A large number of paleo-landslide deposits exist in the Southeastern margin of the Qinghai–Tibet Plateau. Once these deposits are destroyed, the disaster chain will cause huge damage to life and property and have an impact on local geomorphic evolution. Diverse models are applied to analyze different geological problems of paleo-landslide deposits, which can produce the advantages of different models fully, thereby making up for the shortcomings of poor applicability of a single model in a certain type of problem. In this study, the Baimu paleo-landslide deposit located at the North side of Dongjiuqu Bridge of Sichuan-Tibet Railway is taken as the research object to completely analyze the potential damage by combining various technical means and numerical model, aiming to provide certain reference for the design and construction of the project. Firstly, site investigation and terrain interpretation confirm the existence of local deformation and damage. Secondly, the finite element model based on the strength reduction method is used to analyze the stability of the deposit and determine the potential damage area. For the potential damage area, debris avalanche and debris flow as two disaster transformation modes are considered. The discrete element model and shallow flow model are used to simulate the dynamic process of debris avalanche and debris flow under complex terrain, respectively. The results show that potential debris avalanche or debris flow will accumulate at the mouth of the Baimu gully, and there will be no direct threat to the bridge. Finally, the formation and evolution sequence of the deposit is proposed, which plays an important role in analyzing the evolution of local river geomorphology.
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共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 196 毫秒
1.
泥石流流体具有速度快、破坏力强的特征,严重威胁着山区城镇的建设、民众生命以及财产安全。如何针对泥石流的运动堆积过程进行模拟一直是泥石流研究的热点和难点。基于近似Voellmy解的连续介质理论,建立泥石流动力模型,采用数值模拟仿真的方法,以一典型的泥石流沟为研究实例进行分析,通过模拟泥石流运动、堆积的动力过程,分析其最大速度、压力、过流量、堆积高度以及堆积面积,为后期泥石流危险性评价区划及防治提供有力支撑。 相似文献
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泥石流堆积运动特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
以云南省东川市深沟泥石流堆积区为研究对象, 根据深沟可能爆发泥石流灾害的区域范围、规模、性质和介质特征, 按爆发20年一遇(频率5%)和100年一遇(频率1%)的泥石流灾害预测规模, 运用数值模拟方法模拟了泥石流爆发历时过程的堆积运动特征及空间分布形态; 分析了不同规模泥石流堆积运动过程中, 泥石流堆积厚度及堆积运动速度在空间上和时间上的变化发展趋势. 相似文献
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岷县簸箕沟金矿因人类开采活动引发了矿山泥石流灾害. 采用FLO-2D软件模拟分析了降雨强度重现期50 a及100 a条件下的簸箕沟泥石流运动特征, 进行危险性评价和分区, 并结合实际发生情况做了精度验证. 结果表明: 簸箕沟泥石流的堆积扇范围、堆积深度以及平均流速等运动特征参数随着降雨重现周期的变长而增大, 堆积扇中部的堆积深度及流速明显大于两翼及前端. 泥石流的危险区集中分布于泥石流沟道以及沟口一定范围内. 随着降雨重现周期的变长, 高危险区面积比例由48%升高至54.0%. 通过精度验证得出模拟结果与实际情况基本相符, 可信度较高. 相似文献
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基于FLO-2D的都江堰市龙池镇黄央沟泥石流数值模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用HEC-HMS软件结合ArcGIS技术模拟都江堰市龙池镇黄央沟2010年8月13日泥石流的清水流量过程线,然后生成的清水过程线输入到FLO-2D软件中模拟了黄央沟泥石流的运动和堆积过程,计算了堆积的深度和分布范围。文中分析比较了模拟结果与实际调查结果,误差较小。可见基于FLO-2D的泥石流规模预测具有一定的应用意义,预测结果可以为泥石流的防治和预警提供依据。 相似文献
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泥石流堆积形态影响要素的数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
罗元华 《中国地质灾害与防治学报》2000,11(3):79-81
