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1.
《地层学杂志》2015,(1)
2014年对豫西淅川县境奥陶纪、志留纪地层考察后取得如下认识:1)上奥陶统碎屑岩相地层(如上集王罐沟)宜统称为蛮子营组,灰岩、泥岩相(如大石桥石燕河)从下到上宜称为杨庄村组、石燕河组和刘家坡组;2)根据腕足类,石燕河组(含Rongatrypa动物群)和张湾组下部(含Cathaysiorthis动物群)分别归于晚奥陶世凯迪中晚期和志留纪兰多维列世鲁丹早中期,推测本区缺失凯迪阶顶部、赫南特阶和鲁丹阶底部地层;3)Cathaysiorthis动物群的发现说明本区发育比Pristiograptus leei带更低的地层;4)若岞■组属于早奥陶世的结论可信,则本区缺失中奥陶统,约有10 Myr未接受海相沉积;5)晚奥陶世华北型和北美中大陆型的牙形类与中、东亚腕足动物群和志留纪初期典型华南型腕足动物群的发育表明,当时北美、中东亚的许多块体位于热带海域,由于北美与我国许多块体相距甚远,腕足动物交流受限明显,但牙形类可沿着赤道环流交流。4.5亿年前后,本区在地层序列、地质发展史、沉积环境、生物相和生物组合特性上,情况较复杂,上奥陶统的似更近似于华北,而志留系的与华南关系更密切,并很可能一直持续到泥盆纪晚期。 相似文献
2.
2011年5~6月在新疆巴楚县一间房地区南1沟剖面上奥陶统恰尔巴克组首次发现百余件古鱼类化石。根据头甲具有一对眶孔和骨甲具有骨质层结构,将它们确定为无颌纲,并建立了新亚纲1个,新目2个,新科2个,新属新种各4个。鱼类化石赋存于熊剑飞等(2006)在该剖面所作的牙形石Baltoniodus alobatus带中,时代属于晚奥陶世艾家山期早期。根据外部形态特征将这一古鱼类化石群命名为秀丽巴楚鱼-宽吻古盔甲鱼(Bachuiaspis elegans-Palaeogaleaspis platyrostrastus Fauna)动物群。该化石动物群是中国脊椎动物生物证据确凿的记录,也是世界上晚奥陶世早期中国所特有的脊椎动物群。这批化石新材料的发现不仅在古鱼类发生和演化史上,而且在古脊椎动物地理分区和古构造分区上均具有重要的科学价值和研究意义。 相似文献
3.
《地层学杂志》2022,(1)
针对滇东北镇雄下蒿枝湾剖面晚奥陶世至志留纪兰多维列世过渡时期的沉积地层,本文进行了系统测制和地层古生物学研究,对其地层发育和对比进行了梳理与限定,首次发现该地晚奥陶世至志留纪早期地层自下而上可依次划分为大渡河组、“五里坡层”、龙马溪组底部和“龙马溪组中部”。其中,大渡河组为一套沉积于内陆棚的泥质泥晶灰岩与钙质泥页岩,时代可与五峰组对比。“五里坡层”是一套沉积于内陆棚的钙质粉砂岩地层,向上逐渐过渡为外陆棚相的龙马溪组底部黑色笔石页岩,两者构成了Metabolograptus persculptus带中上部沉积。大渡河组与“五里坡层”呈平行不整合接触,之间缺失观音桥层及Hirnantia-Mucronaspis动物群,指示赫南特期全球性海平面下降。“龙马溪组中部”以内陆棚的砂岩为起始,其中所产腕足动物化石指示其时代为志留纪鲁丹晚期。Edgewood-Cathay动物群缺失表明龙马溪组底部与“龙马溪组中部”之间存在不整合界面,体现了黔中古陆北缘的隆升。下蒿枝湾剖面奥陶纪—志留纪过渡时期的地层发育情况完整记录了在全球和区域事件的影响下滇东北沉积相和生物群的时空分布与发育的响应过程。 相似文献
4.
对扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚已发表的属种进行全面清理和厘定。现统计扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚约有117个属,其中以晚奥陶世和早志留世珊瑚属数最多。117个属中至少有30个属最早出现在扬子区中、晚奥陶世和早志留世地层。因此,扬子区被认为是奥陶纪、志留纪四射珊瑚起源中心之一。完善和修订扬子区中奥陶世至晚志留世四射珊瑚组合序列,使地层时代划分上均与国际通行标准(统、阶)接轨。尤其对扬子区早志留世Rhuddanian晚期,Aeronian早、晚期以及Telychian早、晚期四射珊瑚组合的重新建立和细分。最新资料表明晚奥陶世观音桥四射珊瑚动物群不但有更多的北欧同期的珊瑚分子,而且还产有北美标准属种Salvadorea,Brachyelasmasubregulare等说明两者也存在一定的联系。扬子区早志留世(Llandovery)的众多四射珊瑚属均为世界广布的,但也有许多地方性属(约有22个,占总数的23·4%)。就珊瑚生物古地理关系,它与同期的西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦和澳大利亚珊瑚群较密切。 相似文献
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6.
中国新疆古生代块体的亲缘关系和缝合时代 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依据古生物资料,探讨新疆古生代相关块体的亲缘关系和缝合时代。①早古生代不同省区动物群先后多次入侵哈萨克斯坦板块,表明中、晚寒武世和晚奥陶世哈萨克斯坦板块靠近塔里木、中朝和华南—东南亚板块;早古生代其余时期它接近西伯利亚板块。②早古生代,伊犁地体与塔里木板块亲缘,因为它的寒武纪三叶虫属于东方动物群的东南型,奥陶纪笔石是真正的华南型,缺乏志留纪的Tuvaella群落。中、晚泥盆世,广泛分布于塔里木、华南—东南亚等板块的标志化石Stringo-cephalus、Yunnanella、Yunnanellina在该地体遁迹,说明中泥盆世之前它远离塔里木板块。早二叠世晚期,它接近哈萨克斯坦板块,导致安加拉植物群入侵。推测托克逊—雅满苏地体与伊犁地体有相似的经历。③北山地区与伊犁地体、塔里木板块库鲁 相似文献
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8.
为了认识奥陶纪-志留纪之交的火山活动及事件年龄,对湖南桃源郝坪剖面的斑脱岩进行了LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年.结果表明,五峰组顶部斑脱岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄为442.2±8.1 Ma,该年龄反映了扬子地区奥陶纪-志留纪之交火山活动的时代,与国际地层委员会公布的奥陶系-志留系界线年龄(443.7±1.5Ma)相一致,同属晚奥陶世.奥陶纪-志留纪之交的火山活动对于探讨晚奥陶世生物绝灭、沉积环境变化与年代地层对比具有重要的意义. 相似文献
9.
东秦岭中部奥陶系-志留系界线地层及腕足动物群 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
东秦岭中部晚奥陶世和早志留世地层分布较广,化石较丰富,尤其是腕足类,分为寺岗组、石燕河组、刘家坡组和张湾组。曾庆銮等(1993)根据腕足类及其群落的更替,把石燕河组和刘家坡组归於早志留世,因而引起较大争论。本文据岩性将寺岗组和石燕河组分别改称为石燕河组下段和上段,并据腕足类化石认为石燕河组和刘家坡组应归於晚奥陶世、张湾组为早志留世;另据上述地层生物群落的特征及群落的更替,认为从石燕河组到刘家坡组,以及刘家坡组至张湾组恰好反映了全球冰期引起的晚奥陶世海退和早志留世冰期结束引起的海侵,故本区奥陶系-志留系界线宜划在刘家坡组和张湾组之间。 相似文献
10.
浙江西部晚奥陶世五峰期沉积及奥陶系—志留系的分界 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
浙江西部晚奥陶世五峰期沉积包括三种相:(一)笔石页岩相:由二部分组成,上部堰口组有笔石Diplograptus bohemicus带及三叶虫Dalmanitina sp.,下部于潜组有四个笔石带:(4)Paraorthograptus yuqianensis,(3)Climacograptus venstus,(2)Dicellograptus szechuanensis,(1)Pseudoclimacograptus anhuiensis(二)混合相:上部为文昌组,下部为长坞组,(三)壳灰岩相:上部为文昌组,下部为三巨山组,有Taeniolites,Proheliolites等。本区的Dalmanitina-Hirnantia层出露清楚,且Da·和H·与Diplograptus bohemicus共生,时代属晚奥陶世晚期。关于奥陶系—志留系界线:(1)笔石相,划在Diplograptus,bohemicus带与Glyptograptus persculptus带之间。(2)笔石相—壳相(腕足动物群),划在Diplograptus bohemicus带之顶与含Eospirifer动物群层位的底之间。(3)壳相—壳相(腕足动物群),划在含Dalmanitina-Hirnantia动物群层位之顶与含Eospirifer动物群层位的底之间。 相似文献
11.
