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采用中小地震的数字观测资料，依据地震观测谱和震源谱、传播路径衰减因子及场地效应的关系式，在对场地效应约束的条件下，反演S波非弹性衰减和软基岩场地效应，确定研究区路径、 场地参数. 该方法确定的参数， 避免了台站地形效应的影响，真实地反映了研究区自由软基岩场地的地震效应和传播路径非弹性衰减的影响. 研究区的平均软基岩场地效应， 在2~4 Hz频率范围为1.5倍左右; S波品质因子为QS=278 f 0.346.这些参数可以直接用于研究区的地面运动随机模拟. 相似文献
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用随机模拟方法研究设定地震的地面运动参数 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文从强地面运动随机模拟方法应用出发,提出了一种用中小地震的数字观测资料确定研究区路径、场地参数的方法。采用该方法,分离软基岩场地联合效应和非弹性衰减的影响,并把二者分别确定出来。这些参数可以直接用于研究区软基岩场地的地面运动随机模拟。 相似文献
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从强地面运动随机模拟方法应用出发，针对我国很多地区浅地壳S波速度结构研究程度较低，场地放大和衰减联合效应（简称场地联合效应）估计困难的现状，提出一种用中小地震的数字观测资料确定软基岩场地联合效应的方法. 并采用该方法，结合研究区实际算例，确定出研究区软基岩场地的联合效应. 相似文献
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地震工程界对随机地震动已进行了40多年的研究，提出了多种较好的随机过程模型，其中最具代表性的是日本学者金井清(Kanai)(1961)提出的过滤白噪声模型．进一步，欧进萍等(1991)在评述既往随机模型基础上，提出了地震地面运动的过滤有色噪声模型．然而，这些模型都存在一个最大的问题，就是不能合理确定模型中反映地震强度的参数————谱强度因子S0.
随机地震动研究的基础是强震记录，基于地面强震记录，人们对地震地面运动随机模型进行了大量的研究，其中对基岩地震动的模拟还有很多需要解决的问题．本文在基岩强震记录统计基础上，研究基岩地震动的随机模型和模型参数，为建立工程抗震的合理地震动模型奠定基础． 相似文献
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厚盖层场地的联合效应和强地面运动随机模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对于既缺少深钻孔资料,又缺少数字地震记录资料的厚盖层场地,其场地放大和衰减联合效应(简称“场地联合效应”)用常规方法估计困难。本文依据强地面运动随机模拟方法的预测方程,用近场中小地震的加速度记录,估计新疆伽师厚盖层场地的放大因子和高频滤波因子之积——场地联合效应,非线性矫正结果显示,场地的联合效应因子在O．5—10Hz大于2,在1—4Hz达到4。依此联合效应因子对研究区的强地面运动进行了随机模拟,预测结果与实际记录吻合较好。 相似文献
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场地放大效应的估计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本利用唐山地区9个台站得到的13次近场地震记录分析了场地放大效应，其中一些站位于废弃的地下煤矿坑道内，最深的一个台站在地下822m处，首先检验确定了地面反射波对地下场地的入射波没有很大影响，在后利用地下基岩场地台站（－822m)作参考场地，用线性反演法来同时分离震源，传播途径和局部场地效应，结果发现：在1至10Hz的频段上S波品质因子Qs基本上与频率成正比；与以地面基岩场地作参考场地所得的结果相比较，地面基岩场地的反应并不是一常数，它在大于6Hz的高频段上有明显的放大作用，在本的研究事件中，在6至10Hz的频段上这个放大纱数约为2至4。这表明由于地面基岩场地本身的放大作用，将导致在作场地震动预测时会低估地震作用，最后采用一种新的非参考场地法，即遗传算法，用w^2震源模型来估计绝对场地效应。在本的研究结果中，对大多数台站场地来说，所得的绝对场地应应与以地下基岩台站作参考场地所得的相对场地效应十分一致。这表明这作场地震动分析时，当仔细考虑了反射波对入射波的影响后，地下或井下基岩场地是比地面基岩场地更合适的参考场地。 相似文献
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1999年台湾集集大地震强地面运动的模拟 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
利用有限断层模型对1999年台湾集集大地震所产生的近场强地面运动进行了数值模拟,尝试了将具有明确物理意义的震源动力模型的研究结果应用于描述震源过程。计算结果显示,基岩台或接近工程基岩台的计算模拟记录同观测记录符合得很好。进一步研究表明,当综合考虑场地效应对地震动影响时,模拟计算结果得到了明显的改善,同实际观测记录更为相符。本文的研究结果说明,为了科学合理地预测大地震所产生的强地面运动,应综合考虑影响地震所产生的地面运动的"三要素",即:震源过程、传播路径及场地效应。 相似文献
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新疆乌恰2次5.1级地震加速度记录特征对比分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分析新疆乌恰两次5.1级地震4个强震台的强震动记录,第1次地震4个台记录卓越频率在4.25 Hz-13.59 Hz;第2次地震4个台记录卓越频率为2.45 Hz-3.61 Hz.从谱比曲线可以看出,2次地震在同一观测场地的场地效应基本相似,基岩台场地效应在高频部分有明显放大作用,土层场地在高频部分有明显的减小作用. 相似文献
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In this paper,according to the relationship of observation spectrum with source spectrum,travel-path attenuationfactor and site effect,we use the digital seismic data of moderate-small earthquakes to invert the soft rock site ef-fect and S wave inelastic attenuation under the constraint of site effect,and determine the parameters of path andsite.The parameters obtained by this method exclude the topographic effect of seismic stations,and truly reflectthe seismic effect of free soft rock sites and the S wave inelastic attenuation in the studied region.The average softrock site effect is about 1.5 times in the frequency domain of 2～4 Hz and the S wave quality factor is obtained asQS=278 f0.346,which can be directly applied to the stochastic modeling of ground motions in the studied region. 相似文献
