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早前寒武纪变质岩系是辽宁地区古老变质岩系的重要组成部分,变质程度高于绿片岩相,局部可达麻粒岩相.通过研究辽宁早前寒武纪变质岩系元素地球化学特征,计算了辽宁地区早前寒武纪变质岩系元素原始浓集系数,建立了不同构造单元和地层单元元素的原始浓集模型. 相似文献
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我国早前寒武纪变质岩中金矿床深延问题初探 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文通过国内外绿岩带及其中的金矿床对比研究,说明我国早前寒武纪变质岩系的原岩层序和岩性特征与世界各绿岩带是可以对比的;我国早前寒武纪变质岩系中的金矿床在赋矿围岩、控矿构造及产出形式诸方面与绿岩型金矿也是可以对比的。从其成矿机理及基本事实出发,指出在我国早前寒武纪变质岩分布区及已知老矿区寻找深部矿体的可能性。 相似文献
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燕辽地区太古宇与下元古界间不整合面的发现及其意义 总被引：14，自引：3，他引：14
我们经过对冀北东部早前寒武纪变质岩系的岩石，地层，变形变质和同位素年龄以及中间界面的研究，表明上、下部岩系为角膜不整合接触。不整合面的存在，对早前寒武纪地层划分，确定地质时代，研究地壳演化史，开展地质调查及找矿都有一定意义。 相似文献
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兴华渡口群等大兴安岭北部前寒武纪变质岩系的组成和演化对于确定额尔古纳和兴安地块的构造属性具有重要意义,是近年大兴安岭北部基础地质研究的热点之一。本次工作通过对黑河北部石灰窑—明智山一带的兴华渡口群二云石英片岩和"混合岩"进行锆石LA-ICP-MS U-Pb定年发现该变质岩系并非前寒武纪变质岩,而是由早古生代碎屑沉积岩(或变质岩)和晚古生代岩浆岩经后期构造岩浆作用改造而形成的构造杂岩。其中二云石英片岩中具有岩浆成因特征的碎屑锆石核部年龄主要存在401~427 Ma、442~448 Ma、473~517 Ma、639~714 Ma、757~818Ma、896~933 Ma和1704~1751 Ma 7个年龄组,其中473~517 Ma段碎屑锆石的峰最明显,与早古生代多宝山组岛弧火山岩等早古生代岩浆作用形成时间相一致,其他年龄组亦在区域上其他地区有报道,这表明该变质岩的原岩物源来源较广泛,不仅有元古宙岩浆岩和变质岩系,还有大量的早古生代岩浆岩,因此其原岩形成时代不应是前寒武纪,而是早古生代。根据碎屑锆石最小峰值年龄,本次工作推断该二云石英片岩原岩的最大沉积年龄应不早于416Ma,另外大量的元古宙碎屑锆石表明区域上可能存在前寒武纪变质基底。对所谓混合岩的调查发现其应为发生动力变质的糜棱岩化二长花岗岩,其中岩浆锆石(304.5±3.1)Ma的206Pb/238U加权平均年龄反映花岗岩形成于晚石炭世晚期,该期花岗岩为晚古生代兴安地块东缘花岗岩带的一部分。 相似文献
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在前寒武纪变质岩系中的钾长浅粒岩,岩层厚度不大,但出露层位稳定,分布范围广,可以作为前寒武纪变质岩系的标志层之一。文章初步总结了它的野外鉴别特征、矿物及化学成份,认为是典型的沉积变质岩石。 相似文献
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浙西南下元古界八都群的地质年代学 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：13
下元古界八都群是中国东南大陆边缘最古老的变质岩系之一，为早前寒武纪浙闽克拉通的主要组成部分。利用单颗粒锆石U-Pb法、常规锆石U-Pb法、锆石蒸发Pb法、Sm-Nd、Rb-Sr等时线法确定八都群的成岩时代为2050-2400Ma，区域变质作用和克拉通化时间为1900±100Ma。 相似文献
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今年，《PrecambrianResearch》刊物出版了斯里兰卡前寒武纪地质研究成果专集（Vol．66，No．1—4期），共分三部分20篇文章。从这些成果看，他们采用新的地质理 论和地质构造分析、同位素地质、地球物理、PTt轨迹等方法，对斯里兰卡的前寒武纪进行了深入研究，从而使斯里兰卡的地质研究程度提高了一大步。斯里兰卡，除了沿海地区有少部分显生宙地层分布外，整个斯里兰卡岛都是由前寒武纪岩层所占据。斯里兰卡成了下地壳研究的关键地区之一。斯里兰卡的变质岩系斯里兰卡最高级变质岩占据的岛区，对变质岩系的划分，由于该岛变质岩变质深… 相似文献
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提出了一种分析含水层抽水试验中水位恢复数据的新方法。在方法的建立过程中,考虑了地下水位在上升和下降过程中,含水层的的释水系数和贮水系数之间可能存在着的差异。对表示水位恢复阶段降深变化表达式中的两个表达式都采用了相同的简化方式,即对由于持续抽水引起的降深项和停抽时刻开始的虚拟注水引起的降深项,均采用了保留Theis井函数的级数表达式中前三项作为其简化式,简化条件为无量纲时间 和 。在这样的简化条件下,建立了具有同时能够确定含水层导水系数、贮水系数和释水系数的方法。根据贮水系数和释水系数是否相等,可以判断含水层水位下降与水位恢复过程的形变是否可逆。最后,通过算例说明了方法的应用步骤。 相似文献
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Field and laboratory methods have been used to determine the hydraulic properties in a multiple-layer aquifer–aquitard system that is hydrologically connected to a river. First, hypothetical pumping tests in aquifer–aquitard systems were performed to evaluate the feasibility of MODFLOW-PEST in determining these parameters. Sensitivity analyses showed that: the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the aquifer has the highest composite sensitivity; the vertical hydraulic conductivity has higher composite sensitivity than the horizontal hydraulic conductivity in the aquitard; and a partial penetration pumping well in an aquifer layer can improve the quality of the estimated parameters. This inverse approach was then used to analyze a pumping-recovery test conducted near the Platte River in southeastern Nebraska, USA. The hydraulic conductivities and specific yield were calculated for the aquitard and aquifer. The direct-push technique was used to generate sediment columns; permeameter tests on these columns produced the vertical hydraulic conductivities that are compatible with those obtained from the pumping-recovery test. Thus, the combination of the direct-push technique with permeameter tests provides a new method for estimation of vertical hydraulic conductivity. The hydraulic conductivity, determined from grain-size analysis, is smaller than the horizontal one but larger than the vertical one determined by the pumping-recovery test. 相似文献
