共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 78 毫秒
1.
将地震液化场地土层分为非液化表层土、中部的液化土层和底部的基层,基于饱和多孔介质理论和Novak薄层法,研究轴向压力作用下液化黏弹性土层中端承桩的水平动力特性。利用Helmholtz分解和变量分离法,得到液化土层对桩水平振动的阻抗。利用矩阵传递法,在频率域得到轴力作用下液化土层中端承桩简谐振动的解析解和桩头复刚度的表达式,并进行参数研究,分析轴力、桩-土模量比、桩长径比、液-固耦合系数等对桩头动力刚度和阻尼的影响。结果表明,在轴力作用下,不同长径比、桩-土模量比、液-固耦合系数时的动力刚度绝对值均比无轴力作用时减小,但随频率的变化趋势相同;轴力对桩水平振动的动力阻抗影响显著,随着轴力的增加,桩的水平振动动力刚度因子的绝对值减小,若轴力继续增大,其绝对值趋近于0,桩发生失稳破坏;桩长径比和桩土模量比对桩的水平振动动力阻抗有显著的影响,而液-固耦合系数的影响较小。 相似文献
2.
为研究液化场地中群桩在强震作用下的动力响应特征及桩侧土抗力-桩土相对位移（p-y）曲线规律,依托海文大桥实体工程,基于振动台模型试验,开展了0.15g～0.35g地震动作用饱和粉细砂土层不同埋置深度下的砂土孔压比、桩身弯矩及p-y曲线动力响应研究。结果表明：地震动强度达到0.25g时,不同埋置深度下的饱和粉细砂土层孔压比均大于0.8,产生液化现象,且随埋置深度增加,孔压比增长时刻明显滞后;不同埋置深度下,桩身弯矩最大值均位于液化土层和非液化土层分界面处;同一埋置深度时,随地震动强度的增大,p-y曲线所包围的面积逐渐增大,其整体斜率逐渐变小,说明桩-土相互作用动力耗能逐渐增大,桩周土体刚度逐渐减小;随埋置深度增加,p-y曲线所包围的面积逐渐减小,其整体斜率逐渐增大,说明桩-土相互作用动力耗能逐渐减小,桩周土体刚度逐渐增大。因此,液化场地桥梁群桩抗震设计时,应综合考虑液化土层与桩基础的相互位置关系,确保桩基础在液化土层与非液化土层分界处的抗弯承载能力。 相似文献
3.
将地震液化场地分为地表的上覆未液化土层、底部的未液化基层以及夹在两者之间的液化土层,基于桩-土相互作用的非线性Winkler模型,考虑桩弯曲的非线性弯矩-曲率本构关系和桩的几何非线性变形,建立了液化土层横向扩展下桩非线性大挠度变形的基本控制方程,并利用打靶法进行了数值求解。同时,给出了桩线弹性小变形情形下的解析解。通过与非线性有限元解和线弹性小变形解析解的比较,验证了文中打靶法的有效性和可靠性。用数值方法分析了液化土层横向扩展对桩力学性能的影响,结果表明：非线性桩-土相互作用和桩材料非线性效应强于桩的几何非线性效应,随着液化土层横向扩展位移的增加,几何非线性效应逐渐增大,此时,应采用完全非线性模型进行桩力学行为的分析。 相似文献
4.
在桩基顶部承受竖向荷载作用的条件下,将完全液化后的上层土体视为流体,将桩基等效为欧拉-伯努利梁模型,探讨了桩底嵌固时桩基顶部的水平振动阻抗。运用流体动力方程模拟顶部液化土层的运动,运用文克尔地基模拟下部非液化分层土的运动。结合传递矩阵法,利用液化土与非液化分层土交界面处的位移、转角和内力连续条件,得到桩基顶部和底部的相关位移?内力表达关系式。根据桩基底部的嵌固条件,求得桩顶阻抗的表达式。与已有文献解进行对比,验证了分析过程的正确性。对阻抗影响条件进行参数分析,表明液化深度、轴力和流体密度大小对桩顶阻抗有不同的影响。 相似文献
5.
Asskar Janalizade Choobbasti Meysam Saadati Hamid Reza Tavakoli 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(6):1307-1315
The performance of pile foundations in liquefiable soil subjected to earthquake loading is a very complex process. The strength and stiffness of the soil decrease due to the increase in pore pressure. The pile can be seriously destroyed by the soil liquefaction during strong earthquakes. This paper presents the response of vertical piles in liquefiable soil under seismic loads. A finite difference model, known as fast Lagrangian analysis of continua, is used to study the pile behavior considering a nonlinear constitutive model for soil liquefaction and pile?Csoil interaction. The maximum lateral displacement and maximum pile bending moment are obtained for different pile diameters, earthquake predominant frequencies, Arias intensities, and peak accelerations. It is found that the maximum lateral displacement and the maximum pile bending moment increase when the predominant earthquake frequency value decreases for a given peak acceleration value. 相似文献
6.
