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1.
沉积型锂资源成矿作用特征 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
沉积型锂资源作为可利用锂资源的重要组成部分,由于其储量大、分布范围广而备受关注,但对于锂的赋存状态、赋矿沉积岩的沉积特征、成矿物质来源等成矿作用特征观点不一。通过对国内外沉积型锂资源成矿作用的综合分析,文章尝试总结出沉积型锂资源的成矿作用规律。综合国内外沉积型锂资源（矿床）的特征分析,沉积型锂资源主要赋存于黏土岩、铝质黏土岩及铝土矿中,部分分布于绿豆岩（凝灰岩）以及砂岩、泥岩等碎屑岩。锂在其中的赋存状态多样,主要以类质同象或离子吸附形式赋存在绿泥石、蒙脱石、高岭石和伊利石等黏土矿物中,个别为可开采的独立含锂矿物。多数沉积型锂资源沉积在湖相、泻湖相等低能的还原环境中,富锂岩石主要来源于岛弧类长英质火山岩和少量碎屑岩-碳酸盐岩,且源区母岩经历强烈的风化作用,沉积物可能经历再旋回的搬运过程。富锂岩石源于大陆岛弧环境,沉积于被动大陆边缘、裂谷或克拉通盆地。火山岩和含锂地层下伏的碳酸盐岩均可能是沉积型锂资源中锂的来源,成矿源区的不同造成了沉积型锂资源成矿作用的差异。 相似文献
2.
It is shown that formation of high-temperature granulite-like rocks in the contact aureole of the Yurchik gabbronorite intrusion of the Ganal Ridge in East Kamchatka was caused by contact metamorphism, metasomatism, and local melting of the primary sedimentary-volcanogenic rocks of the Vakhtalkinskaya Sequence of the Ganal Group. The temperature in the inner part of the aureole reached 700–800°C and caused transformation of basic rocks into two-pyroxene-plagioclase, clinopyroxene-amphibole-plagioclase, and amphibole-plagioclase rocks, while sedimentary rocks were replaced by garnet-biotite and garnet-cordierite-biotite hornfelses. Locally, basic volcanic hornfelses were subjected to metasomatic alteration with the formation of bodies of biotite-orthopyroxene-plagioclase metasomatites. In the zones of the most intense fluid filtration, the metasomatites experienced local magmatic replacement resulting in the formation of biotite-orthopyroxene-plagioclase ± garnet migmatite veinlets and patches. Bodies of garnet enderbites were formed after sedimentary interlayers at temperatures of 700–800°C and a lithostatic pressure of 3.2–4.8 kbar. The comparison of the chemical composition of the Vakhtalkinskaya basic volcanics and the products of their transformation indicates that, in terms of chemistry, the metasomatic alterations and magmatic replacement correspond to siliceous-alkaline metasomatism (granitization) causing a subsequent and uneven influx of Si, Al, Na, K, Rb, Ba, Zr, Nb, and Cl and removal of Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, and some trace elements (Cr, Co, Ti, Y, and S). The processes of metamorphism and metasomatism were presumably provoked by highly mineralized mantle fluids that were filtered through magmatic channels that served as pathways for gabbroid magma. 相似文献
3.
Z. G. Badredinov B. A. Markovskii E. A. Nozdrachev I. V. Matyushkin I. V. Grinkevich 《Doklady Earth Sciences》2017,476(1):973-977
U–Pb SHRIMP dating of zircons from metamorphic rocks of the crystalline basement of the Omolon-Taigonos area (northeastern margins of Asia) has been used to determine the periods of early endogenic activity of the crust. These periods correlate to the time of formation of the magmatic rock protolith (3.2–3.3 Ga), the stage of regional metamorphism (2.6–2.8 Ga), and the superimposed granitization. The resulting data can be used to reconstruct the history of development of the crust in the Precambrian. 相似文献
4.
