共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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判断各地水下系统的水力联系是供水水文地质勘察中十分翻天覆地的工作，它是正确建立水文地质概念模型，评价地下水资源的前提，本文引进灰色系统理论，借助于水化学资料，应用灰色联联度法，对滕南矿区侏罗系地下水各系统水力联系进行判断，取得了理论效果。 相似文献
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"防止模拟失真,提高仿真性"是数值模拟的核心 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：17
陈崇希 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(2):1-5
提出地下水资源调查与评价的目标、基础、主线、手段和核心5个方面的基本关系;水文地质调查设计书应提出拟建的概念模型;指明当前数值模拟的核心是"防止模拟失真,提高仿真性";强调对水文地质条件的正确分析和建立模型论证的重要性。要避免对水文地质条件、地下水流动基本特征未加精细分析就提出数学模型。水文地质模拟者不应单纯地追求"拟合",只有在合理概化水文地质模型和采用正确的仿真技术的基础上才有真正意义上的拟合。模型识别是对水文地质条件的再认识。指出沿井孔滤管的进水流量和水头如何分布及用什么方法预测是当前井孔 含水系统数值模拟最基本的问题之一。列举了其中常见的、容易导致模拟失真的若干模拟要素。 相似文献
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水是经济发展和社会进步的生命线,研究地下水资源赋存规律,计算地下水资源量及开采潜力评价,对区域地下水可持续开发利用及水环境保护具有重要意义。本文以莱州市平里店—驿道地区所在的1∶5万平里店图幅区域作为研究区,通过资料收集、水文地质测绘、地球物理勘探、水文地质钻探、水文地质试验、水文地球化学调查、地下水动态监测等工作手段,查明了研究区内各水文地质单元的水文地质特征。在此基础上,将研究区划分为5个地下水资源计算分区(包含11个计算组、2个计算亚组),通过资料统计法和开采量调查统计法统计了各计算分区一个水文年内地下水资源开发利用现状,计算并选用合适的水文地质参数,运用水均衡法计算出区内降水入渗补给量、河流渗漏补给量、灌溉回渗补给量、侧向径流量及地下水允许开采量,并对各计算分区地下水资源开采潜力作出分析评价。研究区地下水允许开采量为3915. 675×104 m 3/a,王河水文地质区松散岩类孔隙水涌水量>500m3/d亚组地下水资源开采潜力较大,其余各计算分区、组及亚组地下水资源开采潜力一般。 相似文献
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构建合理的水文地质概念模型对于地下水数值模拟至关重要,概念模型如果确定不合理,整个数值模拟将毫无意义。通常水文地质调查可以大致确定水文地质概念模型,然而对于一些不易被发现的补给源,通过水文地质调查也无法确定。水化学和同位素特征对地下水的补给源及水流路径有很好的指示作用,可以根据这些信息对水文地质概念模型进行细化。文章通过对研究区地下水取样,分析地下水水化学和同位素特征,确定出研究区内不易识别的地下水补给源及顶层黏土-粉质黏土的透水性,最终细化了水文地质概念模型边界条件。这对于后期得到正确的地下水流和溶质运移模拟结果具有重要意义。 相似文献
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以控制地面沉降为约束的地下水资源评价——以上海地区为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以上海市区第V承压含水层(埋深约350m )以上的整个第四系松散沉积层为研究体,将上海地下水系统作为一个完整且不可分割的系统来研究。由于开采地下水资源引起地下水系统内部物质能量变化,因而产生一系列的环境地质问题(如地面沉降、地下水位下降、资源开采条件恶化等)。根据研究区地下水系统特征和已有的研究程度,在技术方法和途径上,着重研究上海地区第四系含水层结构、水文地质工程地质条件,建立水文地质工程地质概念模型; 在此基础上建立以地下水资源开采量最大、水位降幅及地面沉降较小、社会经济效益较好为目标的地下水拟三维渗流一维地面沉降的评价与管理模型,并为我国大中城市(特别是在诸如开采地下水引起的地面沉降问题的地区)的地下水资源评价与管理提供可借鉴的经验和方法。 相似文献
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哈密盆地地下水系统划分及特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
《新疆地质》2016,(1)
地下水系统的划分是正确评价哈密盆地新疆煤炭基地地下水资源的基础。以哈密盆地地下水系统为研究对象,在对该盆地地形地貌、区域地质条件及水文地质条件分析的基础上,运用地下水系统理论对该盆地地下水系统进行了划分。据地下水系统划分原则和依据,将研究区划分为1个一级地下水系统;3个二级地下水系统;8个三级地下水系统;4个四级地下水系统。通过对该盆地地下水系统的划分,为新疆煤炭基地地下水资源评价和规划提供了科学评价和理论依据。 相似文献
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区域含水层系统结构的体视化表达及地下水位预测——以江苏省宿迁市为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文结合宿市区域水文地质条件的实际状况,利用GMS对宿迁市区域含水层系统结构进行了体视化表达,使建立的区域水文地质概念模型更加直观,在概念模型的基础上建立了相应的数学模型,并利用Visual MODFLOW对宿迁市不同开采条件下的地下水位变化进行了预测。结果表明：2009年末将出现两个较大的水位降落漏斗区。根据模型预测结果,提出了该区地下水合理开采的建议。 相似文献
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Currently, many types of software including those used for environmental geological survey, investigation of groundwater resources, groundwater pollution invest-igation and urban geological environment investigation have been developed by hydrogeological investigation in-dustries. In order to rationally and scientifically evaluate the quality of the software and guide software development, a study on hydrogeological survey software evaluation was conducted unsing an index system. A weighting method was used to establish a three-stage quality indicator system model including technical modules, test items and test sub-items. The evaluation index system model was divided into seven technical modules, 26 test items and 71 test sub-items, and scoring methods and scoring criteria of various evaluation indicators were established. The groundwater resources survey software was evaluated and the evaluation index system model was tested. Hydro-geological survey software evaluation is still in its infancy, so the hydrogeological survey software evaluation index system is the primary probe for hydrogeological survey software eva-luation standards and norms. 相似文献