South China contains many complete sections through the upper Ordovician and lower Silurian. Brachiopod data including 130 brachiopod genera, assigned to 13 orders and 27 superfamilies from mid-Ashgill through late Aeronian intervals reveal that brachiopod macroevolution before and after the latest Ordovician mass extinction shows important changes in the diversity, composition and stratigraphical distribution of the phylum. The following six intervals are recognized: (1) a faunal plateau before the latest Ordovician mass extinction (mid-Ashgill, Rawtheyan); (2) a survival–recovery interval following the first phase of the mass extinction (late Ashgill, Normalograptus extraordinarius Zone and lower Glyptograptus? persculptus Zone; Hirnantian); (3) first survival interval following the mass extinction (latest Ashgill, upper Glyptograptus? persculptus Zone; end Hirnantian); (4) a second survival interval after the mass extinction (earliest Llandovery, Parakidograptus acuminatus Zone; early to mid-Rhuddanian); (5) a recovery interval in the Silurian (early to mid-Llandovery; late Rhuddanian to early Aeronian); and (6) a radiation interval in the Silurian (mid-Llandovery; mid- to late Aeronian). Only near-shore, low-diversity, benthic assemblages (mainly BA2), characterized by Ordovician relicts with a few Lazarus taxa and progenitors, are known from the southern marginal area of the Upper Yangtze epicontinental sea during the early to mid-Rhuddanian. They were replaced by newly established Silurian brachiopod communities (mainly BA2–3) in the late Rhuddanian to early Aeronian. These are marked by many newly evolved endemic forms and new immigrants, expressing a clear recovery within the Brachiopoda, but the recovery interval of the major brachiopod groups was heterochronous. In China the typical Silurian brachiopod fauna was mainly composed of indigenous Atrypida, Pentamerida and Spiriferida with stropheodontids derived from elsewhere, such as Baltica and Avalonia, two apparent refugia in the survival interval. The Atrypida was the first major group of Brachiopoda to diversity in the late Rhuddanian. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
12.
David A.T. Harper 《地学学报》1992,4(2):204-209
Statistical analysis of mainly mid to deep-shelf Ordovician brachiopod faunas from localities within and marginal to the Appalachian- Caledonian Orogen reveals biogeographical patterns not entirely consistent with those presumed for the progressive orthogonal closure of the Iapetus Ocean. Correspondence analysis of faunas of late Arenig-early Llanvirn, late Llandeilo-earliest Caradoc and late Ashgill age emphasize the importance of marginal and island faunas, the role of regressions and transgressions on faunal distributions and the effects of climatic change in the definition of biogeographical trends during the Ordovician. 相似文献
13.
上扬子区晚奥陶世海退的生态地层证据与冰川活动影响 总被引：41，自引：9，他引：32
<正> 根据海域范围的不断窄缩,上扬子区晚奥陶世的海退现象,从古地理的变迁角度,早已证实(刘鸿允,1955;卢衍豪,1959;张文堂,1962;穆恩之等,1981等)。除了古地理方面外,是否还存在着其它的,例如生态地层(Ecostratigraphy)方面的证据呢?此外,引起上扬子区晚奥陶世海退的主要原因是什么?广布于上扬子区的赫南特贝动物群(Hir- 相似文献
14.