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In an aquifer, heterogeneity plays an important role in governing groundwater flow. Hence, aquifer characterization should involve both the pattern and values of the hydrogeological parameters. A new analytical solution describing the one-dimensional groundwater flow in a multi-zone unconfined aquifer is presented, and a methodology developed from the analytical solution and a heuristic approach for determining the pattern and values of the aquifer parameters are proposed. The analytical solution demonstrates that the hydraulic head varies spatially and is influenced by aquifer heterogeneity. Simulated annealing, a heuristic approach, is incorporated with the solution to simultaneously identify the pattern and values of the hydraulic conductivity for a horizontal multi-zone unconfined aquifer. This approach may be used to give an approximate result for a two-dimensional problem by dividing the model area into a number of transects along the transverse direction, identifying the parameter values along the longitudinal direction for each transect, and then smoothing the identified results. 相似文献
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Development of a simple method for determining the influence radius of a pumping well in steady-state condition 
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下载免费PDF全文 A S El-Hames 《地下水科学与工程》2020,8(2):97-107
Influence radius of a pumping well is a crucial parameter for hydrogeologists and engineers. Knowing the radius of influence for a designed drawdown enables one to calculate the pumping rate required to layout a project foundation that may need lowering of groundwater level to a certain depth due to dewatering operation. In addition, this is important for hydrogeologists to determine ground water contamination flow paths and contributing recharge area for domestic water supply and aquifer management purposes. Empirical formulas that usually neglect vital parameters to determine the influence radius accurately have been traditionally utilized due to lack of adequate methods. In this study, a physically based method, which incorporates aquifer hydraulic gradient for determining the influence radius of a pumping well in steady-state flow condition, was developed. It utilizes Darcy and Dupuit laws to calculate the influence radius, where Darcy's law and Dupuit equation, in steady-state condition, represent the inflow and the outflow of the pumping well, respectively. In an untraditional manner, this method can be also used to determine aquifer hydraulic conductivity as an alternative to other pumping test methods with high degree of accuracy. The developed method is easy to use; where a simple mathematical calculator may be used to calculate the influence radius and the pumping rate or hydraulic conductivity. By comparing the results from this method with the MODFLOW numerical model outputs with different simulated scenarios, it is realized that this method is much superior and more advantageous than other commonly used empirical methods. 相似文献
