和数据,并对采自栖霞组和孤峰组硅质岩样品进行了主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素测试。栖霞组、孤峰组硅质岩样品测试结果显示,硅质岩的稀土元素经北美页岩标准化后的配分曲线近似平坦型向左倾斜,有弱Ce负异常,且HREE弱富集,反映了热水沉积硅质岩的特征。研究区硅质岩样品的Al Fe Mn三角图中,样品投点分布较广,即Al比值变化范围较大,认为是岩浆在喷发过程中受硅-铝质陆壳混染作用的结果。结合沉积环境判别指标分析认为：栖霞组硅质岩沉积时期其沉积环境主要为大陆边缘环境;孤峰组硅质岩沉积时期其沉积环境为大陆边缘-海盆过渡环境。从栖霞组到孤峰组沉积时期,海侵规模不断变大,水体变深,海盆面积扩大,研究区在不同时期沉积环境存在差异。研究区栖霞组、孤峰组硅质岩的沉积与大陆边缘裂陷活动紧密相关。 相似文献
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Fourteen ferromanganese nodule–sediment pairs from different sedimentary environments such as siliceous ooze (11), calcareous ooze (two) and red clay (one) from Central Indian Ocean Basin (CIOB) were analysed for major, trace and rare earth elements (REE) to understand the possible elemental relationship between them. Nodules from siliceous and calcareous ooze are diagenetic to early diagenetic whereas, nodule from red clay is of hydrogenetic origin. Si, Al and Ba are enriched in the sediments compared to associated nodules; K and Na are almost in the similar range in nodule–sediment pairs and Mn, Fe, Ti, Mg, P, Ni, Cu, Mo, Zn, Co, Pb, Sr, V, Y, Li and REEs are all enriched in nodules compared to associated sediments (siliceous and calcareous). Major portion of Si, Al and K in both nodules and sediments appear to be of terrigenous nature. The elements which are highly enriched in the nodules compared to associated sediments from both siliceous and calcareous ooze are Mo – (307, 273), Ni – (71, 125), Mn – (64, 87), Cu – (43, 80), Co – (23, 75), Pb – (15, 24), Zn – (9, 11) and V – (8, 19) respectively. These high enrichment ratios of elements could be due to effective diagenetic supply of metals from the underlying sediment to the nodule. Enrichment ratios of transition metals and REEs in the nodule to sediment are higher in CIOB compared to Pacific and Atlantic Ocean. Nodule from red clay, exhibit very small enrichment ratio of four with Mn and Ce while, Al, Fe, Ti, Ca, Na, K, Mg, P, Zn, Co, V, Y and REE are all enriched in red clay compared to associated nodule. This is probably due to presence of abundant smectite, fish teeth, micronodules and phillipsite in the red clay. The strong positive correlation (r ? 0.8) of Mn with Ni, Cu, Zn and Mo and a convex pattern of shale-normalized REE pattern with positive Ce-anomaly of siliceous ooze could be due to presence of abundant manganese micronodules. None of the major trace and REE exhibits any type of inter-elemental relationship between nodule and sediment pairs. Therefore, it may not be appropriate to correlate elemental behaviour between these pairs. 相似文献
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The Upper Sinian bedded cherts are widely distributed on the southeast continental margin of the Yangtze plate, with a total thickness ranging from 20 to 150 m. The cherts are very simple in chemical composition, with the contents of siliceous minerals exceeding 90% and those of other mineral species being very low. The total content of trace elements is considerably variable. The contents of most trace elements are low as compared with their crust clarke values. But these cherts are very rich in the trace elements Ba, As, Ab, Ag and U, coupled with relatively high contents of Fe, Mn and low contents of Al, Ti, and Mg. It can be identified as the cherts of hydrothermal origin in terms of the values of Fe/Ti, (Fe + Mn)/Ti, Al/ (Al + Fe + Mn) and U/Th. In the Al-Fe-Mn, and Fe-Mn-(Cu + Ni + Co) × 10 diagrams and lg [U]-lg[Th], Cr-Zr diagrams, all the samples from the area studied fall within the hydrothermal sediment field. All these characteristics show that the cherts are mainly the product of hydrothermal processes. The fact that the δ30Si values of the chert range from 0.0‰ to 0.7‰ with §18O from 20.l‰ to 23.6‰ clearly manifests that the submarine hydrothermal water is the main source of silica. 相似文献
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Gaowa Naren Akane Miyazaki Motoyuki Matsuo BAI Shuqin Kotaro Yonesu Yoshihiro Okaue Takushi Yokoyama 《中国地球化学学报》2013,32(1):27-34
Five ferruginous deposit samples formed from neutral hot springs were analyzed to determine whether they consisted of a mixture of silica, hydrous iron oxide or iron silicate by differential thermal analysis (DTA), infrared (IR) spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and 57Fe Mssbauer spectroscopy. The Si/Fe atomic ratios of the deposits ranged from 0.25 to 0.45, and were smaller than those of hisingerite (12), but apparently close to those of siliceous ferrihydrite (0.250.5). Si was confirmed to be present as monomeric or oligomeric silicate from the Si-O stretching vibration frequencies on the IR spectra. Judging from the results of DTA, which minerals starting to produce after heating, and a relationship between Si-O stretching vibration frequency and Si/Fe atomic ratio proposed by Henmi et al. (1981), all the deposits in this study were concluded to be mixtures of various siliceous ferri-hydrites with low and high Si/Fe atomic ratios. Moreover, by comparing the chemical properties of hot spring waters, the formation conditions of siliceous ferrihydrite were also discussed. 相似文献