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地下水流数值模拟是高放废物处置库选址中水文地质评价的重要内容.水文地质概念模型是地下水流数值模拟的基础和前提.在北山预选区水文地质分析基础上,利用DEM数据生成了研究区地表水系,据此确定了模拟范围;借助GMS软件,建立了研究区三维水文地质结构模型;再通过边界条件、流场特征、地下水均衡项和水文地质参数的分析和描述,建立了北山地区水文地质概念模型. 相似文献
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山东淄博市地下水资源评价及其合理开发利用研究 总被引：12，自引：4，他引：8
本文采用有限单元法进行地下水资源评价以解决评价区供水面积大、精度要求高的矛盾。首先根据实际的开采量和长期观测孔的水位资料,校正数学模型,反求有关参数;然后给定开采方案进行未来水头的预测;最后研究地下水资源的合理开发利用问题。利用有限单元法进行水源地或单一含水层的地下水资源评价已被证明是先进的、有效的。本文是对水文地质条件非常复杂的大面积的区域,用有限单元法进行地下水资源评价的一种尝试,可供类似地区参考。 相似文献
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Groundwater flow and the associated surface water flow are potential negative factors on underground tunnels. Early detection of environmental impacts on water resources is of significant importance to planning, design and construction of tunnel projects, as early detection can minimize accidents and project delays during construction. The groundwater modeling software package Groundwater Modeling System (GMS), which supports the groundwater numerical codes MODFLOW and FEMWATER, was utilized to determine the impact of tunneling excavation on the hydrogeological environment in a regional area around the tunnel and a local hot springs area, at the “Tseng-Wen Reservoir Transbasin Diversion Project”, in Taiwan. A hydrogeological conceptual model was first developed to simplify structures related to the site topography, geology and geological structure. The MODFLOW code was then applied to simulate groundwater flow pattern for the hydrogeological conceptual model in the tunnel area. The automated parameter estimation method was applied to calibrate groundwater level fluctuation and hydrogeological parameters in the region. Calibration of the model demonstrated that errors between simulated and monitored results are smaller than allowable errors. The study also observed that tunneling excavation caused groundwater to flow toward the tunnel. No obvious changes in the groundwater flow field due to tunnel construction were observed far away in the surrounding regions. Furthermore, the FEMWATER code for solving 3-D groundwater flow problems, in which hydrogeological characteristics are integrated into a geographic information system (GIS), is applied to evaluate the impact of tunnel construction on an adjacent hot spring. Simulation results indicated that the groundwater drawdown rate is less than the groundwater recharge rate, and the change to the groundwater table after tunnel construction was insignificant for the hot spring area. Finally, the groundwater flow obtained via the GMS indicated that the hydrogeological conceptual model can estimate the possible quantity of tunnel inflow and the impact of tunnel construction on the regional and local groundwater resources regime of the transbasin diversion project. 相似文献
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在第二松花江傍河开采适宜性评价的基础上,根据研究区的地质和水文地质条件,建立了水文地质概念模型及相应的数学模型,建立了基于Visual MODFlow的地下水流数值模型;以地下水水位降深不大于含水砂层厚度的1/3为准则,通过使预测流场与允许降深条件下的流场尽量接近,给出了第二松花江干流傍河开采条件下的地下水允许开采量。结果表明:现状年条件下区域地下水资源开采强度较小,而傍河开采条件下各适宜区地下水开采潜力巨大,在多年平均降水保证率条件下,地下水允许开采量可达140×104 m3/d;适度规模傍河开采可引起地表水与地下水转化关系的变化,但不会对河流生态功能产生不利影响。 相似文献
