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1.
声波测井相控圆弧阵及其辐射指向性   总被引:10,自引:4,他引:6       下载免费PDF全文
为了实现声波测井的周向分辨能力,提出了可应用于声波测井的、具有周向辐射指向性的相控圆弧阵声波辐射器方案.声波测井圆弧阵发射换能器由多个压电振子沿着圆周排列,通过控制各个振子的激励时间可以实现向某个方位方向的声波辐射.本文以自制的28阵元相控圆弧阵为例,理论和实验研究了相控圆弧阵的辐射指向性及其与阵元个数、声波频率等参数之间的关系.研究表明,在声波测井频率范围内,随着工作阵元个数和频率的增加,圆弧阵辐射声波的周向指向性增强,理论研究和实验研究取得了相一致的结果.与现有的声波测井单极子、偶极子和四极子声源相比,在井下采用相控圆弧阵作为声波辐射器可以真正实现方位声波测井,在各向异性地层评价、定向钻井和井间地层评价等石油工程中有良好的应用前景.  相似文献   

2.
唐山响堂三维场地影响观测台阵   总被引:10,自引:0,他引:10  
1994年7月中国地震局工程力学研究所在唐山余震区响堂镇建成了我国第一个三维场地影响观测台阵。该台阵目前有四个测点,分别布设在基岩地表、土层地表、地下17m和地下32m处。它安装了分辨率为16位的井下数字观测系统,主机和从机同步运行,系统时钟采用Omega导航信号自动校对(精度1ms),地震数据采用固态方式(CMOS)存储,每个测点均布设一组 量力平衡式加速度计。该台阵自投入运行至1997年12月  相似文献   

3.
上海地震台阵响应图及其计算方法   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
地震台阵的响应特性是衡量台阵对地震监测能力的重要标志。根据台阵响应特性,可分析台阵子台布局的合理性和波数分辨率。本文采用简单延时相加方法,并用不同频率下的波数k为上海地震台阵计算并绘制二维与三维的波数响应图。结果表明,该台阵响应图具有显著的主瓣峰,而且边瓣少且峰值低,具有较高的波数分辨率。  相似文献   

4.
1980年4月德意志联邦共和国在格雷芬堡(Grfenberg)地区建成了一个宽频带地震台阵,以高分辨率、大动态范围来记录研究地震波的细结构。台阵呈反 L 形,长度约80公里,共13个子台,组成三个子台阵。子台阵装置单分向地震计,而子台阵中心则装置三分向地震计。单台用来减小台阵的旁瓣效应。分布间隔为10~12公里。该台阵通过专门设计来压低在中频范围(0.05~0.5赫兹)内以地震面波速度传播的相干地震噪声。采用瑞士产长周期地震计,其输出在子台上以每秒20个样本的速率数字化,用电话电缆以异步方式传送到子台阵  相似文献   

5.
前言一般来说 ,台阵各子台地震计所检测的地震信号是通过有线或无线的方式传输汇集到位于台阵附近的数据中心。如德国格兰芬堡台阵分为 3个子台阵 ,采用有线的方式先将各子台阵每一子台的地震信号传输到子台阵中心 ,然后再将汇集到各子台阵的地震信号再分别传输到埃尔兰根的台阵中心。又如加拿大黄刀台阵的初期 ,各子台的地震信号输出采用悬挂在木制三角架上的电缆传输到附近的控制中心。 1 986年加拿大政府对黄刀台阵进行了重大更新 ,除了在台阵安装不同频带的地震计外 ,还采用高分辨的数字化输出 ,并将地震数据通过 UHF数字无线遥测传输…  相似文献   

6.
将压缩感知方法应用于上海佘山地震台阵远震定位,对于该台阵记录的MS 5.5以上全球地震事件,根据震级大小、地震波走时、事件分布,筛选得到45个远震事件记录,采用分析压缩感知及传统方法,计算最优反方位角和慢度值,发现压缩感知方法在地震台阵的远震定位中表现良好;对于震相较为复杂的地震,在求取能量最大及超过最大能量95%以上的点,得到最终源信号,也就是震源位置,压缩感知方法具有更高的分辨率。  相似文献   