拉萨地块西段缺失晚古生代岩浆岩,造成不能从岩浆岩角度探索其晚古生代地质演化,因此沉积岩的对比研究对理解拉萨地块晚古生代的差异演化过程至关重要。本文通过对尼雄地区上石炭统—下二叠统拉嘎组碎屑岩地球化学特征分析,试图揭示其物源特征及源区构造背景,提供拉萨地块晚古生代沉积岩对比分析的基础信息。尼雄地区拉嘎组一段和二段主量和微量元素特征略有差异,二段较一段CaO、Na_2O含量更高,V、Cr、Ni、Co及轻稀土含量也更高,反映二者沉积源区有一定差异。拉嘎组物源区的构造背景兼具被动大陆边缘与活动大陆边缘特征,并且二段较一段显示更强的活动大陆边缘亲缘性。结合区域地质资料,认为拉嘎组碎屑岩主要来自成熟的大陆源区,为冈瓦纳大陆北缘基底岩石及早古生代沉积岩的再旋回沉积,二段源区的少量酸性及基性物质组分对应于冈瓦纳大陆北缘泛非期及寒武纪岩浆活动。 相似文献
5.
中国北方元古宙沉积岩中自生稀土矿物特征及其意义--以北京、大连地区为例 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
大连震旦系十三里台组首次发现自生稀土元素矿物独居石后 ,在北京十三陵中元古代长城系常州沟组、串岭沟组和大红峪组又发现了自生的独居石以及其他磷酸盐和硅酸盐稀土矿物。自生稀土矿物的形成和岩石中稀土元素含量较高有关 ;电子探针背散射图像和 P、Th、L a、Ce、Nd、Y等元素面分布图像研究表明 ,沉积岩中的自生稀土矿物与岩浆岩、变质岩和碎屑成因的截然不同。本文首次报道了元古宙长城系常州沟组沉积岩中碎屑锆石边部成岩过程中形成的自生磷钇矿。中国北方元古宙泥砂质碎屑沉积岩普遍具有高稀土组合 ,许多地区都可能存在独居石等自生稀土矿物 ,如天津蓟县、辽西、辽南和宣化等地 ,为利用离子探针 (SHRIMP)确定其同位素地质年代提供了可能。此外 ,本文对比了大连震旦系自生独居石和内蒙白云鄂博矿区东矿的独居石晶形和化学成分的相似性 ,再一次提出中国北方元古宙富稀土地层可能是内蒙古白云鄂博巨型稀土元素矿床的矿源层问题。 相似文献
6.
滇西崇山变质杂岩带位于三江造山带"峰腰"的北段,带内构造挤压变质作用强烈,主体由一套中-深变质岩系（崇山岩群）和晚期花岗岩组成.其中崇山岩群历来被认为是元古代的结晶基底,但至今无精确的年龄依据,其形成时代和构造属性存在较大争议,严重制约了对区域构造演化的认识.对滇西漕涧地区崇山岩群中的岩石组分开展了碎屑锆石U-Pb年代学及岩石地球化学研究,结果显示副变质岩中的锆石均具明显的磨圆特征和较大的岩浆核,其中3件样品的最小一组碎屑锆石年龄分别为366~412 Ma（平均值为395 Ma）、435~508 Ma（平均值为473 Ma）和673~704 Ma（平均值为689 Ma）,指示了其原始沉积时代应不早于395 Ma;岩石地球化学表明,副变质岩是一套活动大陆边缘或被动大陆边缘构造背景有关的大陆岛弧碎屑岩,变质基性岩和变质中性岩为同源异相,均具活动大陆边缘的弧火山岩特征.结合副变质岩和两类正变质岩的构造属性相同以及普遍具相互伴生关系的特点,该3类岩石应属同一套地层系统的不同物质组分,崇山岩群主体为一套成岩于晚古生代（236~395 Ma）和形成于陆缘弧环境的火山-沉积地层单元;并与南东侧澜沧增生杂岩的志留纪弧火山岩组合成原-古特提斯洋盆东侧不同时代多岛弧的构造格局.综合研究认为,崇山变质杂岩带内的中-深变质岩系（崇山岩群）不（全）是前人认为的元古代结晶基底建造,应为原-古特提斯洋盆向东俯冲在兰坪-思茅地块西缘形成的一套火山-沉积地层系统;崇山岩群主要由年轻的（晚古生代）地层岩石组成,由于后期遭受中生代和新生代变质变形作用后形成了现今所见的"古老"岩石面貌的中-深变质系. 相似文献
7.