本文运用泥石流堆积数值模拟方法,对影响泥石流堆积形态的主要因素分别进行了变化趋势的模拟分析,展示了堆积区地形坡度的差异、泥石流体重度变化和一次泥石流冲出量大小不同等所产生的泥石流堆积形态和空间展布范围的变化规律.研究结果可应用于分析预测不同条件下、不同类型的泥石流灾害发生范围及强度分布,进而为灾害风险评估提供基础. 相似文献
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为了揭示雅鲁藏布江色东普沟2018年10月17日冰崩—堵江—溃决灾害链的动力演化过程,基于Massflow数值模拟仿真平台,使用Fortran编程语言,根据研究区域地质条件特征对程序进行二次开发以优化Voellmy模型,模拟冰崩—泥石流动力过程;将模拟泥石流得到的堰塞坝体嵌入地形中,运用ArcGIS计算堰塞湖范围及体积,通过Manning模型模拟堰塞湖溃决洪水动力过程。采用分段模拟法再现冰崩—泥石流—堵江—堰塞湖—溃坝的完整动力过程,对泥石流运动过程中的流速、流深,坝体高度,溃决洪水的流深、流速等参数进行定量化研究,为色东普流域的防灾减灾工作提供有效支撑。为了揭示雅鲁藏布江色东普沟2018年10月17日冰崩-堵江-溃决灾害链的动力演化过程,采用Massflow数值模拟仿真平台,以Fortran语言为编程手段,根据研究区域地质条件特征对程序进行二次开发优化Voellmy模型,模拟冰崩-泥石流动力过程;将模拟泥石流所得到的堰塞坝体嵌入地形中,采用ArcGIS计算堰塞湖范围及体积,通过曼宁模型模拟堰塞湖溃决洪水动力过程。采用分段模拟法再现冰崩-泥石流-堵江-堰塞湖-溃坝的完整动力过程,对泥石流运动过程中的流速、流深,坝体高度,溃决洪水的流深、流速等参数进行定量化研究,为色东普流域的防灾减工作提供有效支撑。 相似文献
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郭京 《地质灾害与环境保护》2004,15(4):9-14
泥石流流体性质不仅决定了泥石流的类型,而且是研究泥石流动力学特征、泥石流治理、泥石流危险性评价等方面的基础。通过分析泥石流堆积物颗粒粒度特征和一系列的定量指标可以分析泥石流流体性质。由于后期洪水作用下泥石流堆积物颗粒粒度特征发生了变化,再加上颗粒粒度分析中取样等因素影响使泥石流堆积物颗粒粒度分析结果难以反映泥石流流体性质。因此,泥石流流体性质不能仅仅依据泥石流堆积物颗粒粒度特征来确定,而应采用综合分析研究方法来确定泥石流流体性质。本文以关家川沟为例,采用堆积物颗粒粒度分析与相关定量指标相结合的方法,综合分析研究了关家川沟泥石流流体的性质。该分析研究方法对研究泥石流流体性质具有实际的工程意义。 相似文献
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泥石流拦砂坝通常建造在沟床堆积物上。泥石流堆积物的渗透性是影响坝底扬压力的关键因素。目前关于土体渗透性的研究主要集中于无黏性粗粒土,对泥石流堆积物这种宽级配土体渗透性的研究比较缺乏。选择北川县泥石流沟床堆积物作为试验材料,通过渗透试验,确定了影响宽级配土渗透性的细颗粒上限粒径;在此基础上,通过试验研究了细颗粒含量与渗透系数的关系。结果表明,泥石流堆积物中粗颗粒仅起骨架作用,细颗粒才是决定其渗透性能的关键;显著影响宽级配土渗透性的细颗粒上限粒径为0.1 mm;细颗粒（<0.1 mm）含量与渗透系数呈负指数关系,并且当细颗粒含量超过20%以后,泥石流堆积土的渗透性趋于稳定。 相似文献
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泥石流启动过程PFC数值模拟 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
泥石流松散碎屑物质具有散粒体的基本特征,在暴雨激发下容易形成泥石流,整个过程具有散粒体大变形的特征。颗粒流理论是基于离散单元法模拟圆形颗粒介质的运动及其相互作用,在模拟颗粒相互作用和大变形问题研究方面具有显著的优越性。为分析泥石流松散碎屑物质启动形成泥石流的过程及其与土体含水率的关系,采用二维颗粒流程序（PFC2D）分析降雨作用下松散碎屑物质启动形成泥石流的过程,揭示崩滑堆积体在降雨作用下含水率超过临界值后质点运动速度和位移增加,松散碎屑物质启动并加速而导致滑坡泥石流连锁式破坏的过程和机制。 相似文献
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The Saharan debris flow: an insight into the mechanics of long runout submarine debris flows 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
New 3·5 kHz profiles and a series of piston cores from the north-west African margin provide evidence that the Saharan debris flow travelled for more than 400 km on a highly fluid, low-friction layer of poorly sorted sediment. Data suggest that the Saharan debris flow is a two-phase event, consisting of a basal, volcaniclastic debris flow phase overlain by a pelagic debris flow phase. Both phases were emplaced on the lower continental rise by a single large debris flow at around 60 ka. The volcaniclastic flow left a thin deposit less than 5 m thick. This contrasts with the much thicker (over 25 m) deposit left by the pelagic debris flow phase. We suggest that pelagic sediment, sourced and mobilized as debris flow from the African continental margin, loaded and destabilized volcaniclastic material in the vicinity of the western Canaries. When subjected to this loading, the volcaniclastic material appears to have formed a highly fluid sandy debris flow, capable of transporting with it the huge volumes of pelagic debris, and contributing to a runout