7.
通过文献调研,本文回顾了国际国内主要次声波观测台阵和地震次声波的最新研究进展,目的是寻找两者的差距与不足,为国内地震次声波监测台阵建设和地震次声研究提供有益的借鉴.文章首先对全球最大、分布最广泛的IMS次声观测台阵布设方式及降低风噪系统进行了详细归纳,与国内主要次声台阵在这两方面的进展对比后发现,国际次声台阵主要以小孔径多子台的方式布设,且大多配备有不同类型的降低风噪系统;国内次声台阵主要以广域台阵方式布设,仅有少部分实验性的小孔径次声台阵,且大多未布设降低风噪系统.随后文章对各类次声台阵在地震监测预报方面的研究成果进行了认真梳理,国内外对比可以发现,国内地震次声研究主要集中在震前次声方面,国际地震次声研究主要以同震次声研究为主,主要包括震中次声、衍射次声和本地次声的识别分析,以及应用相关次声信号开展次声源定位、地震动影响分析等工作.分析结果认为,今后国内地震次声监测台阵建设方面应该进一步加强小孔径多子台台阵建设及降低风噪系统布设,这更有利于次声互相关信号提取及提高数据信噪比;国内地震次声研究需要继续开拓思路,在关注震前次声波研究的同时,进一步加强同震次声波的分析,这更有利于追踪地震次...  相似文献   

8.
提出了一种新的井内相控圆弧阵相位控制方式,实现了对地层SH横波的定向发射和接收,在此基础上发展了一种利用反射SH横波对井外反射体进行远探测的测井方法,旨在突破目前发展的偶极子SH横波远探测方法在地质体方位确定方面的局限性.数值模拟结果表明,合理的相位控制方式可以使得圆弧阵接收(发射)器能够对SH横波进行定向接收(发射),且在目标接收(辐射)方位,不存在SV波场及纵波场的干扰;改变声源和接收器的相位控制方式,可以通过SH波场对井外波阻抗不连续界面的进行扫描,其反射波清晰,方位分辨率高.与传统的单极子纵波远探测方法相比,一方面该方法具有较好的方位分辨能力,能够准确确定反射体在三维空间中的位置,另一方面SH反射波在洞穴、裂缝成像方面更具有优势.与传统的偶极SH横波远探测方法相比,由于该方法引入了具有SH横波定向接收功能的圆弧阵接收器,能够消除反射体方位测量的多解性.  相似文献   

9.
"十五"期间,中国地震局在上海市环球金融中心建立我国第一个超高层结构地震反应专用台阵,随后上海市地震局对其进行升级改造。本文详细介绍环球金融中心超高层建筑结构地震反应台阵的测点布设,改造后台阵观测系统技术组成、远程通信方式、台网中心数据处理系统以及获得的强震记录。本台阵建设可以为高层建筑的抗震抗风研究提供数据支撑,为今后结构台阵建设积累宝贵经验。  相似文献   

10.
上海地震台阵的设计方法   总被引:2,自引:2,他引:2  
从台阵波数响应特性、子台选址与测试、场地背景噪声分析和记录信号评价等方面,综合对上海地震台阵进行设计,确定了台阵子台的布局点位。本文还介绍了规则台阵与不规则台阵中的几种不同子台布局的台阵波数响应图,并由此得出,采用不规则的子台布局同样可得到性能较好的地震台阵;台阵的子台越多,其响应特性的主峰就越尖锐。  相似文献   

11.
利用中、小容量气枪组成的立体气枪阵列延迟激发震源和海底地震仪(OBS)在我国北部浅海海域开展了人工地震深部地球物理探测试验.基于水深条件和压制水体虚反射、提升低频能量的需要,使气枪震源有足够的输出能量和高品质子波特性,研究了立体气枪阵列延迟激发震源工作机理,经远场子波理论模拟优选了组合参数并进行了海上试验工作.结果表明,中、小容量气枪组成的立体气枪阵列延迟激发震源,适应了浅水海域的激发环境,降低了由虚反射造成的局部陷波和干扰作用,有效地改善了OBS信号的品质,获得了Ps,Pg,PmP,Pn等多种震相.创新了由中、小容量气枪组成的立体气枪阵列延迟激发震源在浅海区OBS探测中的应用,也填补了南黄海海域深地震探测数据的空白,为南黄海、渤海深部地壳结构研究及含油气盆地形成演化研究提供了重要的基础资料.  相似文献   