Anisotropy in the onset of liquefaction and post liquefaction under cyclic loading condition causes the change in response behavior of the soil. The proposed model operates within the integration of sliding/opening/closing framework of 17 predefined planes as local deformation. This leads to the use of better stress/strain multilaminate histories with many directional effects on soil behavior specifically internal mechanism during pre and post-liquefaction. The ability of multilaminate model for fabric anisotropy has been proven by comparison with the experimental results under drain and undrained conditions and monotonic and cyclic loading. The effects of induced anisotropy was also investigated. 相似文献
7.
饱和粉土液化后变形特性试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用多功能静动液压剪切三轴仪,进行了一系列饱和粉土液化后变形特性试验,研究了干密度和液化程度对粉土液化后变形特性的影响,并考虑试验动加载前小幅预振和不规则动加载对粉土液化后变形特性的影响。试验结果表明,液化后变形可由两段应变 和 组成。干密度越小, 越大, 段剪切模量越低;液化越严重 越大,不同液化程度对 段剪切模量影响很小;动加载前小幅预振和不规则动加载对液化后变形影响较小。提出了饱和粉土液化后变形模型,给出了模型参数的推导。验证结果表明,该模型的计算值与试验值吻合较好,说明该模型能很好地描述这种变形行为。 相似文献
8.
Experimental soft-sediment deformation: structures formed by the liquefaction of unconsolidated sands and some ancient examples 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
GERAINT OWEN 《Sedimentology》1996,43(2):279-293
The effects of liquefaction in saturated sand bodies under a variety of driving forces are described from shaking table experiments, and structures from the geological record are presented which are analogous to the experimental structures. The collapse of sloping heaps of cross-bedded sand under a gravitational body force generates low-angle, essentially uncontorted stratification. A basal zone of shearing may be present, with steepened and folded foresets. Stretching of foresets may be accommodated on normal faults, and bottomsets may be contorted into inclined folds. In natural systems the substrate may also liquefy, causing deformation driven by an unevenly distributed confining load. Stratification in the surface bedform is flattened, and stratification in the substratum contorted. Experiments failed to produce relative displacement at the interface between stacked sand bodies. Liquefaction of gravitationally unstable systems in sands generates load structures comparable to those from sand-mud systems. Recumbent-folded deformed cross-bedding is formed by current shear over a liquefied bed, as has been inferred from field and theoretical analyses. Shear of nonliquefied sand forms angular folds. Other deformation mechanisms, such as fluidization or seepage, may generate structures similar to all of these. Local water-escape structures driven by fluidization occur in the upper parts of some liquefied sand bodies. They include cusps, sand volcanoes and clastic dykes. Transient cavities formed in some experiments and seemed to be preserved as breached cusps. Although the experiments tried to isolate individual driving forces, driving forces may operate together, and there may be a continuum between deformation driven by water escape and deformation driven by loading. Different structures from those described here may form where liquefaction develops in a buried layer as opposed to at the sediment surface. 相似文献
9.
Ioanna Rapti Fernando Lopez-Caballero Arezou Modaressi-Farahmand-Razavi Alexandre Foucault Francois Voldoire 《Acta Geotechnica》2018,13(5):1041-1059
The increasing importance of performance-based earthquake engineering analysis points out the necessity to assess quantitatively the risk of liquefaction of embankment-type structures. In this extreme scenario of soil liquefaction, devastating consequences are observed, e.g., excessive settlements, lateral spreading and slope instability. The present work discusses the global dynamic response and interaction of an earth structure-foundation system, so as to determine quantitatively the collapse mechanism due to foundation’s soil liquefaction. A levee-foundation system is simulated, and the influence of characteristics of input ground motion, as well as of the position of liquefied layer on the liquefaction-induced failure, is evaluated. For the current levee model, its induced damage level (i.e., induced crest settlements) is strongly related to both liquefaction apparition and dissipation of excess pore water pressure on the foundation. The respective role of input ground motion characteristics is a key component for soil liquefaction apparition, as long duration of mainshock can lead to important nonlinearity and extended soil liquefaction. A circular collapse surface is generated inside the liquefied region and extends toward the crest in both sides of the levee. Even so, when the liquefied layer is situated in depth, no significant effect on the levee response is found. This research work provides a reference case study for seismic assessment of embankment-type structures subjected to earthquake and proposes a high-performance computational framework accessible to engineers. 相似文献
10.
