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从开展河南农业高效利用研究的必要性及更合理利用气候资源的角度出发,提出间作套种的三熟制高效农业资源利用模式。对三熟制与二熟制的气候资源利用、组分产量和产量结构进行对比,分析经济效益和生态效益。结果表明,三熟制种植模式明显优于传统的二熟制种植方式,是符合当前河南省农业向高效优质可持续发展的必然趋势。 相似文献
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基于GIS的马铃薯种植气候区划及风险区划的研究 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
利用地理信息技术及气候资源信息，对内蒙古乌盟地区的主要农作物马铃薯做了多项自然资源空间统计分析，并选定了该地区马铃薯种植的气候区划指标和风险指标。这些指标涉及到马铃薯的种植失败风险和减产风险。利用小网格资源推算法，实现了基本气候资源分布的细化。同时借助于CITYSTAR GIS的二次开发功能，用Visual C^ 编制模型，进行马铃薯气候资源区划和种植风险程度区划的地理制作。研究结果可供农业种植规划部门及农业保险部门使用。 相似文献
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涝渍地高效种养模式是针对江汉平原四湖地区特定温地而开发的,现已成为当地农业生产的一个重要组成部分,其内在气象经济效应明显。该文对其气象经济效益作了初步分析,其结果可为今后在这一地区发展高产优质高效农业并利用和挖掘气候资源提供科学依据。 相似文献
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安康市农作物种植最佳结构模型研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文应用数理统计方法研究了历年农作物产量与气象条件的关系。采用逐步回归技术确定影响各种农作物产量的主要气象因子。研究了农作物种植对气候资源的适应性,建立了农作物种植最佳结构模型。为安康市农业宏观决策提供了科学依据。 相似文献
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在分析１９９８年洪涝灾害及损失特点的基础上,针对洪灾发生的原因,提出了沿江滨湖地区实施避洪农业的建议,以及进洪农业６种类型的模式：一是三熟制改二熟制;二是推广特早熟早稻品种;三是开发速生蔬菜;四是试验示范耐淹稻;五是大力发展畜牧业;六是退田养鱼或发展高效水生作物。 相似文献
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基于Citystar地理信息系统的气候资源信息服务系统,是气候资源统计推算和数值模拟结果的显示、查询及服务的平台.利用该系统可查询任一网格点的气候要素值,检索作物气象指标、地理信息及农业统计信息等,快速制作作物种植区划.该系统已用于北京郊区结构调整和农业新功能的开发工作中,为各级领导、农业生产主管部门制定农业结构调整及旅游资源、气候资源开发利用等规划决策提供科学的参考依据. 相似文献
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顺德县位于北回归线以南的珠江三角洲平原,土地肥沃,光照充足,气候温暖,雨量充沛,农业生产以粮食、蔗糖、蚕桑、塘鱼为主。1974年,麦稻稻三熟制已发展到5万亩,约占粮食作物面积的35％,年平均亩产1,500多斤,并开始少量试种三季稻。由于受自然灾害影响,水稻产量不够稳定,小麦产量不高不稳。因此,加强调查研究,分析气候变化规律充分利用有利的气候资源,避过不利气候条件的影响,进行耕作制度的改革,是发展农业生产的一项重要措施。 相似文献
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<正>1引言气候资源正日益被重视和利用。充分利用气候资源发展农牧业,将会产生难以估量的经济效益和社会效益。气象条件对农作物的生长发育和产量、质量的形成都会产生影响。文章从肇州县气候资源对农业的有利和不利因素,谈今后农牧发展的方向。 相似文献
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在对国际先进的水稻生长模型ORYZA2000进行模型调试、验证, 实现本地化的基础上, 以双季稻发育速率参数为主, 结合地形、气候、水稻熟性分布和当地生产实际, 将江南双季稻区按发育参数划分为7个区域, 实现了ORYZA2000模式在我国江南双季稻地区的区域应用。利用该模型进行了不同年份气象条件影响定量评估的应用试验, 评价结果与实际符合, 定量客观。探讨了利用机理性作物生长模式动态预测产量的方法。通过建立不同发育期的水稻模拟生物量与相对气象产量的相关统计模型, 结合趋势产量预测, 实现了地区级双季稻不同发育期的产量动态预测。外推检验结果表明, 各地早晚稻不同发育期的产量动态预测模型平均误差为4.8%~6.1%, 可初步用于业务。 相似文献
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玉林市水田改制一年三熟与气象条件关系非常密切, 经分析,在玉林市推广三熟制既有许多气候优势,也有一些气象灾害, 根据新三熟制的试种实况、存在的问题, 提出了相应的对策。 相似文献
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IMPACTS OF CLIMATE CHANGE ON CROPPING SYSTEM AND ITS IMPLICATION FOR AGRICULTURE IN CHINA 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Wang Futang 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1997,11(4):407-415
Based on the analyses on amplitudes of historical variation of temperature and precipitation inthe past 500 years and latest 100 years,according to the regional climate change scenarios forChina estimated by composite GCM,the potential impacts of climate change on cropping systemsin China in future are simulated and assessed using the cropping system model developmentspecially for the Chinese cropping patterns.It is shown that under the projected future climatechange by 2050 the most parts of the present double cropping area would be replaced by thedifferent triple cropping patterns while the current double cropping area would shift towards thecentral part of the present single cropping area.More explicitly,the northern boundary of triplecropping area would shift from its current border at the Changjing River to the Huanghe River,ashift of more than 5 degrees of latitude.And the shift of multiple cropping areas leads to asignificant decrease of single cropping area.Furthermore,considering the changes mentioned above in combination with the likely negativebalance of precipitation and evapotranspiration and,therefore,increase of moisture stress(i.e.less water availability),as well as the possible increase of heat stress disaster and decrease of LGS(length of growing season),the potential implication of climate change for agriculture in China arealso analyzed roughly in this paper.As a result,however,it is still very difficult to reach a specific conclusion that the futureclimate change will he favorable or unfavorable to farm in China because of the complicated Chinesefarming patterns,the complex-various social and economic environment of agriculturaldevelopment and,especially,a great scientific uncertainties in the investigation/prediction ofclimate change. 相似文献
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A new prediction model for grain yield in Northeast China based on spring North Atlantic Oscillation and late-winter Bering Sea ice cover 