12.
We have developed a finite-difference (FD) method to model the response of a multiple-spacing triaxial array induction tool with a multiple-electrode type sleeve. The FD software was verified versus two other independent modeling methods. The model response was checked for the FD grid refinement, while attempting to minimize run time. Many details of the electrode-sleeve geometry were studied using this method that led to the final electrode-sleeve design. The electrode sleeve reduces the response of the transverse couplings to eccentering in a conductive borehole. Quantitative agreement was found between the measurements and calculations. Using the FD software we study the tool response to various effects of 3D geometry.  相似文献   

13.
地震事件识别是地震层析成像的重要组成部分。然而,在处理宽频带流动台阵天然地震记录中识别地震事件过程中,利用传统的人工识别方法耗时巨大,效率十分低。本文首先运用STA/LTA 对地震事件进行初步判断,并结合支持向量机信号检测算法和多台联合检验法来提高地震事件判别的准确度及抗干扰能力,达到天然地震事件的自动识别。南岭流动台阵数据的应用结果表明该综合识别算法可自动快速准确地判别地震事件,并可用于地震震相的拾取。  相似文献   

14.
内蒙古自治区地震局震情上报系统   总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0  
针对内蒙古自治区地震局人工震情上报过程中存在的弊端和问题,基于VC语言,设计并实现自动震情上报系统。该系统通过读取EQIM数据库中的相关数据,采用模拟操作,实现无接口情况下采集EQIM中相应地图,并利用Microsoft office Word通用API,按所需格式生成包含震情数据与地图的震情上报文档,同时提供核对和校验功能,通过自动传真方式实现震情上报与保存功能。该系统的实现,减少了人工干预造成的错误,提高了震情上报的准确性和高效性,真正实现了震情的自动传真上报。  相似文献   

15.
新疆和田小孔径地震台阵的建设   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
段天山 《内陆地震》2009,23(2):166-173
从地震台阵的布局设计、技术思路、工程建设、数据传输和台阵监测能力等方面介绍了新疆和田小孔径地震台阵的建设情况.建成后的小孔径台阵填补了新疆地震监测台网无地震台阵的空白,提高了新疆台网对南部塔里木盆地、昆仑山地区、阿尔金山及藏北等台网布局"盲区"的地震监测能力.  相似文献   

16.
This paper deals with the Finnish seismic array, which in its present state consists of two tripartite arrays, HESA and JYSA. The first of these arrays, situated near Helsinki, has been in continuous operation since 1964 and uses analog recording by frequency-modulated telemetry. The JYSA array is sited in central Finland near the town of Jyväskylä. This array consists of three substations equipped with vertical-component SP seismometers. The signals are transmitted by digital FM telemetry in the UHF band and recorded at Helsinki on magnetic tape. Events are detected visually from monitoring drums. The digital data of the events detected are handled by a microprocessor with a graphic display and fed to a Burroughs 6700 analysing computer.Comparison with the NORSAR array indicates that at frequencies below 2 Hz the absolute noise level at JYSA is about 6 dB lower, but above 2 Hz the noise level for single instruments at the two arrays is about the same. As regards detection capability, the incremental threshold is about the same for JYSA as for Hagfors and 0.5 magnitude units higher than for NORSAR, but 0.5 magnitude units lower for JYSA than for the WWSSN station NUR in southern Finland.  相似文献   