越南中部的Kontum 地块是印支地块中前寒武纪变质岩最重要的出露地区之一。该地块由不同时代不同变质程度的岩石组成。该研究通过对该地区主要变质岩的岩石学、地球化学和锆石U-Pb 年代学分析,探讨了Kontum 地块的物质组成以及其形成的构造背景。岩相学和化学成分分析结果表明,这些基底变质岩主要由变质沉积岩和少量的变质火成岩组成。变质沉积岩的原岩主要是硬砂岩和页岩。锆石U-Pb 定年结果显示,这些沉积岩形成于古元古代晚期到新元古代晚期,并大致可以划分为五期沉积盆地的形成和演化,分别对应岛弧环境、被动大陆边缘环境、活动大陆边缘或大陆弧环境、活动大陆边缘-被动大陆边缘过渡环境和活动大陆边缘的构造背景。二个变质火成岩的原岩分别是拉斑玄武岩和S 型花岗岩,它们分别形成于1424 Ma 和1485 Ma。拉斑玄武岩显示富集Rb、Ba、Sr 等大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta、Zr、Ti 等高场强元素,符合典型岛弧玄武质岩石的地球化学特征。其锆石的εHf(t)值主要为正值（-1.68~+14.2）, 表明其岩浆起源于亏损的岩石圈地幔。地球化学特征表明其形成于岛弧环境,与第三期沉积沉积作用环境相符。S 型花岗岩具有较高的SiO2、ALK和A/CNK（>1.1）,以及中等的稀土含量和中等的Eu 负异常。其原岩岩浆锆石的εHf (t)值变化于+5.97~+12.1,表明源区沉积岩的碎屑主要来自新生地壳。对比显示Kontum 地块与海南岛在中元古代时期很可能曾经相连,在Columbia 超大陆裂解时期处于超大陆的边缘。 相似文献
8.
I. A. Tararin Z. G. Badredinov S. I. Dril’ N. S. Gerasimov G. P. Sandimirova T. A. Vladimirova 《Geochemistry International》2013,51(11):896-911
Geological and geochemical data indicate that the formation of the granulite-like rocks in the contact aureole of the Yurchik gabbronorite intrusion of the Ganal Range, Kamchatka, was caused by the contact metamorphism, metasomatism, and local melting of the initial volcanosedimentary rocks of the Vakhtalka Sequence of the Ganal Group. The temperature in the inner part of the aureole reached 700–800°C and caused the transformation of the basic volcanic rocks of the sequence into two pyroxene-plagioclase, clinopyroxene-amphibole-plagioclase, and amphibole-plagioclase hornfelses, while sedimentary rocks were converted into garnet-biotite ± cordierite hornfelses. The hornfelsed basic volcanic rocks were locally subjected to metasomatic alteration and magmatic replacement with formation of biotite-orthopyroxene-plagioclase metasomatic bodies containing biotite-orthopyroxene-plagioclase ± garnet veinlets and aggregates. During these processes, sedimentary interlayers were converted into garnet enderbites at 700–800°C and 3.2–4.8 kbar. The comparison of the chemical composition of basic volcanic rocks of the Vakhtalka Sequence and their transformation products indicates that the metasomatic alteration and magmatic replacement correspond to siliceous-alkaline metasomatism (granitization) and cause subsequent and uneven influx of SiO2, Al2O3, Na2O, K2O, Rb, Ba, Zr, Nb, and Cl and removal of Fe, Mg, Mn, Ca, Cr, Co, Ti, Y, and S. REE data on basic metavolcanic rocks, hornfelses, and metasomatites suggest that the processes of hornfelsation, metasomatism, and magmatic replacement of the initial volcanic rocks were accompanied by significant increase in LREE and slight decrease in HREE. The Sr and Nd isotope study of the rocks in the aureole showed that the initial basic volcanic rocks of the Vakhtalka Sequence are isotopically close to both mature island arc tholeiites and mid-ocean ridge basalts. The metasomatic alteration and magmatic replacement of volcanic rocks in the aureole lead to the decrease of 143Nd/144Nd and increase of 87Sr/86Sr approximately parallel to mantle array. Pb isotopic ratios in the studied rocks become more radiogenic from initial metavolcanic rocks to metasomatites. It is suggested that the processes of metamorphism, metasomatism, and magmatic replacement were caused by highly mineralized mantle fluids, which percolated along magmatic channels serving as pathways for gabbroid magma. 相似文献
9.