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在数字观测资料基础上发展起来的地震动随机模拟方法,能较客观地把研究区的震源特性、传播路径影响和场地响应考虑进来,适用于缺乏强震记录的国家和地区。但在实际应用中,有不少关键问题尚未解决,其中,软基岩的场地响应是地震学家一直想解决但始终没有很好解决的问题;另外,厚覆盖土层的场地响应是工程上很关心的问题,由于资料和方法限制,研究工作做的很少;而强震的震源谱对地震动随机模拟结果影响显著,一直都是随机模拟方法的研究焦点。总之,这两个方面的3个问题都是地震动随机模拟方法应用中的“关键问题”,本文在大量的研究工作基础上,对这些关键问题提出一些探讨性的解决途径和方法。 相似文献
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本文基于小波包技术的随机地震动模拟方法,提出一种改进的参数化随机近断层脉冲型地震动模拟方法。然后,通过识别和提取近断层脉冲型地震动数据库中脉冲型地震动的特征参数,建立了基于震源、传播路径和场地特征等参数的脉冲模型参数预测方程。最后,通过模拟实际记录和误差分析检验了改进的模拟方法的有效性。结果表明:应用改进的模拟方法得到的地震动时程无论在波形、频率特性还是峰值上均与实际记录具有较好的一致性。改进的模拟方法在保留地震动时频非平稳性的基础上,能够有效地提高近断层脉冲型地震动的模拟效果,并且能够很好地体现脉冲型地震动的主要特征。 相似文献
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As a deterministic numerical approach for simulation of earthquake ground motions, the spectral element method (SEM) is applied to generate a broadband acceleration array for dam-canyons instead of the traditional empirical or stochastic methods. Specifically, the SEM analysis model with an extra fine mesh is used for the Pacoima Canyon to simulate the entire path starting from earthquake source rupture via the propagation medium to the local site. The source and the 3D earth model (velocity structure) are validated through the modeling of the Newhall earthquake on 28 October 2012 at a frequency of up to 8 Hz. Subsequently, the San Fernando earthquake records on 13 January 2001 are further used to study the effects of propagation path in simulation. Finally, the spatially varying ground motions at the Pacoima Canyon are obtained for different source mechanisms. The results show that the source mechanism and the local site topography significantly affect the distribution of the peak accelerations along the canyon. 相似文献
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基于地震动的时空衰减规律和传播特征,采用邻近地震监测台站地震动时程对1 km×1 km尺度的网格点进行近实时插值计算,同时结合场地效应对震区地震动参数进行修正,并以2014年2月12日新疆于田MS7.3地震为例,计算震区格网内各点的地震时程,同时以8 s为时间间隔绘制出地震动峰值等值线图并将其连续播放,得到了于田MS7.3地震峰值地震动(PGV,PGA)的空间分布.结果表明,于田县东部至民丰县北部地区受场地条件影响,震区震害在软弱地基土层及浅地下水位等因素作用下对震区地震动具有明显的放大效应,预测的地震动特征与现场宏观调查结果是一致的.在当前强震台网分布不均匀的情形下,本文方法能较好地描述震区地震动特征,较客观地反映灾区的强地面运动特征. 相似文献
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Our previous studies show that site effects (amplification of rock motions), source and path effects are coupled when response spectra are used to characterize the amplification ratios for a soil site modelled as nonlinear or elastic. The coupling is referred to as a “side effect” of using response spectral amplification ratios. In the present study we use a suite of rock site records, well distributed with respect to magnitude and source distance, from crustal, subduction interface and slab earthquakes to evaluate the response spectral amplification ratio for soft soil sites. We compare these side-effects for ground motions generated by three types of earthquakes, and we find that, at periods much shorter or much longer than the natural period of a soil site modelled as elastic, the average amplification ratios with respect to rock site ground motions from three types of earthquakes are moderately different and are very similar for other spectral periods. These differences are not statistically significant because of the moderately large scatter of the amplification ratios. However, the extent of magnitude- and source-distance-dependence of amplification ratios differs significantly. After the effects of magnitude and source distance on the amplification ratios are accounted for, the differences in amplification ratios between crustal and subduction earthquake records are very large in some particular combinations of source distance and magnitude range. These findings may have potential impact in establishing design spectra for soft soil sites using strong motion attenuation models or numerical modelling. 相似文献