A new species of cladid(?) crinoid, Segmentocolumnus (col.) clarksoni, based on distinctive, disarticulated stem material, is described from the Upper Llandovery Kilbride Formation. Hitherto, this unit has yielded two taxa based on single, nearly complete crinoids. In contrast, S. (col.) clarksoni is known from numerous specimens, including common long pentagonal, pentameric, heteromorphic pluricolumnals with symplectial articulations, broad pentagonal lumina and narrow claustra. A related morphospecies is known from the Ashgill (Upper Ordovician) of Ireland. The fossil echinoderms of the Llandovery (Lower Silurian) are poorly known globally. Where present in this interval, echinoderms are more commonly preserved as disarticulated ossicles and rarely as complete specimens. Complete crinoids have now been identified from nine horizons in the Llandovery of the British Isles, making this one of the better known pelmatozoan faunas from this time interval. However, only two of these occurrences have yielded as many as five or more identifiable taxa. Seven of the nine occurrences are Upper Llandovery (Telychian). Genera are typical of the Silurian or (Upper Ordovician + Silurian); the only remnant Ashgill taxon that did not survive the Llandovery was the morphogenus Segmentocolumnus (col.) Donovan, an ‘extinction’ that probably owes more to taxonomic method than any evolutionary pattern. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
15.
《International Geology Review》2012,54(11):1175-1205
Great variety of lithic facies and abundance of varied faunas makes the Ordivician of this area ideal for study. Numerous detailed sections show that although many kinds of rock are exemplified the great majority are detrital in nature, with limestones constituting a lesser part. In order to conform to local stratigraphic circumstances, the Caradoc stage is redefined to include only the zones of Climacograptus wilsoni and Dicranograptus clingani. Similarly the Ashgill stage is redefined to include the zone of Pleurograptus linearis in addition to the zone of Dicellograptus complanatus. Throughout the section there are conflicts among the brachiopod, trilobite, cephalopod, and graptolite elements of the faunas concerning correct dating. In each case these have been resolved locally. Almost all the Ordovician series or formations overlap Precambrian rocks uncofformably at one place or another. This is particularly true of rocks below the Caradoc. The basal Akshal suite of limestones of questionable Tremadoc age is locally overlain by massive pink limestones which are of possible Arenig age. The Kopaly horizon believed to be of Llanvirn age is richly fossiliferous and composed of approximately 170 meters of detrital rocks with some impure limestones. This unit is considered Middle Ordovician because abundant trilobites and brachiopods resemble closely those of the overlying Karakan horizon believed to be of Llandeilo age. Despite the similarity of shelly faunas the graptolites of these two horizons differ markedly. The Beke series known as the “Green Flysch” overlies the Karakan to a thickness of 650 meters gradationally, and is believed to top the Llandeilo. The Caradoc Anderkenyn beds and the Caradoc and Ashgill Dulan-kara beds constitute sedimentary cycles from basal conglomerates to higher shales and limestones, as does a sequence including Upper Ashgill, Kyzyl-sai “Dark Flysch, ” the Chokpar horizon, and Lower Silurian Ul'kuntas limestone.—R. J. Ross, Jr. 相似文献
16.
A total of 17 brachiopod species belonging to 15 genera are recorded from a limestone block of about 3×4 km2 in the Indus–Tsangbo suture zone at Xiukang in Lhaze County of Tibet. The brachiopod fauna generally indicates a Late Guadalupian age (late Wordian–Capitanian, late Middle Permian) based on its association with the Timorites-bearing ammonoid fauna and the presence of the brachiopod Urushtenoidea crenulata. Palaeobiogeographically, the fauna exhibits transitional/mixed characters between the warm-water Cathaysian and cold to temperate Gondwanan faunas and may have developed on a carbonate build-up or seamount on the oceanic crust. 相似文献
17.