S. Viswanathan 《Lithos》1974,7(1):29-34
Oxygen isotope studies of granitic rocks from the 2.7 b.y.-old composite Giants Range batholith show that: (1) δ(O18)quartz values of 9 to 10 permil characterize relatively uncontaminated Lower Precambrian, magmatic granodiorites and granites; (2) granitic rocks thought to have formed by static granitization have δ(O18)quartz values that are 1 to 2 permil higher than magmatic granitic rocks; (3) satellite leucogranite bodies have values nearly identical to those of the main intrusive phases even where they transect O18-rich metasedimentary wall rocks; (4) oxygen isotopic interaction between the granitic melts and their O18-rich wall rocks was minimal; and (5) O18/O18 ratios of quartz grains in a metasomatic granite are largely inherited from the precursor rock, but during the progression — sedimentary parent → partially granitized parent → metasomatic granite → there is gradual decrease in δ(O18)quartz by 1 to 2 permil. 相似文献
10.
近年来的研究发现,夕卡岩型矿床不仅仅发生在中酸性岩体与碳酸盐岩类的接触带上,在基性岩体的接触带上或者远离接触带的地层中也可以形成夕卡岩,成矿围岩也突破了碳酸盐岩类岩石的限制,在火山沉积凝灰岩等较活泼的火山沉积岩中也可以形成夕卡岩和夕卡岩型矿床;这类型的矿床大多数与陆壳俯冲带中的岩浆弧有关,其成矿温度以中低温为主,成矿深度从浅表成到中深成的环境为主,深成环境不利于夕卡岩的形成;夕卡岩型矿床的成矿物质以深源为主,部分可能有地壳物质的混入;而成矿流体的不同演化阶段表现出一定的差异,早期以岩浆水占优势为特征,并向天水方向演化,晚期主要以天水占优势为特征。 相似文献
11.
12.
Geological framework and Paleozoic tectonic history of the Chinese Altai, NW China: a review 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Keda Cai Min Sun Chao Yuan Xiaoping Long Wenjiao Xiao 《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2011,52(12):1619-1633
The Chinese Altai, as a key portion of the Central Asian Orogenic Belt (CAOB), is dominated by variably deformed and metamorphosed sedimentary rocks, volcanic rocks and granitic intrusions. Its Early Paleozoic tectonic setting has been variously considered as a passive continental margin, a subduction-accretion complex, or a Precambrian microcontinent, and two representative competing tectonic models have been proposed, i.e., open-closure versus subduction-accretion. Recent studies demonstrate that the high-grade metamorphic rocks previously considered as fragments of a Precambrian basement have zircon U-Pb ages (predominantly 528 to 466 Ma) similar to those of the widely distributed low-grade metasedimentary rocks named as Habahe Group in the region, and all these meta-sedimentary rocks were dominantly deposited in the Early Paleozoic. Petrological evidence and geochemical compositions further suggest that these meta-sedimentary rocks were probably deposited in an active margin, not a passive continental margin as previously proposed. The detrital zircons of sediments and igneous zircons from granitoids including the inherited ones (mainly 543–421 Ma) mostly give positive ?Hf(t) values, suggesting significant contributions from mantle-derived juvenile materials to the lower crust. A modeling calculation based on zircon Hf isotopic compositions suggests that as much as 84% of the Chinese Altai is possibly made up of “juvenile” Paleozoic materials. Thus, available data do not support the existence of a Precambrian basement, but rather indicate that the Chinese Altai represented a huge subduction-accretion complex in the Paleozoic. Zircon U-Pb dating results for granitoids indicate that magmatism was active continuously from the Early to Middle Paleozoic, and the strongest magmatic activity took place in the Devonian, coeval with a significant change in zircon Hf isotopic composition. These findings, together with the occurrence of chemically distinctive igneous rocks and the high-T metamorphism, can be collectively accounted for by ridge-trench interaction during the accretionary orogenic process. 相似文献
13.