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下载免费PDF全文 Accurate estimations of grain output in the agriculturally important region of Northeast China are of great strategic significance for guaranteeing food security. New prediction models for maize and rice yields are built in this paper based on the spring North Atlantic Oscillation index and the Bering Sea ice cover index. The year-to-year increment is first forecasted and then the original yield value is obtained by adding the historical yield of the previous year. The multivariate linear prediction model of maize shows good predictive ability, with a low normalized root-mean-square error (NRMSE) of 13.9%, and the simulated yield accounts for 81% of the total variance of the observation. To improve the performance of the multivariate linear model, a combined forecasting model of rice is built by considering the weight of the predictors. The NRMSE of the model is 12.9% and the predicted rice yield explains 71% of the total variance. The corresponding cross-validation test and independent samples test further demonstrate the efficiency of the models. It is inferred that the statistical models established here by applying year-to-year increment approach could make rational prediction for the maize and rice yield in Northeast China before harvest. The present study may shed new light on yield prediction in advance by use of antecedent large-scale climate signals adequately. 相似文献
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Simulating the Impacts of Global Warming on Wheat in China Using a Large Area Crop Model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 LI Sanai Tim Wheeler Andrew Challinor LIN Er XU Yinlong JU Hui 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》2010,24(1):123-135
Temperature is one of the most prominent environmental factors that determine plant growth,development, and yield.Cool and moist conditions are most favorable for wheat.Wheat is likely to be highly vulnerable to further warming because currently the temperature is already close to or above optimum.In this study,the impacts of warming and extreme high temperature stress on wheat yield over China were investigated by using the general large area model(GLAM) for annual crops.The results showed that each 1℃r... 相似文献
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基于气候适宜指数的江西晚稻产量动态预报模型构建及应用 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
本文利用1981—2014年江西91个气象观测站的地面气象观测资料和同期的分县晚稻产量资料,结合江西地区气候特点及晚稻生理特性,构建适用于江西地区晚稻降水、温度、日照及综合适宜度模型,并根据适宜度与产量的相关关系,确定气候适宜指数,建立基于气候适宜指数的江西晚稻产量动态预报模型,并对模型进行了回代检验及预报检验,从而实现对江西地区晚稻气候适宜度诊断及晚稻产量动态预报的目的。结果表明:模型的回代检验、产量丰歉趋势、产量动态预报检验的准确率均较高,能够满足业务的需要。 相似文献
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为及时、准确地进行玉米产量预报,为吉林省玉米产量预报业务提供参考依据,为政府调控提供科技支撑,利用吉林省19802016年春玉米产量和50个气象站逐日气温、降水量、日照时数等资料,基于相似距离和相关系数构建综合诊断指标筛选气温、降水量、日照时数等各类气象要素历史相似年,根据各类气象要素历史相似年与预报年的玉米产量丰歉气象影响指数之间的关系,建立吉林省春玉米产量动态预报模型。同时,对历史相似年的筛选方法进行改进,利用欧氏距离直接筛选综合气候历史相似年,根据气候历史相似年与预报年的玉米产量丰歉气象影响指数之间的关系,构建春玉米产量预报模型。对比改进前、后的产量预报模型的预报,结果表明:两种方法在吉林省玉米单产预报中,预报准确率均较高,普遍在85%以上。产量预报模型对20022013年的预报检验结果表明,改进方法后20022013年单产预报平均准确率提高了3.9个百分点,均方根误差降低了4个百分点,标准差降低了2。对20142016年的预报检验结果表明,改进方法的玉米产量预报结果优于传统方法的预报结果。改进方法比传统方法准确率更高,稳定性更强,应用价值更高。 相似文献
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Fabio R. Marin James W. Jones Abraham Singels Frederick Royce Eduardo D. Assad Giampaolo Q. Pellegrino Flávio Justino 《Climatic change》2013,117(1-2):227-239
This study evaluated the effects of climate change on sugarcane yield, water use efficiency, and irrigation needs in southern Brazil, based on downscaled outputs of two general circulation models (PRECIS and CSIRO) and a sugarcane growth model. For three harvest cycles every year, the DSSAT/CANEGRO model was used to simulate the baseline and four future climate scenarios for stalk yield for the 2050s. The model was calibrated for the main cultivar currently grown in Brazil based on five field experiments under several soil and climate conditions. The sensitivity of simulated stalk fresh mass (SFM) to air temperature, CO2 concentration [CO2] and rainfall was also analyzed. Simulated SFM responses to [CO2], air temperature and rainfall variations were consistent with the literature. There were increases in simulated SFM and water usage efficiency (WUE) for all scenarios. On average, for the current sugarcane area in the State of São Paulo, SFM would increase 24 % and WUE 34 % for rainfed sugarcane. The WUE rise is relevant because of the current concern about water supply in southern Brazil. Considering the current technological improvement rate, projected yields for 2050 ranged from 96 to 129 t?ha?1, which are respectively 15 and 59 % higher than the current state average yield. 相似文献