为了分析浅薄层湿陷性黄土场地荷载对桩基的影响规律,设计了单桩未浸水和浸水加载试验。结果表明:浸水后黄土湿陷对桩体产生了负摩阻力,在桩顶荷载条件下使桩体沉降,桩身轴力及桩侧摩阻力均发生了显著变化。较未浸水工况,浸水后的桩体沉降量明显增大,当接近设计极限荷载时,桩体的沉降量发生突变,残余沉降量增大。浸水后桩体的轴力最大值位置由桩顶转换至桩顶下湿陷性黄土层,且轴力的峰值大于桩顶的荷载,桩体中上部位置轴力普遍增大,轴力最大值位置与中性点位置相对应,浸水后桩侧摩阻力体现出双峰特征。由此可见,湿陷性黄土场地浸水后的荷载对桩体的变形和受力均有较大影响,应在桩体的设计中综合考虑安全和经济因素来对荷载进行取值。 相似文献
11.
地震诱发的地基液化对桩基础的破坏极大,液化地基中桩的破坏机理是岩土地震工程中的一个重要研究课题。目前地基液化时桩土结构系统的地震性态尚没有认识充分,已有的研究内容较多局限于桩身材料的强度破坏方面,难以考虑液化土体侧向流动、基桩屈曲失稳、以及土与结构动力相互作用等复杂因素的影响。本文重点加强以下3个方面的深入探讨和研究:(1)液化地基中桩的屈曲失稳;(2)液化地基中桩基破坏的数值模拟新方法;(3)液化地基中桩-土-结构的动力相互作用分析。 相似文献
12.
JOHN PITTS 《Boreas: An International Journal of Quaternary Research》1983,12(4):247-251
Borehole samples of glacial sands from Caldy, Wirral contained bubble structures which have not been found in in situ exposures of the corresponding materials. It is believed that the sands liquefied during driving of the sampler, destroying previous structures and developing a bubble structure by release of pore-air during liquefaction. The sands conform generally to the grading characteristics previously defined for sands prone to liquefaction. Their propensity to liquefy was confirmed by laboratory tests. 相似文献
13.
传统桩基础结构抗震设计中一般认为忽略结构与桩基础相互作用影响使得结构所受惯性作用计算结果偏于保守,但对几次强震中地震动反应谱和桩基础结构震害特征的总结与分析表明,液化作用和结构与桩基础相互作用可能导致桩基础结构惯性作用增强。通过可液化地基中桩基础结构的动力离心模型试验手段,分析了地基液化对结构与桩惯性相互作用的影响,发展了适用于表层液化地基中的结构与桩惯性相互作用的简化计算方法,并利用该方法对文中及Wilson等的离心模型试验进行分析,得到的结构加速度与试验结果吻合较好,从而验证了方法的有效性。 相似文献
14.
Waves and winds can induce lateral loads on piles, which are often multidirectional. The objective of this study is to investigate the response of a single pile subjected to unidirectional and multidirectional lateral loadings using the finite element analysis program ABAQUS. A simplified version of the state-dependent dilatancy model was implemented and embedded into the program to simulate the behavior of the soil around the pile. The results of the analyses indicate that the lateral resistance of the pile along one horizontal direction under multidirectional loading is lower than that under unidirectional loading. The degree of reduction of the resistance increases with the aspect ratio of the displacement path at the pile head. The directions of the force increment vector and the displacement increment vector are generally non-coaxial under multidirectional loading. The soil-pile interaction and soil responses under multidirectional loading are also significantly different than those under unidirectional loading. 相似文献
15.
基于完全不排水试验的已有研究结果表明,只有在饱和松砂中才可能发生流滑现象,较密实的饱和剪胀性砂土在初始液化后的不排水循环或单调剪切作用条件下,则会呈现出所谓往返活动性或抗剪强度恢复现象。然而,实际土工抗震边值问题中的饱和砂土在许多情况下并不能够被视为处于完全不排水条件,可能由于土性和变形等因素的不同而处于剪切排水甚至剪切吸水条件。通过对饱和砂土液化后常剪切吸水率试验结果的分析指出,剪切吸水条件可能导致剪胀性砂土的抗剪能力显著降低、甚至发生流滑现象。基于可逆性与不可逆性剪切体应变的概念以及3种体应变分量变化的特性规律,推导出剪切吸水条件下的体变约束条件。不同排水条件下的体变约束条件决定了剪胀性砂土应力-应变响应的不同变化,当满足自由吸水剪切条件时饱和砂土会出现具有流动特征的大变形;当满足强制吸水剪切条件时会发生具有非稳定特征的流滑现象。 相似文献
16.