Insolation weathering and hygric dilatation: two competitive factors in stone degradation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
In the natural environment, temperature and moisture are very important parameters in stone degradation. Therefore, on 28 samples from different lithologies (magmatic, metamorphic and sedimentary rocks) thermal and hygric expansion measurements were performed in order to constrain their behaviour related to environmental changes. It was shown that marbles, even those that are dolomitic, are sensitive to temperature impacts. For rocks with clay minerals the effect of temperature may be responsible for shrinking. Finally the amount of residual strain, i.e. the formation of microcracks due to temperature action controls the rate of stone degradation. For most sedimentary rocks no residual strain after heating was observed. In contrast to most magmatic and metamorphic low-porosity rocks, sedimentary rocks contain swelling minerals (like smectite and even phyllosilicates), which are very sensitive to hygric attacks. The cycles of wetting and drying, i.e. the natural environmental effects, may significantly control the deterioration velocity caused by hygric expansion. 相似文献
14.
剑川－老君山地区新生代岩浆岩尾轻稀土富集型，各岩类稀土元素标准化配分曲线显示相互平等的特点，稀土含量大致同步变化，表明它们是由地壳硅铝层物质重熔形成的同源岩浆结晶分异而成。岩浆在上侵之前曾发生过分异作用，轻重稀土发生了一定程度的分馏，并导致了铕的轻微亏损。各单元岩石具同源性，岩浆活动发生在板块会聚区造山晚期和造山后阶段。 相似文献
15.
V. S. Zubkov 《Geochemistry International》2009,47(8):741-757
Literature data suggest that concentrated naphthides (CN)—bitumen and oil—can occur in intrusive and volcanic rocks of various
silicity and alkalinity whose age ranges from the Proterozoic to Recent. The qualitative composition of heavy (high-molecular)
hydrocarbons (HHC) in CN is the same in various rocks: heavy alkanes, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH), oxygen-bearing
derivatives of hydrocarbons, etc. The presence of CN in rock-forming minerals in magmatic rocks and pegmatites confirms that
CN condensed during the epimagmatic stage, and the molecular mass of the CN, for example, in the Khibina alkaline massif decreased
with decreasing temperature simultaneously with the evolution of its mineral assemblages. The synthesis of CN continues during
the hydrothermal stage, but high-temperature associations of HHC gave way during this stage to low-temperature ones. During
all evolutionary stages of magmatic and related processes, the contents of CN are correlated with those of trace elements,
which likely occur as organoelement compounds (OEC). Hypotheses of endogenic and exogenic genesis of CN in magmatic rocks
are discussed. The endogenic hypotheses include HHC synthesis from inorganic gases and light hydrocarbons (HC) on catalytic
minerals. The fact that HHC and CN occur in mantle xenoliths and high-pressure minerals and the results of experimental and
thermodynamic modeling are discussed as supporting the hypothesis of the mantle genesis of CN in magmatic rocks. The metastable
ascent of gaseous HHC, the low oxygen fugacity, and the high alkalinity of the melts could be favorable for the partial preservation
of HHC in these rocks at crustal depth levels. Endogenic CN can serve as a nutrient medium for microorganisms in the upper
lithosphere. Exogenic hypotheses for the genesis of HHC in magmatic rocks assume that the melts should have assimilated sedimentary
rocks rich in organic matter and that biogenic oil could be transported from sedimentary reservoirs to magmatic rocks. An
important role in determining the genesis of CN in magmatic rocks is played by endogenic and biogenic markers. 相似文献
16.
众所周知,铁镁质类岩石—绿岩系、中基性岩浆岩等,是最重要的含金源岩;酸性岩(包括酸性岩浆岩和沉积—变质岩等)是最重要的含铀源岩。成矿元素的予富集作用是形成矿床的重要条件。予富集作用又可分为地层、岩体和蚀变予富集。利用金、铀的不同特征,对金的找矿评价具有一定作用。 相似文献
17.
山区岩石与水系沉积物,对山前平原土壤物质组成具有控制作用。土壤地球化学调查,查明北京某地区土壤存在着大面积同心圆状的镉、铜、铅等多金属元素异常。研究表明,西北侧山区分布着种类繁多的岩浆岩、变质与沉积岩,但与山前土壤具有高度正相关的元素组合特征的主要是燕山期中酸性岩浆杂岩体,而且杂岩体周边及其下游的BY沟水系沉积物中的多金属元素也呈现出明显的高背景含量特征。同时,铅同位素组成亦指示山前平原土壤铅与山区岩浆岩铅、沉积岩铅具有一致的物质来源,从而证实山前土壤多金属元素异常主要来源于山区岩浆杂岩体。由于山前平原土壤呈现为碱性且农田仅种植旱地作物,故富含多金属的土壤对农作物生长的生态风险程度低下。 相似文献
18.
