共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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Einfach sprachlos but not simply speechless: language(s), thought and practice in the social sciences 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
Based on the authors' experiences as German-language speakers working at different stages of their careers within Anglo-American human geography, this article reflects on the workings of (foreign) language, not only through academic publications but more widely in research contexts and everyday work. This is done by three personal observations, highlighting the relevance of (foreign) language interactions in terms of research practice as well as the poetics and politics of language. We argue that a wider recognition of language in the practical terms of academic work is called for in the light of an increasing 'internationalization' of academia. 相似文献
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Elizabeth E Watson 《Area》2004,36(1):59-68
This paper discusses aspects of the theory and practice of foreign language learning for fieldwork in geography, a rarely discussed set of issues despite the personal investment that language learning requires from the researcher. In some cases of cross-cultural research, it may be particularly desirable to learn a vernacular language for which there are few (or no) study aids. However, there is little guidance about how learning such a language should be approached, or discussion of its significance for the subsequent research. Through a discussion of personal experience in Ethiopia, the paper describes one way of learning a vernacular language, and explores the advantages that this brought to the fieldwork and to the resulting research understandings. 相似文献
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历史文献中气候信息的评价 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
本文对我国史料中所载气候信息进行了评价。结论是:①对于史料所载的某一气候事件,我们将其状态分辨取越细,所获取的信息越少;②在分析过程中,对误差要求低些,所获取的信息反而高些;③就已记录的气候事件而言,官方组织的记载所提供的气候信息最多,私人笔札次之,方志类书最次。 相似文献
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Abstract The study of query languages for spatial databases is an active research area. This paper describes a new spatial query language that uses a visual grammar to express topological relationships. It is supplemented by text and icons to handle other spatial and non-spatial queries. A graphical user interface is also developed to provide an interactive environment for composing the iconic query command. To test the language, the interface is implemented on a SUN 4 Workstation and linked to Ingres, a relational DBMS. Preliminary tests show that the iconic query language is more convenient for expressing spatial concepts than conventional textual languages. This is due mainly to the two-dimensionality of iconic languages in contrast with the linear nature of conventional languages. 相似文献
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地图符号的语言学机制及其应用研究 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
分析并总结地图语言学在GIS技术影响下的发展、变化;通过分析当今地图语言的新特点,阐述地图符号的定义;从语言学角度分析地图符号的语言学机制并提出地图符号的语义概念模型。最后简述该模型在地图符号软件中的应用。 相似文献
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GIS作为新一代地理学语言的特征 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
地理学语言是人类理解、研究、表达与传播地理信息的重要工具, 它随着人类科学技术的进步与认识水平的提高而不断演进。本文根据地理学语言在结构、功能及其特征方面所发生的变化, 结合地理信息本体论、认知论和语言学理论, 总结了GIS 语言的定义与基本属性, 阐述了GIS作为新一代地理学语言的本质特征、结构、功能以及内容体系, 明确了其在地理学研究中的地位与作用。GIS语言实现了地理对象的语义定义、特征抽象、行为表达和时空运算处理过程的高度统一, 是地理学语言的高级形态;通过分析GIS 语言所具有的抽象性、系统性、严密性、确切性、层次性等基本特征。认为GIS语言的概念与体系结构的形成, 将推动地理学及地理信息科学的发展。文中从数字技术的影响、学科范式的转变、发展导向和地理表达能力四个方面对GIS语言的研究作了展望。 相似文献
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A consistent finding in the literature on Indigenous peoples is the importance of the sustainability of land, language and culture. All three are related, with the maintenance of one helping to protect the others. This paper uses a nationally representative, cross-sectional survey of the Indigenous Australian population to look at the factors associated with individual measures of sustainability. Geography matters for those in remote areas who are much more likely to have participated in hunting, fishing and gathering than those in non-remote areas and somewhat more likely to be learning an Indigenous language. However, those in remote areas are somewhat less likely to have participated in Indigenous cultural production. Participation in the mainstream economy is not necessarily a barrier to these aspects of wellbeing as those with high levels of formal education were more likely to speak, understand or be learning an Indigenous language. While important in their own right, such aspects of sustainability also have the potential to directly contribute to narrower measures of social and emotional wellbeing. A positive relationship was found between the sustainability of Indigenous land, language and culture and an Indigenous person's subjective emotional wellbeing. 相似文献