distance extending over 400 km downslope of the Canary Islands on slopes that decrease to as little as 0·05°. It is likely that the pelagic debris formed a thick impermeable slab above the volcanic debris, thus maintaining high pore pressures generated by loading and giving rise to low apparent friction conditions. The distribution of the two debris phases indicates that the volcaniclastic debris flow stopped within a few tens of kilometres after escaping from beneath the pelagic debris flow, probably because of dissipation of excess pore pressure when the seal of pelagic material was removed. 相似文献
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速流结构防治泥石流的理论及应用 总被引：17，自引：4，他引：17
作为一种公路沿线发育的地质灾害，泥石流是路基、路面及相关建、构筑物最强烈的毁损动力。为了防治泥石流公路灾害，作者开发了速流结构。该结构由汇流槽和速流槽组成。其中汇流槽的侧墙长度、高度’、厚度等参数通过泥石流沟形态及其冲击力综合确定；而速流槽的宽度、侧墙及纵横断面则由泥石流排泄量、流速、锁固桩及流体性质综合确定。根据公路穿越速流结构的方式，将速流结构分为底越式和顶越式2种。速流结构对于解决具有大冲大淤特性的冲淤变动型沟谷泥石流灾害具有重要应用价值。据此可以确保穿越泥石流沟的公路构、建筑物的安全与稳定．确保公路交通有序进行。此外，文章对速流结构的一些子结构，如速流槽侧墙及锁固桩进行了力学分析。位于川西南西昌-木里干线公路的平川泥石流属于典型的冲淤变动型沟谷泥石流。该沟长度8．2km，沟床平均比降0．181，平均流速9．0m／s，沉积区宽度500m左右。为了确保该段公路交通的有序进行，作者干1999年实施了平川泥石流速流结构。通过2000年以来的研究及现场测试，显示了该防治结构的优越性。但是，作为一种特殊的水工结构，泥石流对速流结构的磨蚀作用是比较强烈的。因此，开展速流结构的抗冲、抗撞研究是进一步研究具有重要价值。 相似文献
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Flow processes and sediment deformation in the Canary Debris Flow on the NW African Continental Rise
The Canary Debris Flow formed an extensive deposit on the NW African Continental Margin west of the Canary Islands. Sidescan sonar images and 3.5-kHz profiles show that the middle part of the debris flow deposit consists of complex channel systems separated by banks and ridges of debris. Channels are typically up to 10 km wide and 10 to 20 m deep, and have little or no debris fill. They appear to feed a more laterally continuous debris flow sheet which is seen further downslope. Interchannel banks and ridges are composed of 5 to 20 m thick debris deposits. This morphology is remarkably similar to that seen in subaerial debris flows, and we therefore infer that the observed submarine debris flow morphology is a primary flow fabric, rather than the result of the debris flow interacting with or exploiting pre-existing channels. High-resolution Sidescan sonar images show that the debris flow surface is covered by sediment blocks up to 300 m in diameter. A single core collected from the flow shows that most of the 4.6-m flow thickness at the core site is composed of a single clast. The clast has been folded, with its upper part consisting of an inverted minor image of the lower part. The same sequence occurs again, in situ, beneath the debris flow, suggesting that the clast may have a local source, rather than having been derived from the debris flow source area, some 200 km upslope. This indicates that the debris flow was capable of substantial seabed erosion in the middle part of its course. In these middle reaches, erosion within the channelled areas probably occurred simultaneously with deposition in the interchannel areas. Interchannel deposits may contain both locally derived and original source area material. 相似文献
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