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本文研究了建立设计地震震源模型和用理论地震学方法预测基岩场地震震加速度的技术途径，预测了四相设计地震事件在秦山核电站厂址的加速度时程和反应谱，文中根据对地质和历史地震资料的研究，确定不同性质的设计地震事件，建立设计地震震源和工作区介质的确定性模型，针对未来地震的不可完全预见性，以及对地球介质和震源性质现有认识的局限性，文中发展了确定性和随机性组合的综合分析方法，在用确定的介质模型和设计震源计算地震 相似文献
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The seismological model was developed initially from the fundamental relationship between earthquake ground motion properties and the seismic moment generated at the source of the earthquake. Following two decades of continuous seismological research in the United States, seismological models which realistically account for both the source and path effects on the seismic shear waves have been developed and their accuracy rigorously verified (particularly in the long and medium period ranges). An important finding from the seismological research by Atkinson and Boore and their co‐investigators is the similarity of the average frequency characteristics of seismic waves generated at the source between the seemingly very different seismic environments of Eastern and Western North America (ENA and WNA, respectively). A generic definition of the average source properties of earthquakes has therefore been postulated, referred to herein as the generic source model. Further, the generic ‘hard rock’ crustal model which is characteristic of ENA and the generic ‘rock’ crustal model characteristic of WNA have been developed to combine with the generic source model, hence enabling simulations to be made of the important path‐related modifications to ground motions arising from different types of crustal rock materials. It has been found that the anelastic contribution to whole path attenuation is consistent between the ENA and WNA models, for earthquake ground motions (response spectral velocities and displacements) in the near and medium fields, indicating that differences in the ENA and WNA motions arise principally from the other forms of path‐related modifications, namely the mid‐crust amplification and the combined effect of the upper‐crust amplification and attenuation, both of which are significant only for the generic WNA ‘rock’ earthquake ground motions. This paper aims to demonstrate the effective utilization of the latest seismological model, comprising the generic source and crustal models, to develop a response spectral attenuation model for direct engineering applications. The developed attenuation model also comprises a source factor and several crustal (wave‐path modification) component factors, and thus has also been termed herein the component attenuation model (CAM). Generic attenuation relationships in CAM, which embrace both ENA and WNA conditions, have been developed using stochastic simulations. The crustal classification of a region outside North America can be based upon regional seismological and geological information. CAM is particularly useful for areas where local strong motion data are lacking for satisfactory empirical modelling. In the companion paper entitled ‘response spectrum modelling for rock sites in low and moderate seismicity regions combining velocity, displacement and acceleration predictions’, the CAM procedure has been incorporated into a response spectrum model which can be used to effectively define the seismic hazard of bedrock sites in low and moderate seismicity regions. This paper and the companion paper constitute the basis of a long‐term objective of the authors, to develop and effectively utilize the seismological model for engineering applications worldwide. 相似文献