扬子区奥陶纪和志留纪四射珊瑚的起源、扩散及生物古地理关系 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
摘 要 提出扬子区是奥陶纪、志留纪四射珊瑚的起源中心。早古生代扬子区最早出现的四射
珊瑚约有30属包括穿孔珊瑚类 CalostylisYohophyllum扭心珊瑚类 BriantelasmaTunguse
提出扬子区是奥陶纪、志留纪四射珊瑚的起源中心。早古生代扬子区最早出现的四射
珊瑚约有30属包括穿孔珊瑚类 CalostylisYohophyllum扭心珊瑚类 BriantelasmaTunguse-
lasma包珊瑚类 AmplexoidesSynamplexoides十字珊瑚类 EostauriaCeriasterStauria 以及
珊瑚约有30属包括穿孔珊瑚类 CalostylisYohophyllum扭心珊瑚类 BriantelasmaTunguse
lasma包珊瑚类 AmplexoidesSynamplexoides十字珊瑚类 EostauriaCeriasterStauria 以及
泡沫珊瑚类 Rhizophyllum 等。它们在扬子区中奥陶世和早志留世地层迅速繁衍尔后扩散至
欧洲、北美和其他地区。扬子区晚奥陶世四射珊瑚群与北欧同期珊瑚有较高的相似性;而该
泡沫珊瑚类 Rhizophyllum 等。它们在扬子区中奥陶世和早志留世地层迅速繁衍尔后扩散至
欧洲、北美和其他地区。扬子区晚奥陶世四射珊瑚群与北欧同期珊瑚有较高的相似性;而该
区早志留世（包括 Wenlockian 阶）珊瑚群的生物古地理关系与西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦有紧密联
欧洲、北美和其他地区。扬子区晚奥陶世四射珊瑚群与北欧同期珊瑚有较高的相似性;而该
区早志留世（包括 Wenlockian 阶）珊瑚群的生物古地理关系与西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦有紧密联
系。扬子区早志留世珊瑚群与澳大利亚东部、北美东部同期珊瑚也有一定的相似性。
区早志留世（包括 Wenlockian 阶）珊瑚群的生物古地理关系与西伯利亚、哈萨克斯坦
系。扬子区早志留世珊瑚群与澳大利亚东部、北美东部同期珊瑚也有一定的相似性。 相似文献
18.
PEI FangRegional Geological Survey Party Henan Bureau of Geology Mineral Exploration Development Pingdingshan Henan 《《地质学报》英文版》2000,74(2):137-142
The Ordovician conodont faunal provinces were previously divided into the Midcontinent and Atlantic Faunal Regions situated respectively in low and high latitudes, where warm- and cold-water type conodont faunas flourished respectively. According to the international correlation this paper proposes the third Ordovician conodont faunal region-Qinling Faunal Region, in which cold-water conodont faunas were well developed in the Early to middle Middle Ordovician and warm-water conodont faunas were well developed in the late Middle and Late Ordovician, indicating that the Qinling Region was situated in high latitudes earlier and in low latitudes later. The origin was only due to plate movement In the Qinling Region the time interval of the change of the conodont fauna from the cold- to warm-water type was 4 Ma (from 474 to 470 Ma), during which the fauna geographically spanned 40° of latitudes, with a movement velocity of nearly 1.12 m/a, indicating that the high-latitude plates were divorced and reduced i 相似文献
19.
四川桂溪地区志田纪地层，于１９７０年由四川省地质局第二区调队发现，并根据其中所含腕足类Ｅｏｓｐｉｒｉｆｅｒｔｉｎｇｉ笼统划归中志留统。１９９４年，笔者等在这段地层中发现了以牙形石Ｓｐａｔｈｏｇｎａｔｈｏｄｕｓｃｒｉｓｐｕｓ，腕足类Ｒｅｔｚｉｅｌｌａｕｎｉｐｌｉｃａｔａ，床板珊瑚Ｓｑｕａｍｅｏｆａｖｏｓｉｔｅｓ，Ｏａｃｈｙｆａｖｏｓｉｔｅｓ，Ｐａｃｈｙｃａｎａｌｉｃｕｌａ为代表的晚志留亚纪动物属种，说明该套地层的沉积时限为晚志留亚纪，并可与云南曲靖，四川广元、二郎山、盐边，甘肃迭部等地区相当地层对比。这一发 相似文献
20.
A continuous Ordovician-Silurian boundary section from the upper Wufeng Formation through the Kuanyinchiao Formation to the lower Lungmachi Formation has been carefully measured and collected at Shuanghe of Changning, southern Sichuan Province. For the first time, the temporal changes of α- and β-diversities of the Hirnantia fauna have been discussed in great detail. The general trend of brachiopod diversity change, increasing upward, is consistent with the regional trend of the Yangtze Platform, which had been controlled by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. However, the sudden drop of diversity for a short period in the upper Kuanyinchiao Formation might have been controlled by environmental factors rather than normal faunal turnover. Synecological analysis using numerical methods recognizes two brachiopod-dominated associations of the Hirnantia fauna, the Dalmanella-Kinnella Association and the Mirorthis Association, both living in an offshore, deeper water environment corresponding to BA3-upper BA4, particularly lower BA3. 相似文献