Flexural response of piles under liquefied soil conditions 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
The paper pertains to the development of a generalized procedure to analyze and predict the flexural behavior of axially and
laterally loaded pile foundations under liquefied soil conditions. Pseudo-static analysis has been carried out taking into
consideration the combined effect of axial load and lateral load. Based on the available literature effect of degradation
on the modulus of subgrade reaction due to soil liquefaction has been incorporated in the analysis. The developed program
was calibrated and validated by comparing the predicted behavior of the pile with theoretical and experimental results reported
in literature. The predicted behavior has been found to be in excellent to very good agreement with the theoretical and observed
values in the field, respectively. The present study highlights the importance of considering the axial load from the superstructure
along with the inertia forces from the superstructure and the kinematic forces from the liquefied soil in the design of pile
foundations in liquefiable areas. The significance of densification of the soil in the liquefiable areas and presence of an
adequate top non-liquefied soil cover causing appreciable reduction in deflection and bending moment experienced by the piles
has been highlighted. 相似文献
17.
Triaxial tests on the fluidic behavior of post-liquefaction sand 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
Yu Huang Hu Zheng Wuwei Mao Maosong Huang Guanghui Li 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2012,67(8):2325-2330
Liquefaction-induced ground deformation is a major cause of structural damage during earthquakes. However, a better understanding of seismic liquefaction is needed to improve earthquake hazard analyses and mitigate structural damage. In this paper, a dynamic triaxial test apparatus was employed to investigate the fluidic characteristics of post-liquefaction sand. The specimens were vibrated to the point of liquefaction by dynamic loading, and then the liquefied sand was further sheared by triaxial compression in an undrained manner. It was found that a non-Newtonian fluid model can accurately describe the shear stress and the shear strain rate of post-liquefaction sand during undrained triaxial compression. The apparent viscosity, a major parameter in a constitutive model of a non-Newtonian fluid, decreases with an increase in the shear strain rate. 相似文献
19.
Hanifi Missoum Mostefa Belkhatir Karim Bendani Mustapha Maliki 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(1):279-296
In a number of recent case studies, the liquefaction of silty sands has been reported. To investigate the undrained shear and deformation behaviour of Chlef sand–silt mixtures, a series of monotonic and stress-controlled cyclic triaxial tests were conducted on sand encountered at the site. The aim of this laboratory investigation is to study the influence of silt contents, expressed by means of the equivalent void ratio on undrained residual shear strength of loose, medium dense and dense sand–silt mixtures under monotonic loading and liquefaction potential under cyclic loading. After an earthquake event, the prediction of the post-liquefaction strength is becoming a challenging task in order to ensure the stability of different types of earth structures. Thus, the choice of the appropriate undrained residual shear strength of silty sandy soils that are prone to liquefaction to be used in engineering practice design should be established. To achieve this, a series of undrained triaxial tests were conducted on reconstituted saturated silty sand samples with different fines contents ranging from 0 to 40 %. In all tests, the confining pressure was held constant at 100 kPa. From the experimental results obtained, it is clear that the global void ratio cannot be used as a state parameter and may not characterize the actual behaviour of the soil as well. The equivalent void ratio expressing the fine particles participation in soil strength is then introduced. A linear relationship between the undrained shear residual shear strength and the equivalent void ratio has been obtained for the studied range of the fines contents. Cyclic test results confirm that the increase in the equivalent void ratio and the fines content accelerates the liquefaction phenomenon for the studied stress ratio and the liquefaction resistance decreases with the increase in either the equivalent void ratio or the loading amplitude level. These cyclic tests results confirm the obtained monotonic tests results. 相似文献
20.
传统的Poulos弹性理论仅适合于均质土中土体侧向位移时桩的性状分析,无法考虑土的层状特性。通过引入层状地基中作用一水平集中力的广义Mindlin解和地面作用有竖向荷载时的应力和位移通解,对Poulos方法进行了改进,使之扩展到多层土中,还用于研究堆载条件下的被动桩变形和受力响应。算例分析表明,改进弹性理论要比Poulos方法更为严密、合理,提高了计算精度,应用范围也更广。 相似文献