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The aim of this paper is to present a preliminary analysis of unitary authority level data from the 2001 census of population on the spatial (and, where available, temporal) patterns in proportions of Welsh speakers in Wales. In so doing we draw attention to the advantages (and limitations) of the census as a source of information on the state of the Welsh language. Although a 2 per cent increase in the percentage of Welsh speakers between 1991 and 2001 has been welcomed, several commentators have drawn attention to the change in the nature of the question asked at the 2001 census which may account for some of this increase. In this paper, we assess what is, and is not, possible to discern from the census, draw attention to other potential sources of information on the language and make some preliminary recommendations for those agencies concerned with monitoring trends in the future, both with regard to the need for more detailed language use surveys and the nature of the question included in subsequent censuses that would permit a more useful comparison of spatial and temporal trends. 相似文献
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CHRIS WEBSTER 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(3):241-259
The application of applied artificial intelligence techniques to geographical data processing has attracted considerable interest in recent years as reflected in the research agendas of major GIS research institutions. This paper illustrates how a simple spatial problem, formalised using predicate calculus, may be readily implemented as a rule base in which the production rules represent Horn clauses. The theoretical significance of this exercise is the search for a high-level mathematical language capable of expressing, in a generic and implementation-independent syntax, the spatial relationships and queries typically handled by a GIS. Of more practical interest is the example it provides of mapping a conventional algorithm into a production rule knowledge structure. 相似文献
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This paper describes analyses involving patterned string bags collected in the upper Sepik in Papua New Guinea. The Mantel test and correspondence analysis were used to explore whether variability in craft repertoires exhibits any covariance with the region's complex linguistic picture, and if so, whether this relationship is more significant than any spatial autocorrelation the data may exhibit. Bag construction techniques exhibited strong spatial autocorrelation, while for colour patterns the effect was weaker. An effect for language remained for both dependents after statistical control, but colour pattern characteristics had a slightly stronger association with language overall. The weaker spatial autocorrelation for colour pattern variability is argued to be due to higher rates of dissemination facilitated by the visibility of the patterns and their compatibility with a broad range of construction techniques. The effect for language, on the other hand, is argued to have resulted from of a higher rate of inter-settlement migration along a particular stretch of the Sepik where people speak the same language. 相似文献
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一种针对海洋GIS应用的建模方法研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
徐兵 《地理与地理信息科学》2008,24(2):41-43
为提高海洋GIS分析效率,使系统分析模型更简洁、更具领域特性,在分析相关针对GIS建模研究的基础上,利用UML的扩展机制,定义针对海洋GIS的面向对象建模语言UML-M。描述UML-M的元模型,研究基于UML-M的空间对象和空间关系的模型表现方法,包括简单空间对象、覆盖对象、复杂空间对象、时空对象等。实例分析表明,UML-M可以很好地应用在海洋GIS中。 相似文献
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S. Schockaert M. De Cock E. E. Kerre 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(3):315-336
Local search services allow a user to search for businesses that satisfy a given geographical constraint. In contrast to traditional web search engines, current local search services rely heavily on static, structured data. Although this yields very accurate systems, it also implies a limited coverage, and limited support for using landmarks and neighborhood names in queries. To overcome these limitations, we propose to augment the structured information available to a local search service, based on the vast amount of unstructured and semi‐structured data available on the web. This requires a computational framework to represent vague natural language information about the nearness of places, as well as the spatial extent of vague neighborhoods. In this paper, we propose such a framework based on fuzzy set theory, and show how natural language information can be translated into this framework. We provide experimental results that show the effectiveness of the proposed techniques, and demonstrate that local search based on natural language hints about the location of places with an unknown address, is feasible. 相似文献
