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1.
喀斯特地区流域岩性差异与洪、枯水特征值相关分析——以贵州河流为例 总被引：24，自引：5，他引：19
影响流域洪、枯水径流模数、变差系数的因素很多,如气候,岩性、土壤、地貌等许多自然条件。本文通过聚类分析把各流域按岩性差异进行分类,研究不同岩性的流域与洪、枯水径流特征值之间的相关关系,从而揭示岩性差异对流域水文要素的影响。 相似文献
2.
喀斯特流域空间尺度对洪、枯水水文特征值影响初探——以贵州河流为例 总被引：6，自引：6，他引：0
本文根据贵州省境内７０多个水文测站多年观测资料,研究对比了喀斯特流域和非喀斯特流域因流域空间尺度差异引起的洪、枯水流量特征值的变化,并指出喀斯特流域结构产生的特殊水文效应将随着流域面积的增大而逐渐减弱 相似文献
3.
基于GIS和RS的喀斯特流域枯水资源影响因素识别――以贵州省为例 总被引：16，自引：4，他引：12
喀斯特流域是由独特的地貌、水系结构及水文动态过程组成的地域综合体。因此,影响喀斯特流域枯水资源的因素复杂多样,除气候等条件外,流域的植被类型、土地利用类型、岩组类型、地貌类型等也是影响喀斯特流域枯水资源的重要因素。本文选取了19个典型喀斯特流域为研究对象,以1991至1995年水文数据和遥感数据为基础,通过实地调查,制定基于GIS和RS为基础的喀斯特流域枯水资源影响因素信息提取方法,提取各个喀斯特流域单元中枯水水资源影响因素,通过关联度分析,得出不同的自然因素对枯水资源的贡献率,即岩组类型因素> 土地利用类型因素> 地貌类型因素> 植被类型因素。在各自然因素中,白云岩、半喀斯特低中山、草地与枯水资源的关系最为密切。 相似文献
4.
文章采用基于遗传算法的经典退水曲线对西江上游主要站点枯季日平均流量进行研究,所率定的退水系数经验证精度较好,能够反映所在流域的径流特性。通过退水系数与流域面积、下垫面性质、植被覆盖度、多年平均径流深等流域特征关系的分析,发现退水系数值(1)对降雨和蒸散发的变化不敏感,整体上随流域面积和植被覆盖度的增加而减小;(2)随地形高差和下垫面透水性的下降而减小;(3)对喀斯特岩溶地貌尤其敏感,表现为退水系数值较非岩溶地区偏大;(4)随多年平均径流深的增大而增大,二者具有指数函数关系。退水系数与流域特征因子的这些规律,可为无资料流域水文预报提供思考和借鉴。 相似文献
5.
在详细调查基础上,采用系统科学及水文地质分析方法,依据地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造、示踪试验、地下水排泄基准面、喀斯特发育条件及发育规律等剖析论证流域边界,并通过钻探及示踪试验进行验证。研究结果:（1）对泸西喀斯特断陷盆地南东部的水系统边界向北移进行了修正,证实了三塘一带深部不发育的喀斯特是地下水分水岭边界,使得泸西喀斯特断陷盆地流域的径流系统和边界圈化更加准确;（2）泸西喀斯特断陷盆地流域地表水、地下水转化频繁,地表水径流特征主要以小江河在水库、河流、伏流间的径流转化过程为体现,地下水在侵溶山区接受大气降水补给后,上层径流以泉、暗河的形式在泸西盆地底面排泄后转化成地表水,最终汇集于盆地南部、通过工农隧洞及落水洞排向小江,而下层径流则以小江水面为基准,通过深层径流排泄。 相似文献
6.
喀斯特流域枯水径流频率分析——以贵州省河流为例 总被引：7，自引：2，他引：5
以贵州省各水文站控制断面为例,选择了18 个流域进行枯水频率分析。在综述国内外枯水频率研究的基础上,选择了对数正态分布、P-Ⅲ型分布、对数P-Ⅲ型分布及耿贝尔曲线四种理论分布的线型,来分析在喀斯特流域进行枯水径流频率计算时所适用的理论频率曲线,以及不同的地貌类型对所选择的曲线线型是否产生影响。研究表明,地貌类型对枯水频率曲线的线型影响不大,采用对数正态分布计算,其所造成的误差最小,其它三种方法误差则较大。 相似文献
7.
江西锦江流域岩溶发育特征 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文把完整流域内各地层时代可溶岩作为整体研究对象,除对喀斯特发育地层、岩性、群体景观、个体形态作简要介绍外,重点对岩溶类型、分区及各区各种特征值进行统计分析,并用(定量)数据表征流域整体及纵向、横向、垂向(三度空间)喀斯特发育特征。 相似文献
8.
基于GIS 分析喀斯特流域下垫面因素对枯季径流的影响——以贵州省河流为例 总被引：7，自引：3，他引：4
本文采用GIS 作为空间分析的工具, 分析了喀斯特流域地貌类型等下垫面因素对枯季径流的影响, 并从流域结构的角度, 选择了空间尺度、岩性、地貌类型、森林植被等自然因素作为参数, 借助于SPSS 软件, 运用多元统计学的方法, 建立了多元回归方程数学模型, 对喀斯特流域枯季最小日流量进行预测。 相似文献
9.
根据枯水径流在流量过程曲线上的定义,绘制枯水径流流量过程曲线(Low Flow Duration Curve,LFDC),分析1973～2004年间东北地区育林沟流域夏季桔水径流对造林引起覆被变化的响应规律.结果表明,1983～2004年相对于1973～1982年,流域森林覆被增加了l5%,多年平均夏季枯水径流相对增加11.84%,各年夏季枯水径流增加值却随着森林覆被的增加整体呈现递减的趋势.其中,流域覆被的增加对LFDC曲线上0～50%频率的夏季枯水径流增加尤为显著.LFDC曲线能够更好地体现超过某一频率的枯水径流对覆被变化的响应规律,对于枯水季节水文水资源的利用管理具有重要的参考价值. 相似文献
10.
针对喀斯特流域地形、地貌对枯季径流的调蓄作用,选用乌江流域思南站以上19个水文站点枯季流量资料进行枯季径流衰减规律分析。根据枯季径流衰减曲线的拟合将枯季径流分为快速裂隙流和慢速裂隙流两段退水过程,并计算相应的衰减系数。通过对衰减系数与流域地表形态特征的单因素和多因素回归分析,确定影响衰减系数的主要影响因子为高程特征值和地形指数特征值,并建立两者与衰减系数的二元非线性回归方程(a1=0.781-0.266?ln(x)+0.633?ln(y),a2=0.061-0.016?ln(x)+0.044?ln(y)),其置信区间都大于99%,说明曲线整体拟合显著,为枯期径流衰减系数区域化分析及无/缺资料流域的水文模拟提供基础。 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
15.
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
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正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
18.
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献