17.
利用海拉尔地震台阵位置资料,选取台阵半径50 km范围,通过实地摸排和GPS仪定位方法,判断台阵周围有无国际标注的各大噪声源,同时计算噪声源与台阵的距离,分析台阵所属9个子台环境噪声水平,并将现今噪声功率谱与2000年时进行对比,汇总结果,并对台阵环境噪声水平进行评价。结果表明,海拉尔地震台阵周围有6类噪声源,其中工业设施和公共交通对台阵噪声水平的影响集中在高频段,但对监测能力影响不大;根据地震计安放位置与干扰源的最小距离进行评价,得出7个子台噪声源水平达到Ⅰ级台站环境地噪声水平,B4、B5子台处于Ⅱ级台站环境地噪声水平,台阵噪声水平总体处于良好状态,不影响仪器的正常运行。  相似文献   

18.
Single-well, or uni-well, imaging uses an acoustic source and an array of receivers located in the same borehole to image local geological structure. Due to the intrinsic attenuation of the formation it is likely that a source emitting frequencies in the typical cross-well range would be necessary to illuminate structure at distances above 100 m from the borehole. At these frequencies a significant proportion of the source energy is converted into tube-waves which are, for the purpose of these surveys, noise. This paper reports the results of a modelling study designed to assess the feasibility of using existing cross-well hardware, i.e. a piezo-electric source and hydrophone array, modified to run in a single borehole, to perform single-well surveys. In particular we study the case of an open borehole in a gas-filled, low-permeability sandstone reservoir. Our results suggest that the amplitudes of the tube-wave reverberations generated by calliper variations are such that reflections of interest arriving in the time window after the first tube-wave arrival will not be visible. However, reflections may be visible in the time window preceding the first tube-wave arrival provided tube waves from previous shots are not still present and the long source–receiver offsets required to make observations in this window can be incorporated into the tool design.  相似文献   

19.
A seismic source array is normally composed of elements spaced at distances less than a wavelength while the overall dimensions of the array are normally of the order of a wavelength. Consequently, unpredictable interaction effects occur between element and the shape of the far field wavelet, which is azimuth-dependent, can only be determined by measurements in the far field. Since such measurements are very often impossible to make, the shape of the wavelet—particularly its phase spectrum—is unknown. A theoretical design method for overcoming this problem is presented using two scaled arrays. The far field source wavelets from the source arrays have the same azimuth dependence at scaled frequencies, and the far field wavelets along any azimuth are related by a simple scaling law. Two independent seismograms are generated by the two scaled arrays for each pair of source-receiver locations, the source wavelets being related by the scaling law. The technique thus permits the far field waveform of an array to be determined in situations where it is impossible to measure it. Furthermore it permits the array design criteria to be changed: instead of sacrificing useful signal energy for the sake of the phase spectrum, the array may be designed to produce a wavelet with desired amplitude characteristics, without much regard for phase.  相似文献   

20.
Seismic array can be traced back to 1950s when it mainly aimed at detecting and distinguishing the signals of nuclear explosion and seismic signals. The research on seismic array includes seismic array techniques and applications of array in geophysics. Array techniques involve array design and data processing methods (Anne, 1990). Nowadays, the continuous development of seismic array¢s theory could relate to many scientific issues in geophysical field (Tormod, 1989; Mykkeltveit, Bungum, 1984). Seismic array is mainly applied to detect weak events. The response characteristic of array is an important indication of array¢s detection ability. Therefore, when we study an array or construct an array, one of the neces-sary works is to calculate the response characteristics of the array (Harjes, 1990). The aperture and layout of array are two dominating geometrical features. The typical aperture of interna-tional array is generally from several to tens kilometers. For instance, arrays with aperture of dozens kilometers aperture are KSA, WRA, YKA, etc, while arrays with several kilometer aperture are ARC, FIN, GEE, etc. Moreo-ver, in the view of array¢s layout, NOR, GER, etc have circle layout, while WRA, YKA, etc have decussating layout. This paper mainly discusses the relation between deployment of array and wavenumber response. With the example of constructing Shanghai Seismic Array, this paper provides one practical solution to search the proper array deployment. In this paper, the simple delay beam technique is adopted to calculate the response characteris-tics of array. Certainly, the different processing methods have different result, but the result from the simple delay beam processing could be enough to reflect the feature of an array.  相似文献   

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