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Trocsanyi A 《Population geography : a journal of the Association of Population Geographers of India》1994,16(1-2):1-10
"This study focuses on some aspects of the linguistic geography of Hungary.... Hungary today is a small country having a relatively homogeneous ethnic composition. However, it shows several interesting peculiarities when examined in terms of its linguistic pattern. The main goal of the study is to reveal these peculiarities and to find explanations for the great territorial differences therein. Along with a universal use of Hungarian as the first language, an east-west, a core-periphery and a north-south dichotomy is observed in respect of the second language knowledge." 相似文献
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Bobby M. Wilson 《The Professional geographer》2002,54(1):31-41
In this article, I argue that race‐connected practices should be understood in their appropriate historical and geographical context. While race is mediated by language, texts, and interpretation, a reading of W. E. B. Du Bois and Richard Wright suggests that it is in some fundamental sense beyond text, located in space and time. 相似文献
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CHAUNCY D. HARRIS 《Geographical review》2001,91(4):675-689
ABSTRACT. The rise and spread of English as a language of international communication is discussed through an analysis of two bodies of data: languages used in twenty‐nine International Geographical Congresses (1871–2000); and utilization of supplementary abstracts or text in international languages in geographical periodicals and serials, from initial use of English in 1882 to widespread use of it in 2002. Five stages in the use of English are recognized: 1) no use of English; 2) provision of abstracts in English; 3) occasional inclusion of articles in English; 4) publication of special issues in English, particularly for international meetings; and 5) a shift to English as the basic language of the text. English provides a window into the geographical literature; but it is only a window, not the full panorama of the richly diverse geographical literature in the six main languages that have been used in International Geographical Congresses and in the fifty‐five languages that have been used in geographical serials. 相似文献
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讨论空间应用的一种面向问题的表达方法与实现机制。为解决空间应用的描述问题,在建立时空一体化空间数据模型基础上,定义了对SQL进行扩展的时空复合查询语言,实现了对空间应用问题的非过程化描述;研究复杂空间应用的表达问题,讨论时空复合查询语言的限制,并在语言中引入流机制,通过空间应用问题的组合实现更为复杂的空间应用,并支持空间数据分布式计算;最后给出若干空间应用实例及其面向问题的表达。 相似文献
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基于图式语言的少数民族传统村落空间布局特征研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取芋头村、皇都村、高上村及坪坦村4个典型侗族传统村落,以探究不同区域间图式语言的空间嵌套为目的,对侗族传统村落空间布局特征进行分析和总结。研究显示：① 不同侗族传统村落图式语汇类型多样,但互相之间存在共通性。通过对坪坦村进行图式语言空间嵌套,验证了侗族传统村落空间布局图式语言体系的有效性和普适性。② 侗族传统村落始终坚持“顺其自然,因地制宜”的基本理念有序发展,多呈现“水域空间–居住空间–连接空间–公共空间”的空间序列。③ 侗族传统村落整体上表现为以公共建筑为核心,周围建筑呈向心内聚式分布的特点。④ 侗族传统村落发展扩张中始终遵循本土性和秩序性的语法原则,空间要素的设计和布局多以传统风水观为指导。⑤ 传统村落空间布局图式语言体系对于同类型村落的空间修复与更新具有积极作用,其语汇、句法及语法的空间普适性有利于实现传统村落景观风貌的有效保护和可持续发展。 相似文献
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Patrick McHaffie 《International journal of geographical information science》2013,27(8):755-773
The Harvard Lab for Computer and Spatial Analysis was one of several sites in the early development of GIS where seminal innovations in the processing and display of geographically referenced data took place. An early area of concern at the lab were the mathematical and technical problems associated with the modelling of surfaces. This term, surface, came to take on new and sometimes abstract meanings. The language used to describe surfaces was rooted in tacit knowledge and more formal mathematics. The mixing of different forms of language, both verbal and written, allowed the passing of abstract and sometimes difficult meanings. It may be that universal history is the history of a handful of metaphors... It may be that universal history is the history of the different intonations given a handful of metaphors (Borges 1964, p. 189 and 192). 相似文献