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The cenozoic aquifer system of the Lower Tagus Basin: a description of the hydrogeological situation in the Almada region (Portugal) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Maria Manuela Malhado Simões Ribeiro 《Hydrogeology Journal》2009,17(4):999-1009
A conceptual hydrogeological model of the Mio-Pleistocene deposits in the Almada region, located in the Cenozoic aquifer system of the Lower Tagus Basin (Portugal), has been developed. Though numerous studies have been conducted on its geological features, there have not been enough hydrogeological investigations to define the origin, flow path and the groundwater quality and to understand the coexistence of overlapped interacting aquifers. Therefore, a study is presented here on the occurrences and features of groundwater resources in the Almada region based on an inventory in the field (wells, springs and boreholes), physical and chemical analyses, geologic setting, and tectonic and geomorphologic observations. This aquifer system has long been a source of concern because of the high level of extraction over the last few decades, as well as the progressive degradation of the water quality. Available groundwater resources have been affected by intensive agricultural and industrial activity, as a consequence of incorrect or non-existent hydrogeological knowledge. 相似文献
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Numerical simulation of karst groundwater system for discharge prediction and protection design of spring in Fangshan District,Beijing 
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下载免费PDF全文 As the rapid growth of population and social economy, the situation of water resources shortage in Beijing city becomes more and more serious. Karst groundwater in Beijing has great potential for development. The reasonable exploitation of karst groundwater can enhance the water-supply stability of Beijing city. Firstly, the distribution of springs has been investigated in Fangshan, Beijing, and the characteristics of these springs have also been analyzed. Secondly, the hydrogeological conceptual model has been built, based on this, the groundwater flow numerical simulation model was established, and the parameter identification and validation of the model were performed under groundwater level and spring discharge. The results shows that the simulated values of groundwater level and spring discharge are very close to measured values, and the model can be used for groundwater resources evaluation and spring discharge prediction. Finally, a reasonable exploitation design has been developed with three exploitation scenarios considering the spring discharge protection; meanwhile, the quantity of groundwater resources was evaluated in the karst aquifer. The simulation results indicate that different exploitation yields have a significant impact on spring discharge; and the effective measures should be taken to protect the spring discharge 相似文献
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GIS支持下的新疆平原区地下水资源评价模型 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
在阐述地下水资源系统特征的基础上,采用水均衡的基本原理,在MAPGIS、RS、数据库和VBA面向对象开发技术支持下,构建地下水资源评价模型,评价模型主要应用了遥感信息、水文地质调查、水位水质观测及其他试验资料多源信息,综合考虑了影响地下水系统的多种因素,如含水层特征、水质、植被覆盖情况以及地下水开发利用状况.该评价方法同传统方法相比,具有速度快、精度高的优点.另外,基于GIS的评价模型更大的优势是数据更新时,便于模型重新评价,最终为水资源统一规划提供可靠的决策依据. 相似文献