鄂尔多斯盆地晚古生代沉积岩源区构造背景及物源分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
鄂尔多斯盆地周缘物源均来自上地壳,以长英质岩石为主,主要为太古宇、元古宇的各类变火山-沉积岩组成的古老变质岩系,同时具有一定量的花岗岩和碱性玄武岩的混合,但物源成分及南北源区构造背景有所差异。在常量元素及稀土元素组成上,盆地南北物源区的沉积岩在地区及层位之间存在差异,且该变化符合大洋岛弧→大陆岛弧→活动大陆边缘→被动大陆边缘常量元素、稀土元素以及负Eu异常的变化趋势。常量元素变化分析表明盆地北部物源主要来自板块俯冲碰撞地带,与被动大陆边缘环境和活动大陆边缘环境相关,少数为与活动大陆边缘相关的岛弧构造环境有关,到晚古生代中晚期才逐渐与被动大陆边缘环境和活动大陆边缘环境相关。稀土元素对比分析表明,盆地北部物源与太古宙、元古宙的花岗片麻岩、闪长片麻岩、二长花岗岩、变余岩屑砂岩及千枚岩具有亲源性;而盆地南部早—中二叠世长期受被动大陆边缘物源影响,具有高SiO2,低Na2O的特征,这与太古宙—元古宙的太华群、秦岭群、宽坪群等岩系的高SiO2含量,K2O/Na2O>1的特征一致,到晚古生代后期,逐渐与活动大陆边缘物源相关。北秦岭晚古生代山间盆地具有快速混杂堆积的沉积特点,属于盆地外缘,并与鄂尔多斯盆地呈连续过渡的状况,物源上具有继承关系;盆地晚古生代沉积岩中Gd含量及(Gd/Yb)N比值具有随时间迁移的特征,分析表明北部物源区在太原期处于构造快速活动期,而南部物源从山西期才开始进入快速活动期,这与区域构造演化背景一致,即北部物源区抬升要早于南部。 相似文献
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本文确认国外沉积岩中金矿床成因模式包括a.成矿物质来源：主要有同生喷气沉积作用,即海底热泉或海底热液环流作用,赋矿围岩沉积岩、沉积变质岩（主要为黑色板岩）;上-下地壳;岩浆热液。b.控矿条件：断裂控矿（主要为冲断层的上盘）;温-压条件,即变质作用退化阶段温-压梯度减小滞后情况下。c.矿质迁移沉淀：含矿流体多以氯和硫氢络合物形式搬运;成矿流体沉淀主要受控于温度、压力、pH、Eh、水/岩交换作用等。d.矿床形成的大地构造环境主要为：早古生代、晚中生代被动大陆边缘的大陆架和浅海域;聚敛性板块边缘部位;大陆拉张构造或裂谷体系。 相似文献
20.
The origin of granite-gneiss domes is traditionally attributed to gravity tectonics, the ascent of granite-gneiss diapirs in a gravitational field owing to a relative decrease in the density of granitized rocks compared with their protolith. This is usually considered by the example of a two-layer medium with a lower layer of granitized rocks overlain by a denser protolith layer; the development of gravitational instability in the system results in the ascent of a granite-gneiss diapir. However, the diapiric process can be initiated only if Archimedes?? buoyancy forces at the roof of the granite-gneiss layer will overcome the resistance of the protolith rocks related to their long-term strength. Under the conditions of plastic deformations, this requires the existence of a large-scale irregularity in the relief of the layer boundary, namely, an antiform cusp in the roof of the granite-gneiss layer. The model is based on the assumption that such antiforms appear owing to the reactive infiltration instability of the morphology of the granitization front caused by an increase in the fluid permeability of granitized rocks compared with that of the protolith. The results of computer modeling support the geological feasibility of the reactive infiltration mechanism of the generation and development of the protodiapiric forms of the granitization front triggering the development of the diapiric process of the gravitational upwelling of granite-gneiss domes. The model of a protodiapir stage allows us to consider dome formation as a result of the development of two sequential instabilities: the reactive infiltration instability of the granitization front related to an increase in the permeability of the transformed rock followed by the gravitational instability related to a relative decrease in rock density. 相似文献