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Sensitivity analysis for the GALDIT method based on the assessment of vulnerability to pollution in the northern Sfax coastal aquifer,Tunisia 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Coastal aquifer of northern Sfax (Tunisia) suffers from the high risk to seawater intrusion and the water quality degradation due to the overexploitation. Hence, assessing the study area vulnerability to pollution is highly crucial so as to protect the groundwater resources. The assessment has been performed by applying the GALDIT method using Geographic Information System (GIS) software and multi-criteria evaluation techniques, and the sensitivity analysis approach to evaluate the effect of each GALDIT parameter on the vulnerability assessment. The GALDIT vulnerability map classifies the study area into three vulnerability classes: low vulnerability (30–50), moderate vulnerability (50–70), and high vulnerability (70–90), which represent 5, 30, and 65 % of the study area, respectively. The map illustrates that the coastal zones of the aquifer are the most threatened areas. The sensitivity analysis results show that the aquifer hydraulic conductivity (A) and the thickness of the aquifer (T) represent the determining factors in the modified vulnerability model. The real weight was used to elaborate the modified GALDIT model which was correlated with resistivity values for validation. This study could serve as a scientific basis for sustainable land planning and groundwater management in the study area. 相似文献
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The origin and movement of groundwater are the fundamental questions that address both the temporal and spatial aspects of ground water run and water supply related issues in hydrological systems. As groundwater flows through an aquifer, its composition and temperature may variation dependent on the aquifer condition through which it flows. Thus, hydrologic investigations can also provide useful information about the subsurface geology of a region. But because such studies investigate processes that follow under the Earth's shallow, obtaining the information necessary to answer these questions is not continuously easy. Springs, which discharge groundwater table directly, afford to study subsurface hydrogeological processes.The present study of estimation of aquifer factors such as transmissivity (T) and storativity (S) are vital for the evaluation of groundwater resources. There are several methods to estimate the accurate aquifer parameters (i.e. hydrograph analysis, pumping test, etc.). In initial days, these parameters are projected either by means of in-situ test or execution test on aquifer well samples carried in the laboratory. The simultaneous information on the hydraulic behavior of the well (borehole) that provides on this method, the reservoir and the reservoir boundaries, are important for efficient aquifer and well data management and analysis. The most common in-situ test is pumping test performed on wells, which involves the measurement of the fall and increase of groundwater level with respect to time. The alteration in groundwater level (drawdown/recovery) is caused due to pumping of water from the well. Theis (1935) was first to propose method to evaluate aquifer parameters from the pumping test on a bore well in a confined aquifer. It is essential to know the transmissivity (T = Kb, where b is the aquifer thickness; pumping flow rate, Q = TW (dh/dl) flow through an aquifer) and storativity (confined aquifer: S = bSs, unconfined: S = Sy), for the characterization of the aquifer parameters in an unknown area so as to predict the rate of drawdown of the groundwater table/potentiometric surface throughout the pumping test of an aquifer. The determination of aquifer's parameters is an important basis for groundwater resources evaluation, numerical simulation, development and protection as well as scientific management. For determining aquifer's parameters, pumping test is a main method. A case study shows that these techniques have been fast speed and high correctness. The results of parameter's determination are optimized so that it has important applied value for scientific research and geology engineering preparation. 相似文献